Photo of Reagan Baiza, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Richardson, TX
Reagan Baiza
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CCM
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Richardson, TX 75080  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Aging, death, break ups, brain injury, major health diagnosis, addiction, family conflict, and dozens of life's other challenges are accompanied by grief. Grief and loss is part of a universal human experience that, despite it's commonality, is just as difficult every time for every one of us. As much as we'd like for these feelings to just disappear they can cause us to feel overwhelmed and hopeless until we find a way to integrate them, not "get over" them. I offer telehealth visits to adults and older adults in Texas and am accepting new clients.
Aging, death, break ups, brain injury, major health diagnosis, addiction, family conflict, and dozens of life's other challenges are accompanied by grief. Grief and loss is part of a universal human experience that, despite it's commonality, is just as difficult every time for every one of us. As much as we'd like for these feelings to just disappear they can cause us to feel overwhelmed and hopeless until we find a way to integrate them, not "get over" them. I offer telehealth visits to adults and older adults in Texas and am accepting new clients.
(214) 428-6430 View (214) 428-6430
Photo of Curtis O. Hill, Licensed Professional Counselor in Richardson, TX
Curtis O. Hill
Licensed Professional Counselor, EdD, MS, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Richardson, TX 75080
Waitlist for new clients
We are born-in, hurt-in, and healed-in relationships. I can help you unpack the challenges that keep you from living your best life. We constantly seek connection and a sense of belonging in our personal, family and work lives. Living in a state of despair, disappointment, and pain is not normal. If you desire change, let's start that journey today. I know how to help move you from where you are, to where you want to be. Growth and change can be anxiety provoking, initially. But, so rewarding when properly nurtured. My passion is helping people take courage in learning how to fully experience the hope that is within them.
We are born-in, hurt-in, and healed-in relationships. I can help you unpack the challenges that keep you from living your best life. We constantly seek connection and a sense of belonging in our personal, family and work lives. Living in a state of despair, disappointment, and pain is not normal. If you desire change, let's start that journey today. I know how to help move you from where you are, to where you want to be. Growth and change can be anxiety provoking, initially. But, so rewarding when properly nurtured. My passion is helping people take courage in learning how to fully experience the hope that is within them.
(972) 689-7695 View (972) 689-7695
Photo of Meltzer Counseling PLLC, Licensed Professional Counselor in Richardson, TX
Meltzer Counseling PLLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-S
Verified Verified
Richardson, TX 75081
Meltzer Counseling is located in Richardson, Texas. We offer counseling services to adults, adolescents, children, couples. Clinicians accept health insurance, some clinicians offer therapy services on a sliding scale. Additionally, we offer short-term FREE family therapy for qualifying families. All clinicians are direct and respectful and our goal is to utilize the best fit for each client's needs. Therapists specialize in mood, eating disorders, addiction , anger management, self-harm behaviors, suicidal ideation ,trauma, EMDR, PTSD, grief and loss issues, communication skills, family and relationship dynamics.
Meltzer Counseling is located in Richardson, Texas. We offer counseling services to adults, adolescents, children, couples. Clinicians accept health insurance, some clinicians offer therapy services on a sliding scale. Additionally, we offer short-term FREE family therapy for qualifying families. All clinicians are direct and respectful and our goal is to utilize the best fit for each client's needs. Therapists specialize in mood, eating disorders, addiction , anger management, self-harm behaviors, suicidal ideation ,trauma, EMDR, PTSD, grief and loss issues, communication skills, family and relationship dynamics.
(972) 954-6256 View (972) 954-6256
Photo of Renae Cobb, Licensed Professional Counselor in Richardson, TX
Renae Cobb
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, Jungian, Analyst, IAAP
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Richardson, TX 75080
Analysis and therapy help us move beyond the places we are stuck to a better understanding of who we are. I would be honored to walk with you on this journey towards your best self, offering a helping hand where needed. I work from an understanding of therapy that allows us to look at the past, the present and the future in understanding the issues you are facing and finding the path you desire to follow. Exploring family dynamics, relationship issues, self-concept, creative impulses, dreams, and life passions allow us to chart a course toward hope and healing.
Analysis and therapy help us move beyond the places we are stuck to a better understanding of who we are. I would be honored to walk with you on this journey towards your best self, offering a helping hand where needed. I work from an understanding of therapy that allows us to look at the past, the present and the future in understanding the issues you are facing and finding the path you desire to follow. Exploring family dynamics, relationship issues, self-concept, creative impulses, dreams, and life passions allow us to chart a course toward hope and healing.
(972) 325-0913 View (972) 325-0913
Photo of Maria LaVorgna-Smith, Licensed Professional Counselor in Richardson, TX
Maria LaVorgna-Smith
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD MFT, LPC-S, ATR-BC, ATCS
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Richardson, TX 75080
I am a seasoned professional who has the privilege to be in private practice for over 20 years, specializing in family therapy and the creative arts to resolve conflicts and dilemmas. As a credentialed and registered art therapist, I have a passion for my field helping people to open-up to their creativity. I receive tremendous joy working with children, women, couples and families as trained in my doctorate of marriage and family therapy. Key issues include: ADHD, Autism Spectrum, couples therapy, children of divorce, adoption issues, parenting issues, transgender and identity, spirituality, mood disorder, anxiety and depression.
I am a seasoned professional who has the privilege to be in private practice for over 20 years, specializing in family therapy and the creative arts to resolve conflicts and dilemmas. As a credentialed and registered art therapist, I have a passion for my field helping people to open-up to their creativity. I receive tremendous joy working with children, women, couples and families as trained in my doctorate of marriage and family therapy. Key issues include: ADHD, Autism Spectrum, couples therapy, children of divorce, adoption issues, parenting issues, transgender and identity, spirituality, mood disorder, anxiety and depression.
(469) 416-4354 View (469) 416-4354
Photo of Ashlyn Royal, Licensed Professional Counselor in Richardson, TX
Ashlyn Royal
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, YT 200
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Richardson, TX 75080  (Online Only)
If you, your child, adolescent, or family is in need of support, please call to schedule a FREE phone consultation.
First off, I would like to acknowledge how brave you are for taking the first steps towards positive change and growth. I understand everyone’s situation is unique, and this process can feel overwhelming. I subscribe to a holistic perspective of counseling and work with each person on an individual basis to focus on their own needs. Together we can create healthy coping skills, build self-esteem, and work to alleviate those stressful moments in your life. When given a safe, nonjudgmental environment, everyone has the power to be who they want to be, even when life feels out of control!
If you, your child, adolescent, or family is in need of support, please call to schedule a FREE phone consultation.
First off, I would like to acknowledge how brave you are for taking the first steps towards positive change and growth. I understand everyone’s situation is unique, and this process can feel overwhelming. I subscribe to a holistic perspective of counseling and work with each person on an individual basis to focus on their own needs. Together we can create healthy coping skills, build self-esteem, and work to alleviate those stressful moments in your life. When given a safe, nonjudgmental environment, everyone has the power to be who they want to be, even when life feels out of control!
(214) 225-9299 View (214) 225-9299
Photo of Dolores Ann Guilliod, Licensed Professional Counselor in Richardson, TX
Dolores Ann Guilliod
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Richardson, TX 75080
In one's walk towards wholeness and change, there are various barriers and hindrances one must overcome: The prism in which we view life, the messages we received about ourselves from our family of origin, what has happened to us and what we tell ourselves about it, our fear of feelings, and our learned coping mechanisms are just a few. As a Christian counselor, it is my desire to provide a safe and accepting environment in which we can walk and work together to expose, understand, and overcome these barriers.
In one's walk towards wholeness and change, there are various barriers and hindrances one must overcome: The prism in which we view life, the messages we received about ourselves from our family of origin, what has happened to us and what we tell ourselves about it, our fear of feelings, and our learned coping mechanisms are just a few. As a Christian counselor, it is my desire to provide a safe and accepting environment in which we can walk and work together to expose, understand, and overcome these barriers.
(214) 317-4458 View (214) 317-4458
Photo of Revis Ann Massey, Psychologist in Richardson, TX
Revis Ann Massey
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Richardson, TX 75082
I am a psychologist at The Meier Clinics in Richardson, TX. I provide individual, group and family therapy for ages 8+. I am interested in working with anyone struggling with chronic illness, pain, sleep, depression, and anxiety, I believe that life is a journey and that, at times, all of us may encounter obstacles for which we don't have coping strategies. My role is to support and empower clients to make healthy decisions and move forward in the journey. I also conduct personality assessments for mood disorders, anxiety and other issues which may cause problems.
I am a psychologist at The Meier Clinics in Richardson, TX. I provide individual, group and family therapy for ages 8+. I am interested in working with anyone struggling with chronic illness, pain, sleep, depression, and anxiety, I believe that life is a journey and that, at times, all of us may encounter obstacles for which we don't have coping strategies. My role is to support and empower clients to make healthy decisions and move forward in the journey. I also conduct personality assessments for mood disorders, anxiety and other issues which may cause problems.
(972) 437-4698 View (972) 437-4698
Photo of Psychotherapy & Growth Clinic of Dallas, Bilingual, Marriage & Family Therapist in Richardson, TX
Psychotherapy & Growth Clinic of Dallas, Bilingual
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LPC, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Richardson, TX 75080  (Online Only)
I am a Bilingual English/Spanish Psychotherapist in private practice. I treat children, adolescents, families, couples and adults. I provide individual, family and couples therapy for people with emotional and or behavioral issues. Hola, soy una psicoterapeuta bilingüe en Ingles y Español. Trato a personas con problemas emocionales, como ansiedad y depresión, así como problemas con sus hijos, de pareja, familia y en el trabajo.
I am a Bilingual English/Spanish Psychotherapist in private practice. I treat children, adolescents, families, couples and adults. I provide individual, family and couples therapy for people with emotional and or behavioral issues. Hola, soy una psicoterapeuta bilingüe en Ingles y Español. Trato a personas con problemas emocionales, como ansiedad y depresión, así como problemas con sus hijos, de pareja, familia y en el trabajo.
(214) 624-6459 View (214) 624-6459
Photo of Kimberly Rockwell-Evans, Licensed Professional Counselor in Richardson, TX
Kimberly Rockwell-Evans
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Richardson, TX 75080
In addition, she teaches your family members strategies in how best to support you in your recovery.
If anxiety and obsessions are limiting your ability to live the life you want, Dr. Kim Rockwell-Evans can provide you with the guidance you've been seeking. Long recognized throughout the Dallas and north Texas area as one of the most effective practitioners treating OCD and anxiety disorders, Dr. Rockwell-Evans offers practical, evidence-based, and cost-effective treatment that will enable you to overcome your anxieties and take control of your life. With a firm, compassionate hand, she works with you to assess your goals and understand your values; determining what a meaningful life means to you.
In addition, she teaches your family members strategies in how best to support you in your recovery.
If anxiety and obsessions are limiting your ability to live the life you want, Dr. Kim Rockwell-Evans can provide you with the guidance you've been seeking. Long recognized throughout the Dallas and north Texas area as one of the most effective practitioners treating OCD and anxiety disorders, Dr. Rockwell-Evans offers practical, evidence-based, and cost-effective treatment that will enable you to overcome your anxieties and take control of your life. With a firm, compassionate hand, she works with you to assess your goals and understand your values; determining what a meaningful life means to you.
(214) 463-2074 View (214) 463-2074
Photo of Meier Clinics of Texas in Richardson, TX
Meier Clinics of Texas
Verified Verified
Richardson, TX 75082
The Meier Clinics has been serving DFW for over 40 years, and currently provides the following services: The "Catalyst" Day Program is for adults, ages 18-65, who struggle with major depression, anxiety, dependencies, stress, dysfunctional relationships, abuse, loss, and more. Catalyst is the perfect opportunity to find healing and wholeness in a short amount of time. Led by our caring clinical staff, it includes group, individual, and family therapy, as well as psychological testing, and daily medication management.
The Meier Clinics has been serving DFW for over 40 years, and currently provides the following services: The "Catalyst" Day Program is for adults, ages 18-65, who struggle with major depression, anxiety, dependencies, stress, dysfunctional relationships, abuse, loss, and more. Catalyst is the perfect opportunity to find healing and wholeness in a short amount of time. Led by our caring clinical staff, it includes group, individual, and family therapy, as well as psychological testing, and daily medication management.
(972) 437-4698 View (972) 437-4698
Photo of De'An Olson Roper, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Richardson, TX
De'An Olson Roper
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW
Verified Verified
Richardson, TX 75081
I can help with relationships, coming out issues, family problems, addictions, depression, bipolar disorder, career changes, trauma and parenting concerns.
After 15+ years of practice and training other therapists, I have learned working with someone who “gets” you can be nurturing and healing. I believe this happens when the therapist brings their personal authenticity to your session, and research tells us this is one of the most critical elements in therapy. Listening deeply, asking the right questions, and providing honest and helpful feedback tailored to your personality are the other skills that complete the picture. It is my passion to help people to change painful patterns, to heal, to become whole, and to find their life’s joy and fulfillment.
I can help with relationships, coming out issues, family problems, addictions, depression, bipolar disorder, career changes, trauma and parenting concerns.
After 15+ years of practice and training other therapists, I have learned working with someone who “gets” you can be nurturing and healing. I believe this happens when the therapist brings their personal authenticity to your session, and research tells us this is one of the most critical elements in therapy. Listening deeply, asking the right questions, and providing honest and helpful feedback tailored to your personality are the other skills that complete the picture. It is my passion to help people to change painful patterns, to heal, to become whole, and to find their life’s joy and fulfillment.
(972) 996-7238 View (972) 996-7238
Photo of Katrina Lane LLC, Counselor in Richardson, TX
Katrina Lane LLC
Counselor, LPC-S, LMFT, NCC, LCMHC
Verified Verified
Richardson, TX 75080
Do you feel anxious, depressed, or overwhelmed? Are you having a difficult time right now? You may have been through a lot and find that your past may be interfering with your current relationships or with your work. Would you like to be more at peace with yourself and understand yourself better? Maybe you want to be comfortable in your own skin, or maybe you just want to be a better person for yourself, your family, or your partner. Copy katrina-lane.clientsecure.me into your browser to schedule a consultation.
Do you feel anxious, depressed, or overwhelmed? Are you having a difficult time right now? You may have been through a lot and find that your past may be interfering with your current relationships or with your work. Would you like to be more at peace with yourself and understand yourself better? Maybe you want to be comfortable in your own skin, or maybe you just want to be a better person for yourself, your family, or your partner. Copy katrina-lane.clientsecure.me into your browser to schedule a consultation.
(214) 919-5339 View (214) 919-5339
Photo of Deborah Mata, Licensed Professional Counselor in Richardson, TX
Deborah Mata
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Richardson, TX 75080
My clients are affected by stressful transitions like relationships ending and other loss. They face anxiety, depression, disorders related to identity/body image, disordered eating and addictions. Some of my clientele have experienced traumatic events yet learn to have a new relationship with themselves and their significant others. I have training in solving relationship problems specific to emotional bonding and intimacy. Advocating healthy relationships, I assess inner issues like identity, body image, and desire. I evaluate outer issues like workplace discrimination, family conflict and other barriers to life satisfaction.
My clients are affected by stressful transitions like relationships ending and other loss. They face anxiety, depression, disorders related to identity/body image, disordered eating and addictions. Some of my clientele have experienced traumatic events yet learn to have a new relationship with themselves and their significant others. I have training in solving relationship problems specific to emotional bonding and intimacy. Advocating healthy relationships, I assess inner issues like identity, body image, and desire. I evaluate outer issues like workplace discrimination, family conflict and other barriers to life satisfaction.
(214) 935-3947 View (214) 935-3947
Photo of Dr. Nichelle Chandler, Licensed Professional Counselor in Richardson, TX
Dr. Nichelle Chandler
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC-S, LCDC , RPT, CEAP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Richardson, TX 75080
You did it! You've bravely taken the first step towards realizing the life you've envisioned, one free from stress, anxiety, depression, and low self-esteem. I admire your courage and readiness to embrace a life of fulfillment and well-being. ‍I'm here to support you every step of the way. ARE YOU: Facing challenges in your relationship? Wondering if there's more to life than just going through the motions? Struggling to balance work, family, and personal obligations? DO YOU: Feel consumed by depression, stress or anxiety?
You did it! You've bravely taken the first step towards realizing the life you've envisioned, one free from stress, anxiety, depression, and low self-esteem. I admire your courage and readiness to embrace a life of fulfillment and well-being. ‍I'm here to support you every step of the way. ARE YOU: Facing challenges in your relationship? Wondering if there's more to life than just going through the motions? Struggling to balance work, family, and personal obligations? DO YOU: Feel consumed by depression, stress or anxiety?
(469) 529-8692 View (469) 529-8692
Photo of Richland Oaks Counseling Center, Psychologist in Richardson, TX
Richland Oaks Counseling Center
Psychologist, LP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Richardson, TX 75081
Richland Oaks Counseling Center (ROCC) is a non-profit clinic with offices in Richardson and McKinney. We offer a full spectrum of services including psychotherapy for children, adolescents, and adults in individual, couple, family, and group therapy settings. ROCC also offers a range of psychological testing services including assessments of intelligence, personality, learning disorders and giftedness, ADD/ADHD, Disability and Rehabilitation Service assessments, and assessments to aid in the diagnosis and treatment of other mental health concerns.
Richland Oaks Counseling Center (ROCC) is a non-profit clinic with offices in Richardson and McKinney. We offer a full spectrum of services including psychotherapy for children, adolescents, and adults in individual, couple, family, and group therapy settings. ROCC also offers a range of psychological testing services including assessments of intelligence, personality, learning disorders and giftedness, ADD/ADHD, Disability and Rehabilitation Service assessments, and assessments to aid in the diagnosis and treatment of other mental health concerns.
(469) 203-4044 View (469) 203-4044
Photo of Jeremy Cassius, Licensed Professional Counselor in Richardson, TX
Jeremy Cassius
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC, MEd
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Richardson, TX 75081
I treat clients that have general mental health issues. I enjoy working with adolescents and adults who need help with depression, anxiety, career, anger, and loss. I partner with attorneys and the court system to perform assessments for legal proceedings. I work with personal injury attorneys, family attorneys, and criminal attorneys. I partner with immigration attorneys to perform mental health assessments for clients seeking "extreme psychological hardship", alylum, U-Visa, or VAWA waiver.
I treat clients that have general mental health issues. I enjoy working with adolescents and adults who need help with depression, anxiety, career, anger, and loss. I partner with attorneys and the court system to perform assessments for legal proceedings. I work with personal injury attorneys, family attorneys, and criminal attorneys. I partner with immigration attorneys to perform mental health assessments for clients seeking "extreme psychological hardship", alylum, U-Visa, or VAWA waiver.
(214) 516-7435 View (214) 516-7435
Photo of Creating Harmony, Inc, Psychologist in Richardson, TX
Creating Harmony, Inc
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Richardson, TX 75080
Specialty areas include ADD/ADHD, abandonment, adoption, body dysmorphic disorder, communication, depression, relationships, family of origin issues, and normal conflict resolutions.
IS YOUR RELATIONSHIP SUFFERING? I specialize in couples/marital counseling and will help expedite resolution whether you are married, single, straight, gay, or lesbian. I also befriend people struggling in a mixed-orientation marriage, where one partner is gay and the other is straight. My ongoing mission is to create a therapeutic environment that is comfortable and non-threatening, a safe sanctuary for expressing inner feelings and disclosing personal problems for both individuals and couples. I understand that each situation is unique and therefore, treatment is tailored accordingly.
Specialty areas include ADD/ADHD, abandonment, adoption, body dysmorphic disorder, communication, depression, relationships, family of origin issues, and normal conflict resolutions.
IS YOUR RELATIONSHIP SUFFERING? I specialize in couples/marital counseling and will help expedite resolution whether you are married, single, straight, gay, or lesbian. I also befriend people struggling in a mixed-orientation marriage, where one partner is gay and the other is straight. My ongoing mission is to create a therapeutic environment that is comfortable and non-threatening, a safe sanctuary for expressing inner feelings and disclosing personal problems for both individuals and couples. I understand that each situation is unique and therefore, treatment is tailored accordingly.
(972) 316-9954 View (972) 316-9954
Photo of Aaron Hands, Psychologist in Richardson, TX
Aaron Hands
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Richardson, TX 75080
As a licensed psychologist, I provide individual therapy for adolescents and adults, specializing in the assessment and treatment of depression, anxiety, behavioral problems, learning difficulties, social dysfunction, and trauma. I use various evidence-based practices in treatment, primarily employing psychodynamic techniques and drawing upon cognitive-behavioral strategies as necessary. I believe in an integrative approach to therapy, one in which treatment is uniquely tailored to best address the needs of the individual or family.
As a licensed psychologist, I provide individual therapy for adolescents and adults, specializing in the assessment and treatment of depression, anxiety, behavioral problems, learning difficulties, social dysfunction, and trauma. I use various evidence-based practices in treatment, primarily employing psychodynamic techniques and drawing upon cognitive-behavioral strategies as necessary. I believe in an integrative approach to therapy, one in which treatment is uniquely tailored to best address the needs of the individual or family.
(469) 416-3318 View (469) 416-3318
Photo of Allison Rose Pita, Licensed Professional Counselor in Richardson, TX
Allison Rose Pita
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, CCTP-II, CATP, NATC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Richardson, TX 75081
I also work with high-conflict family court cases, offering testimony if needed.
Through my years of experience as a complex trauma therapist, I have developed a profound compassion for those who have been victimized by abusers. I specialize in emotional, psychological, physical, narcissistic, coercive control, and sexual abuse. Abuse and trauma have wide-ranging impacts, encompassing anxiety, depression, suicidality, hopelessness, despair, loneliness, grief, isolation, hurt, overwhelm, confusion, impaired functioning, loss of identity, fear, interpersonal difficulties, anger, mistrust, and more. I have created a safe environment for you to overcome your trauma. I am passionate about your healing.
I also work with high-conflict family court cases, offering testimony if needed.
Through my years of experience as a complex trauma therapist, I have developed a profound compassion for those who have been victimized by abusers. I specialize in emotional, psychological, physical, narcissistic, coercive control, and sexual abuse. Abuse and trauma have wide-ranging impacts, encompassing anxiety, depression, suicidality, hopelessness, despair, loneliness, grief, isolation, hurt, overwhelm, confusion, impaired functioning, loss of identity, fear, interpersonal difficulties, anger, mistrust, and more. I have created a safe environment for you to overcome your trauma. I am passionate about your healing.
(972) 665-6214 View (972) 665-6214
Family Therapy

What do family therapists do?

A family therapist facilitates the process of understanding and improving how a family functions. The therapist will help family members develop empathy for one another. They’ll seek to understand existing patterns, misunderstandings, and conflicts that arise, in order to help the family arrive at a realistic, unified understanding and develop the coping skills they need to build stronger relationships.

How long does therapy for families take to work?

Therapy manifests differently in every family; a common time frame is 12 weekly sessions, but some families may see improvement after just a few weeks. Families should discuss their goals with the therapist at the beginning of the process and periodically revisit those goals to assess their progress together.

How can you encourage a family member to attend family therapy?

You can encourage family members to attend therapy by expressing with both love and concern the challenges you see and explaining how a therapist could help the family navigate those challenges together. An outside perspective can help everyone feel heard, get on the same page, and develop new skills. If family members are still hesitant, it may be helpful to emphasize that family therapy is short-term—it won’t last forever.

Is therapy for families effective?

Family therapy can significantly improve family dynamics and relationships. Research suggests that family therapy can help individuals understand their role in the family, communicate and solve problems together, reduce conflict and draw boundaries when necessary, and develop coping skills for stressors, major life changes, and mental or physical illnesses within the family.