Therapists in Syracuse, NY

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Photo of Ginger Anson in Syracuse, NY
Ginger Anson
MA, MEd, MHC-LP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Syracuse, NY 13210  (Online Only)
Imagine that a miracle happens overnight. When you wake up, you are living as your ideal self. What is the first thing you and others will notice about you? What role will you play in creating your miracle cure? How can we work together to make this your reality? Creating a trusting therapeutic relationship is the first step. Whether you want to decrease isolation, increase connections with friends & family, or help to find the right solution, I am here. My specialty is finding the root of the problem, exposing it to the sunlight, and helping it move from the place it has been stuck to stuck to create room for growth and healing.
Imagine that a miracle happens overnight. When you wake up, you are living as your ideal self. What is the first thing you and others will notice about you? What role will you play in creating your miracle cure? How can we work together to make this your reality? Creating a trusting therapeutic relationship is the first step. Whether you want to decrease isolation, increase connections with friends & family, or help to find the right solution, I am here. My specialty is finding the root of the problem, exposing it to the sunlight, and helping it move from the place it has been stuck to stuck to create room for growth and healing.
(315) 897-8135 View (315) 897-8135
Photo of Michelle Stevenson, Counselor in Syracuse, NY
Michelle Stevenson
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
Syracuse, NY 13210  (Online Only)
Counseling is about growth and positive change. You may be really struggling right now - maybe you are anxious, depressed, or having difficulty in your relationships. You may be going through a period of transition in your life - even positive life events can cause stress! Maybe you need a little help managing the day-to-day stressors, or maybe you want to improve some other aspect of your life. I work with individuals in all of these situations, and more. We all feel overwhelmed at times! My goal is to provide support, offer a different perspective, and arm you with the tools to manage life's challenges more effectively.
Counseling is about growth and positive change. You may be really struggling right now - maybe you are anxious, depressed, or having difficulty in your relationships. You may be going through a period of transition in your life - even positive life events can cause stress! Maybe you need a little help managing the day-to-day stressors, or maybe you want to improve some other aspect of your life. I work with individuals in all of these situations, and more. We all feel overwhelmed at times! My goal is to provide support, offer a different perspective, and arm you with the tools to manage life's challenges more effectively.
(315) 613-2103 View (315) 613-2103
Photo of Stephanie Baker, Counselor in Syracuse, NY
Stephanie Baker
Counselor, LMHC, MS
Verified Verified
Syracuse, NY 13203
Has life thrown a curveball at you and/or your family? Or do you continuously struggle with depression and anxiety? Maybe you feel like your life is a viscous cycle of not being able to find what makes you truly happy or constantly critiquing your self-worth. Whatever the circumstances are, you want to improve your overall quality of life and effectively cope with negative life events and/or circumstances. Maybe you have suffered a significant trauma that you would like to process more in-depth or re-build parts of yourself that need to be re-discovered as a result of that trauma.
Has life thrown a curveball at you and/or your family? Or do you continuously struggle with depression and anxiety? Maybe you feel like your life is a viscous cycle of not being able to find what makes you truly happy or constantly critiquing your self-worth. Whatever the circumstances are, you want to improve your overall quality of life and effectively cope with negative life events and/or circumstances. Maybe you have suffered a significant trauma that you would like to process more in-depth or re-build parts of yourself that need to be re-discovered as a result of that trauma.
(315) 629-8441 View (315) 629-8441
Photo of Sarah Dedrick, Marriage & Family Therapist in Syracuse, NY
Sarah Dedrick
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Syracuse, NY 13202  (Online Only)
I'm passionate about helping people navigate conflict and cultivate healthy relationships. Together we use your values, perspective, and experiences to support you in living in your authenticity and moving your relationships toward more meaningful connection. This leads to a more congruent life and happier relationships. I have extensive experience working with partners and individuals who seek therapy for repairing relationships, navigating emotionally abusive patterns, LGBTQIA+ experiences, parenting, and life transitions. You don't have to go it alone.
I'm passionate about helping people navigate conflict and cultivate healthy relationships. Together we use your values, perspective, and experiences to support you in living in your authenticity and moving your relationships toward more meaningful connection. This leads to a more congruent life and happier relationships. I have extensive experience working with partners and individuals who seek therapy for repairing relationships, navigating emotionally abusive patterns, LGBTQIA+ experiences, parenting, and life transitions. You don't have to go it alone.
(315) 818-6681 View (315) 818-6681
Photo of Therapy One, Counselor in Syracuse, NY
Therapy One
Counselor, LMHC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Syracuse, NY 13214  (Online Only)
One of the best decisions you can make in your life is to reach out and ask for help. I am that hand you can grasp for compassionate care and direction as you navigate a better understanding of yourself. Anxiety and depression can make you feel alone and helpless. They are not easy mental health disorders to navigate without help. You are strong! You are mighty! You are not alone! I am here with you along your journey as you become better aware of how you can take control and overcome the struggles you may have with panic attacks, sadness, and mood disorders. I am ready to listen and help you regain control of your life.
One of the best decisions you can make in your life is to reach out and ask for help. I am that hand you can grasp for compassionate care and direction as you navigate a better understanding of yourself. Anxiety and depression can make you feel alone and helpless. They are not easy mental health disorders to navigate without help. You are strong! You are mighty! You are not alone! I am here with you along your journey as you become better aware of how you can take control and overcome the struggles you may have with panic attacks, sadness, and mood disorders. I am ready to listen and help you regain control of your life.
(315) 322-9346 View (315) 322-9346
Photo of Meaghan Greeley, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Syracuse, NY
Meaghan Greeley
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CCTP, ADHD-CC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Syracuse, NY 13210  (Online Only)
Do you feel like you are too much, and also not enough? You may have learned to compensate for your challenges by adopting various strategies like masking and people pleasing. You may think other people have similar struggles, but are just better at handling them. When you live that way for a long time it is difficult to know yourself, your needs, your strengths, and even your problems. My affirming approach supports clients learning to see and accept themselves for who they are unconditionally. I trust your internal wisdom and believe you deserve to live fully without exhaustion, shame, guilt, and resentment.
Do you feel like you are too much, and also not enough? You may have learned to compensate for your challenges by adopting various strategies like masking and people pleasing. You may think other people have similar struggles, but are just better at handling them. When you live that way for a long time it is difficult to know yourself, your needs, your strengths, and even your problems. My affirming approach supports clients learning to see and accept themselves for who they are unconditionally. I trust your internal wisdom and believe you deserve to live fully without exhaustion, shame, guilt, and resentment.
(315) 277-6513 View (315) 277-6513
Photo of Mary Kate Lenihan, Marriage & Family Therapist in Syracuse, NY
Mary Kate Lenihan
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Syracuse, NY 13214  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Any individual, couple, or family making the decision to embark on therapy has made a brave step toward growth and change. Once rapport and safety is established, giving the self permission to be raw and vulnerable is what I strive for with clients. Feeling safe to explore discomfort and navigating different means of communication is at the heart of my work. The approach of curious exploration and demystification helps the individuals, couples and families that I work with resolve stressors related to anxiety, depression, grief, relational issues, work and academic influences, family dynamics, and LGBTQ issues.
Any individual, couple, or family making the decision to embark on therapy has made a brave step toward growth and change. Once rapport and safety is established, giving the self permission to be raw and vulnerable is what I strive for with clients. Feeling safe to explore discomfort and navigating different means of communication is at the heart of my work. The approach of curious exploration and demystification helps the individuals, couples and families that I work with resolve stressors related to anxiety, depression, grief, relational issues, work and academic influences, family dynamics, and LGBTQ issues.
(855) 286-2210 View (855) 286-2210
Photo of Katelynn Faulkner, Psychologist in Syracuse, NY
Katelynn Faulkner
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Syracuse, NY 13203  (Online Only)
I believe that each person holds within themselves everything they need to heal and grow in the ways they would like. I see the therapist's role as being one in which provides an environment of safety and care where the client can explore themselves authentically. It is through this authentic exploration, that the therapist can help the client discover how patterns and ways of being are keeping the client stuck and resulting in suffering. By bringing into awareness these aspects, the client and therapist can then work collaboratively to release the pain and explore new ways of being.
I believe that each person holds within themselves everything they need to heal and grow in the ways they would like. I see the therapist's role as being one in which provides an environment of safety and care where the client can explore themselves authentically. It is through this authentic exploration, that the therapist can help the client discover how patterns and ways of being are keeping the client stuck and resulting in suffering. By bringing into awareness these aspects, the client and therapist can then work collaboratively to release the pain and explore new ways of being.
(315) 859-0223 View (315) 859-0223
Photo of Regina Russo, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Syracuse, NY
Regina Russo
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Syracuse, NY 13210
For 10+ years, I have been serving the Syracuse community in various settings, helping others to learn ways to manage anxiety, depression, and challenging life events. I use a person centered and strength based approach.
For 10+ years, I have been serving the Syracuse community in various settings, helping others to learn ways to manage anxiety, depression, and challenging life events. I use a person centered and strength based approach.
(315) 908-0929 View (315) 908-0929
Photo of Caitlin Hopkins, Pre-Licensed Professional in Syracuse, NY
Caitlin Hopkins
Pre-Licensed Professional, LMSW
Verified Verified
Syracuse, NY 13204
Being a young adult is hard. Stressors seem to be everywhere you look - school, friends, relationships, work, family. All of this on top of some big life transitions can end up leading to feelings of anxiety and depression. It can impact your relationship with food and your overall self-esteem.
Being a young adult is hard. Stressors seem to be everywhere you look - school, friends, relationships, work, family. All of this on top of some big life transitions can end up leading to feelings of anxiety and depression. It can impact your relationship with food and your overall self-esteem.
(315) 669-2967 View (315) 669-2967
Photo of Taylor Molloy Pfau, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Syracuse, NY
Taylor Molloy Pfau
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Syracuse, NY 13202
Not accepting new clients
I have been working with clients for over 15 years. I feel most comfortable addressing individual struggles from a strength based perspective. Anxiety, depression and trauma related issues are addressed by utilizing a blend of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, as well as from a Family Systems perspective. This, I believe, allows the client to achieve the most success and a clearer understanding of their own struggles and how to overcome them.
I have been working with clients for over 15 years. I feel most comfortable addressing individual struggles from a strength based perspective. Anxiety, depression and trauma related issues are addressed by utilizing a blend of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, as well as from a Family Systems perspective. This, I believe, allows the client to achieve the most success and a clearer understanding of their own struggles and how to overcome them.
(315) 836-4531 View (315) 836-4531
Photo of Shannon Freeman (Rice), Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Syracuse, NY
Shannon Freeman (Rice)
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R, CIMHP, NBCCH, CCTP, ADHDCCS
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Syracuse, NY 13206  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Are you overwhelmed by or struggle to complete daily tasks? Do you often feel that you are not good enough or that other people don't value and respect you? Are you unorganized or messy? Is it difficult to stay focused/concentrate? Are you impulsive? Do you find yourself over/under reacting emotionally? Is it difficult to make friends or to even want to? If so, you are not alone. It's likely that the sense of "something is wrong" you feel comes from childhood issues. Others with these concerns benefit from therapy everyday. Please let me help.
Are you overwhelmed by or struggle to complete daily tasks? Do you often feel that you are not good enough or that other people don't value and respect you? Are you unorganized or messy? Is it difficult to stay focused/concentrate? Are you impulsive? Do you find yourself over/under reacting emotionally? Is it difficult to make friends or to even want to? If so, you are not alone. It's likely that the sense of "something is wrong" you feel comes from childhood issues. Others with these concerns benefit from therapy everyday. Please let me help.
(315) 975-4035 View (315) 975-4035
Photo of Erica Brier-Kennedy, Marriage & Family Therapist in Syracuse, NY
Erica Brier-Kennedy
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, CASAC, CCTP
Verified Verified
Syracuse, NY 13214
Through all of life’s challenges, sometimes we just need a safe and confidential space to process emotions and relationships as we navigate life’s complexities. If you’re a young adult struggling with self-confidence, a family looking for a therapist to help with an addiction issue, a new mom who might be feeling anxious or depressed, or a teen who has lost someone they love, I’m here to support you through this time. I have over 10 years of experience providing both long term and short-term individual, couple, and family therapy for all ages.
Through all of life’s challenges, sometimes we just need a safe and confidential space to process emotions and relationships as we navigate life’s complexities. If you’re a young adult struggling with self-confidence, a family looking for a therapist to help with an addiction issue, a new mom who might be feeling anxious or depressed, or a teen who has lost someone they love, I’m here to support you through this time. I have over 10 years of experience providing both long term and short-term individual, couple, and family therapy for all ages.
(518) 405-6928 View (518) 405-6928
Bobbi L. Petranchuk, LCSW, PLLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Verified Verified
Syracuse, NY 13209
Overwhelmed? Start rebuilding today from the comfort of your home, office or through Telehealth. Our team is comprised of clinicians who are fully licensed and either clinical or masters level social workers or mental health counselors. With over 40 clinicians in the group, we are able to help with a variety of different topics to help clients achieve their goals.
Overwhelmed? Start rebuilding today from the comfort of your home, office or through Telehealth. Our team is comprised of clinicians who are fully licensed and either clinical or masters level social workers or mental health counselors. With over 40 clinicians in the group, we are able to help with a variety of different topics to help clients achieve their goals.
(315) 810-9881 View (315) 810-9881
Linda Terrazas
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW , CASAC
Verified Verified
Syracuse, NY 13219
I’m Linda and professionally I am both a clinical social worker as well as a credentialed alcohol substance abuse counselor (CASAC). I enjoy working with adults as they move through various life stages, managing difficult emotions, struggling with relationships, decision making or substance use/abuse. I also assist clients in completing assessments for Emotional Support Animals. My goal is to assist people in leading their best lives while managing their feelings effectively. Clients will be provided skills to feel more confident and better able to manage their range of issues.
I’m Linda and professionally I am both a clinical social worker as well as a credentialed alcohol substance abuse counselor (CASAC). I enjoy working with adults as they move through various life stages, managing difficult emotions, struggling with relationships, decision making or substance use/abuse. I also assist clients in completing assessments for Emotional Support Animals. My goal is to assist people in leading their best lives while managing their feelings effectively. Clients will be provided skills to feel more confident and better able to manage their range of issues.
(315) 320-6080 View (315) 320-6080
Photo of Colin Borland, Marriage & Family Therapist in Syracuse, NY
Colin Borland
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Syracuse, NY 13219
Waitlist for new clients
At times in life, we are gifted the opportunity to recognize among ourselves that there is room for growth and healing. When you get to this place, it would be an honor to be a stepping stone on your journey. We often don't realize, in the fast paced world, that we have multiple layers that have led us to where we are right now. If things aren't going as you would like, hoped, or dreamed of, lets change your direction towards how you want it to be right now, and moving forward. This starts with you. YOU have the power to change your direction at any given time. If you are feeling stuck, I want to help. I look forward to connecting.
At times in life, we are gifted the opportunity to recognize among ourselves that there is room for growth and healing. When you get to this place, it would be an honor to be a stepping stone on your journey. We often don't realize, in the fast paced world, that we have multiple layers that have led us to where we are right now. If things aren't going as you would like, hoped, or dreamed of, lets change your direction towards how you want it to be right now, and moving forward. This starts with you. YOU have the power to change your direction at any given time. If you are feeling stuck, I want to help. I look forward to connecting.
(315) 902-1742 View (315) 902-1742
Photo of Jodi Benjaminson, LCSW-R, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Syracuse, NY
Jodi Benjaminson, LCSW-R
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Verified Verified
Syracuse, NY 13203
In my 28 years as a psychotherapist, it continues to be a humbling experience to witness my clients transform into the person they never believed they could be. I understand how difficult it is to come into therapy and why it is so important for me to build a safe and trusting relationship with you. I take a down to earth and respectful therapeutic approach to create a welcoming and healing environment. I am committed to helping my clients become the best version of themselves by tailoring my theraputic approach to fit the unique needs of each individual, couple or family.
In my 28 years as a psychotherapist, it continues to be a humbling experience to witness my clients transform into the person they never believed they could be. I understand how difficult it is to come into therapy and why it is so important for me to build a safe and trusting relationship with you. I take a down to earth and respectful therapeutic approach to create a welcoming and healing environment. I am committed to helping my clients become the best version of themselves by tailoring my theraputic approach to fit the unique needs of each individual, couple or family.
(315) 870-1410 View (315) 870-1410
Photo of Candace N Thornton, Marriage & Family Therapist in Syracuse, NY
Candace N Thornton
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Syracuse, NY 13215  (Online Only)
“There is no greater agony than bearing an untold story inside you” -Maya Angelou Are you considering sharing your story? Yet feel like no one is listening? Well you have come to the right place, Candace listens because she cares. Candace is a LMFT, passionate about working with individuals, couples, and families, and offers a safe and warm environment where her clients are free to explore and grow holistically. Her goal is to empower people spiritually, mentally, and emotionally.
“There is no greater agony than bearing an untold story inside you” -Maya Angelou Are you considering sharing your story? Yet feel like no one is listening? Well you have come to the right place, Candace listens because she cares. Candace is a LMFT, passionate about working with individuals, couples, and families, and offers a safe and warm environment where her clients are free to explore and grow holistically. Her goal is to empower people spiritually, mentally, and emotionally.
(315) 843-0528 View (315) 843-0528
Photo of Giles Sieburg, Marriage & Family Therapist in Syracuse, NY
Giles Sieburg
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Syracuse, NY 13219  (Online Only)
As a Marriage and Family Therapist and Gallup Certified Strengths Coach, I believe that therapy is a journey that can provide valuable perspective and facilitate healing. In my sessions, I aim to create a supportive and safe environment where my clients can work to reclaim their lives from fear, pain, and hopelessness. By exploring the systems, families, and relationships that shape their experiences, my clients can gain insight into their inner selves and learn how to cope with past traumas and current stressors. Together, we can work towards moving forward rather than remaining stuck.
As a Marriage and Family Therapist and Gallup Certified Strengths Coach, I believe that therapy is a journey that can provide valuable perspective and facilitate healing. In my sessions, I aim to create a supportive and safe environment where my clients can work to reclaim their lives from fear, pain, and hopelessness. By exploring the systems, families, and relationships that shape their experiences, my clients can gain insight into their inner selves and learn how to cope with past traumas and current stressors. Together, we can work towards moving forward rather than remaining stuck.
(315) 888-4609 View (315) 888-4609
Photo of Shane K Brown, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Syracuse, NY
Shane K Brown
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Syracuse, NY 13206
Change is a phenomenon that we all face. We will repeat painful patterns over and over in effort to avoid change. I believe that everyone has the power to create positive change in their lives and relationships. Often times a therapeutic alliance can facilitate that change in a safe environment. If you believe you are ready to grow as an individual, couple, or family, I would be honored to assist you in your journey.
Change is a phenomenon that we all face. We will repeat painful patterns over and over in effort to avoid change. I believe that everyone has the power to create positive change in their lives and relationships. Often times a therapeutic alliance can facilitate that change in a safe environment. If you believe you are ready to grow as an individual, couple, or family, I would be honored to assist you in your journey.
(315) 359-5200 View (315) 359-5200

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Syracuse, NY

400+

Average cost per session

$130

Therapists in Syracuse, NY who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
87% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
75% Coping Skills
75% Stress
73% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

74% Aetna
64% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
57% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Syracuse, NY see their clients

53% In Person and Online
47% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
17% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Syracuse?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.