Family Therapy in Tennessee

Photo of C. Keith Tenpenny, Marriage & Family Therapist in Tennessee
C. Keith Tenpenny
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA, MDiv
Verified Verified
Franklin, TN 37064
Waitlist for new clients
Other trainings include EMDR, PREPARE/ENRICH, EFT (Emotionally Focused Therapy), Experiential, Internal Family Systems, and Psychodrama.
"I need something to change" is a great place to start. Counseling can be a place to facilitate this change. You may find that you are speaking one language while your spouse is speaking another. You can learn how to have a common language and corrective experiences that draw you closer together instead of further apart. Many of your wounds occurred in relationships, thus it is in relationships where they can be restored. I have served individuals and couples in a helping profession for nearly 30 years. You can find practical solutions as well as deep soul and relational change. Though not easy, real change is possible.
Other trainings include EMDR, PREPARE/ENRICH, EFT (Emotionally Focused Therapy), Experiential, Internal Family Systems, and Psychodrama.
"I need something to change" is a great place to start. Counseling can be a place to facilitate this change. You may find that you are speaking one language while your spouse is speaking another. You can learn how to have a common language and corrective experiences that draw you closer together instead of further apart. Many of your wounds occurred in relationships, thus it is in relationships where they can be restored. I have served individuals and couples in a helping profession for nearly 30 years. You can find practical solutions as well as deep soul and relational change. Though not easy, real change is possible.
(615) 257-2284 View (615) 257-2284
Photo of Molly Miller, Marriage & Family Therapist in Tennessee
Molly Miller
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37203
I have worked with many adolescents, young adults, families and couples desiring to have a better self esteem, coping skills, communication skills, parenting skills, and a trustworthy relationship with others. Many of them are fighting the battle of anxiety, depression, difficult life changes, parenting, victimization, suicidal thoughts, and PTSD. They desire a place of peace, to heal, change, and grow into the family, couple or individual they want to be.
I have worked with many adolescents, young adults, families and couples desiring to have a better self esteem, coping skills, communication skills, parenting skills, and a trustworthy relationship with others. Many of them are fighting the battle of anxiety, depression, difficult life changes, parenting, victimization, suicidal thoughts, and PTSD. They desire a place of peace, to heal, change, and grow into the family, couple or individual they want to be.
(615) 640-3178 View (615) 640-3178
Photo of Brett Rutledge, Pre-Licensed Professional in Tennessee
Brett Rutledge
Pre-Licensed Professional, MMFT
Verified Verified
Mount Juliet, TN 37122
I have over 20 years of ministry/worship experience and I've been a part of leading youth groups and young professionals groups. Sitting with students and people in ministry has led me to a passion for counseling/therapy. I graduated with my Masters in Marriage & Family Therapy at Trevecca Nazarene University. I enjoy working with clients 14 and older, and young professionals. I have experience working with anxiety, depression, athletes, creatives, those in ministry, and those who have had trauma from ministry. I am LGBTQ+ affirming.
I have over 20 years of ministry/worship experience and I've been a part of leading youth groups and young professionals groups. Sitting with students and people in ministry has led me to a passion for counseling/therapy. I graduated with my Masters in Marriage & Family Therapy at Trevecca Nazarene University. I enjoy working with clients 14 and older, and young professionals. I have experience working with anxiety, depression, athletes, creatives, those in ministry, and those who have had trauma from ministry. I am LGBTQ+ affirming.
(615) 552-1584 View (615) 552-1584
Photo of Dr. Tyler Rogers, Marriage & Family Therapist in Tennessee
Dr. Tyler Rogers
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT, LPC, NCC, ACS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chattanooga, TN 37403
Couples- Are you and your spouse struggling to communicate, adjust to life with a new baby or multiple children, experiencing a betrayal, or to having difficulty in your sex life? Are you recovering from an affair, arguing family, finances, or work? Are you wondering if the relationship can be improved or saved at all? Individuals- Is your personal or family life increasingly difficult to manage? Are you kept up at night by anxiety or weighed down by depression? Do you feel lost in life? If any of these apply to your life, I would love to join you on your journey as a board certified clinician with a decade of experience.
Couples- Are you and your spouse struggling to communicate, adjust to life with a new baby or multiple children, experiencing a betrayal, or to having difficulty in your sex life? Are you recovering from an affair, arguing family, finances, or work? Are you wondering if the relationship can be improved or saved at all? Individuals- Is your personal or family life increasingly difficult to manage? Are you kept up at night by anxiety or weighed down by depression? Do you feel lost in life? If any of these apply to your life, I would love to join you on your journey as a board certified clinician with a decade of experience.
(423) 415-4231 x641 View (423) 415-4231 x641
Photo of Shannon Frazier, Marriage & Family Therapist in Tennessee
Shannon Frazier
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Nashville, TN 37215
Shannon is Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist who is passionate about working towards emotional healing in couples and individuals, specifically in the area of relational distress. Shannon focuses on minimizing stress, addressing unresolved trauma, and identifying emotional barriers in order to help clients move past their "stuck places" and into healthier lives and relationships.
Shannon is Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist who is passionate about working towards emotional healing in couples and individuals, specifically in the area of relational distress. Shannon focuses on minimizing stress, addressing unresolved trauma, and identifying emotional barriers in order to help clients move past their "stuck places" and into healthier lives and relationships.
(615) 471-7774 View (615) 471-7774
Photo of Dave Flowers, Marriage & Family Therapist Intern in Tennessee
Dave Flowers
Marriage & Family Therapist Intern, MMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Franklin, TN 37064
The process is collaborative from the very beginning, and we will work together to set goals that meet the needs of your specific family.
After a brief stint as a touring musician and 20 years in the equipment finance industry, I finally found my perfect work-fit: helping families find healing from previous hurts, cope and move through current life difficulties, and prepare for a healthy future. I work with children and young adults who are dealing with trauma, ADHD, anxiety, depression, and grief/loss. As a parent, myself, I understand that when our children struggle, we struggle as well. So, I provide support to parents who are navigating difficult challenges with their children.
The process is collaborative from the very beginning, and we will work together to set goals that meet the needs of your specific family.
After a brief stint as a touring musician and 20 years in the equipment finance industry, I finally found my perfect work-fit: helping families find healing from previous hurts, cope and move through current life difficulties, and prepare for a healthy future. I work with children and young adults who are dealing with trauma, ADHD, anxiety, depression, and grief/loss. As a parent, myself, I understand that when our children struggle, we struggle as well. So, I provide support to parents who are navigating difficult challenges with their children.
(615) 805-6478 View (615) 805-6478
Photo of Ronald J Lee, Marriage & Family Therapist in Tennessee
Ronald J Lee
Marriage & Family Therapist, MMFT, LMFT
Verified Verified
Cookeville, TN 38501
I have a Masters degree in Marriage and Family Therapy, which does not limit me to working only with couples and families, but helps me to be able to better assess how those around a person, their "system", impacts his/her situation and functioning.
As a Christian and a professional I endeavor to provide professional counseling within a Christian worldview. As a therapist I try to be a good listener as well as someone who helps to clarify and provide input. I have been trained in a variety of counseling approaches but find that having a caring attitude and listening ear is beneficial to my clients.
I have a Masters degree in Marriage and Family Therapy, which does not limit me to working only with couples and families, but helps me to be able to better assess how those around a person, their "system", impacts his/her situation and functioning.
As a Christian and a professional I endeavor to provide professional counseling within a Christian worldview. As a therapist I try to be a good listener as well as someone who helps to clarify and provide input. I have been trained in a variety of counseling approaches but find that having a caring attitude and listening ear is beneficial to my clients.
(931) 536-1292 View (931) 536-1292
Photo of Joshua Alexander, Marriage & Family Therapist Intern in Tennessee
Joshua Alexander
Marriage & Family Therapist Intern, MFTI, MS, AAMFT
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Cleveland, TN 37311
I specialize in anxiety, OCD, family relationships, loneliness, trauma, depression, relational issues, spirituality/faith, life transitions, and identity.
The couples and individuals I work with come to therapy feeling isolated, undervalued, and unheard. If you are tired of not feeling good enough, ashamed, or angry, my hope is to help you rediscover what love means, heal your connection within yourself and each other, and create a new chapter of your story. I practice with couples and individuals from a client-focused perspective of unconditional acceptance- no matter what you bring to therapy, it has a place. I have hope that we can discover the tools together to process, heal, and journey forward finding the version of yourself that you want to be.
I specialize in anxiety, OCD, family relationships, loneliness, trauma, depression, relational issues, spirituality/faith, life transitions, and identity.
The couples and individuals I work with come to therapy feeling isolated, undervalued, and unheard. If you are tired of not feeling good enough, ashamed, or angry, my hope is to help you rediscover what love means, heal your connection within yourself and each other, and create a new chapter of your story. I practice with couples and individuals from a client-focused perspective of unconditional acceptance- no matter what you bring to therapy, it has a place. I have hope that we can discover the tools together to process, heal, and journey forward finding the version of yourself that you want to be.
(423) 295-7633 View (423) 295-7633
Photo of Naomi Boothe, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tennessee
Naomi Boothe
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LPCMHSP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Chattanooga, TN 37405
I have additional training and experience with trauma, addiction and recovery, marriage and family therapy, domestic violence, anxiety, depression, mood regulation.
I acknowledge and respect the effort it takes to reach out for help. The strength it takes to say "enough!, I'm sick and tired of being sick and tired". The courage it takes to choose towards something more, something better, than where you are at right now. Thank you for being here! What if every wrongness was a strength not yet acknowledged? You are stronger than you think and worth so much more than you can imagine. The fact that you are reading this right now is proof of that!
I have additional training and experience with trauma, addiction and recovery, marriage and family therapy, domestic violence, anxiety, depression, mood regulation.
I acknowledge and respect the effort it takes to reach out for help. The strength it takes to say "enough!, I'm sick and tired of being sick and tired". The courage it takes to choose towards something more, something better, than where you are at right now. Thank you for being here! What if every wrongness was a strength not yet acknowledged? You are stronger than you think and worth so much more than you can imagine. The fact that you are reading this right now is proof of that!
(423) 218-4314 View (423) 218-4314
Photo of Samara Center, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tennessee
Samara Center
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Memphis, TN 38119
Specialities include but are not limited to trauma, sexual abuse recovery, entertainment industry, family conflict, personality disorder, military issues, foster system/adoption, and codependency.
At Samara, we meet each person where they are to identify tailored goals and move toward an improved quality of life. Support is provided within a safe, highly confidential, & creative space. We offer decades of experience providing therapeutic services within the entertainment industry. When needed, we help our clients explore their needs and life experiences through the lens of trauma-informed and trauma-focused care. Individual, family, and group therapy options are available. Connect with us to talk through next steps.
Specialities include but are not limited to trauma, sexual abuse recovery, entertainment industry, family conflict, personality disorder, military issues, foster system/adoption, and codependency.
At Samara, we meet each person where they are to identify tailored goals and move toward an improved quality of life. Support is provided within a safe, highly confidential, & creative space. We offer decades of experience providing therapeutic services within the entertainment industry. When needed, we help our clients explore their needs and life experiences through the lens of trauma-informed and trauma-focused care. Individual, family, and group therapy options are available. Connect with us to talk through next steps.
(310) 879-5554 View (310) 879-5554
Photo of Jessica Collins, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tennessee
Jessica Collins
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Knoxville, TN 37918
I have experience working with a variety of issues, including but not limited to anxiety, depression, trauma/PTSD, autism spectrum disorders, social skills, self-esteem, self-harm, attachment, divorce, and family issues.
The decision to start therapy can be an intimidating one. It is my job to make that a little easier. I specialize in working with children, adolescents, and young adults, and strive to create a safe, welcoming environment for anyone I meet. I incorporate multiple approaches, and bring more than ten years of experience to the table. I want to partner with my clients to improve their lives and help them reach their full potential. My work is my calling, and it is my passion in life to empower my clients and help them feel fully supported in reaching their goals.
I have experience working with a variety of issues, including but not limited to anxiety, depression, trauma/PTSD, autism spectrum disorders, social skills, self-esteem, self-harm, attachment, divorce, and family issues.
The decision to start therapy can be an intimidating one. It is my job to make that a little easier. I specialize in working with children, adolescents, and young adults, and strive to create a safe, welcoming environment for anyone I meet. I incorporate multiple approaches, and bring more than ten years of experience to the table. I want to partner with my clients to improve their lives and help them reach their full potential. My work is my calling, and it is my passion in life to empower my clients and help them feel fully supported in reaching their goals.
(865) 622-4511 View (865) 622-4511
Photo of Annabelle Bright, Pre-Licensed Professional in Tennessee
Annabelle Bright
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
Franklin, TN 37064
It would be an honor to join your family's healing journey.
I believe that we as humans are wired for safety and connection and can experience difficulty within ourselves and our relationships when these needs are not met. I see that there is a need behind all behaviors, and I seek to approach the issues your child or teen is experiencing with curiosity and compassion. I recognize that you as a caregiver may be worn out, and as a thoughtful listener, I bring a welcoming spirit to hard conversations. In family systems work, I find value in empowering caregivers to understand their role and their individual children and teens more deeply.
It would be an honor to join your family's healing journey.
I believe that we as humans are wired for safety and connection and can experience difficulty within ourselves and our relationships when these needs are not met. I see that there is a need behind all behaviors, and I seek to approach the issues your child or teen is experiencing with curiosity and compassion. I recognize that you as a caregiver may be worn out, and as a thoughtful listener, I bring a welcoming spirit to hard conversations. In family systems work, I find value in empowering caregivers to understand their role and their individual children and teens more deeply.
(615) 640-4798 View (615) 640-4798
Photo of Jonathan Rudiger, Psychologist in Tennessee
Jonathan Rudiger
Psychologist, PsyD, HSP
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Nashville, TN 37212
We will examine: sleep, nutrition, activity level, family history, relationships, occupational stress, and coping skills.
SATURDAY hours available & Video sessions! I have been practicing psychotherapy in diverse settings for 14 years. I completed my residency at Vanderbilt University and served as an expert consultant for NBC's Today Show. As a psychologist, I have the opportunity to help people understand and navigate very difficult situations. I help my patients develop insight into problems that prevent them from feeling whole and complete. By reading between the lines and exploring the complexity of physical and mental health we are able to finally resolve long-standing concerns. I look forward to helping you find the answers you're looking for!
We will examine: sleep, nutrition, activity level, family history, relationships, occupational stress, and coping skills.
SATURDAY hours available & Video sessions! I have been practicing psychotherapy in diverse settings for 14 years. I completed my residency at Vanderbilt University and served as an expert consultant for NBC's Today Show. As a psychologist, I have the opportunity to help people understand and navigate very difficult situations. I help my patients develop insight into problems that prevent them from feeling whole and complete. By reading between the lines and exploring the complexity of physical and mental health we are able to finally resolve long-standing concerns. I look forward to helping you find the answers you're looking for!
(615) 567-3857 View (615) 567-3857
Photo of Caitlin Coile, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tennessee
Caitlin Coile
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPCMHSP
Verified Verified
Brentwood, TN 37027
I have training in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), EMDR for Children, Play Therapy, Brainspotting, Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT), Internal Family Systems (IFS), and Assessing and Managing Suicide Risk (AMSR).
People start to heal the moment they feel heard. That is my goal in sitting with clients - to move towards healing by hearing their stories, strifes, and successes. I incorporate multiple modalities of treatment to give each client a unique experience that meets their specific needs. My hope is to join my clients in achieving meaningful and deep healing, identifying resources for continued growth, and developing secure attachments in their relationships. I am passionate about working with individuals and families of all ages who are processing through life transitions, identity, relationship issues, trauma, and grief and loss.
I have training in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), EMDR for Children, Play Therapy, Brainspotting, Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT), Internal Family Systems (IFS), and Assessing and Managing Suicide Risk (AMSR).
People start to heal the moment they feel heard. That is my goal in sitting with clients - to move towards healing by hearing their stories, strifes, and successes. I incorporate multiple modalities of treatment to give each client a unique experience that meets their specific needs. My hope is to join my clients in achieving meaningful and deep healing, identifying resources for continued growth, and developing secure attachments in their relationships. I am passionate about working with individuals and families of all ages who are processing through life transitions, identity, relationship issues, trauma, and grief and loss.
(615) 471-7684 View (615) 471-7684
Photo of Morgan Holzapfel, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tennessee
Morgan Holzapfel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Nashville, TN 37212
Waitlist for new clients
Outside of work I enjoy running, reading, watching sports, and family time with our beautiful daughter and sweet French Bulldog.
It's okay to be a unsure what you need out of therapy. It's ok to recognize that things aren't going well but can't exactly figure out why or how to change this. Questions and curiosity about the way we operate in our lives is wonderful starting place! It is okay if you've been to therapy before but still feel stuck. We are each full of endless potential.
Outside of work I enjoy running, reading, watching sports, and family time with our beautiful daughter and sweet French Bulldog.
It's okay to be a unsure what you need out of therapy. It's ok to recognize that things aren't going well but can't exactly figure out why or how to change this. Questions and curiosity about the way we operate in our lives is wonderful starting place! It is okay if you've been to therapy before but still feel stuck. We are each full of endless potential.
(615) 436-8671 View (615) 436-8671
Photo of Sherry L Lovin, Marriage & Family Therapist in Tennessee
Sherry L Lovin
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
I have a passion for working with children, teens, individuals, couples, and families that are struggling from life altering events, such as, physical and emotional trauma, substance use and abuse, addiction(s), marital and relational issues, grief, and or family conflict. I have many years of experience working with foster children/families, and 13 years working in a Christ-centered faith-based substance abuse rehabilitation program. I am very passionate about helping my clients recover from past traumatic experiences that have created long-lasting effects upon themselves and their relationships with others.
I have a passion for working with children, teens, individuals, couples, and families that are struggling from life altering events, such as, physical and emotional trauma, substance use and abuse, addiction(s), marital and relational issues, grief, and or family conflict. I have many years of experience working with foster children/families, and 13 years working in a Christ-centered faith-based substance abuse rehabilitation program. I am very passionate about helping my clients recover from past traumatic experiences that have created long-lasting effects upon themselves and their relationships with others.
(865) 302-3698 View (865) 302-3698
Photo of Andi Fisher, Licensed Professional Counselor in Tennessee
Andi Fisher
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MHSP, MACC, NCC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Chattanooga, TN 37405
My work experience includes elements of Internal Family Systems, Narrative Therapy, EMDR, and Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT).
I approach counseling with the understanding that all individuals have a unique story that is deserving of a safe space to process and heal. I believe that the counseling room can be a place that encourages hope and helps individuals enter into a healthier, deeper, and richer understanding of both themselves and others. Although I have a degree in Christian counseling, my practice welcomes individuals of all worldviews to engage with their stories in a way that invites restoration and healing. In addition to my time at Gordon-Conwell, I have been trained in EMDR, DBT Skills Training, and am a Certified First Responder Associate.
My work experience includes elements of Internal Family Systems, Narrative Therapy, EMDR, and Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT).
I approach counseling with the understanding that all individuals have a unique story that is deserving of a safe space to process and heal. I believe that the counseling room can be a place that encourages hope and helps individuals enter into a healthier, deeper, and richer understanding of both themselves and others. Although I have a degree in Christian counseling, my practice welcomes individuals of all worldviews to engage with their stories in a way that invites restoration and healing. In addition to my time at Gordon-Conwell, I have been trained in EMDR, DBT Skills Training, and am a Certified First Responder Associate.
(423) 592-5608 View (423) 592-5608
Photo of Missy Loftis, Marriage & Family Therapist in Tennessee
Missy Loftis
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Murfreesboro, TN 37129
As a marriage and family therapist, I see individuals, families, and couples. My experience is in working with anxiety, depression, marital conflict, divorce recovery, and various forms of trauma including domestic violence situations. My goal with every client is to provide a safe space which invites the client to connect with the deeper emotions underlying presenting issues. I see each client as a unique and complex individual and collaborate with the client to tailor a treatment plan to meet therapy goals.
As a marriage and family therapist, I see individuals, families, and couples. My experience is in working with anxiety, depression, marital conflict, divorce recovery, and various forms of trauma including domestic violence situations. My goal with every client is to provide a safe space which invites the client to connect with the deeper emotions underlying presenting issues. I see each client as a unique and complex individual and collaborate with the client to tailor a treatment plan to meet therapy goals.
(615) 829-8818 View (615) 829-8818
Photo of Ashley Bigham-Hendricks, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Tennessee
Ashley Bigham-Hendricks
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Mount Juliet, TN 37122  (Online Only)
Reaching out for help can feel overwhelming. After working closely with people in the mental health field for the past 7 years, I've learned that we all need support at times. I enjoy working with people of all ages to identify their triggers, process their trauma, and learn healthy coping skills and boundaries. I also love family work where I can help people navigate challenges and improve their relationships. My favorite clients are the ones that come into counseling with curiosity about their past and and a desire for growth and healing.
Reaching out for help can feel overwhelming. After working closely with people in the mental health field for the past 7 years, I've learned that we all need support at times. I enjoy working with people of all ages to identify their triggers, process their trauma, and learn healthy coping skills and boundaries. I also love family work where I can help people navigate challenges and improve their relationships. My favorite clients are the ones that come into counseling with curiosity about their past and and a desire for growth and healing.
(629) 276-9612 View (629) 276-9612
Photo of Calvin Sadler, Pre-Licensed Professional in Tennessee
Calvin Sadler
Pre-Licensed Professional, M Ed
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
I utilize an eclectic approach to fit and meet the needs of the individual, family, or group.
My ideal client is an individual who may be having difficulty with bio-psycho-social-spiritual behavior changes. These difficulties include but are not limited to the following: difficulty coping with a traumatic event, poor anger management, school or social issue behavior problems, boundaries issues, and sibling rivalry. My ideal client will be motivated in finding self-sustaining coping strategies and insight into the reasoning behind the challenges they face.
I utilize an eclectic approach to fit and meet the needs of the individual, family, or group.
My ideal client is an individual who may be having difficulty with bio-psycho-social-spiritual behavior changes. These difficulties include but are not limited to the following: difficulty coping with a traumatic event, poor anger management, school or social issue behavior problems, boundaries issues, and sibling rivalry. My ideal client will be motivated in finding self-sustaining coping strategies and insight into the reasoning behind the challenges they face.
(615) 265-6129 View (615) 265-6129
Family Therapy

What do family therapists do?

A family therapist facilitates the process of understanding and improving how a family functions. The therapist will help family members develop empathy for one another. They’ll seek to understand existing patterns, misunderstandings, and conflicts that arise, in order to help the family arrive at a realistic, unified understanding and develop the coping skills they need to build stronger relationships.

How long does therapy for families take to work?

Therapy manifests differently in every family; a common time frame is 12 weekly sessions, but some families may see improvement after just a few weeks. Families should discuss their goals with the therapist at the beginning of the process and periodically revisit those goals to assess their progress together.

How can you encourage a family member to attend family therapy?

You can encourage family members to attend therapy by expressing with both love and concern the challenges you see and explaining how a therapist could help the family navigate those challenges together. An outside perspective can help everyone feel heard, get on the same page, and develop new skills. If family members are still hesitant, it may be helpful to emphasize that family therapy is short-term—it won’t last forever.

Is therapy for families effective?

Family therapy can significantly improve family dynamics and relationships. Research suggests that family therapy can help individuals understand their role in the family, communicate and solve problems together, reduce conflict and draw boundaries when necessary, and develop coping skills for stressors, major life changes, and mental or physical illnesses within the family.