Therapists in Chicago, IL

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Karuna Bahadur
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60637
I have been a practicing therapist for over 25 years with extensive experience in treating individuals and couples in short and long term therapy. I have treated with great success patients suffering trauma, emotional and sexual abuse including domestic violence; adjustment, mood and anxiety disorders and problems in relationships with attention to environmental, cultural and psychic factors. My approach is eclectic designed to meet the desires and needs of my patients.
I have been a practicing therapist for over 25 years with extensive experience in treating individuals and couples in short and long term therapy. I have treated with great success patients suffering trauma, emotional and sexual abuse including domestic violence; adjustment, mood and anxiety disorders and problems in relationships with attention to environmental, cultural and psychic factors. My approach is eclectic designed to meet the desires and needs of my patients.
(773) 219-0691 View (773) 219-0691
Photo of Sara Marsha, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Sara Marsha
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, NCC, LPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60642
I have been grounded in supporting Black, Indigenous, and people of color, the LGBTQIA+ community, and other intersectional identities in navigating points of rupture, disconnected desires, and feeling stuck. I strive to create a safe, nurturing, and welcoming therapy space that brings clients closer to their healed self. As an individual and relationship therapist, creating an inclusive environment for gender-affirming, ENM, poly, sex-positive, and BDSM & kink-affirming care is part of my practice.
I have been grounded in supporting Black, Indigenous, and people of color, the LGBTQIA+ community, and other intersectional identities in navigating points of rupture, disconnected desires, and feeling stuck. I strive to create a safe, nurturing, and welcoming therapy space that brings clients closer to their healed self. As an individual and relationship therapist, creating an inclusive environment for gender-affirming, ENM, poly, sex-positive, and BDSM & kink-affirming care is part of my practice.
(773) 985-2669 View (773) 985-2669
Photo of Meghan Ringler, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Meghan Ringler
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60613  (Online Only)
Welcome! Wherever you are in your therapy journey, I’m happy you’ve stumbled to my page. Taking the step to pursue therapy is a big one! It requires vulnerability, uncertainty and most importantly hope! I look forward to walking alongside you in this journey towards meaningful change. Therapy can come in all shapes and sizes, it can be challenging, fun, humorous, emotional and even a bit awkward at times. All of these feelings are allowed and highly encouraged. In our work together, we will work towards relating differently to the difficulties that arise within our complex lives.
Welcome! Wherever you are in your therapy journey, I’m happy you’ve stumbled to my page. Taking the step to pursue therapy is a big one! It requires vulnerability, uncertainty and most importantly hope! I look forward to walking alongside you in this journey towards meaningful change. Therapy can come in all shapes and sizes, it can be challenging, fun, humorous, emotional and even a bit awkward at times. All of these feelings are allowed and highly encouraged. In our work together, we will work towards relating differently to the difficulties that arise within our complex lives.
(872) 259-5257 View (872) 259-5257
Photo of Hannah Cericola, Pre-Licensed Professional in Chicago, IL
Hannah Cericola
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60606
I am a therapist who believes therapy should be an inviting place for clients to feel comfortable in exploring struggles and appreciating strengths. I am passionate about working collaboratively with clients struggling in areas of anxiety and depression, processing trauma, self-esteem issues, challenges in peer/relational relationships, and developing healthy coping skills. My sensitive methods acknowledge vulnerability in discussing matters to improve the client's well-being.
I am a therapist who believes therapy should be an inviting place for clients to feel comfortable in exploring struggles and appreciating strengths. I am passionate about working collaboratively with clients struggling in areas of anxiety and depression, processing trauma, self-esteem issues, challenges in peer/relational relationships, and developing healthy coping skills. My sensitive methods acknowledge vulnerability in discussing matters to improve the client's well-being.
(312) 854-7365 View (312) 854-7365
Photo of Amy Bicknell, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Amy Bicknell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60618  (Online Only)
In this fast paced world you can often feel pressure to be perfect and busy and always performing, This can leave you feeling anxious, depressed, and disconnected from yourself and others. Therapy can offer you a space to reconnect with yourself, without the heavy shame and judgements often collected through life experiences. The greatest joy I receive as a therapist is witnessing a client shed parts of their life that are weighing them down, and that they feel are no longer serving a purpose.
In this fast paced world you can often feel pressure to be perfect and busy and always performing, This can leave you feeling anxious, depressed, and disconnected from yourself and others. Therapy can offer you a space to reconnect with yourself, without the heavy shame and judgements often collected through life experiences. The greatest joy I receive as a therapist is witnessing a client shed parts of their life that are weighing them down, and that they feel are no longer serving a purpose.
(312) 754-1970 View (312) 754-1970
Photo of Amanda Lenvin, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Amanda Lenvin
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
11 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60614
Often times the first step to feeling better is simply the act of being heard and feeling truly understood. I have found continual reward in helping people navigate the most challenging and stressful times of their lives. I strongly believe that the quality of the therapeutic relationship directly effects an individual’s healing process, thus my primary goal is focused on developing and maintaining a safe, open, empathetic and trusting dynamic with each client I work with. I establish this with honesty and transparency, by remaining authentic to my own natural counseling style and through genuine, meaningful interactions.
Often times the first step to feeling better is simply the act of being heard and feeling truly understood. I have found continual reward in helping people navigate the most challenging and stressful times of their lives. I strongly believe that the quality of the therapeutic relationship directly effects an individual’s healing process, thus my primary goal is focused on developing and maintaining a safe, open, empathetic and trusting dynamic with each client I work with. I establish this with honesty and transparency, by remaining authentic to my own natural counseling style and through genuine, meaningful interactions.
(872) 231-3820 View (872) 231-3820
Photo of Doug Paul, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Doug Paul
Counselor, LCPC, LPC, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60611  (Online Only)
I work with a number of different presenting issues including men's issues, anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, life changes, couples and those who are struggling with substance use.
I work with a number of different presenting issues including men's issues, anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, life changes, couples and those who are struggling with substance use.
(872) 267-9600 View (872) 267-9600
Serena Pesch
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60640
Not accepting new clients
Serena is an EMDR Certified Therapist specializing in treating anxiety, depression, CPTSD, PTSD, PTSI, grief, relationship challenges, and life change transitions. Serena uses a psychodynamic approach with an emphasis on integration of emotion, mind, and body experiences through an IFS lens. Serena has 17 years of various experiences in the treatment of trauma, anxiety, dissociation, attachment, grief, relationship challenges, depression, and life change transitions.
Serena is an EMDR Certified Therapist specializing in treating anxiety, depression, CPTSD, PTSD, PTSI, grief, relationship challenges, and life change transitions. Serena uses a psychodynamic approach with an emphasis on integration of emotion, mind, and body experiences through an IFS lens. Serena has 17 years of various experiences in the treatment of trauma, anxiety, dissociation, attachment, grief, relationship challenges, depression, and life change transitions.
(847) 737-3131 View (847) 737-3131
Photo of Nikki Goldwater, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Nikki Goldwater
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, R-PLC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60618  (Online Only)
Becoming the person, parent, partner, and professional you want to be can leave you feeling stressed, overwhelmed, sad, and alone. In a world where there's too much to do and too little time, finding space for yourself can seem impossible. You deserve the same level of care that you generously offer to every other aspect of your life. I provide a nurturing space where you can safely explore and understand your challenges. Whether you're managing anxiety or depression, breaking free from cycles of trauma, struggling with work-life balance, establishing boundaries, or exploring your identity, you don’t have to do it alone.
Becoming the person, parent, partner, and professional you want to be can leave you feeling stressed, overwhelmed, sad, and alone. In a world where there's too much to do and too little time, finding space for yourself can seem impossible. You deserve the same level of care that you generously offer to every other aspect of your life. I provide a nurturing space where you can safely explore and understand your challenges. Whether you're managing anxiety or depression, breaking free from cycles of trauma, struggling with work-life balance, establishing boundaries, or exploring your identity, you don’t have to do it alone.
(773) 985-4242 View (773) 985-4242
Photo of Jewel Spencer in Chicago, IL
Jewel Spencer
LMFT
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60601  (Online Only)
My ideal client is you. I enjoy supporting clients as they work to overcome a variety of presenting issues, steering away from pathology, and meeting them where they are in their process for change. My approach is person-centered, collaborative, and goal-oriented. My clinical interests include communication issues with couples and families, infidelity, substance use, and adults in transition. I am passionate about working with women of color, Black women in particular. My practice is sex-positive, LGTBQ+ and kink-affirming.
My ideal client is you. I enjoy supporting clients as they work to overcome a variety of presenting issues, steering away from pathology, and meeting them where they are in their process for change. My approach is person-centered, collaborative, and goal-oriented. My clinical interests include communication issues with couples and families, infidelity, substance use, and adults in transition. I am passionate about working with women of color, Black women in particular. My practice is sex-positive, LGTBQ+ and kink-affirming.
(773) 923-2060 View (773) 923-2060
Photo of Dori Geil, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Dori Geil
Counselor, MBA, LCPC
Not Verified Not Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60626
I offer coffee, tea, bottled water and talk therapy in a comfortable environment. I offer a place to share your problems, concerns and life issues with a caring therapist who will hold your confidences in a safe space. We can work together in a collaborative environment to resolve personal, professional, emotional, transitional concerns, grief and fears. I am present with you and we'll have an interactive relationship. In addition to talk therapy, I offer EMDR which is a highly effective trauma resolution therapy, for both large and small traumas. Phone, Skype, Home and office appointments available.
I offer coffee, tea, bottled water and talk therapy in a comfortable environment. I offer a place to share your problems, concerns and life issues with a caring therapist who will hold your confidences in a safe space. We can work together in a collaborative environment to resolve personal, professional, emotional, transitional concerns, grief and fears. I am present with you and we'll have an interactive relationship. In addition to talk therapy, I offer EMDR which is a highly effective trauma resolution therapy, for both large and small traumas. Phone, Skype, Home and office appointments available.
(773) 250-6383 View (773) 250-6383
Photo of Amanda Rocheleau, Pre-Licensed Professional in Chicago, IL
Amanda Rocheleau
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60601
As we move through everyday life our emotional experiences, stressors, and past events can impact how we understand the world around us. I hope to help you make the connections between past and present experiences, while empowering you to pull on your strengths and engage in change where you see fit. I focus on the therapeutic relationship to create a space where you feel safe exploring challenging topics and events. Within my relational and humanistic approach, my goal is to help you process and cope with current or past stressors that may be causing distress.
As we move through everyday life our emotional experiences, stressors, and past events can impact how we understand the world around us. I hope to help you make the connections between past and present experiences, while empowering you to pull on your strengths and engage in change where you see fit. I focus on the therapeutic relationship to create a space where you feel safe exploring challenging topics and events. Within my relational and humanistic approach, my goal is to help you process and cope with current or past stressors that may be causing distress.
(312) 561-9428 View (312) 561-9428
Photo of Anabel Martinez, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Anabel Martinez
Counselor, MS, LCPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60637
As you begin your journey in therapy, let me walk you briefly through my journey. I have experience providing services in community-based settings, schools, and hospitals. I am certified as a trauma-informed yoga practitioner and as a Racial Healing Circle practitioner through TRHT. I value the benefit of integrating these practices with therapy to enhance a holistic healing. In my personal and professional life, I value self-care and self-compassion through the practice of mindful body-movement therapy. I am intentional about creating balance and listening to your needs.
As you begin your journey in therapy, let me walk you briefly through my journey. I have experience providing services in community-based settings, schools, and hospitals. I am certified as a trauma-informed yoga practitioner and as a Racial Healing Circle practitioner through TRHT. I value the benefit of integrating these practices with therapy to enhance a holistic healing. In my personal and professional life, I value self-care and self-compassion through the practice of mindful body-movement therapy. I am intentional about creating balance and listening to your needs.
(312) 820-9154 x232 View (312) 820-9154 x232
Photo of Leilani Langdon, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Leilani Langdon
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60607  (Online Only)
It takes courage to seek help, and I understand the bravery it requires to take that first step. If no one has told you yet, let me be the first: you're not alone. With over 15 years of experience, I have had the privilege of supporting individuals through a myriad of challenges including anxiety, depression, stress, grief, anger, postpartum, trauma, marital stress, and stage of life concerns. I believe in the power of a safe space where you can feel seen, understood, and encouraged to explore your unique story.
It takes courage to seek help, and I understand the bravery it requires to take that first step. If no one has told you yet, let me be the first: you're not alone. With over 15 years of experience, I have had the privilege of supporting individuals through a myriad of challenges including anxiety, depression, stress, grief, anger, postpartum, trauma, marital stress, and stage of life concerns. I believe in the power of a safe space where you can feel seen, understood, and encouraged to explore your unique story.
(312) 598-0417 View (312) 598-0417
Photo of Ari Graff, Psychologist in Chicago, IL
Ari Graff
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60641  (Online Only)
Are you a man that feels stuck? Do you need help with confidence, masculinity, marriage/romantic relationships, dating, purpose, leadership, self-discipline, and friendships? Many men feel stuck right now, unsure of what it means to be a man and how to feel good about it. We often get conflicting messages from our parents, our partners, and the broader culture about manhood and masculinity. Many people equate masculinity with toxic masculinity. If you’re struggling to figure out how to be a strong, confident man that is also kind and loving, then coaching or a men’s group may be right for you.
Are you a man that feels stuck? Do you need help with confidence, masculinity, marriage/romantic relationships, dating, purpose, leadership, self-discipline, and friendships? Many men feel stuck right now, unsure of what it means to be a man and how to feel good about it. We often get conflicting messages from our parents, our partners, and the broader culture about manhood and masculinity. Many people equate masculinity with toxic masculinity. If you’re struggling to figure out how to be a strong, confident man that is also kind and loving, then coaching or a men’s group may be right for you.
(708) 377-5209 View (708) 377-5209
Photo of Shaw Xueqi Xiao, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Shaw Xueqi Xiao
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, ATR
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60661  (Online Only)
I'm a licensed art therapist that is dedicated to nurturing culturally attuned care for the Asian and Asian-American communities. At the core of my practice is an unyielding belief in the transformative and healing power of art, a medium that transcends linguistic and cultural barriers, inviting individuals from all walks of life to engage, express, and heal. I've embraced a diverse array of individuals, particularly championing the needs of people of color, immigrants, and minority groups, guiding them towards self-acceptance, gender affirmation, and a profound sense of self-worth.
I'm a licensed art therapist that is dedicated to nurturing culturally attuned care for the Asian and Asian-American communities. At the core of my practice is an unyielding belief in the transformative and healing power of art, a medium that transcends linguistic and cultural barriers, inviting individuals from all walks of life to engage, express, and heal. I've embraced a diverse array of individuals, particularly championing the needs of people of color, immigrants, and minority groups, guiding them towards self-acceptance, gender affirmation, and a profound sense of self-worth.
(312) 313-0705 View (312) 313-0705
Photo of Nicole Lopez, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Chicago, IL
Nicole Lopez
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60611  (Online Only)
What are you looking for in a therapist? Is it a warm and direct approach? A sense of humor? Someone to walk alongside you as you build more authentic and fulfilling relationships to yourself and others? Then you have come to the right place! As a couple and family therapist, I strive to provide a safe and encouraging space for intimate relationships, families, and individuals to process, heal, challenge patterns, explore different ways of thinking… and even enjoy some fun and laughs along the way!
What are you looking for in a therapist? Is it a warm and direct approach? A sense of humor? Someone to walk alongside you as you build more authentic and fulfilling relationships to yourself and others? Then you have come to the right place! As a couple and family therapist, I strive to provide a safe and encouraging space for intimate relationships, families, and individuals to process, heal, challenge patterns, explore different ways of thinking… and even enjoy some fun and laughs along the way!
(872) 278-1788 View (872) 278-1788
Photo of Margaret Kassel, Pre-Licensed Professional in Chicago, IL
Margaret Kassel
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, Intern
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60614  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Do you constantly find yourself trying to give everything to others, only to neglect your own needs? While pleasing the ones we love may feel good at times, being constantly afraid of disappointing others can lead to serious mental health issues like depression and anxiety. Setting boundaries with the people we love can be challenging, but it’s a key path to healthy and nurturing relationships with others and yourself. Through therapy, you can gain the freedom that comes from setting limits without feeling guilty.
Do you constantly find yourself trying to give everything to others, only to neglect your own needs? While pleasing the ones we love may feel good at times, being constantly afraid of disappointing others can lead to serious mental health issues like depression and anxiety. Setting boundaries with the people we love can be challenging, but it’s a key path to healthy and nurturing relationships with others and yourself. Through therapy, you can gain the freedom that comes from setting limits without feeling guilty.
(872) 259-5517 View (872) 259-5517
Photo of Sue Elizabeth Cook, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Sue Elizabeth Cook
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, MS, LAC, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60640  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I currently specialize in supporting neurodivergent and/or queer emerging adults as they navigate the anxieties and stressors of late stage capitalism. I particularly enjoy working with late-diagnosed or self-diagnosed autistic young adults. I also work with trauma survivors, people with chronic illnesses and pain, and LGBTQ2IA emerging adults. I am sex/kink/polyamory-positive, body-neutral, and sex-worker affirming. I strive to acknowledge and to combat the systemic impact of White supremacy, including its relationship to fatphobia, transphobia, and ableism.
I currently specialize in supporting neurodivergent and/or queer emerging adults as they navigate the anxieties and stressors of late stage capitalism. I particularly enjoy working with late-diagnosed or self-diagnosed autistic young adults. I also work with trauma survivors, people with chronic illnesses and pain, and LGBTQ2IA emerging adults. I am sex/kink/polyamory-positive, body-neutral, and sex-worker affirming. I strive to acknowledge and to combat the systemic impact of White supremacy, including its relationship to fatphobia, transphobia, and ableism.
(773) 729-6986 View (773) 729-6986
Photo of Stephanie Galioto, Marriage & Family Therapist in Chicago, IL
Stephanie Galioto
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
7 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60647
There is no greater agony than bearing an untold story inside you - Maya Angelou. Have you ever found yourself stuck within stressful relationships, triggering environments or confusing emotions? That "stuck" feeling can often lead to stagnation in our day to day lives, and uncertainty about the future. I address these struggles by utilizing a holistic, trauma-informed approach, which incorporates body-oriented, anti-oppression and harm reduction practices. These strategies allow me to focus on the strengths already within each client, while also uncovering past wounds that might be limiting growth.
There is no greater agony than bearing an untold story inside you - Maya Angelou. Have you ever found yourself stuck within stressful relationships, triggering environments or confusing emotions? That "stuck" feeling can often lead to stagnation in our day to day lives, and uncertainty about the future. I address these struggles by utilizing a holistic, trauma-informed approach, which incorporates body-oriented, anti-oppression and harm reduction practices. These strategies allow me to focus on the strengths already within each client, while also uncovering past wounds that might be limiting growth.
(312) 635-4882 View (312) 635-4882

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Chicago, IL

3,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Chicago, IL who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
89% Depression
79% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
71% Trauma and PTSD
67% Coping Skills
67% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

95% BlueCross and BlueShield
59% Aetna
49% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Chicago, IL see their clients

63% In Person and Online
37% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
18% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Chicago?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.