Therapists in Richmond, VA

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Photo of Tracy C Kuhnert, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Richmond, VA
Tracy C Kuhnert
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, RYT
Verified Verified
Richmond, VA 23225
Often difficult life experiences like pain, suffering, confusion, intense emotions, and things just not going right bring us to therapy. Sometimes it's our relationship with ourselves, or with significant others or family members that creates the pain point. It can also be a specific event (breakup, move, feeling left out socially) or a specific felt experience (sad, lonely, angry, scared). AND although it can feel otherwise, there's no shame in receiving support. My hope is that therapy helps you experience greater self-acceptance, compassion, and ease with yourself and your life - it's a worthy and doable endeavor.
Often difficult life experiences like pain, suffering, confusion, intense emotions, and things just not going right bring us to therapy. Sometimes it's our relationship with ourselves, or with significant others or family members that creates the pain point. It can also be a specific event (breakup, move, feeling left out socially) or a specific felt experience (sad, lonely, angry, scared). AND although it can feel otherwise, there's no shame in receiving support. My hope is that therapy helps you experience greater self-acceptance, compassion, and ease with yourself and your life - it's a worthy and doable endeavor.
(804) 373-2960 View (804) 373-2960
Photo of Sean Concannon, Supervisee in Clinical Social Work in Richmond, VA
Sean Concannon
Supervisee in Clinical Social Work, MSW
Verified Verified
Richmond, VA 23236
The fact that you are reading this now is proof that you are taking the first steps on the road to a better life. Each life has depth and diversity of experience, and we all do our best to strive forward and tackle life’s challenges. Therapy offers an effective means to deal with life’s stressors and conquer these challenges in healthy and supported ways. You do not have to go it alone. It would be my honor to share a safe space with you to work through whatever issues may be of concern to you, provide you with tools that you can draw on in your daily life, and support you on your journey to your goals.
The fact that you are reading this now is proof that you are taking the first steps on the road to a better life. Each life has depth and diversity of experience, and we all do our best to strive forward and tackle life’s challenges. Therapy offers an effective means to deal with life’s stressors and conquer these challenges in healthy and supported ways. You do not have to go it alone. It would be my honor to share a safe space with you to work through whatever issues may be of concern to you, provide you with tools that you can draw on in your daily life, and support you on your journey to your goals.
(804) 885-2803 View (804) 885-2803
Photo of Robert Miller, Psychologist in Richmond, VA
Robert Miller
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Richmond, VA 23225  (Online Only)
Working together to explore what is happening in your world, mind, and emotional system, we will fairly quickly make sense of the natural processes that have led to your problem, and how to make them work for you rather than against you. I’ll help you develop these skills at your own pace, so that when you feel ready we can move from weekly sessions to my simply being on call whenever you need me. This can almost always be accomplished within 6-12 sessions, and my sessions are a full 60-minute hour.
Working together to explore what is happening in your world, mind, and emotional system, we will fairly quickly make sense of the natural processes that have led to your problem, and how to make them work for you rather than against you. I’ll help you develop these skills at your own pace, so that when you feel ready we can move from weekly sessions to my simply being on call whenever you need me. This can almost always be accomplished within 6-12 sessions, and my sessions are a full 60-minute hour.
(804) 538-3203 View (804) 538-3203
Photo of Matthew Isaacson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Richmond, VA
Matthew Isaacson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Richmond, VA 23220
The first step always seems the toughest when it comes to deciding to seek help for one's problems that are impacting their life. Finding the right therapist can feel like a daunting task and boils down to having enjoyable, meaningful, and memorable conversations with someone you can trust and confide your troublesome issues with. Life is a journey that is unpredictable, hard, and sometimes messy. You need to trust you can safely share whatever issues affecting you without being judged, and ultimately get help learning new skills and perspectives on your troubles.
The first step always seems the toughest when it comes to deciding to seek help for one's problems that are impacting their life. Finding the right therapist can feel like a daunting task and boils down to having enjoyable, meaningful, and memorable conversations with someone you can trust and confide your troublesome issues with. Life is a journey that is unpredictable, hard, and sometimes messy. You need to trust you can safely share whatever issues affecting you without being judged, and ultimately get help learning new skills and perspectives on your troubles.
(804) 635-2683 View (804) 635-2683
Photo of Dr. Danielle Armour, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Richmond, VA
Dr. Danielle Armour
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW, CST
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Richmond, VA 23221  (Online Only)
I specialize in sexual health, intimacy, and relationships, especially the one we have with self. I am passionate about helping you (and yours) enrich your lives—by empowering you to unpack what’s preventing you from fully embracing all of life’s pleasures. I believe that we all have the intrinsic ability to heal ourselves. In my practice, psychotherapy is a journey of self healing, with me as your guide. Connection is one of our most powerful tools, and through connecting with me, together, we will cultivate transformation and uncover the peace that lies within you.
I specialize in sexual health, intimacy, and relationships, especially the one we have with self. I am passionate about helping you (and yours) enrich your lives—by empowering you to unpack what’s preventing you from fully embracing all of life’s pleasures. I believe that we all have the intrinsic ability to heal ourselves. In my practice, psychotherapy is a journey of self healing, with me as your guide. Connection is one of our most powerful tools, and through connecting with me, together, we will cultivate transformation and uncover the peace that lies within you.
(804) 531-5166 View (804) 531-5166
Photo of Lifebulb Counseling & Therapy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Richmond, VA
Lifebulb Counseling & Therapy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Richmond, VA 23230
We're confident we can help you achieve your therapy goals. Because we believe you're best served by a therapist who's passionate about not only their work, but who they work with as well. That's why we started Lifebulb - We're committed to helping therapists to get back to enjoying their work, so you, our client, can receive the highest quality therapy services, whether in person at one of our locations or online through telehealth. We hire only highly trained and educated, licensed clinicians dedicated to the therapy process. Working with us, you'll get results.
We're confident we can help you achieve your therapy goals. Because we believe you're best served by a therapist who's passionate about not only their work, but who they work with as well. That's why we started Lifebulb - We're committed to helping therapists to get back to enjoying their work, so you, our client, can receive the highest quality therapy services, whether in person at one of our locations or online through telehealth. We hire only highly trained and educated, licensed clinicians dedicated to the therapy process. Working with us, you'll get results.
(804) 552-6187 View (804) 552-6187
Photo of Tameka Adebayo - Comprehensive Clinical Solutions, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Richmond, VA
Tameka Adebayo - Comprehensive Clinical Solutions
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Richmond, VA 23220  (Online Only)
Ms. Adebayo served in the United States Army before retiring at the rank of 1SG (E-8). She's a graduate of the University of Southern California where she received her Master of Social Work with a concentration in Adult Mental Health and Wellness and holds a Bachelor of Science in Criminal Justice. As a Master Level Clinical Social Worker, she is deeply committed to serving individuals, families, and couples in their mental health and wellness journey. She continues to have strong counseling abilities, helping clients recognize and identify behavioral patterns, troubling emotions, and thoughts.
Ms. Adebayo served in the United States Army before retiring at the rank of 1SG (E-8). She's a graduate of the University of Southern California where she received her Master of Social Work with a concentration in Adult Mental Health and Wellness and holds a Bachelor of Science in Criminal Justice. As a Master Level Clinical Social Worker, she is deeply committed to serving individuals, families, and couples in their mental health and wellness journey. She continues to have strong counseling abilities, helping clients recognize and identify behavioral patterns, troubling emotions, and thoughts.
(703) 291-8339 View (703) 291-8339
Photo of Alex Schrum, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Richmond, VA
Alex Schrum
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Richmond, VA 23220
Being at peace with yourself is not easy. Showing yourself the kindness you easily give to others can be extremely challenging. This is especially true if you are accustomed to anticipating the needs of others before acknowledging your own. You may find that your sense of worthiness depends on how useful you are to others. The beautiful thing is: you are enough already as you are. The painful thing is: you believe you're both not enough and too much at the same time. You want to be able to relate to yourself in a kinder way, take good care of yourself, and feel more authentic in your relationships.
Being at peace with yourself is not easy. Showing yourself the kindness you easily give to others can be extremely challenging. This is especially true if you are accustomed to anticipating the needs of others before acknowledging your own. You may find that your sense of worthiness depends on how useful you are to others. The beautiful thing is: you are enough already as you are. The painful thing is: you believe you're both not enough and too much at the same time. You want to be able to relate to yourself in a kinder way, take good care of yourself, and feel more authentic in your relationships.
(804) 390-8549 View (804) 390-8549
Photo of Mindy B. Loiselle LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Richmond, VA
Mindy B. Loiselle LCSW
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Richmond, VA 23220
Waitlist for new clients
Do you want to experience greater freedom from anxiety, depression, or negative thoughts? Are you feeling frustrated, misunderstood, or unappreciated in your close relationships? Have you tried therapy before but did not get the results you were hoping for? With understanding and compassion for yourself, you can break free of negative thoughts, self-limiting beliefs, and harmful habits. You can learn communication methods to bring you closer to others, without sacrificing yourself. Together we will discover a deeper source of strength that is uniquely yours. I can help you tap this well to find joy, contentment, and harmonious relationships.
Do you want to experience greater freedom from anxiety, depression, or negative thoughts? Are you feeling frustrated, misunderstood, or unappreciated in your close relationships? Have you tried therapy before but did not get the results you were hoping for? With understanding and compassion for yourself, you can break free of negative thoughts, self-limiting beliefs, and harmful habits. You can learn communication methods to bring you closer to others, without sacrificing yourself. Together we will discover a deeper source of strength that is uniquely yours. I can help you tap this well to find joy, contentment, and harmonious relationships.
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Photo of Brenda Montero, Licensed Professional Counselor in Richmond, VA
Brenda Montero
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Richmond, VA 23225  (Online Only)
Hello There! I am a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) based in the state of Virginia.
Hello There! I am a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) based in the state of Virginia.
(804) 886-1370 View (804) 886-1370
Photo of Philip M. Campbell, Marriage & Family Therapist in Richmond, VA
Philip M. Campbell
Marriage & Family Therapist
Verified Verified
Richmond, VA 23225  (Online Only)
I believe that treatment should focus on making peoples' lives better, on improving their relationships, on helping them understand who they are, and on making sure that progress and healing continues long after treatment ends. I have more than twenty years of experience working with children, adolescents, families, and adults, in outpatient and inpatient settings, and in homes throughout the state.
I believe that treatment should focus on making peoples' lives better, on improving their relationships, on helping them understand who they are, and on making sure that progress and healing continues long after treatment ends. I have more than twenty years of experience working with children, adolescents, families, and adults, in outpatient and inpatient settings, and in homes throughout the state.
(804) 293-0640 View (804) 293-0640
Photo of Allyson Price, Licensed Professional Counselor in Richmond, VA
Allyson Price
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Richmond, VA 23225  (Online Only)
You already possess everything you need to heal yourself. The missing piece is a trained therapist like me to let the blurry seem a little more clear by asking thought provoking questions, and most importantly, listening and holding the space for you to be vulnerable and grow. I will join you on the ride to identify what areas need to be discussed first, and we will go at your own pace.
You already possess everything you need to heal yourself. The missing piece is a trained therapist like me to let the blurry seem a little more clear by asking thought provoking questions, and most importantly, listening and holding the space for you to be vulnerable and grow. I will join you on the ride to identify what areas need to be discussed first, and we will go at your own pace.
(804) 587-7812 View (804) 587-7812
Photo of Marissa Momchilov, Licensed Professional Counselor in Richmond, VA
Marissa Momchilov
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Richmond, VA 23294
Imagine stepping into a space where your challenges with anxiety, self-esteem, or relationships are not just heard, but deeply understood. I'm here to support you with compassion, to empower you on a journey towards resilience. Your courage to seek change is the first inspiring step. Let's partner together, using your inherent strengths, to forge a path to the assertive and peaceful you. You're not alone; I'm with you, ready to celebrate your growth and light the way forward.
Imagine stepping into a space where your challenges with anxiety, self-esteem, or relationships are not just heard, but deeply understood. I'm here to support you with compassion, to empower you on a journey towards resilience. Your courage to seek change is the first inspiring step. Let's partner together, using your inherent strengths, to forge a path to the assertive and peaceful you. You're not alone; I'm with you, ready to celebrate your growth and light the way forward.
(804) 373-8344 View (804) 373-8344
Photo of Justin Huerkamp, Licensed Professional Counselor in Richmond, VA
Justin Huerkamp
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, CSOTP
Verified Verified
Richmond, VA 23219
Not accepting new clients
Looking for help is the first step. Whether you have experienced a traumatic event or events in the distant past or more recently or have feelings of being sad and depressed or anxious. It could be that you are in a difficult time in your life or that you are ready for a time of growth. I believe that everyone has the capability to heal and to grow. Every individual, couple, and family are different and I customize my therapeutic plan for your individual needs.
Looking for help is the first step. Whether you have experienced a traumatic event or events in the distant past or more recently or have feelings of being sad and depressed or anxious. It could be that you are in a difficult time in your life or that you are ready for a time of growth. I believe that everyone has the capability to heal and to grow. Every individual, couple, and family are different and I customize my therapeutic plan for your individual needs.
(804) 298-7616 View (804) 298-7616
Photo of Nephetia Whittaker, Licensed Professional Counselor in Richmond, VA
Nephetia Whittaker
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Richmond, VA 23225  (Online Only)
I am a compassionate and affirming therapist who strives to provide a safe and judgement-free space for clients to express themselves and utilize their strengths to achieve their goals. Decreasing negative symptoms and helping each client live healthier fulfilling lives is the ultimate goal. With me you are celebrated and encouraged to be your authentic self. Some of my strongest qualities are building strong therapeutic rapport, creating a safe place to be authentic and being empathetic. My theoretic approach is based on the belief that clients are in charge of their counseling experience so that the process is individualized.
I am a compassionate and affirming therapist who strives to provide a safe and judgement-free space for clients to express themselves and utilize their strengths to achieve their goals. Decreasing negative symptoms and helping each client live healthier fulfilling lives is the ultimate goal. With me you are celebrated and encouraged to be your authentic self. Some of my strongest qualities are building strong therapeutic rapport, creating a safe place to be authentic and being empathetic. My theoretic approach is based on the belief that clients are in charge of their counseling experience so that the process is individualized.
(804) 889-2142 View (804) 889-2142
Photo of Meg Harney, Psychologist in Richmond, VA
Meg Harney
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Richmond, VA 23220
Providing clients with a sense of empowerment is a cornerstone of my practice. I approach each client with compassion and curiosity and am committed to helping clients resolve the beliefs and behaviors that have felt unhelpful or unrelenting. I am experienced treating individuals with anxiety, depression (including peripartum depression), relationship difficulties, infertility, emotion dysregulation, grief, and difficulty adjusting to new roles such as the transition to college. I specialize in treating individuals who express concerns about their eating or who feel dissatisfied with their bodies, including individuals with anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, or binge eating disorder.
Providing clients with a sense of empowerment is a cornerstone of my practice. I approach each client with compassion and curiosity and am committed to helping clients resolve the beliefs and behaviors that have felt unhelpful or unrelenting. I am experienced treating individuals with anxiety, depression (including peripartum depression), relationship difficulties, infertility, emotion dysregulation, grief, and difficulty adjusting to new roles such as the transition to college. I specialize in treating individuals who express concerns about their eating or who feel dissatisfied with their bodies, including individuals with anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, or binge eating disorder.
(804) 376-9769 View (804) 376-9769
Photo of Dr. Angela Pobanz, Counselor in Richmond, VA
Dr. Angela Pobanz
Counselor, PsyD, LCMHC, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Richmond, VA 23225  (Online Only)
I am licensed in both Utah and Virginia. I specialize in women's mental health with the overarching goals of helping women find wholeness and develop resilience. I can help with depression, anxiety, trauma, life transitions, healthy habit-building, strengths-building, thought and emotion management, and more. I believe that the therapeutic process is most effective when it is collaborative, compassionate, and focuses not just on what seems to be going wrong, but also on what is fundamentally right (e.g., personal strengths).
I am licensed in both Utah and Virginia. I specialize in women's mental health with the overarching goals of helping women find wholeness and develop resilience. I can help with depression, anxiety, trauma, life transitions, healthy habit-building, strengths-building, thought and emotion management, and more. I believe that the therapeutic process is most effective when it is collaborative, compassionate, and focuses not just on what seems to be going wrong, but also on what is fundamentally right (e.g., personal strengths).
(385) 284-0146 View (385) 284-0146
Photo of Brandy Rucker, Resident in Counseling in Richmond, VA
Brandy Rucker
Resident in Counseling, MA, LPC-R
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Richmond, VA 23236
Not accepting new clients
Are you trying to navigate change, transition, relationships, hurt and disappointment on you own? At one time or another we all need someone to hear our heart, challenge our perspective and help us to transform our mindset. Let’s get together and talk about it. There's hope, strength and victory in seeking counsel during these times.
Are you trying to navigate change, transition, relationships, hurt and disappointment on you own? At one time or another we all need someone to hear our heart, challenge our perspective and help us to transform our mindset. Let’s get together and talk about it. There's hope, strength and victory in seeking counsel during these times.
(804) 979-2738 View (804) 979-2738
Photo of Sarah Mines, Licensed Professional Counselor in Richmond, VA
Sarah Mines
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MSEd
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Richmond, VA 23235
Therapy is a place where we are allowed to be raw, imperfect, vulnerable humans in a society that expects us to be flawlessly composed. I focus my practice on personal power and can provide you with tools to work on whatever is causing your stress, whether that's in the present, past, or future. My goal in counseling is to be a source of unconditional support while we step back and explore the ways in which social forces impact(ed) the ways you understand yourself and the world. I firmly believe knowing oneself as a whole person is a crucial step to substantial and sustainable change and know we can find solutions to help you grow.
Therapy is a place where we are allowed to be raw, imperfect, vulnerable humans in a society that expects us to be flawlessly composed. I focus my practice on personal power and can provide you with tools to work on whatever is causing your stress, whether that's in the present, past, or future. My goal in counseling is to be a source of unconditional support while we step back and explore the ways in which social forces impact(ed) the ways you understand yourself and the world. I firmly believe knowing oneself as a whole person is a crucial step to substantial and sustainable change and know we can find solutions to help you grow.
(757) 347-8966 View (757) 347-8966
Photo of Lenise Mazyck, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Richmond, VA
Lenise Mazyck
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, CCTP, CIMHP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Richmond, VA 23228  (Online Only)
Do you feel stuck, stressed, overwhelmed, and frustrated lately? Maybe you have been struggling to get out of bed in the morning and can not figure out why that has changed lately. You want to live a life where things seem more manageable and you feel safe. You want your relationships with others to thrive and become more balanced. I am here to help you create a life where you feel more prepared to make hard decisions and live the life you want. Please visit this link to schedule an intake call. calendly.com/rootstoresultsrva/intake
Do you feel stuck, stressed, overwhelmed, and frustrated lately? Maybe you have been struggling to get out of bed in the morning and can not figure out why that has changed lately. You want to live a life where things seem more manageable and you feel safe. You want your relationships with others to thrive and become more balanced. I am here to help you create a life where you feel more prepared to make hard decisions and live the life you want. Please visit this link to schedule an intake call. calendly.com/rootstoresultsrva/intake
(804) 376-5863 View (804) 376-5863

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Richmond, VA

1,000+

Average cost per session

$135

Therapists in Richmond, VA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
75% Self Esteem
74% Coping Skills
70% Trauma and PTSD
68% Relationship Issues
67% Stress

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

78% Aetna
77% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
76% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Richmond, VA see their clients

57% In Person and Online
43% Online Only

Gender breakdown

83% Female
16% Male
1% Non-Binary

FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Richmond?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.