Therapists in Chicago, IL

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Photo of Brandon Liu, Marriage & Family Therapist in Chicago, IL
Brandon Liu
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60661  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I believe in the power and influence that relationships have in shaping who we are and our stories. Therefore, I work from a relational and systemic approach where I seek to understand your multi-storied context and build an open and authentic relationship with you. Your growth and insight are a priority to me and our therapeutic work together. Whether you are going through a tough life transition, having relationship issues, or feeling anxious, know that you are not alone or hopeless. I am here to walk with you through whatever season you find yourself in.
I believe in the power and influence that relationships have in shaping who we are and our stories. Therefore, I work from a relational and systemic approach where I seek to understand your multi-storied context and build an open and authentic relationship with you. Your growth and insight are a priority to me and our therapeutic work together. Whether you are going through a tough life transition, having relationship issues, or feeling anxious, know that you are not alone or hopeless. I am here to walk with you through whatever season you find yourself in.
(872) 231-3988 View (872) 231-3988
Photo of Sadaka Whitehead-Smith, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Sadaka Whitehead-Smith
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60637
I enjoy working with teenagers, parents, and young adults who are struggling with stress, trauma, self-esteem, life transitions, and emotional regulation along with depression and anxiety. If someone is open and willing to try new experiences, art therapy can help improve coping skills, solve problems, improve self-awareness, overcome challenges and much more.
I enjoy working with teenagers, parents, and young adults who are struggling with stress, trauma, self-esteem, life transitions, and emotional regulation along with depression and anxiety. If someone is open and willing to try new experiences, art therapy can help improve coping skills, solve problems, improve self-awareness, overcome challenges and much more.
(872) 250-4668 x242 View (872) 250-4668 x242
Photo of Paul V Harris, Psychologist in Chicago, IL
Paul V Harris
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60601
I am a Clinical Psychologist and I work well with individuals and couples who are interested in developing deeper knowledge of themselves, their relationships, and those around them. Together with my clients, I seek to understand each person in order to promote healing and healthier living going forward. Clients who benefit from my method are verbal, insight-oriented, and motivated to grow into the healthiest version of themselves they can become. Clients often come with symptoms such as anxiety or depression, but once they feel some relief they choose to explore the underlying reasons for these symptoms.
I am a Clinical Psychologist and I work well with individuals and couples who are interested in developing deeper knowledge of themselves, their relationships, and those around them. Together with my clients, I seek to understand each person in order to promote healing and healthier living going forward. Clients who benefit from my method are verbal, insight-oriented, and motivated to grow into the healthiest version of themselves they can become. Clients often come with symptoms such as anxiety or depression, but once they feel some relief they choose to explore the underlying reasons for these symptoms.
(312) 973-1884 View (312) 973-1884
Photo of Michael J. Bland, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Michael J. Bland
Counselor, PsyD, DMin, LCPC
Verified Verified
9 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60613
Are you going through a difficult time having more bad days than good ones? Feeling overwhelmed, anxious or depressed? Is your relationship with your partner or spouse struggling? I can help you better understand these situations in your life and create solutions for them. I can help you process and understand your thoughts and feelings. My practical approach entails a therapeutic alliance that is warm, empathic, supportive and interactive. At the core of my work is a belief in an individual's innate capacity to grow and adapt which contributes to lasting improvements and changes in one's overall quality of life.
Are you going through a difficult time having more bad days than good ones? Feeling overwhelmed, anxious or depressed? Is your relationship with your partner or spouse struggling? I can help you better understand these situations in your life and create solutions for them. I can help you process and understand your thoughts and feelings. My practical approach entails a therapeutic alliance that is warm, empathic, supportive and interactive. At the core of my work is a belief in an individual's innate capacity to grow and adapt which contributes to lasting improvements and changes in one's overall quality of life.
(773) 295-7713 View (773) 295-7713
Photo of Alexandra Brooke Mathewes, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Alexandra Brooke Mathewes
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, MEd, LCPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60601  (Online Only)
I work with individuals and couples to address a range of concerns including mood disorders, substance use, eating disorders, cancer and chronic illness and trauma. My specialties include working with lawyers and law students, doctors, first responders and professional executives. I also specialize in working with patients and families going through cancer from onset of diagnosis to end of treatment. My role as a LCPC is to be an objective guide and source of support to the people I am working with; A voice to help clarify goals and make changes that have often felt out of reach. Please email for the fastest response time.
I work with individuals and couples to address a range of concerns including mood disorders, substance use, eating disorders, cancer and chronic illness and trauma. My specialties include working with lawyers and law students, doctors, first responders and professional executives. I also specialize in working with patients and families going through cancer from onset of diagnosis to end of treatment. My role as a LCPC is to be an objective guide and source of support to the people I am working with; A voice to help clarify goals and make changes that have often felt out of reach. Please email for the fastest response time.
(312) 836-5941 View (312) 836-5941
Photo of Sarah Anker, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Sarah Anker
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60647  (Online Only)
Life can be difficult and overwhelming. You don't have to go it alone. Allow me to support you in discovering ways to care for yourself. Where else during our busy weeks are we allowed to focus solely on ourselves? Taking time to care for oneself through therapy can be a deeply comforting experience. Let me know how I can support you and help you discover this experience.
Life can be difficult and overwhelming. You don't have to go it alone. Allow me to support you in discovering ways to care for yourself. Where else during our busy weeks are we allowed to focus solely on ourselves? Taking time to care for oneself through therapy can be a deeply comforting experience. Let me know how I can support you and help you discover this experience.
(773) 313-3398 View (773) 313-3398
Photo of Heather Shannon, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Heather Shannon
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC, CST
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60614
Do you and your partner love each other, but you're not lining up when it comes to sex and intimacy? If sex has become one more thing to cross off the To Do List . . . if one of you has a way lower drive than the other . . . or just wants more passion in your love life . . . reach out and let's talk! When left unchecked, sexual issues can become the elephant in the room and can even lead to the end of the relationship. I know this from personal experience! But, there is so much you can do to diagnose the real issues and get you back on the right track. Sometimes you just need a guide who has been down that road before.
Do you and your partner love each other, but you're not lining up when it comes to sex and intimacy? If sex has become one more thing to cross off the To Do List . . . if one of you has a way lower drive than the other . . . or just wants more passion in your love life . . . reach out and let's talk! When left unchecked, sexual issues can become the elephant in the room and can even lead to the end of the relationship. I know this from personal experience! But, there is so much you can do to diagnose the real issues and get you back on the right track. Sometimes you just need a guide who has been down that road before.
(872) 259-5529 View (872) 259-5529
Photo of Heather Miller, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Heather Miller
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60661  (Online Only)
Seeking therapy is an important decision that shows personal strength and motivation. Therapy can be a reflective, confidential space to explore issues that are important to you, and to pursue goals you have for yourself and your life. I have a deep respect for the strengths you bring to the therapeutic work, and my approach to therapy involves building on these strengths to support you in reaching your goals. I believe strongly in a non-judgmental approach to therapy, and I strive to build emotional safety in our time together to allow space for you to explore important life issues in an authentic way.
Seeking therapy is an important decision that shows personal strength and motivation. Therapy can be a reflective, confidential space to explore issues that are important to you, and to pursue goals you have for yourself and your life. I have a deep respect for the strengths you bring to the therapeutic work, and my approach to therapy involves building on these strengths to support you in reaching your goals. I believe strongly in a non-judgmental approach to therapy, and I strive to build emotional safety in our time together to allow space for you to explore important life issues in an authentic way.
(312) 647-2007 View (312) 647-2007
Photo of Fred Myrick, Pre-Licensed Professional in Chicago, IL
Fred Myrick
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60613
Not accepting new clients
As a therapist, I’m honored to be a part of my client’s process. I see therapy as a collaboration. I partner with a client to create a moment together that promotes healing and growth, and my first goal is to provide a non-judgmental, accepting, and affirming space. I work with a wide variety of adults, of various ages and backgrounds, who want to process sadness, shame, grief, loss, anxiety, and/or manage the myriad of challenges that arise as we walk through life, longing to live as our true self and be known.
As a therapist, I’m honored to be a part of my client’s process. I see therapy as a collaboration. I partner with a client to create a moment together that promotes healing and growth, and my first goal is to provide a non-judgmental, accepting, and affirming space. I work with a wide variety of adults, of various ages and backgrounds, who want to process sadness, shame, grief, loss, anxiety, and/or manage the myriad of challenges that arise as we walk through life, longing to live as our true self and be known.
(773) 345-9720 View (773) 345-9720
Photo of Janine Snyder, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Janine Snyder
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60614
I specialize in working with all ages and strive to create a warm space. I help clients who struggle with anxiety, depression, ADHD, break-ups, family struggles, OCD, self-esteem, and executive functioning struggles. I work to help you feel empowered and respected. Together we will explore struggles, thoughts, feelings, and experiences. I will work in partnership with you to increase coping skills and make sustainable changes to improve your overall quality of life. I use evidence-based techniques from a variety of modalities including solution-focused therapy, CBT, mindfulness, and relational therapy.
I specialize in working with all ages and strive to create a warm space. I help clients who struggle with anxiety, depression, ADHD, break-ups, family struggles, OCD, self-esteem, and executive functioning struggles. I work to help you feel empowered and respected. Together we will explore struggles, thoughts, feelings, and experiences. I will work in partnership with you to increase coping skills and make sustainable changes to improve your overall quality of life. I use evidence-based techniques from a variety of modalities including solution-focused therapy, CBT, mindfulness, and relational therapy.
(872) 278-5585 View (872) 278-5585
Photo of Dr. Kala Taylor-The Psychology Center-Certified Life Coach, Pre-Licensed Professional in Chicago, IL
Dr. Kala Taylor-The Psychology Center-Certified Life Coach
Pre-Licensed Professional, BS, MS, MBA, PsyD
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60643  (Online Only)
Hello! I’m Dr. Kala Taylor ,(She), I currently work private practice with (The Psychology Center) in Chicago. Previously I worked psychotherapy in the State Government Correctional setting under the exempt licensure title Clinical Psychologist/Sr Psych. Inmates under my care have described my therapeutic approach as "nonjudgmental" and "compassionate." My personal experiences have led me to cultivate a deep empathy for all beings. and I’m committed to being (not just inclusive but) welcoming towards “others.” My experience working in mental health has led me to focus on working to help individuals with personal challenges.
Hello! I’m Dr. Kala Taylor ,(She), I currently work private practice with (The Psychology Center) in Chicago. Previously I worked psychotherapy in the State Government Correctional setting under the exempt licensure title Clinical Psychologist/Sr Psych. Inmates under my care have described my therapeutic approach as "nonjudgmental" and "compassionate." My personal experiences have led me to cultivate a deep empathy for all beings. and I’m committed to being (not just inclusive but) welcoming towards “others.” My experience working in mental health has led me to focus on working to help individuals with personal challenges.
(312) 262-4580 View (312) 262-4580
Photo of Estrella Askren-Gonzalez, Pre-Licensed Professional in Chicago, IL
Estrella Askren-Gonzalez
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60601  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
How often have people told you how responsible or mature you were for your age as a child? Maybe you feel highly impacted by others' emotions or reactions. What's it like to consider that these things may have developed as a means to survive chaos, abuse and neglect? We'll work together to embrace what we feel plague us. There's strength and power in all of these things. I work with clients processing childhood trauma + neglect, those looking to improve their relationship with food + their bodies and clients living with intrusive thoughts, panic and obsessive thinking.
How often have people told you how responsible or mature you were for your age as a child? Maybe you feel highly impacted by others' emotions or reactions. What's it like to consider that these things may have developed as a means to survive chaos, abuse and neglect? We'll work together to embrace what we feel plague us. There's strength and power in all of these things. I work with clients processing childhood trauma + neglect, those looking to improve their relationship with food + their bodies and clients living with intrusive thoughts, panic and obsessive thinking.
(224) 243-4193 x1 View (224) 243-4193 x1
Photo of Pamela I. Merino Hernandez, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Pamela I. Merino Hernandez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSW, CTP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60615
I specialize in working with individual and couples to address relational issues, infidelity, dating, breakups, emotional engagement, intimacy, traumatic events and history of abuse. I am bilingual in English and Spanish and I work through a compassionate and trauma-informed lens.
I specialize in working with individual and couples to address relational issues, infidelity, dating, breakups, emotional engagement, intimacy, traumatic events and history of abuse. I am bilingual in English and Spanish and I work through a compassionate and trauma-informed lens.
(773) 923-1028 View (773) 923-1028
Photo of Suzie Thomas, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Suzie Thomas
Counselor, LCPC, ATR-BC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60661  (Online Only)
Current openings... I support clients who are looking to understand themselves better, clarify their values and make strides towards their desired life. I have extensive experience helping clients through eating disorder recovery (including anorexia, bulimia, binge eating, and ARFID), body image concerns, anxiety, grief and loss, and life transitions. I believe change is possible for every individual and that it’s easier to attain with support, skills and encouragement. I value change, curiosity and compassion and strive to provide a non-judgmental space.
Current openings... I support clients who are looking to understand themselves better, clarify their values and make strides towards their desired life. I have extensive experience helping clients through eating disorder recovery (including anorexia, bulimia, binge eating, and ARFID), body image concerns, anxiety, grief and loss, and life transitions. I believe change is possible for every individual and that it’s easier to attain with support, skills and encouragement. I value change, curiosity and compassion and strive to provide a non-judgmental space.
(312) 586-9716 View (312) 586-9716
Photo of Hannah Noel, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Hannah Noel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60611  (Online Only)
Hello! I’m Hannah, a clinical social worker licensed in Illinois with 9 years of experience.
Hello! I’m Hannah, a clinical social worker licensed in Illinois with 9 years of experience.
(872) 250-5473 View (872) 250-5473
Photo of Summer Valentine, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Summer Valentine
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60640
You are a resilient human who has a lot of love for yourself! Here you are, caring for yourself by seeking out therapy. It takes strength and honesty to ask for help. It may be hard to always treat yourself like you love yourself because you may have thoughts that are telling you otherwise. Perhaps there are others in your life that don’t make you feel like you are lovable, valid, and worthy of care (which you are!). Or the weight of the oppressive forces of our society is becoming too heavy for you to hold your head up high on your own. Whatever brought you here, welcome!
You are a resilient human who has a lot of love for yourself! Here you are, caring for yourself by seeking out therapy. It takes strength and honesty to ask for help. It may be hard to always treat yourself like you love yourself because you may have thoughts that are telling you otherwise. Perhaps there are others in your life that don’t make you feel like you are lovable, valid, and worthy of care (which you are!). Or the weight of the oppressive forces of our society is becoming too heavy for you to hold your head up high on your own. Whatever brought you here, welcome!
Photo of Emma Peck-Block, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Emma Peck-Block
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60640
I specialize in helping highly sensitive young women, children, adolescents struggling with perfectionist behaviors, anxiety, sleep, anger, GI concerns and low self worth. Therapy will support you to develop a deeper understanding of yourself and live a more connected, boundaried and fulfilled life. I am collaborative in my approach working with other providers to help you function differently. Therapy with me is dynamic and personalized. I am here to help you explore your lived experience.
I specialize in helping highly sensitive young women, children, adolescents struggling with perfectionist behaviors, anxiety, sleep, anger, GI concerns and low self worth. Therapy will support you to develop a deeper understanding of yourself and live a more connected, boundaried and fulfilled life. I am collaborative in my approach working with other providers to help you function differently. Therapy with me is dynamic and personalized. I am here to help you explore your lived experience.
(773) 896-0704 View (773) 896-0704
Photo of Rachel Collins, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Rachel Collins
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60640
I am a dedicated Licensed Social Worker with a passion for helping individuals, couples and families achieve their mental health and well-being goals. I hold a degree from Michigan State University and have accumulated a wide range of experience in the field of mental health care. My approach to therapy is deeply rooted in evidence-based practices and a client-centered philosophy.
I am a dedicated Licensed Social Worker with a passion for helping individuals, couples and families achieve their mental health and well-being goals. I hold a degree from Michigan State University and have accumulated a wide range of experience in the field of mental health care. My approach to therapy is deeply rooted in evidence-based practices and a client-centered philosophy.
(773) 923-2779 View (773) 923-2779
Photo of Amber Lee, Psychologist in Chicago, IL
Amber Lee
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60602  (Online Only)
I am a licensed clinical neuropsychologist who specializes in neuropsychological evaluations and treatment. I work with patients (18+) who present with various neurological, medical, and/or psychiatric conditions, such as dementia, epilepsy, and ADHD. I also help patients regain confidence and autonomy through cognitive rehabilitation. With cognitive rehabilitation, we will work together to identify areas of cognitive weakness, learn compensatory strategies, retrain skills, adjust and accept new changes, regain confidence, autonomy and self-efficacy, and improve your daily and emotional functioning.
I am a licensed clinical neuropsychologist who specializes in neuropsychological evaluations and treatment. I work with patients (18+) who present with various neurological, medical, and/or psychiatric conditions, such as dementia, epilepsy, and ADHD. I also help patients regain confidence and autonomy through cognitive rehabilitation. With cognitive rehabilitation, we will work together to identify areas of cognitive weakness, learn compensatory strategies, retrain skills, adjust and accept new changes, regain confidence, autonomy and self-efficacy, and improve your daily and emotional functioning.
(312) 467-7686 x108 View (312) 467-7686 x108
Photo of Daniella Gobbo, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Daniella Gobbo
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60601  (Online Only)
Everyone deserves to feel heard and seen. Change is scary. Uncertainty is scary. Each of these though are important for personal development and growth. I have always felt therapy is displaying patience, compassion, empathy and empowerment. I strive to bring these qualities to each session as well as incorporating light-hearted humor, which can go a long way! Rapport building within a client-clinician relationship is important to create a safe and respectful space for self-exploration. It's important to me to collaborate with each person to best support their own goals and wants for therapy, meeting the person wherever they are at.
Everyone deserves to feel heard and seen. Change is scary. Uncertainty is scary. Each of these though are important for personal development and growth. I have always felt therapy is displaying patience, compassion, empathy and empowerment. I strive to bring these qualities to each session as well as incorporating light-hearted humor, which can go a long way! Rapport building within a client-clinician relationship is important to create a safe and respectful space for self-exploration. It's important to me to collaborate with each person to best support their own goals and wants for therapy, meeting the person wherever they are at.
(312) 508-6428 View (312) 508-6428

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Chicago, IL

3,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Chicago, IL who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
79% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
71% Trauma and PTSD
67% Coping Skills
67% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

95% BlueCross and BlueShield
59% Aetna
49% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Chicago, IL see their clients

63% In Person and Online
37% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
18% Male
3% Non-Binary

FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Chicago?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.