Therapists in Lisle, IL

Photo of William Fraser Martin, Psychologist in Lisle, IL
William Fraser Martin
Psychologist, PsyD, MPH, MSc
Verified Verified
Lisle, IL 60532
My focus as a licensed clinical health psychologist and clinical mind/body practitioner is to provide my clients with the awareness, knowledge, skills, tools and support that they need to cope more constructively with stress, experience less anxiety from fears and phobias, feel less pain, and feel more in control. Over the years, I have worked with individuals who have been diagnosed with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), Functional Constipation, Tension Headaches, Recurrent Abdominal Pain, and Phobias. I also work with individuals who are preparing for surgery who require additional guidance to lessen the anxiety associated with surgery and dental procedures.
My focus as a licensed clinical health psychologist and clinical mind/body practitioner is to provide my clients with the awareness, knowledge, skills, tools and support that they need to cope more constructively with stress, experience less anxiety from fears and phobias, feel less pain, and feel more in control. Over the years, I have worked with individuals who have been diagnosed with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), Functional Constipation, Tension Headaches, Recurrent Abdominal Pain, and Phobias. I also work with individuals who are preparing for surgery who require additional guidance to lessen the anxiety associated with surgery and dental procedures.
(331) 204-1751 x202 View (331) 204-1751 x202
Photo of Todd Mokos, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Lisle, IL
Todd Mokos
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Lisle, IL 60532  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
You're reading this because you need an expert who can help you. Mental health issues can be devastating, and so it's critically important that you receive the attention and care that you deserve. Whether you struggle with depression, anxiety, trauma, grief, addiction, high-functioning psychosis, behavioral issues, or other mental health problems, I'm here to help you get back to living the life that's most important to you.
You're reading this because you need an expert who can help you. Mental health issues can be devastating, and so it's critically important that you receive the attention and care that you deserve. Whether you struggle with depression, anxiety, trauma, grief, addiction, high-functioning psychosis, behavioral issues, or other mental health problems, I'm here to help you get back to living the life that's most important to you.
(331) 246-0575 View (331) 246-0575
Photo of John R Brauer, Psychologist in Lisle, IL
John R Brauer
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lisle, IL 60532
My primary specializations are the treatment of anxiety disorders, and performing evaluations and testing for a variety of issues. I enjoy working with families and individuals both and have extensive experience with group therapy. I also do coaching for professional as well as personal issues. I have locations in Lisle IL and Joliet, IL. My work with anxiety is through effective, non-medical interventions based on developing skills for dealing with emotional experiences. I utilize homework, reading and skill development to accelerate the client's progress and assist them in feeling better sooner.
My primary specializations are the treatment of anxiety disorders, and performing evaluations and testing for a variety of issues. I enjoy working with families and individuals both and have extensive experience with group therapy. I also do coaching for professional as well as personal issues. I have locations in Lisle IL and Joliet, IL. My work with anxiety is through effective, non-medical interventions based on developing skills for dealing with emotional experiences. I utilize homework, reading and skill development to accelerate the client's progress and assist them in feeling better sooner.
(630) 733-1155 View (630) 733-1155
Photo of Kimberly Foster, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Lisle, IL
Kimberly Foster
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Lisle, IL 60532
Hello and welcome! Something has brought you here. It is with that curiosity that I am best able to help. I hope that as you read this, you feel encouraged to pursue therapy. My therapeutic approach is integrative. My style is supportive and interactive. Collaboration with my clients is core to my work. I collaborate with each client throughout the therapeutic process to create a space that is compassionate and comfortable. I have a great capacity to meet someone in their present state yet guide them through emotional constraints, stress and vulnerability without judgement.
Hello and welcome! Something has brought you here. It is with that curiosity that I am best able to help. I hope that as you read this, you feel encouraged to pursue therapy. My therapeutic approach is integrative. My style is supportive and interactive. Collaboration with my clients is core to my work. I collaborate with each client throughout the therapeutic process to create a space that is compassionate and comfortable. I have a great capacity to meet someone in their present state yet guide them through emotional constraints, stress and vulnerability without judgement.
(331) 244-2116 View (331) 244-2116
Photo of Travis Satterlee, Counselor in Lisle, IL
Travis Satterlee
Counselor, LCPC, CADC
Verified Verified
Lisle, IL 60532
My professional experience as a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor (LCPC) and Certified Alcohol and Drug Counselor (CADC) include providing therapy for children, adolescents, and adults in individual, couple, family, and group settings. My experience expands from working as a trainer and facilitator for the PREPARE/ENRICH premarital and marital assessment to guiding families through the challenges of foster care and blended families. My approach to therapy is solutions-focused and includes cognitive behavioral therapy and family systems therapy.
My professional experience as a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor (LCPC) and Certified Alcohol and Drug Counselor (CADC) include providing therapy for children, adolescents, and adults in individual, couple, family, and group settings. My experience expands from working as a trainer and facilitator for the PREPARE/ENRICH premarital and marital assessment to guiding families through the challenges of foster care and blended families. My approach to therapy is solutions-focused and includes cognitive behavioral therapy and family systems therapy.
(331) 259-8417 View (331) 259-8417
Photo of Lara Govendo, Pre-Licensed Professional in Lisle, IL
Lara Govendo
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Lisle, IL 60532  (Online Only)
There are many individuals who, at some point in their lives, will experience trauma. Often causing a myriad of ripple effects, trauma occurs in different ways for each person- such as depression, anxiety, co-dependency, negative self-image, and unhealthy family dynamics/relationships. Whether it stems from childhood, medical or mental health struggles, relationships, or specific events, there are various origins of trauma in our stories. I have experience walking alongside individuals to uncover how trauma changes one's mindset to aid them in getting to the root of unhealthy thought patterns and behaviors.
There are many individuals who, at some point in their lives, will experience trauma. Often causing a myriad of ripple effects, trauma occurs in different ways for each person- such as depression, anxiety, co-dependency, negative self-image, and unhealthy family dynamics/relationships. Whether it stems from childhood, medical or mental health struggles, relationships, or specific events, there are various origins of trauma in our stories. I have experience walking alongside individuals to uncover how trauma changes one's mindset to aid them in getting to the root of unhealthy thought patterns and behaviors.
(331) 260-0680 x714 View (331) 260-0680 x714
Photo of Dave Laurich, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Lisle, IL
Dave Laurich
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Lisle, IL 60532
Dave Laurich is a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Illinois who has been practicing since 2018. He has a Masters of Arts in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Lewis University and a Bachelors of Arts in Psychology from Lewis University. Dave offers genuine authenticity and impeccable veracity to any number of complex issues. He is always willing to meet the client where they are. Dave provides diligent respect to all presenting issues. Outside of work, Dave enjoys creating art using oil pastels.
Dave Laurich is a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Illinois who has been practicing since 2018. He has a Masters of Arts in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Lewis University and a Bachelors of Arts in Psychology from Lewis University. Dave offers genuine authenticity and impeccable veracity to any number of complex issues. He is always willing to meet the client where they are. Dave provides diligent respect to all presenting issues. Outside of work, Dave enjoys creating art using oil pastels.
(331) 246-0398 View (331) 246-0398
Photo of Philip M Martinez, Counselor in Lisle, IL
Philip M Martinez
Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
Lisle, IL 60532
The clients that I work with tend to be those who recognize a change is needed in their life or have heard from enough reliable sources to cause them to question the need for change in their lives. I equally enjoy working with both adolescents and adults. I have found a great deal of satisfaction working with teenagers and the unique problems they face growing up in today's world. I also have special interest in working with individuals and families whose lives have been affected by addiction or substance abuse as well as survivors of suicide.
The clients that I work with tend to be those who recognize a change is needed in their life or have heard from enough reliable sources to cause them to question the need for change in their lives. I equally enjoy working with both adolescents and adults. I have found a great deal of satisfaction working with teenagers and the unique problems they face growing up in today's world. I also have special interest in working with individuals and families whose lives have been affected by addiction or substance abuse as well as survivors of suicide.
(630) 557-6651 View (630) 557-6651
Photo of Merry F Walensa, Counselor in Lisle, IL
Merry F Walensa
Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
Lisle, IL 60532  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
For 16 years my work encompasses helping my clients to use their own coping skills to begin new ways of seeing themselves and learning how they would like to make changes in life from within themselves. Using an integrative approach of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Spirituality, Solution focused and Motivational Suggestive Therapy as a function of living your life fully and authentically, anyone can begin Positive Change Now. Learning to not be attached to past experiences and methods, you find your own new ways of experiencing your journey that is born of curiosity and wanting to learn more about yourself. Empowerment is the key.
For 16 years my work encompasses helping my clients to use their own coping skills to begin new ways of seeing themselves and learning how they would like to make changes in life from within themselves. Using an integrative approach of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Spirituality, Solution focused and Motivational Suggestive Therapy as a function of living your life fully and authentically, anyone can begin Positive Change Now. Learning to not be attached to past experiences and methods, you find your own new ways of experiencing your journey that is born of curiosity and wanting to learn more about yourself. Empowerment is the key.
(630) 576-9750 View (630) 576-9750
Photo of Adedoyin David, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lisle, IL
Adedoyin David
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Not Verified Not Verified
Lisle, IL 60532
Adedoyin E. David is a Licensed Professional Counselor, who has been practicing since 2018. She graduated from DePaul University with a Masters of Education degree in Community Counseling. Adedoyin utilizes Person Centered Therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Solution Focused Therapy, Mindfulness and relaxation Techniques. Her approach to therapy is eclectic as no one person is the same.
Adedoyin E. David is a Licensed Professional Counselor, who has been practicing since 2018. She graduated from DePaul University with a Masters of Education degree in Community Counseling. Adedoyin utilizes Person Centered Therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Solution Focused Therapy, Mindfulness and relaxation Techniques. Her approach to therapy is eclectic as no one person is the same.
(331) 702-9629 View (331) 702-9629
Photo of Sheila Adamo, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Lisle, IL
Sheila Adamo
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, CADC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Lisle, IL 60532
I enjoy empowering people of all ages to create a unique path that will accentuate their strengths while also providing support and space to address any obstacles that may block their progress. Finding one’s voice and having the confidence and knowledge to guide you in becoming an authentic individual is both a challenging and enriching process that I would feel honored to participate in with you. Whether you have a young child just starting this journey or have many different life experiences, I believe that investing in yourself through therapy, self-care, and introspection will lead to a much happier and authentic life. ​
I enjoy empowering people of all ages to create a unique path that will accentuate their strengths while also providing support and space to address any obstacles that may block their progress. Finding one’s voice and having the confidence and knowledge to guide you in becoming an authentic individual is both a challenging and enriching process that I would feel honored to participate in with you. Whether you have a young child just starting this journey or have many different life experiences, I believe that investing in yourself through therapy, self-care, and introspection will lead to a much happier and authentic life. ​
(331) 210-9673 x713 View (331) 210-9673 x713
Photo of Laura A Clay, Counselor in Lisle, IL
Laura A Clay
Counselor, LCPC, ATR, EMDR
Verified Verified
9 Endorsed
Lisle, IL 60532
Sick of dating jerks? Are you afraid of missing the red flags? I specialize in helping women heal from narcissistic and emotionally abusive relationships. These toxic relationships lead to self doubt, negative self talk and a lost sense of self. Isn't it time to find confidence, heal from the past and learn to love yourself so that you can have healthy relationships? Therapy can help you find ways to find relief so that you can be more in control of your life. My passion is helping my clients truly believe they are good enough and deserve more! Is it possible. There is light at the end of the tunnel.
Sick of dating jerks? Are you afraid of missing the red flags? I specialize in helping women heal from narcissistic and emotionally abusive relationships. These toxic relationships lead to self doubt, negative self talk and a lost sense of self. Isn't it time to find confidence, heal from the past and learn to love yourself so that you can have healthy relationships? Therapy can help you find ways to find relief so that you can be more in control of your life. My passion is helping my clients truly believe they are good enough and deserve more! Is it possible. There is light at the end of the tunnel.
(630) 313-4986 View (630) 313-4986
Photo of Dawn Spahr, Counselor in Lisle, IL
Dawn Spahr
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lisle, IL 60532
“Our greatest need is to be seen.” Marianne Williamson. My goal as a counselor is to be someone who sees and understands. We are all individuals and have many complexities. Our needs and struggles are unique.
“Our greatest need is to be seen.” Marianne Williamson. My goal as a counselor is to be someone who sees and understands. We are all individuals and have many complexities. Our needs and struggles are unique.
(331) 259-8653 View (331) 259-8653
Photo of Kaitlin Block, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Lisle, IL
Kaitlin Block
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lisle, IL 60532
Life is a little less hard when someone really sees and hears you. I want to provide a comfortable space for you to be vulnerable and open, and for you to feel really heard and seen. Professionally I have a background in social work. I utilize approaches from psychodynamic, cognitive-based, solution-focused, narrative, and creative therapy, I focus on forming a genuine connection and working together to discover whatever life you wish to live. You know yourself best, and it will be my honor to use my professional training in order for you to get the most out of our work together.
Life is a little less hard when someone really sees and hears you. I want to provide a comfortable space for you to be vulnerable and open, and for you to feel really heard and seen. Professionally I have a background in social work. I utilize approaches from psychodynamic, cognitive-based, solution-focused, narrative, and creative therapy, I focus on forming a genuine connection and working together to discover whatever life you wish to live. You know yourself best, and it will be my honor to use my professional training in order for you to get the most out of our work together.
(331) 871-7013 View (331) 871-7013
Photo of Robyn Norman, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Lisle, IL
Robyn Norman
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC, CADC, BCC
Verified Verified
Lisle, IL 60532
Do you feel stuck and hear yourself saying things like "I've always been this way, it's too late"; "I can't say no"; "There's something wrong with me"; "They'll think I'm selfish"? Together we'll look at beliefs that may be preventing you from experiencing the life you want. I serve as a guide, helping you to clarify your values and goals, identify barriers, and maximize your strengths. You'll practice the skills of observing and accepting yourself, while generating options and making decisions in line with your values and what matters most to you.
Do you feel stuck and hear yourself saying things like "I've always been this way, it's too late"; "I can't say no"; "There's something wrong with me"; "They'll think I'm selfish"? Together we'll look at beliefs that may be preventing you from experiencing the life you want. I serve as a guide, helping you to clarify your values and goals, identify barriers, and maximize your strengths. You'll practice the skills of observing and accepting yourself, while generating options and making decisions in line with your values and what matters most to you.
(630) 672-0467 View (630) 672-0467
Photo of Gary Michelsen, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Lisle, IL
Gary Michelsen
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Lisle, IL 60532
therapy, he helps empower others to build upon their strengths and develop skills to enhance their interpersonal relationships and quality of life. While he offers Telehealth appointments, Gary is available for, and much prefers, in-person sessions. Gary earned an MA from Concordia University, and has BA degrees in both psychology and sociology. With over 20 years of experience, Gary worked with individuals, couples, and families in a variety of settings, including schools, hospitals, residential placements, private homes, and social service agencies.
therapy, he helps empower others to build upon their strengths and develop skills to enhance their interpersonal relationships and quality of life. While he offers Telehealth appointments, Gary is available for, and much prefers, in-person sessions. Gary earned an MA from Concordia University, and has BA degrees in both psychology and sociology. With over 20 years of experience, Gary worked with individuals, couples, and families in a variety of settings, including schools, hospitals, residential placements, private homes, and social service agencies.
(331) 241-7858 View (331) 241-7858
Photo of Melissa Sogavo, Pre-Licensed Professional in Lisle, IL
Melissa Sogavo
Pre-Licensed Professional, LPC, MA, ATR
Verified Verified
Lisle, IL 60532
By leading with tenderness & vulnerability, I meet people in their struggle, eye to eye. Together, we work to get your feet on solid ground so you can thrive in the everyday hustle of work & family life and reach your goals. I help empower clients to find their growth mindset & fill in the gaps where practical skills & tools are needed. Working with me is not for the faint of heart. It takes work to change the things we don’t like about ourselves. It takes grit to face obstacles that stand in the way. It takes courage to face trauma and build resilience. And I believe every human being is worth it.
By leading with tenderness & vulnerability, I meet people in their struggle, eye to eye. Together, we work to get your feet on solid ground so you can thrive in the everyday hustle of work & family life and reach your goals. I help empower clients to find their growth mindset & fill in the gaps where practical skills & tools are needed. Working with me is not for the faint of heart. It takes work to change the things we don’t like about ourselves. It takes grit to face obstacles that stand in the way. It takes courage to face trauma and build resilience. And I believe every human being is worth it.
(331) 259-8654 x712 View (331) 259-8654 x712
Photo of Sang Meong Lee, Counselor in Lisle, IL
Sang Meong Lee
Counselor, LCPC, BC-DMT, GLCMA
Verified Verified
Lisle, IL 60532
Comprehensive Treatment, Convenient Hours, and Responsive Care: As one of patients, you will receive an individually tailored treatment plan informed by both my understanding of your symptoms and your essential input. I offer a safe and confidential environment along with flexible office hours to cater to your ongoing treatment needs.
Comprehensive Treatment, Convenient Hours, and Responsive Care: As one of patients, you will receive an individually tailored treatment plan informed by both my understanding of your symptoms and your essential input. I offer a safe and confidential environment along with flexible office hours to cater to your ongoing treatment needs.
(708) 231-0521 View (708) 231-0521
Photo of Contemporary Wellness, LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Lisle, IL
Contemporary Wellness, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CADC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lisle, IL 60532
“Never give up on someone with a mental illness. When “I” is replaced by “We”, illness becomes wellness” Shannon L Alder. The stress from everyday life can be overwhelming for people of any age, and it can come from a surprising number of sources. Prolonged stress can lead to depression and anxiety, and we may not be sure where it’s coming from or what to do about it. If you are feeling hesitant about starting therapy, know that asking for help is a sign of strength and not weakness.
“Never give up on someone with a mental illness. When “I” is replaced by “We”, illness becomes wellness” Shannon L Alder. The stress from everyday life can be overwhelming for people of any age, and it can come from a surprising number of sources. Prolonged stress can lead to depression and anxiety, and we may not be sure where it’s coming from or what to do about it. If you are feeling hesitant about starting therapy, know that asking for help is a sign of strength and not weakness.
(872) 259-4512 View (872) 259-4512
Photo of Katherine Ricamato, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lisle, IL
Katherine Ricamato
Licensed Professional Counselor, MAAT, LPC
Verified Verified
Lisle, IL 60532
Hello! My name is Katie Ricamato, and I am a Licensed Professional Counselor with a Master’s in Art Therapy. I am also training to become an EMDR therapist. Have you found that words have failed you? That you feel misunderstood? That the past is making its way into the present? Or that you would like to learn a different way to express yourself emotionally, but do not know where to start? Counseling, expressive art as therapy, and EMDR may be for you! My clinical work focuses on seeing creativity as a tool for healing and facing past trauma, which has helped my clients look at life and themselves through a different lens.
Hello! My name is Katie Ricamato, and I am a Licensed Professional Counselor with a Master’s in Art Therapy. I am also training to become an EMDR therapist. Have you found that words have failed you? That you feel misunderstood? That the past is making its way into the present? Or that you would like to learn a different way to express yourself emotionally, but do not know where to start? Counseling, expressive art as therapy, and EMDR may be for you! My clinical work focuses on seeing creativity as a tool for healing and facing past trauma, which has helped my clients look at life and themselves through a different lens.
(331) 259-8762 View (331) 259-8762

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Lisle, IL

100+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Lisle, IL who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
93% Depression
76% Relationship Issues
69% Grief
66% Trauma and PTSD
65% Self Esteem
64% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

13 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

96% BlueCross and BlueShield
70% Aetna
69% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Lisle, IL see their clients

91% In Person and Online
9% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
18% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Lisle?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.