Family Therapy in Castro-Upper Market, San Francisco, CA

Photo of Shawn Michael Nichols in Castro-Upper Market, San Francisco, CA
Shawn Michael Nichols
PhD, MA, CC
Verified Verified
Castro-Upper Market, San Francisco, CA 94114  (Online Only)
If you don't like what's happening in your family or workplace, let's change it.
Executive Coaching. Frustrated with managing your coworkers, staff, or children? I'm an Organizational Psychologist, helping people develop better Behaviors and Systems. Success is in the way you speak, strategize, and hold others to healthier actions every day. Be the best leader or parent - they have a great deal in common. What you should find through our work is: relationships become more positive, you are understood, and you can lead others to develop their own improved social skills and interactions. You will understand emotional responses and they will learn daily methods to reject fear and ambivalence.
If you don't like what's happening in your family or workplace, let's change it.
Executive Coaching. Frustrated with managing your coworkers, staff, or children? I'm an Organizational Psychologist, helping people develop better Behaviors and Systems. Success is in the way you speak, strategize, and hold others to healthier actions every day. Be the best leader or parent - they have a great deal in common. What you should find through our work is: relationships become more positive, you are understood, and you can lead others to develop their own improved social skills and interactions. You will understand emotional responses and they will learn daily methods to reject fear and ambivalence.
(707) 205-4638 View (707) 205-4638
Photo of Irina Slutsky, Marriage & Family Therapist in Castro-Upper Market, San Francisco, CA
Irina Slutsky
Marriage & Family Therapist
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Castro-Upper Market, San Francisco, CA 94114
I also use Gestalt, Somatic Therapy, Family Systems Therapy and, in terms of substance use, Abstinence Recovery support (12-Step, etc.
Struggling with relationships? Experiencing the many ways substance use can create pain, whether for you or someone you love? Are you living with a mental health condition that requires support? Identifying limiting beliefs and unhelpful behaviors is an essential step to living an emotionally stable life, whatever difficult crossroads you may be experiencing. Often, emotional recovery begins with healing long-buried childhood trauma. My goal in therapy with you is to be your guide on this healing journey. You don't have to do it alone. And I believe relief can sometimes happen as early as the first session. Licensed in CA and FL.
I also use Gestalt, Somatic Therapy, Family Systems Therapy and, in terms of substance use, Abstinence Recovery support (12-Step, etc.
Struggling with relationships? Experiencing the many ways substance use can create pain, whether for you or someone you love? Are you living with a mental health condition that requires support? Identifying limiting beliefs and unhelpful behaviors is an essential step to living an emotionally stable life, whatever difficult crossroads you may be experiencing. Often, emotional recovery begins with healing long-buried childhood trauma. My goal in therapy with you is to be your guide on this healing journey. You don't have to do it alone. And I believe relief can sometimes happen as early as the first session. Licensed in CA and FL.
(650) 731-5084 View (650) 731-5084
Photo of Sheron Gershelis, Pre-Licensed Professional in Castro-Upper Market, San Francisco, CA
Sheron Gershelis
Pre-Licensed Professional, ASW, EMDR
Verified Verified
Castro-Upper Market, San Francisco, CA 94114
Together, we delve into traumas, anxiety, depression, and family/relationship challenges, understanding how these stressors impact your life.
Are you struggling with work, relational, and life stressors that have overwhelmed you and you are unsure what to do next? You're trying to open the next chapter in your life, but your past traumas and anxiety stop you. This is where I come in and help guide you in making YOUR right decision. I will help you through your journey in becoming worry-free and assist you in processing unresolved feelings and learning healthy coping skills for emotional distress
Together, we delve into traumas, anxiety, depression, and family/relationship challenges, understanding how these stressors impact your life.
Are you struggling with work, relational, and life stressors that have overwhelmed you and you are unsure what to do next? You're trying to open the next chapter in your life, but your past traumas and anxiety stop you. This is where I come in and help guide you in making YOUR right decision. I will help you through your journey in becoming worry-free and assist you in processing unresolved feelings and learning healthy coping skills for emotional distress
(415) 964-4623 View (415) 964-4623
Photo of Minda Streamer, Associate Clinical Social Worker in Castro-Upper Market, San Francisco, CA
Minda Streamer
Associate Clinical Social Worker, ACSW
Not Verified Not Verified
Castro-Upper Market, San Francisco, CA 94114  (Online Only)
I am an Associate Clinical Social Worker with three years of experience providing individual and group therapy to a wide variety of people through various settings. I earned my Bachelors in American Indian Studies at UCLA and my Masters in Clinical Social Work through a Trauma Responsive program of study at the University of Chicago Crown Family School of Social Work, Policy, and Practice. I am also an enrolled member of the Los Coyotes Band of Cahuilla and Cupeño Indians.
I am an Associate Clinical Social Worker with three years of experience providing individual and group therapy to a wide variety of people through various settings. I earned my Bachelors in American Indian Studies at UCLA and my Masters in Clinical Social Work through a Trauma Responsive program of study at the University of Chicago Crown Family School of Social Work, Policy, and Practice. I am also an enrolled member of the Los Coyotes Band of Cahuilla and Cupeño Indians.
(347) 658-1393 View (347) 658-1393
Photo of Laurel Salmon, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Castro-Upper Market, San Francisco, CA
Laurel Salmon
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
Castro-Upper Market, San Francisco, CA 94114
I specialize in working with adults who struggle with anxiety, depression, trauma, life transitions, relationship/family issues, identity, & self-esteem.
Experiencing anxiety, depression, and trauma can be hard to navigate on one’s own. Through the use of integrative modalities, my goal is to help you find your way so that you can manage symptoms, feel your best, discover who you truly are, and move forward in the direction of your dreams whereby your past no longer holds you back. Using warmth and compassion, I also aim to provide trauma-informed care to discuss your struggles without judgment and safely process unresolved trauma and feelings.
I specialize in working with adults who struggle with anxiety, depression, trauma, life transitions, relationship/family issues, identity, & self-esteem.
Experiencing anxiety, depression, and trauma can be hard to navigate on one’s own. Through the use of integrative modalities, my goal is to help you find your way so that you can manage symptoms, feel your best, discover who you truly are, and move forward in the direction of your dreams whereby your past no longer holds you back. Using warmth and compassion, I also aim to provide trauma-informed care to discuss your struggles without judgment and safely process unresolved trauma and feelings.
(415) 329-7591 View (415) 329-7591
Photo of Roxanne Shooshani, Marriage & Family Therapist in Castro-Upper Market, San Francisco, CA
Roxanne Shooshani
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Castro-Upper Market, San Francisco, CA 94114  (Online Only)
Hello and welcome to your psychotherapy journey. I am here to join you as you weather life's storms. Whether it's trauma, family tensions, illness, depression, anxiety, relationship issues, loneliness, work stress, or just plain existential dread - I can support you on your healing path. I bring a breadth of experience to my sessions, including a history of therapeutic work with teens, families, the LGBTQIA community, folks with chronic pain and illnesses, college students, and elderly adults.
Hello and welcome to your psychotherapy journey. I am here to join you as you weather life's storms. Whether it's trauma, family tensions, illness, depression, anxiety, relationship issues, loneliness, work stress, or just plain existential dread - I can support you on your healing path. I bring a breadth of experience to my sessions, including a history of therapeutic work with teens, families, the LGBTQIA community, folks with chronic pain and illnesses, college students, and elderly adults.
(415) 895-9571 View (415) 895-9571
Photo of Alexa Enyart, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Castro-Upper Market, San Francisco, CA
Alexa Enyart
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
Castro-Upper Market, San Francisco, CA 94114
I have expertise in relationship/family dynamics & attachment issues.
Do you feel as though your anxiety and depression are unmanageable? How about feelings of sadness, hopelessness, or helplessness like you’ve hit rock bottom and are struggling to find hope for tomorrow? Once we start to unravel the details of our past and trauma we give ourselves the ability to process feelings that we have long suppressed. I aim to collaborate with you and provide tools to decrease the challenging feelings you are currently facing and achieve a more integrated and balanced sense of self, leading to emotional healing and personal growth.
I have expertise in relationship/family dynamics & attachment issues.
Do you feel as though your anxiety and depression are unmanageable? How about feelings of sadness, hopelessness, or helplessness like you’ve hit rock bottom and are struggling to find hope for tomorrow? Once we start to unravel the details of our past and trauma we give ourselves the ability to process feelings that we have long suppressed. I aim to collaborate with you and provide tools to decrease the challenging feelings you are currently facing and achieve a more integrated and balanced sense of self, leading to emotional healing and personal growth.
(415) 915-0988 View (415) 915-0988
Photo of Sterling Walker, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Castro-Upper Market, San Francisco, CA
Sterling Walker
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
Castro-Upper Market, San Francisco, CA 94114
Throughout our lives, we all have experienced feelings of depression, anxiety, and anger. These emotions leave you feeling insecure, shameful, lonely, unworthy and stuck in unhealthy patterns of behavior. Trauma can have negative emotional and physical effects and can lead to family/relationship issues. I specialize in solution-focused brief therapy, motivational interviewing, mindfulness and CBT. These approaches allow me to work with the client to decrease symptoms of anxiety and depression and other health/behavioral issues.
Throughout our lives, we all have experienced feelings of depression, anxiety, and anger. These emotions leave you feeling insecure, shameful, lonely, unworthy and stuck in unhealthy patterns of behavior. Trauma can have negative emotional and physical effects and can lead to family/relationship issues. I specialize in solution-focused brief therapy, motivational interviewing, mindfulness and CBT. These approaches allow me to work with the client to decrease symptoms of anxiety and depression and other health/behavioral issues.
(415) 980-8479 View (415) 980-8479
Photo of Leila Kakunda, Marriage & Family Therapist in Castro-Upper Market, San Francisco, CA
Leila Kakunda
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Castro-Upper Market, San Francisco, CA 94114  (Online Only)
Hi there and welcome! I am Leila, a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist located in San Francisco. Over the last several years, I have supported my clients with anxiety, depression, parenting challenges, relationship issues, trauma and life's transitions. My style of therapy is relational, strength based and integrative. Through the therapeutic relationship and collaborating on practices like self-compassion, body-mind integration, and boundary-setting, I support my clients on their paths to finding relief from their symptoms and building a sense of empowerment.
Hi there and welcome! I am Leila, a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist located in San Francisco. Over the last several years, I have supported my clients with anxiety, depression, parenting challenges, relationship issues, trauma and life's transitions. My style of therapy is relational, strength based and integrative. Through the therapeutic relationship and collaborating on practices like self-compassion, body-mind integration, and boundary-setting, I support my clients on their paths to finding relief from their symptoms and building a sense of empowerment.
(415) 660-9615 View (415) 660-9615
Photo of Dorise Hebenstreit, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Castro-Upper Market, San Francisco, CA
Dorise Hebenstreit
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT, EMDR
Verified Verified
Castro-Upper Market, San Francisco, CA 94114
My focus is to help individuals and families heal from anxiety, depression, trauma, and relationship/family issues. As the therapeutic area of concern is introduced, we can begin to work together in developing empowerment of self as we set up together healthy and achievable goals. I aim to establish include compassion, good communication and trust. In our relationship then I will work alongside you to develop your own coping tools. My approach is a person-centered (positive type) direction to further your strengths and resilience which is tailored towards your specific goals and needs.
My focus is to help individuals and families heal from anxiety, depression, trauma, and relationship/family issues. As the therapeutic area of concern is introduced, we can begin to work together in developing empowerment of self as we set up together healthy and achievable goals. I aim to establish include compassion, good communication and trust. In our relationship then I will work alongside you to develop your own coping tools. My approach is a person-centered (positive type) direction to further your strengths and resilience which is tailored towards your specific goals and needs.
(415) 877-9581 View (415) 877-9581
Photo of Sterling Walker, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Castro-Upper Market, San Francisco, CA
Sterling Walker
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
Castro-Upper Market, San Francisco, CA 94114
Throughout our lives, we all have experienced feelings of depression, anxiety, and anger. These emotions leave you feeling insecure, shameful, lonely, unworthy and stuck in unhealthy patterns of behavior. Trauma can have negative emotional and physical effects and can lead to family/relationship issues. I specialize in solution-focused brief therapy, motivational interviewing, mindfulness and CBT. These approaches allow me to work with the client to decrease symptoms of anxiety and depression and other health/behavioral issues.
Throughout our lives, we all have experienced feelings of depression, anxiety, and anger. These emotions leave you feeling insecure, shameful, lonely, unworthy and stuck in unhealthy patterns of behavior. Trauma can have negative emotional and physical effects and can lead to family/relationship issues. I specialize in solution-focused brief therapy, motivational interviewing, mindfulness and CBT. These approaches allow me to work with the client to decrease symptoms of anxiety and depression and other health/behavioral issues.
(415) 840-3997 View (415) 840-3997
Photo of Kelly Albrecht, Pre-Licensed Professional in Castro-Upper Market, San Francisco, CA
Kelly Albrecht
Pre-Licensed Professional, ASW
Verified Verified
Castro-Upper Market, San Francisco, CA 94114
Are you struggling to process depression, anxiety, relationship/family issues, and trauma? These emotional ruptures can cause major disruptions in our lives. The work to process these types of life events is multifaceted, and I can help you identify your feelings and potential relational patterns, build tolerance and acceptance around challenging ones, and set meaningful goals. In order to do so, I utilize various therapeutic approaches consisting of ACT, CBT, and Problem Solving Therapy and somatic interventions.
Are you struggling to process depression, anxiety, relationship/family issues, and trauma? These emotional ruptures can cause major disruptions in our lives. The work to process these types of life events is multifaceted, and I can help you identify your feelings and potential relational patterns, build tolerance and acceptance around challenging ones, and set meaningful goals. In order to do so, I utilize various therapeutic approaches consisting of ACT, CBT, and Problem Solving Therapy and somatic interventions.
(415) 275-6276 View (415) 275-6276
Photo of Jan S. Cehn, LCSW,BCD, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Castro-Upper Market, San Francisco, CA
Jan S. Cehn, LCSW,BCD
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, BCD
Verified Verified
Castro-Upper Market, San Francisco, CA 94114
Preteen and teen years can be particularly stressful for the entire family.
I am an experienced therapist who has been working with teens, individuals, couples and families for over 30 years. I see therapy as a partnership: you enter this process with your particular issues and uniqueness and together, through building trust, being curious and using specialized techniques, you progress. My approach is based on my client's personal history and their needs and, in general, I am quite interactive. I provide short-term as well as long-term treatment.
Preteen and teen years can be particularly stressful for the entire family.
I am an experienced therapist who has been working with teens, individuals, couples and families for over 30 years. I see therapy as a partnership: you enter this process with your particular issues and uniqueness and together, through building trust, being curious and using specialized techniques, you progress. My approach is based on my client's personal history and their needs and, in general, I am quite interactive. I provide short-term as well as long-term treatment.
(415) 889-8965 View (415) 889-8965
Photo of Judith Tripp, Marriage & Family Therapist in Castro-Upper Market, San Francisco, CA
Judith Tripp
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Castro-Upper Market, San Francisco, CA 94114
Thirty-four years of experience have taught me what works in therapy. I utilize techniques from psychodynamic, cognitive, somatic and transpersonal approaches. I have skill and experience working with people who are anxious or depressed. I have worked successfully with people who have experienced childhood sexual abuse and people who have had difficulty in relationships. I will meet you with respect and compassion and work with you to develop a strategy for healing your wounds, disappointments and existential dilemmas. Together we will work to reveal the best of you-freed from debilitating family patterns, constraining belief systems and dysfunctional habits
Thirty-four years of experience have taught me what works in therapy. I utilize techniques from psychodynamic, cognitive, somatic and transpersonal approaches. I have skill and experience working with people who are anxious or depressed. I have worked successfully with people who have experienced childhood sexual abuse and people who have had difficulty in relationships. I will meet you with respect and compassion and work with you to develop a strategy for healing your wounds, disappointments and existential dilemmas. Together we will work to reveal the best of you-freed from debilitating family patterns, constraining belief systems and dysfunctional habits
(650) 385-8345 View (650) 385-8345
Photo of CK Olivieri Blackmore, Marriage & Family Therapist in Castro-Upper Market, San Francisco, CA
CK Olivieri Blackmore
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT, PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Castro-Upper Market, San Francisco, CA 94114  (Online Only)
CK Olivieri Blackmore is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist who approaches life with warmth, compassion, and creativity. CK specializes in relationship dynamics, post-traumatic stress disorders, and developmental life transitions. She is particularly adept at issues pertaining to the queer community and their loved ones. CK utilizes eclectic modalities such as CBT, DBT, EMDR, EFT, Gottman, and IFS to navigate the nuanced needs of her diverse clientele and the associated sexual and gendered concerns that arise. Blending insight-oriented and behavioral change practices, CK works from a quirky and truly innovative lens.
CK Olivieri Blackmore is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist who approaches life with warmth, compassion, and creativity. CK specializes in relationship dynamics, post-traumatic stress disorders, and developmental life transitions. She is particularly adept at issues pertaining to the queer community and their loved ones. CK utilizes eclectic modalities such as CBT, DBT, EMDR, EFT, Gottman, and IFS to navigate the nuanced needs of her diverse clientele and the associated sexual and gendered concerns that arise. Blending insight-oriented and behavioral change practices, CK works from a quirky and truly innovative lens.
(518) 269-5458 View (518) 269-5458
Photo of Carrie Johnson, Marriage & Family Therapist in Castro-Upper Market, San Francisco, CA
Carrie Johnson
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Castro-Upper Market, San Francisco, CA 94114
Is your family navigating significant changes, transitions, or a recent diagnosis or identified learning difference? Is your child struggling with self-esteem, behavior challenges, or anxiety and depression? Do you want to break a cycle of blame and resentment in your intimate relationship, or need a couples tune-up? Are you searching for more fulfillment and less stress in your busy life? These are just a few of the issues I am experienced in treating as a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT79984). I offer psychotherapy for children, adolescents, families, couples, and individuals.
Is your family navigating significant changes, transitions, or a recent diagnosis or identified learning difference? Is your child struggling with self-esteem, behavior challenges, or anxiety and depression? Do you want to break a cycle of blame and resentment in your intimate relationship, or need a couples tune-up? Are you searching for more fulfillment and less stress in your busy life? These are just a few of the issues I am experienced in treating as a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT79984). I offer psychotherapy for children, adolescents, families, couples, and individuals.
(415) 969-9429 View (415) 969-9429
Gaylesta, Psych Assn for Gender & Sexual Diversity
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, PsyD, LMFT, LCSW, LPCC
Verified Verified
Castro-Upper Market, San Francisco, CA 94114
Clients can search for and locate a Nothern California psychiatrist, psychologist, marriage and family therapist or social worker by using our "find a therapist" website at: https://gaylesta.
WELCOME to Gaylesta: The Psychotherapist Association for Gender and Sexual Diversity. Our members provide mental health services including therapist referrals, education, and consultation. We offer a wide range of specializations, allowing us to serve as a unique resource both the LGBTQ communities and to other service providers. Explore our site to find a therapist, learn more about us, or become a valued member.
Clients can search for and locate a Nothern California psychiatrist, psychologist, marriage and family therapist or social worker by using our "find a therapist" website at: https://gaylesta.
WELCOME to Gaylesta: The Psychotherapist Association for Gender and Sexual Diversity. Our members provide mental health services including therapist referrals, education, and consultation. We offer a wide range of specializations, allowing us to serve as a unique resource both the LGBTQ communities and to other service providers. Explore our site to find a therapist, learn more about us, or become a valued member.
Photo of Angela Soto, Marriage & Family Therapist in Castro-Upper Market, San Francisco, CA
Angela Soto
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Castro-Upper Market, San Francisco, CA 94114
Hi, I’m Angela Carlos a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. I have a master’s degree in counseling psychology and have been licensed since 2017. I work from a cognitive behavioral modality combined with person centered and solution focused. I believe in assisting clients on their journey to develop better quality of life.
Hi, I’m Angela Carlos a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. I have a master’s degree in counseling psychology and have been licensed since 2017. I work from a cognitive behavioral modality combined with person centered and solution focused. I believe in assisting clients on their journey to develop better quality of life.
(415) 903-7957 View (415) 903-7957
Photo of Jiyoung Kim, Associate Clinical Social Worker in Castro-Upper Market, San Francisco, CA
Jiyoung Kim
Associate Clinical Social Worker, ASW, EMDR
Verified Verified
Castro-Upper Market, San Francisco, CA 94114
I have expertise in couples and family therapy.
Do you find difficulties with feelings of depression, anxiety, relationship/family problems, and trauma? These emotional disruptions can have a significant impact on our lives. Coping with these events requires various approaches, and I can assist you in recognizing your emotions and identifying possible patterns in your relationships. I can also help you develop resilience and acceptance towards challenging emotions, and support you in setting meaningful goals. I utilize EMDR, CBT, trauma-informed care, mindfulness, & person-centered therapy to reduce anxiety and trauma symptoms, foster resilience, and enhance the quality of life.
I have expertise in couples and family therapy.
Do you find difficulties with feelings of depression, anxiety, relationship/family problems, and trauma? These emotional disruptions can have a significant impact on our lives. Coping with these events requires various approaches, and I can assist you in recognizing your emotions and identifying possible patterns in your relationships. I can also help you develop resilience and acceptance towards challenging emotions, and support you in setting meaningful goals. I utilize EMDR, CBT, trauma-informed care, mindfulness, & person-centered therapy to reduce anxiety and trauma symptoms, foster resilience, and enhance the quality of life.
(415) 870-8256 View (415) 870-8256
Photo of Emily Donavon, Marriage & Family Therapist in Castro-Upper Market, San Francisco, CA
Emily Donavon
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Castro-Upper Market, San Francisco, CA 94158  (Online Only)
I completed my clinical degree and training at Fuller Theological Seminary with an emphasis in Medical Family Therapy and a certification as a Level Two Restoration Therapist.
Hi, I'm Emily. I am here to know, educate, and encourage young people and their families to help them understand themselves, take excellent care of themselves, and to have healthy, vulnerable relationships.
I completed my clinical degree and training at Fuller Theological Seminary with an emphasis in Medical Family Therapy and a certification as a Level Two Restoration Therapist.
Hi, I'm Emily. I am here to know, educate, and encourage young people and their families to help them understand themselves, take excellent care of themselves, and to have healthy, vulnerable relationships.
(415) 340-8903 View (415) 340-8903

See more therapy options for Castro-Upper Market, San Francisco

Family Therapy

What do family therapists do?

A family therapist facilitates the process of understanding and improving how a family functions. The therapist will help family members develop empathy for one another. They’ll seek to understand existing patterns, misunderstandings, and conflicts that arise, in order to help the family arrive at a realistic, unified understanding and develop the coping skills they need to build stronger relationships.

How long does therapy for families take to work?

Therapy manifests differently in every family; a common time frame is 12 weekly sessions, but some families may see improvement after just a few weeks. Families should discuss their goals with the therapist at the beginning of the process and periodically revisit those goals to assess their progress together.

How can you encourage a family member to attend family therapy?

You can encourage family members to attend therapy by expressing with both love and concern the challenges you see and explaining how a therapist could help the family navigate those challenges together. An outside perspective can help everyone feel heard, get on the same page, and develop new skills. If family members are still hesitant, it may be helpful to emphasize that family therapy is short-term—it won’t last forever.

Is therapy for families effective?

Family therapy can significantly improve family dynamics and relationships. Research suggests that family therapy can help individuals understand their role in the family, communicate and solve problems together, reduce conflict and draw boundaries when necessary, and develop coping skills for stressors, major life changes, and mental or physical illnesses within the family.