Therapists in Sanford, FL

Photo of Brianna Kegelman, Licensed Mental Health Counselor, MA, LMHC
Brianna Kegelman
Licensed Mental Health Counselor, MA, LMHC
Sanford, FL 32773
Hi there, Congrats on making it to this step! Looking into therapy can be overwhelming, whether it is your first time or your familiar with it. You may think, is this really for me? I am here to tell you that you are not alone in this journey. I believe therapy is for anyone and everyone. Whether you are going through a crisis or not, having someone unbiased to talk to can help. You have to find the right fit and I hope I can be that, but if not I would love to provide you with other resources. I believe in making therapy an accepting and safe place that provides compassion, honesty, and focusing on Progress rather than Perfection.
Hi there, Congrats on making it to this step! Looking into therapy can be overwhelming, whether it is your first time or your familiar with it. You may think, is this really for me? I am here to tell you that you are not alone in this journey. I believe therapy is for anyone and everyone. Whether you are going through a crisis or not, having someone unbiased to talk to can help. You have to find the right fit and I hope I can be that, but if not I would love to provide you with other resources. I believe in making therapy an accepting and safe place that provides compassion, honesty, and focusing on Progress rather than Perfection.
(407) 863-7599 View (407) 863-7599
Jacqueline Espinal
Counselor, EdS, LMHC
Sanford, FL 32771
Jacqueline Espinal is a Licensed Mental Health Counselor in Florida who has been practicing since 2012. She has a Master’s degree in Forensic Psychology from John Jay College of Criminal Justice and a Master’s with dual specialization in Counseling and Marriage and Family therapy from Barry University. Jacqueline helps clients through CBT, Solution-Focused, and Narrative Therapy. Outside of work, Jacqueline enjoys HITT workouts, spending time with her family, taking pictures of the sunset, going to the beach, and art festivals.
Jacqueline Espinal is a Licensed Mental Health Counselor in Florida who has been practicing since 2012. She has a Master’s degree in Forensic Psychology from John Jay College of Criminal Justice and a Master’s with dual specialization in Counseling and Marriage and Family therapy from Barry University. Jacqueline helps clients through CBT, Solution-Focused, and Narrative Therapy. Outside of work, Jacqueline enjoys HITT workouts, spending time with her family, taking pictures of the sunset, going to the beach, and art festivals.
(386) 433-3276 View (386) 433-3276
Photo of Alexandria Rouse, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Alexandria Rouse
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
My name is Alexandria or Alex and I am a down-to-earth therapist dedicated to helping clients reach their foals with understanding and realism. With a background in social work, I bring a compassionate heart and a natural desire to support others on their journey. My passion lies in empowering individuals to achieve their aspirations and live fulfilling lives.
My name is Alexandria or Alex and I am a down-to-earth therapist dedicated to helping clients reach their foals with understanding and realism. With a background in social work, I bring a compassionate heart and a natural desire to support others on their journey. My passion lies in empowering individuals to achieve their aspirations and live fulfilling lives.
(407) 942-7438 View (407) 942-7438
Photo of Henna Roebuck Galiber, Licensed Mental Health Counselor, MEd, MS, LMHC , LPC, QS
Henna Roebuck Galiber
Licensed Mental Health Counselor, MEd, MS, LMHC , LPC, QS
3 Endorsed
Online Only
You are not broken; you have survived. Now, it's time to embrace healing! If gaslighting and emotional abuse have left you feeling drained, know that you are not alone. I specialize in helping survivors of narcissistic abuse reconnect with their authentic selves, reclaim their voice, and restore their inner peace. You are just beginning to acknowledge your experiences or ready to confront deeper pain, I provide a safe and supportive space for your healing journey. My services are offered in English and Spanish. Take the step to reclaim your power!
You are not broken; you have survived. Now, it's time to embrace healing! If gaslighting and emotional abuse have left you feeling drained, know that you are not alone. I specialize in helping survivors of narcissistic abuse reconnect with their authentic selves, reclaim their voice, and restore their inner peace. You are just beginning to acknowledge your experiences or ready to confront deeper pain, I provide a safe and supportive space for your healing journey. My services are offered in English and Spanish. Take the step to reclaim your power!
(407) 258-1512 View (407) 258-1512
Photo of Kristina Sanchez, Counselor, MA, LMHC
Kristina Sanchez
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Online Only
Have you experienced past or present trauma that may be hindering your personal growth and getting in the way of your goals? We all have struggled in dealing with painful situations, but we no longer have to struggle alone. As the saying goes, "The journey of a thousand miles begins with one step" - Lao Tzu. Let me help you take that first step towards becoming a better you!
Have you experienced past or present trauma that may be hindering your personal growth and getting in the way of your goals? We all have struggled in dealing with painful situations, but we no longer have to struggle alone. As the saying goes, "The journey of a thousand miles begins with one step" - Lao Tzu. Let me help you take that first step towards becoming a better you!
(321) 360-4115 View (321) 360-4115
Photo of Rosie Ayala, Counselor, MA, LMHC
Rosie Ayala
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Sanford, FL 32771
Rosie Ayala is a Licensed Mental Health Counselor in Florida who has been practicing since 2021. She has a Masters in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from UCF, with a certificate in Couples, Marriage, and Family Therapy, and a BS in Criminal Justice from UCF. Rosie provides a blend of play therapy and traditional talk therapy to help children, adolescents, and teens better manage anxiety, depression, and low self-esteem. Outside of work, Rosie enjoys traveling, collecting pins from all over the world, and is an amateur painter.
Rosie Ayala is a Licensed Mental Health Counselor in Florida who has been practicing since 2021. She has a Masters in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from UCF, with a certificate in Couples, Marriage, and Family Therapy, and a BS in Criminal Justice from UCF. Rosie provides a blend of play therapy and traditional talk therapy to help children, adolescents, and teens better manage anxiety, depression, and low self-esteem. Outside of work, Rosie enjoys traveling, collecting pins from all over the world, and is an amateur painter.
(689) 407-5634 View (689) 407-5634
Photo of Jacqueline Hernandez, Counselor, LMHC
Jacqueline Hernandez
Counselor, LMHC
1 Endorsed
Online Only
As a mental health counselor, I enjoy working with a diverse group of populations and helping them solve their problems, achieve their goals, and overcome life's hardships. Whether you are currently experiencing situational stressors or battling long-term problems, I am here to help. I offer an eclectic approach in order to ensure the most effective treatment plan is designed to meet your interests, goals, and strengths. I am also certified in EMDR.
As a mental health counselor, I enjoy working with a diverse group of populations and helping them solve their problems, achieve their goals, and overcome life's hardships. Whether you are currently experiencing situational stressors or battling long-term problems, I am here to help. I offer an eclectic approach in order to ensure the most effective treatment plan is designed to meet your interests, goals, and strengths. I am also certified in EMDR.
(321) 522-4898 View (321) 522-4898
Photo of Nancy Shaw, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Nancy Shaw
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Sanford, FL 32771
NOW accepting new clients as of 01/24/26! I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Florida over twenty years of professional work experience and specialize in working with geriatric individuals. I regularly help clients with stress and anxiety, depression, pain management, communication within relationships and families, and adjusting to medical issues. It is my passion to provide counseling for older adults coping with medical illness, dementia for both the client and caregiver, transitions, trauma, grief and loss. I love my work and strive to provide a safe and uplifting environment in which my clients can heal and thrive.
NOW accepting new clients as of 01/24/26! I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Florida over twenty years of professional work experience and specialize in working with geriatric individuals. I regularly help clients with stress and anxiety, depression, pain management, communication within relationships and families, and adjusting to medical issues. It is my passion to provide counseling for older adults coping with medical illness, dementia for both the client and caregiver, transitions, trauma, grief and loss. I love my work and strive to provide a safe and uplifting environment in which my clients can heal and thrive.
(407) 759-7108 View (407) 759-7108
Photo of Dedrick Peyton, Licensed Mental Health Counselor, MA, LMHC
Dedrick Peyton
Licensed Mental Health Counselor, MA, LMHC
Sanford, FL 32771
Dedrick works with individuals who are looking to gain insight into themselves and improve their quality of life. She seeks to understand each individual holistically, including their backgrounds and the strengths they already possess to provide an individualized approach. Dedrick believes that establishing a strong alliance with her clients is essential to getting the most out of therapy and creating lasting change. Through this alliance, she partners with her clients to explore and address thought and behavior patterns that serve as barriers to enjoying life fully.
Dedrick works with individuals who are looking to gain insight into themselves and improve their quality of life. She seeks to understand each individual holistically, including their backgrounds and the strengths they already possess to provide an individualized approach. Dedrick believes that establishing a strong alliance with her clients is essential to getting the most out of therapy and creating lasting change. Through this alliance, she partners with her clients to explore and address thought and behavior patterns that serve as barriers to enjoying life fully.
(689) 334-1081 View (689) 334-1081
Photo of Martha Marquez, Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Martha Marquez
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Online Only
Most couples have many strengths that are overshadowed by daily or recurring arguments. Some may also be stuck re-living old wounds that have never healed. A good therapist helps clients access strengths, address past events if desired, and examine potential solutions. I help clients work to free themselves of dynamics that are hurting their ability to live in a fulfilling relationship. My work focuses on couples, families and individuals who are struggling with relationship issues. I offer a discount for military couples, military families as well as veterans.
Most couples have many strengths that are overshadowed by daily or recurring arguments. Some may also be stuck re-living old wounds that have never healed. A good therapist helps clients access strengths, address past events if desired, and examine potential solutions. I help clients work to free themselves of dynamics that are hurting their ability to live in a fulfilling relationship. My work focuses on couples, families and individuals who are struggling with relationship issues. I offer a discount for military couples, military families as well as veterans.
(407) 305-7469 View (407) 305-7469
Photo of Amy Godinez, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Amy Godinez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
“Life is rough, let’s be real. But there’s no problem too big or too small that therapy can’t help with. Whether it be anxiety from your job, a huge life change, or you just need someone to vent to, I am here to work alongside you to help you make it through any issues you may have. I like to take a team approach to therapy so you know that you are not alone in this. You have a teammate that will be there to help guide you and give you the tools you need to conquer any obstacle life throws your way!”
“Life is rough, let’s be real. But there’s no problem too big or too small that therapy can’t help with. Whether it be anxiety from your job, a huge life change, or you just need someone to vent to, I am here to work alongside you to help you make it through any issues you may have. I like to take a team approach to therapy so you know that you are not alone in this. You have a teammate that will be there to help guide you and give you the tools you need to conquer any obstacle life throws your way!”
(689) 336-7293 View (689) 336-7293
Photo of Rocio Lopez, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Rocio Lopez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Online Only
When things feel overwhelming at home, in relationships, or within yourself, it can be hard to know where to start. I support children, teens, and families navigating ADHD, autism, anxiety, mood, and behavior challenges who want more calm, connection, and confidence in daily life. With over 12 years of experience, I help you understand what’s beneath behaviors and build stronger, more secure relationships. I offer therapy in both English and Spanish so you can feel fully understood and supported. Together, we focus on practical tools that actually work, so life can feel more manageable, connected, and steady.
When things feel overwhelming at home, in relationships, or within yourself, it can be hard to know where to start. I support children, teens, and families navigating ADHD, autism, anxiety, mood, and behavior challenges who want more calm, connection, and confidence in daily life. With over 12 years of experience, I help you understand what’s beneath behaviors and build stronger, more secure relationships. I offer therapy in both English and Spanish so you can feel fully understood and supported. Together, we focus on practical tools that actually work, so life can feel more manageable, connected, and steady.
(786) 882-2344 View (786) 882-2344
Photo of Tanesha T Burns - Grace Counseling Center LLC, Counselor, LMHC
Grace Counseling Center LLC
Counselor, LMHC
Sanford, FL 32771
I work well with a variety of clients and create individualized treatment options to meet their goals. I have been in mental health for over fifteen years and truly enjoy working in this field. I am very passionate about helping others. My personal motto is..."Getting to the heart of the problem, by empowering minds and changing lives".
I work well with a variety of clients and create individualized treatment options to meet their goals. I have been in mental health for over fifteen years and truly enjoy working in this field. I am very passionate about helping others. My personal motto is..."Getting to the heart of the problem, by empowering minds and changing lives".
(407) 512-0464 View (407) 512-0464
Photo of Nicole Asadi, Counselor, MS, LMHC
Nicole Asadi
Counselor, MS, LMHC
Sanford, FL 32771
I focus on being holistic in my approach, integrating the mind and body connection, and encourage my clients to consider diet, exercise, social support, and spirituality in their daily lives to feel healthy and live their best lives. I provide non-judgmental, accepting, and empathic counseling services to help those through the process of change. I look forward to meeting you and starting this journey together.I focus on being holistic in my approach, integrating the mind and body connection, and encourage my clients to consider diet, exercise, social support, and spirituality in their daily lives to feel healthy and live their best
I focus on being holistic in my approach, integrating the mind and body connection, and encourage my clients to consider diet, exercise, social support, and spirituality in their daily lives to feel healthy and live their best lives. I provide non-judgmental, accepting, and empathic counseling services to help those through the process of change. I look forward to meeting you and starting this journey together.I focus on being holistic in my approach, integrating the mind and body connection, and encourage my clients to consider diet, exercise, social support, and spirituality in their daily lives to feel healthy and live their best
(407) 942-7534 View (407) 942-7534
Photo of Joanne Ritter - Lighthouse Therapy Services, Counselor, MA, LMHC
Lighthouse Therapy Services
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Sanford, FL 32771
YOU don’t have to face this alone. Whether it’s anxiety that won’t quiet down, the weight of grief, or patterns like addiction or disordered eating that keep pulling you back. Maybe you have tried to push through on your own, but deep down you know something needs to shift. That’s where I come in. Together, You and I will uncover what’s holding you back—-and help you feel more grounded, hopeful, and able to live your life fully. Reaching out, takes courage; it’s not weakness. It’s the first step towards reclaiming your life. I am Joanne Ritter, founder of Lighthouse Therapy Services.
YOU don’t have to face this alone. Whether it’s anxiety that won’t quiet down, the weight of grief, or patterns like addiction or disordered eating that keep pulling you back. Maybe you have tried to push through on your own, but deep down you know something needs to shift. That’s where I come in. Together, You and I will uncover what’s holding you back—-and help you feel more grounded, hopeful, and able to live your life fully. Reaching out, takes courage; it’s not weakness. It’s the first step towards reclaiming your life. I am Joanne Ritter, founder of Lighthouse Therapy Services.
(386) 465-2588 View (386) 465-2588
Lakefront Counseling and Communication
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
Often I have seen people experience adjustment issues or intensified anxiety or depression when given life altering diagnosis themselves or learn someone they care about will undergo medical and/or memory changes that will bring the course of their life to a halt and place them into a new role as caregiver. There is always a sense of shock or disbelief: surely the test is wrong. There are questions. Even when answered, they are not fully remembered. This is when life seems unfair and we become consumed with questions. There are the "why?" questions, then the "how am I going to do this?" questions and finally "who will help?".
Often I have seen people experience adjustment issues or intensified anxiety or depression when given life altering diagnosis themselves or learn someone they care about will undergo medical and/or memory changes that will bring the course of their life to a halt and place them into a new role as caregiver. There is always a sense of shock or disbelief: surely the test is wrong. There are questions. Even when answered, they are not fully remembered. This is when life seems unfair and we become consumed with questions. There are the "why?" questions, then the "how am I going to do this?" questions and finally "who will help?".
(407) 743-6032 View (407) 743-6032
Photo of Kenneth Koffer, Counselor, MS, LMHC
Kenneth Koffer
Counselor, MS, LMHC
1 Endorsed
Sanford, FL 32771
Kenneth Koffer, LMHC, provides thoughtful, trauma-informed therapy to adolescents and adults across Florida, helping individuals navigate anxiety, depression, grief, and complex emotional challenges. At LifeStance Health, he offers individual therapy grounded in warmth, authenticity, and clinical expertise. Kenneth works with clients ages 15 and up, including teens, young adults, and those in midlife, creating a space where meaningful growth and healing can take place. Kenneth has a strong passion for supporting those affected by developmental and complex trauma.
Kenneth Koffer, LMHC, provides thoughtful, trauma-informed therapy to adolescents and adults across Florida, helping individuals navigate anxiety, depression, grief, and complex emotional challenges. At LifeStance Health, he offers individual therapy grounded in warmth, authenticity, and clinical expertise. Kenneth works with clients ages 15 and up, including teens, young adults, and those in midlife, creating a space where meaningful growth and healing can take place. Kenneth has a strong passion for supporting those affected by developmental and complex trauma.
(386) 345-2809 View (386) 345-2809
Photo of Alana Sadhu Christianson, Counselor, LMHC, MA, CDAC
Alana Sadhu Christianson
Counselor, LMHC, MA, CDAC
1 Endorsed
Sanford, FL 32773
If you feel like you just can't seem to find the right therapist for you, give me a call. I will happily provide a free consultation over the phone or virtually, even if I am not the person for you I can guide you in the direction you would like to go! Finding the right therapist for you is half the battle and it is a vulnerable and sometimes challenging process. I respect the fact that picking up the phone or even going on this website is nerve wracking and I know that it took a lot to even get you here. I am an unconventional therapist. I guide treatment with empathy first. I utilize evidence-based techniques unique to your needs.
If you feel like you just can't seem to find the right therapist for you, give me a call. I will happily provide a free consultation over the phone or virtually, even if I am not the person for you I can guide you in the direction you would like to go! Finding the right therapist for you is half the battle and it is a vulnerable and sometimes challenging process. I respect the fact that picking up the phone or even going on this website is nerve wracking and I know that it took a lot to even get you here. I am an unconventional therapist. I guide treatment with empathy first. I utilize evidence-based techniques unique to your needs.
(321) 221-5090 View (321) 221-5090
Photo of Chelsea Hester, Licensed Mental Health Counselor, MA, LMHC
Chelsea Hester
Licensed Mental Health Counselor, MA, LMHC
Sanford, FL 32771
I have always valued helping others and believe that all people desire purpose in their lives, but sometimes need help realizing what is their purpose and determining what is truly meaningful to them. Seeking help is a sign of strength not weakness it is the first step towards a more fulfilling and purposeful life. My approach to therapy is highly person-centered utilizing cognitive behavioral therapy, motivational interviewing, as well as mindfulness techniques and Logotherapy Meaning Therapy .
I have always valued helping others and believe that all people desire purpose in their lives, but sometimes need help realizing what is their purpose and determining what is truly meaningful to them. Seeking help is a sign of strength not weakness it is the first step towards a more fulfilling and purposeful life. My approach to therapy is highly person-centered utilizing cognitive behavioral therapy, motivational interviewing, as well as mindfulness techniques and Logotherapy Meaning Therapy .
(407) 759-5189 View (407) 759-5189
Photo of Dr. Christopher O'Connor, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Dr. Christopher O'Connor
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
I believe therapy is most effective when it feels both supportive and collaborative. My goal is to provide a safe space where clients can process trauma, explore challenges, and build the skills they need to live more fully. I offer psychotherapy, therapeutic assessments, and specialized interventions designed to meet each client’s unique needs. Whether you are navigating life transitions, managing mental health concerns, or seeking greater clarity in your relationships, I aim to help you feel understood and empowered. As I often remind clients, our connection to the world is shaped by the people we engage with.
I believe therapy is most effective when it feels both supportive and collaborative. My goal is to provide a safe space where clients can process trauma, explore challenges, and build the skills they need to live more fully. I offer psychotherapy, therapeutic assessments, and specialized interventions designed to meet each client’s unique needs. Whether you are navigating life transitions, managing mental health concerns, or seeking greater clarity in your relationships, I aim to help you feel understood and empowered. As I often remind clients, our connection to the world is shaped by the people we engage with.
(386) 517-1231 View (386) 517-1231

See more therapy options for Sanford

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Sanford, FL

100+

Average cost per session

$138

Therapists in Sanford, FL who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
91% Social Anxiety
91% Health Anxiety
91% Driving Anxiety
88% Depression
68% Trauma and PTSD
68% Complex PTSD

Average years in practice

14 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

95% Aetna
83% Cigna and Evernorth
66% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Sanford, FL see their clients

62% In Person and Online
38% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
19% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Sanford?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.