Therapists in Lake Lucina, Jacksonville, FL

Photo of Victoria Jacobs, LMHC, Counselor
Victoria Jacobs
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Online Only
I am a dedicated mental health therapist with a passion for helping individuals navigate life's challenges with resilience and confidence. I specialize in working with adults over the age of 18 and college students. I believe that every person possesses the inner strength to overcome obstacles and achieve their full potential, and I am committed to being your guide on this transformative journey. I believe in the power of collaboration and empathy. I work to create a warm, non-judgmental space where clients can openly explore their thoughts, feelings, and concerns.
I am a dedicated mental health therapist with a passion for helping individuals navigate life's challenges with resilience and confidence. I specialize in working with adults over the age of 18 and college students. I believe that every person possesses the inner strength to overcome obstacles and achieve their full potential, and I am committed to being your guide on this transformative journey. I believe in the power of collaboration and empathy. I work to create a warm, non-judgmental space where clients can openly explore their thoughts, feelings, and concerns.
(904) 615-8985 View (904) 615-8985
Photo of Omonoh Agbuduwe, LMHC, Counselor
Omonoh Agbuduwe
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Lake Lucina, Jacksonville, FL 32277
My name is Omonoh Agbuduwe and I am a licensed mental health counselor FL and WI and have been working in the mental health field since 2016. I use cognitive behavioral therapy in order to help my clients see that their feelings, behaviors and actions are interconnected and how to change their actions for the better. Behavioral analysis and counseling have unique components that I am interested in combining to bring forth the best dynamic to treat, support, and help each person I see. I have experience in helping clients with depression, anxiety, parenting issues, grief, and adjustment issues.
My name is Omonoh Agbuduwe and I am a licensed mental health counselor FL and WI and have been working in the mental health field since 2016. I use cognitive behavioral therapy in order to help my clients see that their feelings, behaviors and actions are interconnected and how to change their actions for the better. Behavioral analysis and counseling have unique components that I am interested in combining to bring forth the best dynamic to treat, support, and help each person I see. I have experience in helping clients with depression, anxiety, parenting issues, grief, and adjustment issues.
(904) 774-2231 View (904) 774-2231
Photo of Sonya Belletti, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Sonya Belletti
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Lake Lucina, Jacksonville, FL 32277
I am Sonya Belletti, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and Coach who specializes in and is passionate about all things family. I take a client-centered and humanistic approach to working with my clients. My goal is to have clients leave each session with value added to their lives, so they are able to build fulfilling relationships. I work with clients who find themselves at an impasse and struggling to get out of a rut in their personal lives, career, or relationship. I also support families who are entering parenthood for the first time as well as established families who are struggling to feel connected within their household.
I am Sonya Belletti, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker and Coach who specializes in and is passionate about all things family. I take a client-centered and humanistic approach to working with my clients. My goal is to have clients leave each session with value added to their lives, so they are able to build fulfilling relationships. I work with clients who find themselves at an impasse and struggling to get out of a rut in their personal lives, career, or relationship. I also support families who are entering parenthood for the first time as well as established families who are struggling to feel connected within their household.
(904) 842-4262 View (904) 842-4262
Photo of Fernette Hoag - Healing Journeys Counseling Services, LLC, LMHC, CAP, LMHC-QS, Counselor
Healing Journeys Counseling Services, LLC
Counselor, LMHC, CAP, LMHC-QS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
I believe that incredible change happens in your life when you decide to take control of what you do have power over, instead of craving control over what you don’t. Life can be difficult and having professional support from an intuitive therapist can make a tremendous difference during these times.
I believe that incredible change happens in your life when you decide to take control of what you do have power over, instead of craving control over what you don’t. Life can be difficult and having professional support from an intuitive therapist can make a tremendous difference during these times.
(904) 901-7816 View (904) 901-7816
Photo of Barbara Mignona, LMHC , CAP , ART, Counselor
Barbara Mignona
Counselor, LMHC , CAP , ART
Verified Verified
Lake Lucina, Jacksonville, FL 32211
My focus is on Depression, Substance Abuse/Recovery, Anxiety, Personality Disorders, Trauma, Experiential Therapy, Relationships, LGBTQ, Co-Dependency, Anger, and PTSD. I enjoy working with people who are ready for a change, and I will provide a compassionate & safe platform for you to unfold your given potential while implementing a distinct and personalized plan for your recovery.
My focus is on Depression, Substance Abuse/Recovery, Anxiety, Personality Disorders, Trauma, Experiential Therapy, Relationships, LGBTQ, Co-Dependency, Anger, and PTSD. I enjoy working with people who are ready for a change, and I will provide a compassionate & safe platform for you to unfold your given potential while implementing a distinct and personalized plan for your recovery.
(904) 966-4859 View (904) 966-4859
Photo of Connally Barry, PsyD, Psychologist
Connally Barry
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Online Only
Hello, I'm Dr. Connally Barry, PY11791 and my main goal is to help my patients become the best version of themselves! I specialize in counseling patients with anxiety, depression, family discord, and postpartum distress. I can't wait to work with you!
Hello, I'm Dr. Connally Barry, PY11791 and my main goal is to help my patients become the best version of themselves! I specialize in counseling patients with anxiety, depression, family discord, and postpartum distress. I can't wait to work with you!
(904) 822-7927 View (904) 822-7927
Photo of Tiffany Moore, LMHC, Counselor
Tiffany Moore
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Lake Lucina, Jacksonville, FL 32211
The purpose of therapy is to take what you have learned and apply it outside. It is not always easy to make changes, and change can be scary, but once you put your words into action, the change can be beautiful. I have worked with people who struggle with substance use issues, depression, anxiety, and families. I have a passion for working with people in the BiPOC community. I want my clients to believe in themselves and what they can accomplish without needing external validation. My goal is for you to feel confident in your decision-making to process your needs/issues without relying on others.
The purpose of therapy is to take what you have learned and apply it outside. It is not always easy to make changes, and change can be scary, but once you put your words into action, the change can be beautiful. I have worked with people who struggle with substance use issues, depression, anxiety, and families. I have a passion for working with people in the BiPOC community. I want my clients to believe in themselves and what they can accomplish without needing external validation. My goal is for you to feel confident in your decision-making to process your needs/issues without relying on others.
(904) 364-1958 View (904) 364-1958
Photo of Ashleigh Mack, Marriage & Family Therapist Intern
Ashleigh Mack
Marriage & Family Therapist Intern
Verified Verified
Lake Lucina, Jacksonville, FL 32211
I am a registered Marriage and Family Therapist Intern with experience treating couples, families, and individuals dealing with anxiety, depression, self-esteem, grief, trauma, spiritual abuse, pregnancy, postpartum, life transitions, relationships, and behavioral concerns. I earned my Master of Science in Marriage and Family Therapy from Capella University. As a mother of three and a child of teen pregnancy, my personal and professional experiences have given me a deep understanding of different backgrounds and challenges. I know firsthand what it feels like to come from nothing and, at times, to feel like nothing.
I am a registered Marriage and Family Therapist Intern with experience treating couples, families, and individuals dealing with anxiety, depression, self-esteem, grief, trauma, spiritual abuse, pregnancy, postpartum, life transitions, relationships, and behavioral concerns. I earned my Master of Science in Marriage and Family Therapy from Capella University. As a mother of three and a child of teen pregnancy, my personal and professional experiences have given me a deep understanding of different backgrounds and challenges. I know firsthand what it feels like to come from nothing and, at times, to feel like nothing.
(904) 467-7249 View (904) 467-7249
Photo of Aaron Percoco, RMHCI
Aaron Percoco
Registered Mental Health Counselor Intern, RMHCI
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Lake Lucina, Jacksonville, FL 32211
You're the parent of a gifted, autistic, ADHD kiddo or some combination of the three. As they get older, you're starting to see them have difficulties with growing up, school, or making friends. Maybe they're becoming more irritable or withdrawn. It could just be puberty, but you want to make sure they're okay. You make efforts to talk to them, but you can only do so much. That's where I may be able to help. Talk therapy is a great tool for kids to process life's challenges, but understanding their brains is also a helpful resource for parents. I'm a therapist who puts an emphasis on both and would love to support your family!
You're the parent of a gifted, autistic, ADHD kiddo or some combination of the three. As they get older, you're starting to see them have difficulties with growing up, school, or making friends. Maybe they're becoming more irritable or withdrawn. It could just be puberty, but you want to make sure they're okay. You make efforts to talk to them, but you can only do so much. That's where I may be able to help. Talk therapy is a great tool for kids to process life's challenges, but understanding their brains is also a helpful resource for parents. I'm a therapist who puts an emphasis on both and would love to support your family!
(904) 478-1618 View (904) 478-1618
Photo of Valeria Cantore, MS, LMHC, Counselor
Valeria Cantore
Counselor, MS, LMHC
Verified Verified
Lake Lucina, Jacksonville, FL 32211
My ideal client would be someone who struggles with outer challenges in life. I am looking for someone who is actively pursuing personal growth but needs a small push toward the finish line. An ideal client is prepared to better their life for their own and their loved ones' sake.
My ideal client would be someone who struggles with outer challenges in life. I am looking for someone who is actively pursuing personal growth but needs a small push toward the finish line. An ideal client is prepared to better their life for their own and their loved ones' sake.
(561) 576-1411 View (561) 576-1411
Photo of Lauren Whitworth, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Lauren Whitworth
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Lake Lucina, Jacksonville, FL 32211
Are you looking for relief from symptoms of PTSD, seeking emotional validation, or even yearning to feel "just a little bit better"? Are you ready to explore your emotions, practice new strategies for healing, find forgiveness for yourself, and learn to set and work towards achieving your own treatment goals? My specialty is treating anxiety, depression, PTSD, relationship conflicts, and more. Anyone who is ready to feel empowered and take back control of their life is my ideal client.
Are you looking for relief from symptoms of PTSD, seeking emotional validation, or even yearning to feel "just a little bit better"? Are you ready to explore your emotions, practice new strategies for healing, find forgiveness for yourself, and learn to set and work towards achieving your own treatment goals? My specialty is treating anxiety, depression, PTSD, relationship conflicts, and more. Anyone who is ready to feel empowered and take back control of their life is my ideal client.
(904) 530-5780 View (904) 530-5780
Photo of Christopher Maniscalco, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Christopher Maniscalco
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Lake Lucina, Jacksonville, FL 32211
Do you struggle with past or present traumatic life experiences, be that from combat, sexual trauma, childhood trauma, natural disasters, or other emotionally disturbing experiences? Are you willing to embrace connection over protection and open up about your struggles? I will provide you with the tools & support needed to reduce the frequency, intensity & duration of your presenting symptoms or increase your ability to manage them healthily. If you want to learn how your past may be negatively impacting your present & learn tools to manage or replace maladaptive behaviors, then I'm the clinician for you!
Do you struggle with past or present traumatic life experiences, be that from combat, sexual trauma, childhood trauma, natural disasters, or other emotionally disturbing experiences? Are you willing to embrace connection over protection and open up about your struggles? I will provide you with the tools & support needed to reduce the frequency, intensity & duration of your presenting symptoms or increase your ability to manage them healthily. If you want to learn how your past may be negatively impacting your present & learn tools to manage or replace maladaptive behaviors, then I'm the clinician for you!
(904) 650-5045 View (904) 650-5045
Photo of Christina Belknap, MSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Christina Belknap
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Lake Lucina, Jacksonville, FL 32211
My ideal client aims to engage in an active partnership to build self-awareness and take action to make a change. I will give you feedback and challenge you, which is not everyone’s cup of tea! I work best with those suffering from anxiety, panic attacks, overwhelm, trauma, or emotional flooding. Many of my clients report that our work helped them shift from survival mode to a sense of thriving. I suggest homework; your progress is based on your willingness to practice. The ideal client for my strengths is someone who wants to learn and shift by discovering tangible skills and techniques they can use in their own lives.
My ideal client aims to engage in an active partnership to build self-awareness and take action to make a change. I will give you feedback and challenge you, which is not everyone’s cup of tea! I work best with those suffering from anxiety, panic attacks, overwhelm, trauma, or emotional flooding. Many of my clients report that our work helped them shift from survival mode to a sense of thriving. I suggest homework; your progress is based on your willingness to practice. The ideal client for my strengths is someone who wants to learn and shift by discovering tangible skills and techniques they can use in their own lives.
(561) 220-0530 View (561) 220-0530
Photo of Shani Hoffman, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Shani Hoffman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Lake Lucina, Jacksonville, FL 32211
Welcome! I am Shani Hoffman, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. I reside in Jacksonville, Florida, and provide telehealth counseling statewide. I invite you into an open and safe space to take the next steps in your journey. My primary focus is working with adults and substance use disorder/addiction, depression, and anxiety. If this is your first time considering therapy or telehealth( or not), my goal is to start Client/person-centered That is wherever you are.
Welcome! I am Shani Hoffman, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker. I reside in Jacksonville, Florida, and provide telehealth counseling statewide. I invite you into an open and safe space to take the next steps in your journey. My primary focus is working with adults and substance use disorder/addiction, depression, and anxiety. If this is your first time considering therapy or telehealth( or not), my goal is to start Client/person-centered That is wherever you are.
(904) 656-6902 View (904) 656-6902
Photo of Margaret Sahm, LMHC , CAP
Margaret Sahm
Licensed Mental Health Counselor, LMHC , CAP
Verified Verified
Lake Lucina, Jacksonville, FL 32211
Are you wrestling with the challenges of past traumatic experiences? Do you want to diminish your anxiety and depression, being able to move forward without always being triggered or being awoken by a panic attack? Your goals may be to enjoy your life, be able to manage your emotions and enjoy healthy relationships. I'm here to listen, understand, and help you feel validated and valued so that you can move forward confidently. We will be working through trauma-informed care, cognitive-behavioral techniques, and exposure-based therapy with a solution-focused approach, along with incorporating your faith, if applicable.
Are you wrestling with the challenges of past traumatic experiences? Do you want to diminish your anxiety and depression, being able to move forward without always being triggered or being awoken by a panic attack? Your goals may be to enjoy your life, be able to manage your emotions and enjoy healthy relationships. I'm here to listen, understand, and help you feel validated and valued so that you can move forward confidently. We will be working through trauma-informed care, cognitive-behavioral techniques, and exposure-based therapy with a solution-focused approach, along with incorporating your faith, if applicable.
(904) 227-4600 View (904) 227-4600
Photo of Dorimar Arroyo, LMHC
Dorimar Arroyo
Licensed Mental Health Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Lake Lucina, Jacksonville, FL 32211
My ideal client struggles with insecurities, fears, has low self- esteem, and difficulties to identify his or her strengths. He or she has fears, and anxieties, and create the worst possible case scenarios in his or her inner dialogue for situations that he or she finds threatening or challenging. Also my ideal client needs to identify strategies to better manage their time. My ideal client struggles with anxieties in his or her relationship, which could lead to codependency and anxious attachment patterns.
My ideal client struggles with insecurities, fears, has low self- esteem, and difficulties to identify his or her strengths. He or she has fears, and anxieties, and create the worst possible case scenarios in his or her inner dialogue for situations that he or she finds threatening or challenging. Also my ideal client needs to identify strategies to better manage their time. My ideal client struggles with anxieties in his or her relationship, which could lead to codependency and anxious attachment patterns.
(561) 556-3759 View (561) 556-3759
Photo of Nonata Calcines, RMHCI, Pre-Licensed Professional
Nonata Calcines
Pre-Licensed Professional, RMHCI
Verified Verified
Lake Lucina, Jacksonville, FL 32211
One of my heartfelt specialties is ADHD, which is increasingly prevalent among individuals aged 5 to 18 years old. Based on evidence-based practices & my own up-growing experience with clients, I firmly believe that factors such as nutrition, environment, societal influences, & social media play significant roles in shaping individuals with ADHD symptoms, whether they have been formally diagnosed or not. Understanding how these factors impact clients' functionality and well-being, I strive to provide a safe, welcoming, non-judgmental, and compassionate space. I offer treatments tailored to my clients' needs, desires, and goals.
One of my heartfelt specialties is ADHD, which is increasingly prevalent among individuals aged 5 to 18 years old. Based on evidence-based practices & my own up-growing experience with clients, I firmly believe that factors such as nutrition, environment, societal influences, & social media play significant roles in shaping individuals with ADHD symptoms, whether they have been formally diagnosed or not. Understanding how these factors impact clients' functionality and well-being, I strive to provide a safe, welcoming, non-judgmental, and compassionate space. I offer treatments tailored to my clients' needs, desires, and goals.
(904) 901-9743 View (904) 901-9743
Photo of Rebecca Austin, LSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Rebecca Austin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
Lake Lucina, Jacksonville, FL 32211
Are you struggling with overwhelming emotions or persistent negative thoughts? Maybe you're finding it hard to express your needs to loved ones, or you're feeling stuck in a cycle of anxiety and depression. I primarily focus on treating anxiety, depression, & mood disorders while also supporting clients with coping skills development, life transitions, substance use, & relationship issues. My focus is to help you regain control over your emotions, find lasting relief from emotional distress, and achieve a sense of inner peace and happiness.
Are you struggling with overwhelming emotions or persistent negative thoughts? Maybe you're finding it hard to express your needs to loved ones, or you're feeling stuck in a cycle of anxiety and depression. I primarily focus on treating anxiety, depression, & mood disorders while also supporting clients with coping skills development, life transitions, substance use, & relationship issues. My focus is to help you regain control over your emotions, find lasting relief from emotional distress, and achieve a sense of inner peace and happiness.
(904) 842-4078 View (904) 842-4078
Photo of Diana Cofsky, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Diana Cofsky
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Lake Lucina, Jacksonville, FL 32211
I specialize in Anxiety, Depression, & Mood Disorders. I am a licensed professional counselor that has been working in behavioral health for over 20 years, obtaining my Bachelors and Masters degrees from La Salle University in Philadelphia. I have been fortunate to have backgrounds in both addiction and mental health at all levels of care, including inpatient residential, intensive outpatient and outpatient. My approach to therapy is client centered, using a variety of modalities including CBT, DBT and family systems therapy. I believe in the mind/body connection and offer guided imagery.
I specialize in Anxiety, Depression, & Mood Disorders. I am a licensed professional counselor that has been working in behavioral health for over 20 years, obtaining my Bachelors and Masters degrees from La Salle University in Philadelphia. I have been fortunate to have backgrounds in both addiction and mental health at all levels of care, including inpatient residential, intensive outpatient and outpatient. My approach to therapy is client centered, using a variety of modalities including CBT, DBT and family systems therapy. I believe in the mind/body connection and offer guided imagery.
(561) 769-5682 View (561) 769-5682
Photo of Dr. Joanne Oestmann, EdD, LMHC, LPC, LPCS, Counselor
Dr. Joanne Oestmann
Counselor, EdD, LMHC, LPC, LPCS
Verified Verified
Lake Lucina, Jacksonville, FL 32211
Want to learn new ways to strengthen your life skills and relationships? Is anxiety, stress, feelings of depression or medical issues getting in the way of your happiness? Would you like more meaning in your life? You can begin a journey to yourself together as we develop mindfulness, deepen relationships, strengthen communications, build parenting skills, and become a better you. Say YES to you today!
Want to learn new ways to strengthen your life skills and relationships? Is anxiety, stress, feelings of depression or medical issues getting in the way of your happiness? Would you like more meaning in your life? You can begin a journey to yourself together as we develop mindfulness, deepen relationships, strengthen communications, build parenting skills, and become a better you. Say YES to you today!
(904) 639-5548 View (904) 639-5548
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Lake Lucina, Jacksonville, FL

30+

Average cost per session

$130

Therapists in Lake Lucina, Jacksonville, FL who prioritize treating:

89% Anxiety
81% Depression
78% Self Esteem
76% Relationship Issues
73% Stress
70% Trauma and PTSD
62% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

8 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% Aetna
97% BlueCross and BlueShield
94% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Lake Lucina, Jacksonville, FL see their clients

90% In Person and Online
10% Online Only

Gender breakdown

95% Female
5% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Lake Lucina, Jacksonville?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.