Photo of Tess Rafferty, Marriage & Family Therapist in 10011, NY
Tess Rafferty
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10011  (Online Only)
I use an integrated approach that honors my foundation in Family Systems Theory.
When so much feels uncertain, I am here to help you find your way from fatigue and overwhelm to peace and acceptance. The dedicated time and space of our sessions and a safe, non-judgmental therapeutic relationship will support you in creating the fulfilling relationships and experiences you are longing for. I bring my background as a mindful-living coach to my work as a therapist, and I love to support clients who are seeking to cultivate more compassion for themselves and within their relationships. I believe that everyone can benefit from therapy, no matter what is currently taking center stage in their lives.
I use an integrated approach that honors my foundation in Family Systems Theory.
When so much feels uncertain, I am here to help you find your way from fatigue and overwhelm to peace and acceptance. The dedicated time and space of our sessions and a safe, non-judgmental therapeutic relationship will support you in creating the fulfilling relationships and experiences you are longing for. I bring my background as a mindful-living coach to my work as a therapist, and I love to support clients who are seeking to cultivate more compassion for themselves and within their relationships. I believe that everyone can benefit from therapy, no matter what is currently taking center stage in their lives.
(646) 681-5802 View (646) 681-5802
Photo of Diane Fremont, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 10011, NY
Diane Fremont
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10011
What makes an authentic life? How do we create a meaningful existence, while making our way through the unexpected twists and turns in our path? As an engaged and compassionate psychotherapist, I will companion you in navigating major life transitions, relationships, identity issues, family, career conflicts or creative blocks. We will identify and shift long-standing patterns that no longer serve growth, while working together to reduce symptoms that prevent you from living a fulfilling life. Disruptive patterns and symptoms also carry the seeds for change if we listen carefully and connect with their deeper currents of meaning.
What makes an authentic life? How do we create a meaningful existence, while making our way through the unexpected twists and turns in our path? As an engaged and compassionate psychotherapist, I will companion you in navigating major life transitions, relationships, identity issues, family, career conflicts or creative blocks. We will identify and shift long-standing patterns that no longer serve growth, while working together to reduce symptoms that prevent you from living a fulfilling life. Disruptive patterns and symptoms also carry the seeds for change if we listen carefully and connect with their deeper currents of meaning.
(646) 759-2409 View (646) 759-2409
Photo of Claudia Maisch, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 10011, NY
Claudia Maisch
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
New York, NY 10011
I pull from various modalities, such as psychodynamic and internal family systems.
My clients are deep thinkers and deep feelers. They are often burdened by injustice at large and overwhelmed by their inner world of emotion. If you’ve ever been told that you “overthink” things or you’re “too sensitive,” I want to offer you support and encouragement. There’s nothing wrong with being empathic and attuned to the suffering around you. It may be challenging, but it is a strength.
I pull from various modalities, such as psychodynamic and internal family systems.
My clients are deep thinkers and deep feelers. They are often burdened by injustice at large and overwhelmed by their inner world of emotion. If you’ve ever been told that you “overthink” things or you’re “too sensitive,” I want to offer you support and encouragement. There’s nothing wrong with being empathic and attuned to the suffering around you. It may be challenging, but it is a strength.
(347) 836-5334 View (347) 836-5334
Photo of Jaclyn Vasaturo, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 10011, NY
Jaclyn Vasaturo
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, RYT
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10011  (Online Only)
Recognizing the important of our holistic wellness including our mental, emotional, spiritual and physical health is an impactful and admirable undertaking. Utilizing a mindfulness, strengths-based and solution focused approach, I work with folks from as young as age 5 through adulthood to process emotional reactions, identify their roots and plan for management and implementation of healthy and effective coping skills. In individual, couple or family settings, we will work together to identify needs and expand on strengths to best support you and your network of support, meeting those needs and allowing for relief.
Recognizing the important of our holistic wellness including our mental, emotional, spiritual and physical health is an impactful and admirable undertaking. Utilizing a mindfulness, strengths-based and solution focused approach, I work with folks from as young as age 5 through adulthood to process emotional reactions, identify their roots and plan for management and implementation of healthy and effective coping skills. In individual, couple or family settings, we will work together to identify needs and expand on strengths to best support you and your network of support, meeting those needs and allowing for relief.
(347) 934-8157 View (347) 934-8157
Photo of Liz Gaeta, Counselor in 10011, NY
Liz Gaeta
Counselor, LMHC, NCC
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10011
Waitlist for new clients
I work with a broad spectrum of issues, including relationship and family conflict, anxiety and mood disorders, professional burnout, LGBTQ+ concerns, trauma and stress disorders, and other difficulties.
My goal as a therapist is to create a comfortable, nonjudgmental environment that allows you to identify and explore whatever thoughts, feelings, or concerns you find yourself facing. My style is collaborative, warm, humorous, and interactive, which allows me to quickly establish a supportive and strong relationship with clients. Together we will identify goals that focus on your wellbeing, seek to create the changes you want, and help you to live a happier, more balanced life.
I work with a broad spectrum of issues, including relationship and family conflict, anxiety and mood disorders, professional burnout, LGBTQ+ concerns, trauma and stress disorders, and other difficulties.
My goal as a therapist is to create a comfortable, nonjudgmental environment that allows you to identify and explore whatever thoughts, feelings, or concerns you find yourself facing. My style is collaborative, warm, humorous, and interactive, which allows me to quickly establish a supportive and strong relationship with clients. Together we will identify goals that focus on your wellbeing, seek to create the changes you want, and help you to live a happier, more balanced life.
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Photo of Tamara Turner, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 10011, NY
Tamara Turner
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
New York, NY 10011  (Online Only)
Some of the concerns we seek to address include identity, career, conflict with family, relationships, trauma, substance use, illness, grief, death & dying.
You have everything you need. You possess abundant resources that are available to support you, within you. I believe therapy is relational alchemy and provides a mechanism for harnessing resources. As a therapist and clinical consultant, I provide a space for connection and healing with people who want to be active participants in their personal growth. I see myself as a partner and collaborator in our work together. I will support you to develop trust in yourself and gain clarity about how you want to live.
Some of the concerns we seek to address include identity, career, conflict with family, relationships, trauma, substance use, illness, grief, death & dying.
You have everything you need. You possess abundant resources that are available to support you, within you. I believe therapy is relational alchemy and provides a mechanism for harnessing resources. As a therapist and clinical consultant, I provide a space for connection and healing with people who want to be active participants in their personal growth. I see myself as a partner and collaborator in our work together. I will support you to develop trust in yourself and gain clarity about how you want to live.
(646) 798-9372 View (646) 798-9372
Photo of Dr. Tania F Coiner, Psychologist in 10011, NY
Dr. Tania F Coiner
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10011
I am trained as a psychodynamic therapist and also often integrate Internal Family Systems (IFS).
Often people enter therapy frustrated and confused about parts of themselves acting in ways they don't understand. Why can’t I stop drinking? Why am I eating when I am not hungry? Why am having trouble ending a relationship? Why am I bored and unfulfilled? I believe that without extending curiosity towards the parts of ourselves seem to stand in our own way, we will remain stuck. Our frustration and confusion is often internal, not external, and learning how to understand oneself through therapy can often lead to increased clarity, presence, and connection with oneself and others.
I am trained as a psychodynamic therapist and also often integrate Internal Family Systems (IFS).
Often people enter therapy frustrated and confused about parts of themselves acting in ways they don't understand. Why can’t I stop drinking? Why am I eating when I am not hungry? Why am having trouble ending a relationship? Why am I bored and unfulfilled? I believe that without extending curiosity towards the parts of ourselves seem to stand in our own way, we will remain stuck. Our frustration and confusion is often internal, not external, and learning how to understand oneself through therapy can often lead to increased clarity, presence, and connection with oneself and others.
(646) 734-6246 View (646) 734-6246
Photo of Dahlia Mayerson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 10011, NY
Dahlia Mayerson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10011  (Online Only)
For most of us, anxiety and stress can inhibit our ability to be fully present. Sometimes, all it takes is a new perspective to find the clarity to create a new reality, build fulfilling relationships, and grow into the best version of yourself. I help women experiencing stress, anxiety, and self doubt to overcome life’s challenges and create healthy relationships. Navigating friendships, dating, and changing family dynamics can be a roller coaster in your 20s and 30s—a time where you might grow apart from old friends, experience roommate conflicts, explore intimacy for the first time, or get clear on what you want out of life.
For most of us, anxiety and stress can inhibit our ability to be fully present. Sometimes, all it takes is a new perspective to find the clarity to create a new reality, build fulfilling relationships, and grow into the best version of yourself. I help women experiencing stress, anxiety, and self doubt to overcome life’s challenges and create healthy relationships. Navigating friendships, dating, and changing family dynamics can be a roller coaster in your 20s and 30s—a time where you might grow apart from old friends, experience roommate conflicts, explore intimacy for the first time, or get clear on what you want out of life.
(914) 252-3934 View (914) 252-3934
Photo of Judith L Kurzer, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 10011, NY
Judith L Kurzer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10011  (Online Only)
I am a highly experienced licensed psychotherapist, certified hypnotherapist, and Somatic Experiencing Practitioner. For over 25 years, I have helped clients to achieve goals, resolve issues, overcome obstacles, and heal. Originally trained psychoanalytically, I use the most contemporary mind/body techniques, including clinical hypnosis, and somatic experiencing to achieve the best results. I specialize in a broad range of issues, including anxiety, panic, phobias, and depression. Many of my clients have family or relationship issues, medical issues, employment issues, and/or a history of neglect, abuse, and trauma.
I am a highly experienced licensed psychotherapist, certified hypnotherapist, and Somatic Experiencing Practitioner. For over 25 years, I have helped clients to achieve goals, resolve issues, overcome obstacles, and heal. Originally trained psychoanalytically, I use the most contemporary mind/body techniques, including clinical hypnosis, and somatic experiencing to achieve the best results. I specialize in a broad range of issues, including anxiety, panic, phobias, and depression. Many of my clients have family or relationship issues, medical issues, employment issues, and/or a history of neglect, abuse, and trauma.
(646) 600-5038 View (646) 600-5038
Photo of Yanli Liang, Psychologist in 10011, NY
Yanli Liang
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10011  (Online Only)
I provide individual, couples, family, and group therapy.
Life can be difficult at times. People could feel "dissatisfied with life," or "unfulfilled," despite the efforts. Collaborating with a skilled psychotherapist could help a person or a couple identify and break the maladaptive patterns, make positive changes, and experience more happiness and freedom. I am a bilingual (Chinese & English) psychologist with over 19 years of training and experience. I adopt an integrative style, blending elements of Psychodynamic, Interpersonal, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), and Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT) through the lens of attachment and culture.
I provide individual, couples, family, and group therapy.
Life can be difficult at times. People could feel "dissatisfied with life," or "unfulfilled," despite the efforts. Collaborating with a skilled psychotherapist could help a person or a couple identify and break the maladaptive patterns, make positive changes, and experience more happiness and freedom. I am a bilingual (Chinese & English) psychologist with over 19 years of training and experience. I adopt an integrative style, blending elements of Psychodynamic, Interpersonal, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), and Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT) through the lens of attachment and culture.
(646) 846-9712 View (646) 846-9712
Photo of Joanna Kaminski, Marriage & Family Therapist in 10011, NY
Joanna Kaminski
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10011
My approach begins with a focus on the strengths of the couple, family, or individual.
Disappointment, failure, loss, frustration, anger and sadness are unavoidable aspects of human existence. The past cannot be rewritten. But the way in which we choose to come to terms with the past - as either members of a familial unit, a couple, or an individual - will go a long way towards determining our happiness in the present. I bring a warm, compassionate, non-judgmental approach to my work that arises out of my deeply held conviction that the most important determinant of therapeutic success will be the therapeutic alliance between patient and therapist.
My approach begins with a focus on the strengths of the couple, family, or individual.
Disappointment, failure, loss, frustration, anger and sadness are unavoidable aspects of human existence. The past cannot be rewritten. But the way in which we choose to come to terms with the past - as either members of a familial unit, a couple, or an individual - will go a long way towards determining our happiness in the present. I bring a warm, compassionate, non-judgmental approach to my work that arises out of my deeply held conviction that the most important determinant of therapeutic success will be the therapeutic alliance between patient and therapist.
(646) 845-9724 View (646) 845-9724
Photo of Shayna Lebovic, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 10011, NY
Shayna Lebovic
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, CFLE, LCSW, LMSW, LSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10011  (Online Only)
I am a LCSW and a Certified Family Life Educator.
My specialty for the past 10+ years has focused on children, adolescents, and young adults. Whether you are dealing with a trauma, having intense feelings of anxiety or sadness, struggling with self-esteem, having challenges with adjustment, difficulties in school, or conflict in relationships, together we will explore the thoughts and feelings that feel overwhelming and work towards personal growth and empowerment.
I am a LCSW and a Certified Family Life Educator.
My specialty for the past 10+ years has focused on children, adolescents, and young adults. Whether you are dealing with a trauma, having intense feelings of anxiety or sadness, struggling with self-esteem, having challenges with adjustment, difficulties in school, or conflict in relationships, together we will explore the thoughts and feelings that feel overwhelming and work towards personal growth and empowerment.
(332) 239-7755 View (332) 239-7755
Photo of Dr. Angela Kang, Psychologist in 10011, NY
Dr. Angela Kang
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10011  (Online Only)
I draw from a psychodynamic, cognitive-behavioral, family systems, and emotion-focused framework, but overall value the therapeutic relationship, characterized by non-judgment and genuineness, as a source of healing.
I believe that everyone should have the opportunity to engage in self-reflection at some moment in their lives, whether they are transitioning through a phase or struggling with the daily stressors of everyday life that impact well-being. I envision therapy as a collaborative process between therapist and client in which individuals, through guidance and introspection, can reach the best versions of themselves and develop meaningful relationships, self-fulfillment, and mastery over past and present challenges. I hold a multicultural lens with all clients I encounter and recognize the impact of race, ethnicity, and social context.
I draw from a psychodynamic, cognitive-behavioral, family systems, and emotion-focused framework, but overall value the therapeutic relationship, characterized by non-judgment and genuineness, as a source of healing.
I believe that everyone should have the opportunity to engage in self-reflection at some moment in their lives, whether they are transitioning through a phase or struggling with the daily stressors of everyday life that impact well-being. I envision therapy as a collaborative process between therapist and client in which individuals, through guidance and introspection, can reach the best versions of themselves and develop meaningful relationships, self-fulfillment, and mastery over past and present challenges. I hold a multicultural lens with all clients I encounter and recognize the impact of race, ethnicity, and social context.
(914) 354-3147 View (914) 354-3147
Photo of Taedra Pedonti, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 10011, NY
Taedra Pedonti
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
New York, NY 10011
I am a Columbia University trained Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) providing individual, group, family/couples therapy at MindWell NYC. I specializes in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), with a particular interest in working with adolescents and adults who may be experiencing depression, anxiety, trauma or struggling to manage their emotions.
I am a Columbia University trained Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) providing individual, group, family/couples therapy at MindWell NYC. I specializes in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), with a particular interest in working with adolescents and adults who may be experiencing depression, anxiety, trauma or struggling to manage their emotions.
(646) 809-5440 x562 View (646) 809-5440 x562
Photo of Ellie Becker, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 10011, NY
Ellie Becker
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MA
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10011
My treatment approach incorporates relational, play-based models of therapy that address the goals and needs of the family.
I specialize in working with young children and their caregivers who are experiencing a variety of behavioral and developmental challenges resulting from trauma, autism spectrum disorders, depression, anxiety and other social-emotional concerns. I work closely with caregivers to help understand the underlying problems in order to find strategies to address the challenges they are facing.
My treatment approach incorporates relational, play-based models of therapy that address the goals and needs of the family.
I specialize in working with young children and their caregivers who are experiencing a variety of behavioral and developmental challenges resulting from trauma, autism spectrum disorders, depression, anxiety and other social-emotional concerns. I work closely with caregivers to help understand the underlying problems in order to find strategies to address the challenges they are facing.
(646) 490-9246 View (646) 490-9246
Photo of Dr. Kristin Hunter Kroll, Psychologist in 10011, NY
Dr. Kristin Hunter Kroll
Psychologist, PhD, `
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10011  (Online Only)
Care for the Whole Family: As a psychologist dedicated to caring for the needs of families, I focus upon two main factors when providing care: 1) utilizing the most evidence-based assessments and protocols specific to each patient's concerns and 2) tailoring treatment goals collaboratively in order to align this with each family's unique values, beliefs, and culture. As a PsyPact psychologist, I am able to work virtually with patients in over 39 states: New York, New Jersey, Texas, and many more.
Care for the Whole Family: As a psychologist dedicated to caring for the needs of families, I focus upon two main factors when providing care: 1) utilizing the most evidence-based assessments and protocols specific to each patient's concerns and 2) tailoring treatment goals collaboratively in order to align this with each family's unique values, beliefs, and culture. As a PsyPact psychologist, I am able to work virtually with patients in over 39 states: New York, New Jersey, Texas, and many more.
(929) 298-3701 View (929) 298-3701
Photo of Carol A Butler, Licensed Psychoanalyst in 10011, NY
Carol A Butler
Licensed Psychoanalyst, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10011
I can probably help you, especially if your concerns relate to relationships or sexuality. I work with individuals and couples, and I have advanced training in treating sexual dysfunctions and sexual and other addictions. I was a clinical supervisor of graduate students at NYU and I presently supervise therapists in my private practice. I mediate divorces and family or business disputes; I co-authored "The Divorce Mediation Answer Book". For the past two years I have worked pro bono for CaringKind running a support group for adults whose parents have Alzheimer's Disease. I am on the faculty of the Harlem Family Institute
I can probably help you, especially if your concerns relate to relationships or sexuality. I work with individuals and couples, and I have advanced training in treating sexual dysfunctions and sexual and other addictions. I was a clinical supervisor of graduate students at NYU and I presently supervise therapists in my private practice. I mediate divorces and family or business disputes; I co-authored "The Divorce Mediation Answer Book". For the past two years I have worked pro bono for CaringKind running a support group for adults whose parents have Alzheimer's Disease. I am on the faculty of the Harlem Family Institute
(646) 859-4935 View (646) 859-4935
Photo of Jasmin Kwok, Psychologist in 10011, NY
Jasmin Kwok
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10011  (Online Only)
There are times when we feel blocked and feel unsatisfied with ourselves or with our relationships. I am a licensed clinical psychologist providing individual therapy to young adults and adults. I work with clients with various concerns, including anxiety, depression, life transitions, family conflict, relationship issues, and navigating identity. I aim to create a therapeutic relationship and space that is built on openness, authenticity, and empathy. Together then, we work to bridge the past and present, and we develop intentional choices and behaviors that allow you to be the best version of yourself.
There are times when we feel blocked and feel unsatisfied with ourselves or with our relationships. I am a licensed clinical psychologist providing individual therapy to young adults and adults. I work with clients with various concerns, including anxiety, depression, life transitions, family conflict, relationship issues, and navigating identity. I aim to create a therapeutic relationship and space that is built on openness, authenticity, and empathy. Together then, we work to bridge the past and present, and we develop intentional choices and behaviors that allow you to be the best version of yourself.
(332) 242-2428 View (332) 242-2428
Photo of Laurie Mendelsohn, Psychologist in 10011, NY
Laurie Mendelsohn
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10011
I work with adults and adolescents coping with a variety of life circumstances such as stress (job/academic/family), relationship issues, depression, anxiety, eating struggles, pre- and postpartum adjustment, and life transitions.
One of the hardest parts of therapy is picking up the phone and being vulnerable with someone you don't yet know. I'd like to help you over this hurdle by providing you an empathic and accepting environment. I believe the connection between therapist and client is an important part of the healing process and I encourage a collaborative working relationship. Through therapy, I can help you make positive changes in behavior, thinking, and feeling, improve your relationships, and better your sense of self.
I work with adults and adolescents coping with a variety of life circumstances such as stress (job/academic/family), relationship issues, depression, anxiety, eating struggles, pre- and postpartum adjustment, and life transitions.
One of the hardest parts of therapy is picking up the phone and being vulnerable with someone you don't yet know. I'd like to help you over this hurdle by providing you an empathic and accepting environment. I believe the connection between therapist and client is an important part of the healing process and I encourage a collaborative working relationship. Through therapy, I can help you make positive changes in behavior, thinking, and feeling, improve your relationships, and better your sense of self.
(917) 300-0145 View (917) 300-0145
Photo of Jennifer L Jackson, Psychologist in 10011, NY
Jennifer L Jackson
Psychologist, EdM, MS, PhD
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
New York, NY 10011
Waitlist for new clients
For children and adolescents I treat mood and anxiety related difficulties and provide parenting and family support.
Hello and welcome to my practice. I am a clinical psychologist with more than 20 years of experience helping people to improve their lives. I work with children, adolescents and adults struggling with difficulties such as depression, anxiety, and interpersonal challenges. My education and training is extensive and diverse with a MEd from Harvard University and a PhD from Columbia University. I see clients from all backgrounds, ethnicities and genders. My approach is creative and multifaceted and tailored to your needs. Together, our goal is to effectively identify and address the issues interfering with living a better life.
For children and adolescents I treat mood and anxiety related difficulties and provide parenting and family support.
Hello and welcome to my practice. I am a clinical psychologist with more than 20 years of experience helping people to improve their lives. I work with children, adolescents and adults struggling with difficulties such as depression, anxiety, and interpersonal challenges. My education and training is extensive and diverse with a MEd from Harvard University and a PhD from Columbia University. I see clients from all backgrounds, ethnicities and genders. My approach is creative and multifaceted and tailored to your needs. Together, our goal is to effectively identify and address the issues interfering with living a better life.
(973) 433-5855 View (973) 433-5855
Family Therapy

What do family therapists do?

A family therapist facilitates the process of understanding and improving how a family functions. The therapist will help family members develop empathy for one another. They’ll seek to understand existing patterns, misunderstandings, and conflicts that arise, in order to help the family arrive at a realistic, unified understanding and develop the coping skills they need to build stronger relationships.

How long does therapy for families take to work?

Therapy manifests differently in every family; a common time frame is 12 weekly sessions, but some families may see improvement after just a few weeks. Families should discuss their goals with the therapist at the beginning of the process and periodically revisit those goals to assess their progress together.

How can you encourage a family member to attend family therapy?

You can encourage family members to attend therapy by expressing with both love and concern the challenges you see and explaining how a therapist could help the family navigate those challenges together. An outside perspective can help everyone feel heard, get on the same page, and develop new skills. If family members are still hesitant, it may be helpful to emphasize that family therapy is short-term—it won’t last forever.

Is therapy for families effective?

Family therapy can significantly improve family dynamics and relationships. Research suggests that family therapy can help individuals understand their role in the family, communicate and solve problems together, reduce conflict and draw boundaries when necessary, and develop coping skills for stressors, major life changes, and mental or physical illnesses within the family.