Photo of Joseph Michael Roth, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Woodside, NY
Joseph Michael Roth
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Woodside, NY 11377  (Online Only)
I have sixteen years of clinical experience using evidence based treatment models such as CBT, DBT, ERP, along with many additional models of treatment.
Are you struggling with anxiety, depression, OCD, grief, or trauma? Perhaps you are overwhelmed with day to day life and need to improve your problem solving and coping skills? If so, let’s work together towards pursuing your happiness and you living your best life.
I have sixteen years of clinical experience using evidence based treatment models such as CBT, DBT, ERP, along with many additional models of treatment.
Are you struggling with anxiety, depression, OCD, grief, or trauma? Perhaps you are overwhelmed with day to day life and need to improve your problem solving and coping skills? If so, let’s work together towards pursuing your happiness and you living your best life.
(516) 407-8295 View (516) 407-8295
Photo of William Chum, Counselor in Woodside, NY
William Chum
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Woodside, NY 11377
As a mental health researcher and expert in culture and identity conflicts, my therapy work starts with making space for your unique lived experiences, identities, and how you show up in your different worlds. I am trained in a range of evidence-based therapy techniques including cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), interpersonal therapy, and psychodynamic therapy. I help my patients learn about themselves, explore issues that have led to emotional distress, and teach skills to manage the situations at hand. Therapy can involve exploring your past, present, and future challenges and pursuing an emotional growth to handle it all.
As a mental health researcher and expert in culture and identity conflicts, my therapy work starts with making space for your unique lived experiences, identities, and how you show up in your different worlds. I am trained in a range of evidence-based therapy techniques including cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), interpersonal therapy, and psychodynamic therapy. I help my patients learn about themselves, explore issues that have led to emotional distress, and teach skills to manage the situations at hand. Therapy can involve exploring your past, present, and future challenges and pursuing an emotional growth to handle it all.
(917) 338-4740 View (917) 338-4740

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Nicole Giambrone in Woodside, NY
Nicole Giambrone
LMHC, NCC, C-DBT, CASAC, EMDRIA
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10016
I have received various trainings in different therapeutic modalities and am certified in Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR), cognitive behavior therapy (CBT), dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), and Exposure Response Prevention (ERP).
My goal is to create a safe and nonjudgemental space where you feel comfortable to be your authentic self and express your feelings. I support clients struggling with anxiety, OCD, eating disorders, trauma/PTSD, ADHD, depression, substance use, relationship issues, and life transitions. I believe each individual is unique and I will tailor treatment to your needs in a warm and supportive environment. Together we will work towards finding your strength and improving your life by exploring your past, gain insight into yourself, learn coping skills to make actionable changes, and working towards self-acceptance.
I have received various trainings in different therapeutic modalities and am certified in Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing (EMDR), cognitive behavior therapy (CBT), dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), and Exposure Response Prevention (ERP).
My goal is to create a safe and nonjudgemental space where you feel comfortable to be your authentic self and express your feelings. I support clients struggling with anxiety, OCD, eating disorders, trauma/PTSD, ADHD, depression, substance use, relationship issues, and life transitions. I believe each individual is unique and I will tailor treatment to your needs in a warm and supportive environment. Together we will work towards finding your strength and improving your life by exploring your past, gain insight into yourself, learn coping skills to make actionable changes, and working towards self-acceptance.
(646) 846-9032 View (646) 846-9032
Photo of Amaka Agulue, Licensed Mental Health Counselor in Woodside, NY
Amaka Agulue
Licensed Mental Health Counselor, MS, LMHC
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10011  (Online Only)
I often utilize person-centered techniques such as cognitive behavior therapy (CBT), mindfulness and ERP to help you explore personal insights and cultivate self-awareness.
As an existential therapist specializing in OCD, depression, and anxiety, I invite you to embark on a journey of self-discovery and transformation. In our sessions, we'll explore the depth of your existence, including your thoughts, emotions, and being. Together, we'll confront the existential dilemmas that underlie your challenges, uncovering meaning and purpose amidst the chaos. With a compassionate and person-centered approach, I aim to guide you towards greater self-awareness, acceptance, and empowerment. Let's ease our way into a profound exploration of the self, illuminating the path towards healing and wholeness.
I often utilize person-centered techniques such as cognitive behavior therapy (CBT), mindfulness and ERP to help you explore personal insights and cultivate self-awareness.
As an existential therapist specializing in OCD, depression, and anxiety, I invite you to embark on a journey of self-discovery and transformation. In our sessions, we'll explore the depth of your existence, including your thoughts, emotions, and being. Together, we'll confront the existential dilemmas that underlie your challenges, uncovering meaning and purpose amidst the chaos. With a compassionate and person-centered approach, I aim to guide you towards greater self-awareness, acceptance, and empowerment. Let's ease our way into a profound exploration of the self, illuminating the path towards healing and wholeness.
(646) 760-8239 View (646) 760-8239
Photo of Gabriella Albina Vezza, Counselor in Woodside, NY
Gabriella Albina Vezza
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10014  (Online Only)
I use an integrative approach, implementing techniques from CBT, ACT, ERP, and other evidence-based treatments depending on the client's needs.
Life brings a number of challenges that can interfere with one's optimal functioning and quality of life. Whether you are seeking to increase your self-esteem, heal from past trauma, decrease anxiety, break negative thinking patterns, improve relationships, or cope with a loss, you have taken the first step by putting yourself first and I am here to help. I work with adolescents and adults who are struggling with eating disorders, OCD, anxiety, and depression. I would like to offer you a safe and nonjudgmental setting to promote your emotional wellbeing and help you achieve the change and balance you desire.
I use an integrative approach, implementing techniques from CBT, ACT, ERP, and other evidence-based treatments depending on the client's needs.
Life brings a number of challenges that can interfere with one's optimal functioning and quality of life. Whether you are seeking to increase your self-esteem, heal from past trauma, decrease anxiety, break negative thinking patterns, improve relationships, or cope with a loss, you have taken the first step by putting yourself first and I am here to help. I work with adolescents and adults who are struggling with eating disorders, OCD, anxiety, and depression. I would like to offer you a safe and nonjudgmental setting to promote your emotional wellbeing and help you achieve the change and balance you desire.
(516) 588-7607 View (516) 588-7607
Photo of Elevate Therapy , Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Woodside, NY
Elevate Therapy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LMSW, LPCA, DARC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
New York, NY 10001
Our experienced clinicians in modalities including DBT, EMDR, ERP & drug/alcohol counseling strive to provide a safe, client-centered environment for addressing some of life's most unique challenges.
Accepting new clients! Are you or a loved one struggling to cope with issues like anxiety, OCD, addiction, depression, and trauma? Have these issues led to feelings of isolation, with nowhere to turn? Has it been challenging to find authentic connection with previous providers? At Elevate, our passionate and dedicated clinicians are here to help you and your loved ones become the best version of themselves.
Our experienced clinicians in modalities including DBT, EMDR, ERP & drug/alcohol counseling strive to provide a safe, client-centered environment for addressing some of life's most unique challenges.
Accepting new clients! Are you or a loved one struggling to cope with issues like anxiety, OCD, addiction, depression, and trauma? Have these issues led to feelings of isolation, with nowhere to turn? Has it been challenging to find authentic connection with previous providers? At Elevate, our passionate and dedicated clinicians are here to help you and your loved ones become the best version of themselves.
(203) 290-1717 View (203) 290-1717
Photo of Maria Spitz, Psychologist in Woodside, NY
Maria Spitz
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10128  (Online Only)
I am a seasoned Clinical Psychologist with over 15 years of clinical experience. I have extensive experience treating individuals with depression, anxiety, OCD, trauma, substance abuse, relationship & job performance issues, grief & loss. I use evidenced based treatment modalities; trained in ERP, EMDR, CBT, DBT, Mindfulness, Solution Focused, Interpersonal, holistic, & psychodynamic therapies. My approach is eclectic. I tailor each session to your individual needs. I am a certified Yoga instructor, use breath work to help clients w/the mind body connection & assist them to a path of improved functioning and better quality of life.
I am a seasoned Clinical Psychologist with over 15 years of clinical experience. I have extensive experience treating individuals with depression, anxiety, OCD, trauma, substance abuse, relationship & job performance issues, grief & loss. I use evidenced based treatment modalities; trained in ERP, EMDR, CBT, DBT, Mindfulness, Solution Focused, Interpersonal, holistic, & psychodynamic therapies. My approach is eclectic. I tailor each session to your individual needs. I am a certified Yoga instructor, use breath work to help clients w/the mind body connection & assist them to a path of improved functioning and better quality of life.
(646) 362-1398 View (646) 362-1398
Photo of Angela Ramil, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Woodside, NY
Angela Ramil
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10001  (Online Only)
Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) and ERP are evidenced based interventions.
Have you ever thought to yourself, "I shouldn't feel this way, it doesn't make sense?" You are not alone. Often, we try to use rational thinking to understand emotional distress. My clients' goals are often to understand the feelings that are not logical or rational. Many have survived specific traumatic events or those that accumulate over the course of a life. I specialize in trauma, substance use disorders and obsessive-compulsive disorders; working with teens and adults.
Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) and ERP are evidenced based interventions.
Have you ever thought to yourself, "I shouldn't feel this way, it doesn't make sense?" You are not alone. Often, we try to use rational thinking to understand emotional distress. My clients' goals are often to understand the feelings that are not logical or rational. Many have survived specific traumatic events or those that accumulate over the course of a life. I specialize in trauma, substance use disorders and obsessive-compulsive disorders; working with teens and adults.
(315) 757-1785 View (315) 757-1785
Photo of Dr. Jemour Maddux Psychologist, Accepting Patients, Psychologist in Woodside, NY
Dr. Jemour Maddux Psychologist, Accepting Patients
Psychologist, PsyD, ABPP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Brooklyn, NY 11217  (Online Only)
Professional - Doctoral Level - Theologically Sensitive - TeleHealth Friendly - Diagnostician & Therapist: Dr. Maddux offers tools for escaping bothersome thoughts, behaviors & reactions so you can reclaim self-control, fresh perspectives, stable relationships, energy & hope. I also understand that faith is important. I completed postdoctoral Theology & Ministry education at Princeton Theological Seminary to ethically combine faith-based tools & evidence-based psychotherapies, such as CBT & ERP. My style is time-limited & practical. Get a "Game Plan" for reaching your social, emotional & relationship goals.
Professional - Doctoral Level - Theologically Sensitive - TeleHealth Friendly - Diagnostician & Therapist: Dr. Maddux offers tools for escaping bothersome thoughts, behaviors & reactions so you can reclaim self-control, fresh perspectives, stable relationships, energy & hope. I also understand that faith is important. I completed postdoctoral Theology & Ministry education at Princeton Theological Seminary to ethically combine faith-based tools & evidence-based psychotherapies, such as CBT & ERP. My style is time-limited & practical. Get a "Game Plan" for reaching your social, emotional & relationship goals.
View
Photo of Eric Peterson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Woodside, NY
Eric Peterson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10036  (Online Only)
I utilize multiple therapeutic modalities including Psychodynamic, CBT, ERP, and EMDR.
Empathy. Validation. Alliance. Transformation. As a therapist, it is my belief that all these elements must be present for treatment to be successful. They provide the foundation for our work together. Empathy- it is vital that you feel seen, heard, and understood. Validation- I believe that ALL feelings are valid, and I strive to create a safe space for them to emerge and process. Alliance- therapy is most effective when it is a collaboration built on trust and unconditional support. Transformation- whatever you are struggling with, my job is to inspire change and help you transform into the person you want to be.
I utilize multiple therapeutic modalities including Psychodynamic, CBT, ERP, and EMDR.
Empathy. Validation. Alliance. Transformation. As a therapist, it is my belief that all these elements must be present for treatment to be successful. They provide the foundation for our work together. Empathy- it is vital that you feel seen, heard, and understood. Validation- I believe that ALL feelings are valid, and I strive to create a safe space for them to emerge and process. Alliance- therapy is most effective when it is a collaboration built on trust and unconditional support. Transformation- whatever you are struggling with, my job is to inspire change and help you transform into the person you want to be.
(646) 780-7746 View (646) 780-7746
Photo of Frances Mackin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Woodside, NY
Frances Mackin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
South Richmond Hill, NY 11419
Hello, my name is Fran Mackin. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 4 years of clinical experience practicing psychotherapy with warmth and curiosity to help individuals and minors. My specialty areas include anxiety, depression, trauma, and body acceptance/neutrality issues. I am also a culturally competent therapist and have specific experience working with LGBTQIA+ individuals and cancer survivors. I use a mix of Acceptance and Commitment (ACT), Client-Centered Therapy, Cognitive Behavioral (CBT), Mindfulness-Based (MBCT), and Trauma Focused therapies. I believe that humor is a valuable part of the therapeutic process
Hello, my name is Fran Mackin. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 4 years of clinical experience practicing psychotherapy with warmth and curiosity to help individuals and minors. My specialty areas include anxiety, depression, trauma, and body acceptance/neutrality issues. I am also a culturally competent therapist and have specific experience working with LGBTQIA+ individuals and cancer survivors. I use a mix of Acceptance and Commitment (ACT), Client-Centered Therapy, Cognitive Behavioral (CBT), Mindfulness-Based (MBCT), and Trauma Focused therapies. I believe that humor is a valuable part of the therapeutic process
(718) 550-7625 View (718) 550-7625
Photo of Lillian Osaigbovo, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Woodside, NY
Lillian Osaigbovo
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Brooklyn, NY 11212  (Online Only)
Providing clients with a safe and supportive space where they can come as their "TRUE AUTHENTIC SELF", while overcoming their barriers has always been my prime mission. Hello, I'm Lillian. Licensed Master Social Worker with a strong background with working with individuals of the mental health population. My focus is strength- based, which utilizes an eclectic approach to treatment . We all need assistance in remembering our greatness from within, along with the areas in which we could improve.
Providing clients with a safe and supportive space where they can come as their "TRUE AUTHENTIC SELF", while overcoming their barriers has always been my prime mission. Hello, I'm Lillian. Licensed Master Social Worker with a strong background with working with individuals of the mental health population. My focus is strength- based, which utilizes an eclectic approach to treatment . We all need assistance in remembering our greatness from within, along with the areas in which we could improve.
(347) 572-7943 View (347) 572-7943
Alice Garfinkel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, PLLC
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10120
It is important to have physical and mental well-being.Therapy is a process of self discovery and healing. I believe in the process and help people understand that we do it together. It takes time to work on one's issues but I believe in the process of growth and positive change. I help people recognize that you have to love oneself , feel you deserve to be happier and do the work to make that happen.I believe that people are survivors and can overcome obstacles. I look up insurance benefits for patients and do all billing to lessen patient worry over this. I provide telehealth therapy for those who work from home or are disabled
It is important to have physical and mental well-being.Therapy is a process of self discovery and healing. I believe in the process and help people understand that we do it together. It takes time to work on one's issues but I believe in the process of growth and positive change. I help people recognize that you have to love oneself , feel you deserve to be happier and do the work to make that happen.I believe that people are survivors and can overcome obstacles. I look up insurance benefits for patients and do all billing to lessen patient worry over this. I provide telehealth therapy for those who work from home or are disabled
(917) 688-2326 View (917) 688-2326
Photo of Neil (Nahum) Spirn, Counselor in Woodside, NY
Neil (Nahum) Spirn
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10029  (Online Only)
Do you sometimes feel like you have no one to talk to, or no one who understands you? Do you feel there's deeper emotional stuff going on inside that might be causing you physical or emotional pain? Or perhaps you're dealing with difficulties with children or other family members ... or with habits or emotions that may seem beyond your control ... or simply with moving your life in a more positive direction? If you're the kind of person who wants to understand themselves and others better, and is looking for an accepting, non-judgmental therapeutic relationship in which you can be open and honest — then keep reading!
Do you sometimes feel like you have no one to talk to, or no one who understands you? Do you feel there's deeper emotional stuff going on inside that might be causing you physical or emotional pain? Or perhaps you're dealing with difficulties with children or other family members ... or with habits or emotions that may seem beyond your control ... or simply with moving your life in a more positive direction? If you're the kind of person who wants to understand themselves and others better, and is looking for an accepting, non-judgmental therapeutic relationship in which you can be open and honest — then keep reading!
(929) 470-1397 View (929) 470-1397
Photo of Kristina Murani, Psychologist in Woodside, NY
Kristina Murani
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10018  (Online Only)
I am passionate about helping others gain self-awareness and learn skills to overcome life's challenges. My approach to therapy is led by the belief that meaningful and long-lasting change is best achieved within a safe and trusting healing space. I strive to create an inviting and nonjudgmental atmosphere where you can safely explore all aspects of yourself and your experiences. My role as a psychologist is to support you in better understanding your concerns, while empowering you to reach your personal goals and live a fulfilling life.
I am passionate about helping others gain self-awareness and learn skills to overcome life's challenges. My approach to therapy is led by the belief that meaningful and long-lasting change is best achieved within a safe and trusting healing space. I strive to create an inviting and nonjudgmental atmosphere where you can safely explore all aspects of yourself and your experiences. My role as a psychologist is to support you in better understanding your concerns, while empowering you to reach your personal goals and live a fulfilling life.
(646) 941-8461 View (646) 941-8461
Photo of Chase Girvin, Counselor in Woodside, NY
Chase Girvin
Counselor, LMHC, LPC, ACS
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10019  (Online Only)
Do you want to overcome depression or anxiety and feel confident? Are you struggling with relationships? Do you find yourself getting angry quickly? Sometimes life transitions get difficult to manage. I have been helping people with these problems for 10 years and we can work collaboratively and holistically. We will focus on physical, emotional and spiritual aspects of your life. We will figure out your best qualities and strengths, your personal resources and virtues to realize your true potential that will help you heal.
Do you want to overcome depression or anxiety and feel confident? Are you struggling with relationships? Do you find yourself getting angry quickly? Sometimes life transitions get difficult to manage. I have been helping people with these problems for 10 years and we can work collaboratively and holistically. We will focus on physical, emotional and spiritual aspects of your life. We will figure out your best qualities and strengths, your personal resources and virtues to realize your true potential that will help you heal.
(929) 325-0188 View (929) 325-0188
Photo of Kelly Ebbels, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Woodside, NY
Kelly Ebbels
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Flushing, NY 11385  (Online Only)
Are you hesitant about therapy, or unsure of where to begin? Using evidence-based skills with warmth and authenticity, I help patients address fears, mood and anger issues, life transitions, chronic pain, addictions, relationship problems and other concerns, starting wherever they are at. I strive to hold a respectful and inviting space for people of all backgrounds and gender, sexuality and relationship orientations to access quality care.
Are you hesitant about therapy, or unsure of where to begin? Using evidence-based skills with warmth and authenticity, I help patients address fears, mood and anger issues, life transitions, chronic pain, addictions, relationship problems and other concerns, starting wherever they are at. I strive to hold a respectful and inviting space for people of all backgrounds and gender, sexuality and relationship orientations to access quality care.
(347) 352-6029 View (347) 352-6029
Photo of Michelle Fragano, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Woodside, NY
Michelle Fragano
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Long Island City, NY 11101  (Online Only)
Great to meet you! I am a licensed clinical social worker with over 10 years experience. I enjoy working with others and passionate about guiding people along their therapeutic journey for healing. Please click on "My Website" to book an intake appointment immediately!
Great to meet you! I am a licensed clinical social worker with over 10 years experience. I enjoy working with others and passionate about guiding people along their therapeutic journey for healing. Please click on "My Website" to book an intake appointment immediately!
(631) 837-2539 View (631) 837-2539
Photo of Can Onaler, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Woodside, NY
Can Onaler
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Corona, NY 11368  (Online Only)
Trained as a clinical social worker, I aim to create meaningful and long-lasting change in my clients’ lives. In my eclectic approach, I incorporate various coping techniques and treatment modalities to create the specialized care that my clients need. During my decade long experience, I have treated clients with Anxiety, Depression, OCD, PTSD, ADHD diagnoses and those with career change, health issues and attachment style problems. I work with a wide array of client populations such as young adults, adults and the elderly as well as being inclusive of all gender identities, socioeconomic status and racial backgrounds.
Trained as a clinical social worker, I aim to create meaningful and long-lasting change in my clients’ lives. In my eclectic approach, I incorporate various coping techniques and treatment modalities to create the specialized care that my clients need. During my decade long experience, I have treated clients with Anxiety, Depression, OCD, PTSD, ADHD diagnoses and those with career change, health issues and attachment style problems. I work with a wide array of client populations such as young adults, adults and the elderly as well as being inclusive of all gender identities, socioeconomic status and racial backgrounds.
(929) 822-5087 View (929) 822-5087
Photo of Nehal P Vadhan, Psychologist in Woodside, NY
Nehal P Vadhan
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Brooklyn, NY 11222
My practice is geared towards helping individuals who are suffering from addiction problems of any kind, cognitive problems (e.g., ADHD, Learning Disabilities) or problems with disordered thought or perception. My goal is to assist clients improve their psychological functioning with a combination of individualized clinical evaluation and treatment. I am also a research scientist at Northwell's Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research (https://feinstein.northwell.edu/institutes-researchers/our-researchers/nehal-p-vadhan-phd) and director of the Center for Psychedelics Research and Treatment.
My practice is geared towards helping individuals who are suffering from addiction problems of any kind, cognitive problems (e.g., ADHD, Learning Disabilities) or problems with disordered thought or perception. My goal is to assist clients improve their psychological functioning with a combination of individualized clinical evaluation and treatment. I am also a research scientist at Northwell's Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research (https://feinstein.northwell.edu/institutes-researchers/our-researchers/nehal-p-vadhan-phd) and director of the Center for Psychedelics Research and Treatment.
(347) 894-2520 View (347) 894-2520

See more therapy options for Woodside

Exposure Response Prevention (ERP) Therapists

Do I need exposure and response prevention therapy?

Many clients decide to seek help for obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviors when these symptoms are distressing enough to disrupt everyday life. Any thoughts or behaviors that cause friction in close relationships are also worth addressing. In addition, the client’s symptoms don’t have to be severe for them to benefit from ERP therapy.

Is exposure and response prevention therapy part of cognitive behavioral therapy?

Exposure and response prevention is one specific type of CBT that focuses on behavioral change in response to triggering stimuli. It is related to exposure therapy but adds an additional component of preventing compulsive and harmful responses.

How long does exposure and response prevention therapy take?

While every patient is different, exposure and response prevention therapy typically lasts around 12 sessions, although some treatments can take longer. A therapist will determine if the treatment is complete based on how the client faces their fears, particularly the strongest ones. When a client feels less anxiety about stimuli that once evoked terror or distress, that is generally an indication that they are nearing the end of ERP therapy.

What are the limitations of exposure and response prevention therapy?

The most common pitfalls of exposure and response prevention therapy include not addressing a client’s core fears, allowing the client to avoid their most distressing stimuli, and using imaginary exposure when the client requires real-life exposure (and vice versa). ERP therapy is most effective when the client commits to the full course of treatment; if the client stops early or doesn’t practice what they have learned outside of therapy sessions, they are less likely to have successful outcomes.