Photo of Steven Alexander, Psychologist in 20814, MD
Steven Alexander
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Bethesda, MD 20814
Selecting the right therapist is an important, personal decision. You deserve to work with someone who is compassionate and highly skilled in helping to bring about desired changes in your life. In nearly thirty years of clinical experience, I have helped people attain more satisfying personal and family relationships, cope with symptoms of anxiety or depression, and learn to better manage the stress of daily life.
Selecting the right therapist is an important, personal decision. You deserve to work with someone who is compassionate and highly skilled in helping to bring about desired changes in your life. In nearly thirty years of clinical experience, I have helped people attain more satisfying personal and family relationships, cope with symptoms of anxiety or depression, and learn to better manage the stress of daily life.
(301) 979-7856 View (301) 979-7856
Photo of Katy Gustafson, Counselor in 20814, MD
Katy Gustafson
Counselor, MS, LCPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Bethesda, MD 20814
I tend to focus on EFT, CBT, family of origin issues, interpersonal relationships, healthy communication, psycho-education, mindfulness training, and trauma informed approaches in therapy.
Perhaps you feel sad, incapable, overwhelmed or responsible for the hardships you've suffered either personally or between other people? Is your self-understanding based on how other people think or treat you? Whatever your struggle, the first step is finding support. I know asking for help can be hard and may seem to make things worse, like your fears are real. But let me pause and remind you that your life does not have to be dictated by others or negative feelings. Finding true freedom in relationships and with yourself is really possible! You just have to take that first step, in fact you're already doing it.
I tend to focus on EFT, CBT, family of origin issues, interpersonal relationships, healthy communication, psycho-education, mindfulness training, and trauma informed approaches in therapy.
Perhaps you feel sad, incapable, overwhelmed or responsible for the hardships you've suffered either personally or between other people? Is your self-understanding based on how other people think or treat you? Whatever your struggle, the first step is finding support. I know asking for help can be hard and may seem to make things worse, like your fears are real. But let me pause and remind you that your life does not have to be dictated by others or negative feelings. Finding true freedom in relationships and with yourself is really possible! You just have to take that first step, in fact you're already doing it.
(202) 915-5567 View (202) 915-5567
Photo of Matthew Burgess Leary, Psychologist in 20814, MD
Matthew Burgess Leary
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Bethesda, MD 20814  (Online Only)
I believe it shows courage to seek out therapy, especially couples and family therapy. You may be struggling with serious emotional issues, deep personal crises, relationship distress, or a sense of distance with your child or adolescent. Many couples I work with have lost a sense of connection and/or find themselves hurting each other over and over again. Many individuals I work with simply want to get more from their lives - more love, joy, and connection. I collaborate with you to create a therapy environment that is warm, safe, supportive, challenging when needed, and authentic.
I believe it shows courage to seek out therapy, especially couples and family therapy. You may be struggling with serious emotional issues, deep personal crises, relationship distress, or a sense of distance with your child or adolescent. Many couples I work with have lost a sense of connection and/or find themselves hurting each other over and over again. Many individuals I work with simply want to get more from their lives - more love, joy, and connection. I collaborate with you to create a therapy environment that is warm, safe, supportive, challenging when needed, and authentic.
(240) 221-5449 View (240) 221-5449
Photo of Luba Roytburd, Psychologist in 20814, MD
Luba Roytburd
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
13 Endorsed
Bethesda, MD 20814
I have a special interest in working with LGBTQIA+ individuals, those dealing with adjusting to a new a culture, and individuals for whom cultural differences create challenges in family relationships.
Feeling different? Do you have a sense that people don’t get you? Do you travel a different path than everybody else? Are you living your life very differently from what other people expect you to? Life can be tough when you feel different. Different can also mean isolated, lonely, and misunderstood. But you can be different and still fit in. That's where I can help.
I have a special interest in working with LGBTQIA+ individuals, those dealing with adjusting to a new a culture, and individuals for whom cultural differences create challenges in family relationships.
Feeling different? Do you have a sense that people don’t get you? Do you travel a different path than everybody else? Are you living your life very differently from what other people expect you to? Life can be tough when you feel different. Different can also mean isolated, lonely, and misunderstood. But you can be different and still fit in. That's where I can help.
(301) 329-2377 View (301) 329-2377
Photo of Amber McCrady Toeller, Counselor in 20814, MD
Amber McCrady Toeller
Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Bethesda, MD 20814
Please reach out if you would like to connect about individual, group, or family therapy.
In our fast-paced world, it can be tempting to just keep scrolling and hope that things will eventually slow down and work out. I believe in helping my clients live their lives with intention and purpose. I will work with you to identify your hopes, goals, and strengths so that every day feels meaningful and your life doesn’t just pass you by. I teach both concrete tools to support my clients in their daily living as well as provide a safe container for clients to explore parts of themselves they want to learn more about.
Please reach out if you would like to connect about individual, group, or family therapy.
In our fast-paced world, it can be tempting to just keep scrolling and hope that things will eventually slow down and work out. I believe in helping my clients live their lives with intention and purpose. I will work with you to identify your hopes, goals, and strengths so that every day feels meaningful and your life doesn’t just pass you by. I teach both concrete tools to support my clients in their daily living as well as provide a safe container for clients to explore parts of themselves they want to learn more about.
(301) 368-6011 View (301) 368-6011
Photo of Daniel Abzug, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 20814, MD
Daniel Abzug
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Bethesda, MD 20814
With extensive experience facilitating individual, family, and group therapy with adolescents and adults in multiple settings, I have developed a unique passion for working with a wide variety of populations and age-groups.
Many of us don't know where to begin at the moment we realize we need help or simply become interested in exploring our lives and relationships. We may hear about many different treatment modalities (CBT, DBT, EMDR, etc.) and feel confused about what "type" of therapist we should meet with. I simplify all of this by being straight-forward, down-to-earth, and adept at helping you use the best and most effective components of every modality available. Within our first meeting you will have a better understanding of yourself and what you want to manifest in your life.
With extensive experience facilitating individual, family, and group therapy with adolescents and adults in multiple settings, I have developed a unique passion for working with a wide variety of populations and age-groups.
Many of us don't know where to begin at the moment we realize we need help or simply become interested in exploring our lives and relationships. We may hear about many different treatment modalities (CBT, DBT, EMDR, etc.) and feel confused about what "type" of therapist we should meet with. I simplify all of this by being straight-forward, down-to-earth, and adept at helping you use the best and most effective components of every modality available. Within our first meeting you will have a better understanding of yourself and what you want to manifest in your life.
(301) 683-5318 View (301) 683-5318
Photo of Pauliann Long, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 20814, MD
Pauliann Long
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
Bethesda, MD 20814
I help clients develop skills for emotional literacy as a certified PAIRS (Practical Application of Intimate Relationship Skills) and PEERS Instructor in both office and workshop settings, and have specialized training in Attachment Theory, Brief Strategic Family Therapy, Substance Abuse, Adolescence and Trauma.
Are you feeling off-center, frustrated, overwhelmed, stuck? Want support in balancing the challenges in your life? Does negativity or anger undermine healthy relationships within your family? Maybe you wish for more effective ways of communicating, or the means to improve your outlook and energy level. Are you experiencing divorce, or the loss of a loved one, and need assistance in moving through the grieving process? Are you in the throes of a major life transition or crisis? I will assist you in developing insight, understanding, and strategies to address your particular issues and help you move toward overall well-being.
I help clients develop skills for emotional literacy as a certified PAIRS (Practical Application of Intimate Relationship Skills) and PEERS Instructor in both office and workshop settings, and have specialized training in Attachment Theory, Brief Strategic Family Therapy, Substance Abuse, Adolescence and Trauma.
Are you feeling off-center, frustrated, overwhelmed, stuck? Want support in balancing the challenges in your life? Does negativity or anger undermine healthy relationships within your family? Maybe you wish for more effective ways of communicating, or the means to improve your outlook and energy level. Are you experiencing divorce, or the loss of a loved one, and need assistance in moving through the grieving process? Are you in the throes of a major life transition or crisis? I will assist you in developing insight, understanding, and strategies to address your particular issues and help you move toward overall well-being.
(240) 339-4737 View (240) 339-4737
Photo of Rob Scuka, PhD, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 20814, MD
Rob Scuka, PhD
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD
Verified Verified
Bethesda, MD 20814  (Online Only)
I always seek to bring a passionate engagement to my work with individuals, couples and families. I specialize in helping people with relationship issues and am devoted to helping people develop deeply satisfying and fulfilling intimate and family relationships. I am especially committed to helping couples preserve their primary intimate relationship in the face of challenging life circumstances and relationship issues. I have helped couples in crisis come back from the brink of divorce, I have helped couples recover from the trauma of infidelity, and I have helped couples navigate the process of grief over a lost family member.
I always seek to bring a passionate engagement to my work with individuals, couples and families. I specialize in helping people with relationship issues and am devoted to helping people develop deeply satisfying and fulfilling intimate and family relationships. I am especially committed to helping couples preserve their primary intimate relationship in the face of challenging life circumstances and relationship issues. I have helped couples in crisis come back from the brink of divorce, I have helped couples recover from the trauma of infidelity, and I have helped couples navigate the process of grief over a lost family member.
(301) 830-4131 View (301) 830-4131
Photo of Sanaa Sharnoubi, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in 20814, MD
Sanaa Sharnoubi
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, MSc, LCPC, PhD
Verified Verified
Bethesda, MD 20814
If life is a journey and you are at a wrong or unfamiliar juncture, I will be a trustworthy guide and companion as you chart your way to your destination. I can help with such roadblocks as depression, anxiety, fear or shame, substance abuse, difficulties in social, romantic, marital or family relationships. Other bumps in the road might involve professional or cultural issues. My promise is to support you consistently and unconditionally. Another promise is that you will (re)discover inner resources with which you can change/enhance any part(s) of your life that you are not satisfied with.
If life is a journey and you are at a wrong or unfamiliar juncture, I will be a trustworthy guide and companion as you chart your way to your destination. I can help with such roadblocks as depression, anxiety, fear or shame, substance abuse, difficulties in social, romantic, marital or family relationships. Other bumps in the road might involve professional or cultural issues. My promise is to support you consistently and unconditionally. Another promise is that you will (re)discover inner resources with which you can change/enhance any part(s) of your life that you are not satisfied with.
(301) 852-7872 View (301) 852-7872
Photo of Christopher Barry Hill, Licensed Professional Counselor in 20814, MD
Christopher Barry Hill
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Bethesda, MD 20814
Anxiety, Depression, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Bipolar Disorder, Substance Abuse/Addiction, Generalized Anxiety Disorder, OCD, Phobias Social Anxiety, Couples/Marital Issues, Adjustment Disorders Personality Disorders, Child/Parenting, Family Issues, Medical Illness, PTSD, TBI, Panic Attacks, Psychosis, Anger, Chronic Pain.
*Now Accepting Tele-therapy Clients* Do you find yourself feeling sad, anxious, unhappy with life circumstances? Are you having relationship difficulties, feel stress from work, or have a child experiencing difficulties? I offer comprehensive assistance to change and work through many of life's challenges. If you find yourself suffering from any of these situations, or if you do not feel quite like yourself, let us help you begin on the road to improvement by addressing patient concerns, including but not limited to the following:
Anxiety, Depression, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Bipolar Disorder, Substance Abuse/Addiction, Generalized Anxiety Disorder, OCD, Phobias Social Anxiety, Couples/Marital Issues, Adjustment Disorders Personality Disorders, Child/Parenting, Family Issues, Medical Illness, PTSD, TBI, Panic Attacks, Psychosis, Anger, Chronic Pain.
*Now Accepting Tele-therapy Clients* Do you find yourself feeling sad, anxious, unhappy with life circumstances? Are you having relationship difficulties, feel stress from work, or have a child experiencing difficulties? I offer comprehensive assistance to change and work through many of life's challenges. If you find yourself suffering from any of these situations, or if you do not feel quite like yourself, let us help you begin on the road to improvement by addressing patient concerns, including but not limited to the following:
(202) 759-4221 View (202) 759-4221
Photo of Laurette Eileen Harvey, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 20814, MD
Laurette Eileen Harvey
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C, MEd
Verified Verified
Bethesda, MD 20814
Problems of Depression, Anxiety, Substance Abuse, Couples' and Family Conflict, Self Esteem, Parenting; I can help.
With over 30 years of experience to offer, I'm pleased to say that most of my clients have been referred by their friends who are or have been clients. When mutual respect develops, it ensures the trust and comfort needed to address and resolve most problems. I have always felt blessed and privileged to be a therapist and to sit with someone who is grappling with some of the most meaningful aspects of their lives. When you contact me, I'll be happy to honestly explore whether or not this will be a good therapeutic relationship.
Problems of Depression, Anxiety, Substance Abuse, Couples' and Family Conflict, Self Esteem, Parenting; I can help.
With over 30 years of experience to offer, I'm pleased to say that most of my clients have been referred by their friends who are or have been clients. When mutual respect develops, it ensures the trust and comfort needed to address and resolve most problems. I have always felt blessed and privileged to be a therapist and to sit with someone who is grappling with some of the most meaningful aspects of their lives. When you contact me, I'll be happy to honestly explore whether or not this will be a good therapeutic relationship.
(301) 804-6306 View (301) 804-6306
Photo of Lisa M Joy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 20814, MD
Lisa M Joy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bethesda, MD 20814  (Online Only)
Cognitive-behavioral therapy, strengths-based, person-centered, solution-focused, family-systems, psychoeducation, & meditation are some of these evidence-based practices.
Accepting New Clients! Lisa is a Licensed Certified Social Worker-Clinical & a board-approved clinical supervisor. With thirty years of eclectic clinical experience & eighteen years of behavioral health leadership experience, Lisa has helped a variety of people with diverse needs. This includes children, adolescents, adults, families, couples, parents, groups, communities, students, & professionals experiencing depression, anxiety, ADHD, stress, compassion fatigue, burnout, life changes, & workplace challenges. Empathy, compassion, trust, and unconditional regard are the foundation of the therapeutic relationship with Lisa.
Cognitive-behavioral therapy, strengths-based, person-centered, solution-focused, family-systems, psychoeducation, & meditation are some of these evidence-based practices.
Accepting New Clients! Lisa is a Licensed Certified Social Worker-Clinical & a board-approved clinical supervisor. With thirty years of eclectic clinical experience & eighteen years of behavioral health leadership experience, Lisa has helped a variety of people with diverse needs. This includes children, adolescents, adults, families, couples, parents, groups, communities, students, & professionals experiencing depression, anxiety, ADHD, stress, compassion fatigue, burnout, life changes, & workplace challenges. Empathy, compassion, trust, and unconditional regard are the foundation of the therapeutic relationship with Lisa.
(240) 734-2379 View (240) 734-2379
Photo of Reji Abhilash, Psychologist in 20814, MD
Reji Abhilash
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bethesda, MD 20814
My ideal client is one who has psychological mindedness to seek help & attains mental stability & self-acceptance to overcome their distress. I have the privilege of working with a wide variety of clients (children, adolescents, and adults) in providing appropriate interventions, targeting recovery & progress. I provide specialized evidence-based intervention for clients diagnosed with anxiety (OCD, panic attacks & social anxiety), depression, grief, trauma and PTSD, addiction, schizophrenia, bipolar & personality disorders (BPD), Alzheimer's & dementia including caretaking burden of the family to improve their quality of life.
My ideal client is one who has psychological mindedness to seek help & attains mental stability & self-acceptance to overcome their distress. I have the privilege of working with a wide variety of clients (children, adolescents, and adults) in providing appropriate interventions, targeting recovery & progress. I provide specialized evidence-based intervention for clients diagnosed with anxiety (OCD, panic attacks & social anxiety), depression, grief, trauma and PTSD, addiction, schizophrenia, bipolar & personality disorders (BPD), Alzheimer's & dementia including caretaking burden of the family to improve their quality of life.
(301) 900-6396 View (301) 900-6396
Photo of Karo Beygzadeh, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 20814, MD
Karo Beygzadeh
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Bethesda, MD 20814  (Online Only)
I remain open, sensitive and responsive to clients' needs and use culturally appropriate interventions to offer support and direction related to relational trauma; family-of-origin difficulties; self-esteem; parent-child relationship challenges; racial, sexual, ethnic, spiritual identity; adjustments to transitions; anger/irritability; codependency and more.
My clients gain insight, process their experiences and gain culturally sensitive skills to manage anxiety, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, ADHD, depression, and PTSD. We'll also explore and address stress related to work, transitions, shame, guilt, self-esteem, disappointment, isolation, communication, relationships (any configuration), identity, culture, trauma, grief, and loss. I work closely with each person to develop personalized treatment plans that target specific symptoms, needs, and goals. As a Middle Eastern & Kurdish immigrant, I also understand how the intersection of cultures, religions, and customs can affect people.
I remain open, sensitive and responsive to clients' needs and use culturally appropriate interventions to offer support and direction related to relational trauma; family-of-origin difficulties; self-esteem; parent-child relationship challenges; racial, sexual, ethnic, spiritual identity; adjustments to transitions; anger/irritability; codependency and more.
My clients gain insight, process their experiences and gain culturally sensitive skills to manage anxiety, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, ADHD, depression, and PTSD. We'll also explore and address stress related to work, transitions, shame, guilt, self-esteem, disappointment, isolation, communication, relationships (any configuration), identity, culture, trauma, grief, and loss. I work closely with each person to develop personalized treatment plans that target specific symptoms, needs, and goals. As a Middle Eastern & Kurdish immigrant, I also understand how the intersection of cultures, religions, and customs can affect people.
(301) 781-7942 View (301) 781-7942
Photo of Kristin Staroba LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 20814, MD
Kristin Staroba LICSW
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C, LICSW
Verified Verified
Bethesda, MD 20814
Each of us arrives at a moment when we need help. Relationships, work, health, family, money, dreams for the future or pain from the past--all impact our self-image, mood, and energy. Maybe now you've hit a bump in the road. Perhaps past events and feelings are getting in your way. Or you feel ready to make some changes. As a therapist, I join practiced clinical skills with empathic warmth. I see therapy as a process in which we learn from the past so you can make more satisfying choices now--creating a fulfilling future.
Each of us arrives at a moment when we need help. Relationships, work, health, family, money, dreams for the future or pain from the past--all impact our self-image, mood, and energy. Maybe now you've hit a bump in the road. Perhaps past events and feelings are getting in your way. Or you feel ready to make some changes. As a therapist, I join practiced clinical skills with empathic warmth. I see therapy as a process in which we learn from the past so you can make more satisfying choices now--creating a fulfilling future.
(301) 850-6349 View (301) 850-6349
Photo of Daniel Turetsky, Psychologist in 20814, MD
Daniel Turetsky
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Bethesda, MD 20814  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I have been helping individuals and couples work through difficult issues in order to have a more fulfilling life for over fifteen years. Having been trained to work with people across the lifespan has enabled me to integrate an understanding of the origins, development and resolution of behavior and relationship patterns which are presently holding the client back from important accomplishments or feelings of well-being in their lives, even though these patterns may very well have historically originated out of a functional need.
I have been helping individuals and couples work through difficult issues in order to have a more fulfilling life for over fifteen years. Having been trained to work with people across the lifespan has enabled me to integrate an understanding of the origins, development and resolution of behavior and relationship patterns which are presently holding the client back from important accomplishments or feelings of well-being in their lives, even though these patterns may very well have historically originated out of a functional need.
(301) 852-6236 View (301) 852-6236
Photo of Amy Heltzer, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in 20814, MD
Amy Heltzer
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, MA, MS, LCPC
Verified Verified
Bethesda, MD 20814  (Online Only)
Life has turned upside down and is now full of uncertainty. Each day can feel overwhelming, stressful and isolating. At times, it can feel like you are drowning. You may be feeling exhausted from trying to balance work and home life, yet feel like you just can’t get things right. Again and again, it feels you are somehow falling short. Resentment builds. You’re feeling guilty and anxious, but still there seems to be overwhelming pressure to do more and give more.
Life has turned upside down and is now full of uncertainty. Each day can feel overwhelming, stressful and isolating. At times, it can feel like you are drowning. You may be feeling exhausted from trying to balance work and home life, yet feel like you just can’t get things right. Again and again, it feels you are somehow falling short. Resentment builds. You’re feeling guilty and anxious, but still there seems to be overwhelming pressure to do more and give more.
(240) 716-5486 View (240) 716-5486
Photo of Joe James, Psychologist in 20814, MD
Joe James
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Bethesda, MD 20814
I've been helping individuals and couples find new ways since 1995 and have been featured in Newsweek, The Wall Street Journal, The Washington Post, Good Housekeeping and NPR. Day, evening and weekend appointments are available.
I've been helping individuals and couples find new ways since 1995 and have been featured in Newsweek, The Wall Street Journal, The Washington Post, Good Housekeeping and NPR. Day, evening and weekend appointments are available.
(240) 485-6053 View (240) 485-6053
Photo of Michael Stahly, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 20814, MD
Michael Stahly
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, MSW, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Bethesda, MD 20814
I specialize in helping people grapple with existential concerns, often related to grief, loss, and finding a path in life. I work well with people who are disillusioned with the world today and who struggle to reconcile their values with the tasks of daily living, as well as those who have suffered significant losses need help to find their footing once more and to reengage in their altered lives. I do not structure sessions, teach skills, or assign homework.
I specialize in helping people grapple with existential concerns, often related to grief, loss, and finding a path in life. I work well with people who are disillusioned with the world today and who struggle to reconcile their values with the tasks of daily living, as well as those who have suffered significant losses need help to find their footing once more and to reengage in their altered lives. I do not structure sessions, teach skills, or assign homework.
(301) 918-5435 View (301) 918-5435
Photo of Emma Hughes, Counselor in 20814, MD
Emma Hughes
Counselor, MA, LGPC
Verified Verified
Bethesda, MD 20814
Have you just about given up all hope because your life "has always been this way?" Perhaps you are having difficulty adjusting to a loved one with a developmental disability. Or maybe your child is facing difficulties of their own. Whatever the challenge is, I believe that you have the autonomy to edit and make meaning of your story.
Have you just about given up all hope because your life "has always been this way?" Perhaps you are having difficulty adjusting to a loved one with a developmental disability. Or maybe your child is facing difficulties of their own. Whatever the challenge is, I believe that you have the autonomy to edit and make meaning of your story.
(240) 663-5445 View (240) 663-5445
Family Therapy

What do family therapists do?

A family therapist facilitates the process of understanding and improving how a family functions. The therapist will help family members develop empathy for one another. They’ll seek to understand existing patterns, misunderstandings, and conflicts that arise, in order to help the family arrive at a realistic, unified understanding and develop the coping skills they need to build stronger relationships.

How long does therapy for families take to work?

Therapy manifests differently in every family; a common time frame is 12 weekly sessions, but some families may see improvement after just a few weeks. Families should discuss their goals with the therapist at the beginning of the process and periodically revisit those goals to assess their progress together.

How can you encourage a family member to attend family therapy?

You can encourage family members to attend therapy by expressing with both love and concern the challenges you see and explaining how a therapist could help the family navigate those challenges together. An outside perspective can help everyone feel heard, get on the same page, and develop new skills. If family members are still hesitant, it may be helpful to emphasize that family therapy is short-term—it won’t last forever.

Is therapy for families effective?

Family therapy can significantly improve family dynamics and relationships. Research suggests that family therapy can help individuals understand their role in the family, communicate and solve problems together, reduce conflict and draw boundaries when necessary, and develop coping skills for stressors, major life changes, and mental or physical illnesses within the family.