Therapists in Arlington, MA

Photo of Malgorzata Frajnt-Zielinska , Marriage & Family Therapist in Arlington, MA
Malgorzata Frajnt-Zielinska
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Arlington, MA 02476
I am a certified clinical Imago relationship therapist and have 18 years of experience practicing psychotherapy in a variety of settings in the US, UK and Poland. Using a range of evidence-based and experiential therapeutic techniques, I work with individuals and couples facing relationship issues, loneliness, difficult adjustments, loss, grief, depression and anxiety. My clients often go through crises and difficult life transitions. I am here to listen, give support, and guide you through yours.
I am a certified clinical Imago relationship therapist and have 18 years of experience practicing psychotherapy in a variety of settings in the US, UK and Poland. Using a range of evidence-based and experiential therapeutic techniques, I work with individuals and couples facing relationship issues, loneliness, difficult adjustments, loss, grief, depression and anxiety. My clients often go through crises and difficult life transitions. I am here to listen, give support, and guide you through yours.
View
Photo of Hayley Friel, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Arlington, MA
Hayley Friel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Arlington, MA 02474  (Online Only)
I am not accepting new clients. Feel free to email to be added to my waitlist. Clients reach out to me because they want something to change. It could be that you want to worry less, feel happier or more fulfilled in your relationships, increase motivation, reduce harsh self-criticism, or need some support with stressful transitions or losses. Maybe you are recognizing your current ways of coping with challenges aren't working as well as you'd like, and you want to explore new ones. If you feel like you are in a rut or can't seem to get out of your own way, therapy can help you figure it out and get to where you want to be.
I am not accepting new clients. Feel free to email to be added to my waitlist. Clients reach out to me because they want something to change. It could be that you want to worry less, feel happier or more fulfilled in your relationships, increase motivation, reduce harsh self-criticism, or need some support with stressful transitions or losses. Maybe you are recognizing your current ways of coping with challenges aren't working as well as you'd like, and you want to explore new ones. If you feel like you are in a rut or can't seem to get out of your own way, therapy can help you figure it out and get to where you want to be.
(339) 229-6341 View (339) 229-6341
Photo of Pardis Parsa, Counselor in Arlington, MA
Pardis Parsa
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Arlington, MA 02476  (Online Only)
I invite you to “get curious” about yourself and what has contributed to your current challenges. Curiosity is essential to finding meaning and connection with others and ourselves. I will work with you to open up to uncertainty and learn to coexist with your uncomfortable thoughts and feelings in order to strengthen your relationship with yourself and others. You are not a problem to be fixed; you are a whole, complex, and amazing person. I look forward to helping you to open up to your innate gifts.
I invite you to “get curious” about yourself and what has contributed to your current challenges. Curiosity is essential to finding meaning and connection with others and ourselves. I will work with you to open up to uncertainty and learn to coexist with your uncomfortable thoughts and feelings in order to strengthen your relationship with yourself and others. You are not a problem to be fixed; you are a whole, complex, and amazing person. I look forward to helping you to open up to your innate gifts.
(978) 490-1348 View (978) 490-1348
Nicole Caplin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Arlington, MA 02476
Nicole Caplin is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Massachusetts who has been practicing since 2017. Facing hardship and difficult times are not meant to be done alone. Each of us will have times we need help from others, and making the choice to seek professional help can be empowering. Let Nicole walk beside you and together you will discover your own path to healing and recovery. Nicole has experience working with individuals who experience anxiety, depression, anger, mood disorders, PTSD, addiction, and dual diagnosis. She will meet you where you are at with compassion and understanding.
Nicole Caplin is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Massachusetts who has been practicing since 2017. Facing hardship and difficult times are not meant to be done alone. Each of us will have times we need help from others, and making the choice to seek professional help can be empowering. Let Nicole walk beside you and together you will discover your own path to healing and recovery. Nicole has experience working with individuals who experience anxiety, depression, anger, mood disorders, PTSD, addiction, and dual diagnosis. She will meet you where you are at with compassion and understanding.
(339) 330-1146 View (339) 330-1146
Photo of Oona Metz, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Arlington, MA
Oona Metz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, CGP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Arlington, MA 02474
I treat adults and adolescents in individual and group therapy in my Brookline and Arlington offices. I work with clients on a variety of issues including depression, anxiety, sexuality, divorce, step-parenting, trauma, loss and grief. Through exploration and collaboration, I help clients gain more clarity, become more connected, and feel greater satisfaction with their lives. In addition, I provide supervision, consultation and training to clinicians on group therapy and a variety of other topics.
I treat adults and adolescents in individual and group therapy in my Brookline and Arlington offices. I work with clients on a variety of issues including depression, anxiety, sexuality, divorce, step-parenting, trauma, loss and grief. Through exploration and collaboration, I help clients gain more clarity, become more connected, and feel greater satisfaction with their lives. In addition, I provide supervision, consultation and training to clinicians on group therapy and a variety of other topics.
(617) 682-9046 View (617) 682-9046
Photo of Emma R. Worth, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Arlington, MA
Emma R. Worth
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Arlington, MA 02476
Welcome. My work is to help you find more ease, joy, connection, meaning and purpose in your days. Emotional suffering is part of being human, but it is possible to face challenging life situations with a clear head and an open heart. We can cultivate trust and hope in the face of traumatic personal histories and loss. Wouldn’t it be nice to let go of fear and anxiety, as well as the old stories that still have a grip on you, to stop repeating self-defeating patterns and find a place at the clearing for something new?
Welcome. My work is to help you find more ease, joy, connection, meaning and purpose in your days. Emotional suffering is part of being human, but it is possible to face challenging life situations with a clear head and an open heart. We can cultivate trust and hope in the face of traumatic personal histories and loss. Wouldn’t it be nice to let go of fear and anxiety, as well as the old stories that still have a grip on you, to stop repeating self-defeating patterns and find a place at the clearing for something new?
(857) 285-2297 View (857) 285-2297
Photo of Chelsea Levy, Psychologist in Arlington, MA
Chelsea Levy
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Arlington, MA 02474
I am a licensed psychologist providing adult psychotherapy, couples therapy, sex therapy and family therapy. I approach therapy from a relational perspective, and enjoy working collaboratively with clients and their strengths to create change. I am particularly interested in working with clients around family of origin issues, relationship issues, trauma, sexual relationships and sexuality. I work with couples on communication, strengthening relational dynamics and sexual or intimacy concerns. I also work as a sex therapist and am open to working whether you come as a couple or as an individual.
I am a licensed psychologist providing adult psychotherapy, couples therapy, sex therapy and family therapy. I approach therapy from a relational perspective, and enjoy working collaboratively with clients and their strengths to create change. I am particularly interested in working with clients around family of origin issues, relationship issues, trauma, sexual relationships and sexuality. I work with couples on communication, strengthening relational dynamics and sexual or intimacy concerns. I also work as a sex therapist and am open to working whether you come as a couple or as an individual.
(781) 350-9375 View (781) 350-9375
Photo of Leslie Wright, Psychologist in Arlington, MA
Leslie Wright
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Arlington, MA 02474
I am a clinical psychologist with over ten years of experience treating PTSD, depression, anxiety, addictive behaviors, post-traumatic growth and resilience, and coping with grief. I enjoy delivering evidence-based treatments for a variety of concerns and tailoring the approach to the individual’s needs using a flexible, validating, and client-centered approach. I have expertise in many modalities including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Motivational Interviewing, Mindfulness, Trauma-focused treatments, and Dialectical Behavior Therapy. I create a therapeutic space that is both supportive and challenging with warmth and empathy.
I am a clinical psychologist with over ten years of experience treating PTSD, depression, anxiety, addictive behaviors, post-traumatic growth and resilience, and coping with grief. I enjoy delivering evidence-based treatments for a variety of concerns and tailoring the approach to the individual’s needs using a flexible, validating, and client-centered approach. I have expertise in many modalities including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Motivational Interviewing, Mindfulness, Trauma-focused treatments, and Dialectical Behavior Therapy. I create a therapeutic space that is both supportive and challenging with warmth and empathy.
(617) 977-4770 View (617) 977-4770
Photo of Actualize Counseling & Nutrition, Pre-Licensed Professional in Arlington, MA
Actualize Counseling & Nutrition
Pre-Licensed Professional, MEd
Verified Verified
Arlington, MA 02476  (Online Only)
With a focus on diverse communities, I specialize in guiding individuals on their healing journey. Whether you struggle with anxiety, low self-esteem, or disordered eating, I provide guidance and support, empowering you to prioritize self-care, reinforce boundaries, and use self-compassion as motivation for change. Through therapy, I empower clients to develop a healthy relationship with their bodies, build resilience, and navigate the complexities of their experiences with insight and support.
With a focus on diverse communities, I specialize in guiding individuals on their healing journey. Whether you struggle with anxiety, low self-esteem, or disordered eating, I provide guidance and support, empowering you to prioritize self-care, reinforce boundaries, and use self-compassion as motivation for change. Through therapy, I empower clients to develop a healthy relationship with their bodies, build resilience, and navigate the complexities of their experiences with insight and support.
(617) 397-4256 View (617) 397-4256
Photo of Vanessa Salas-Wright, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Arlington, MA
Vanessa Salas-Wright
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Arlington, MA 02474  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
As a therapist, my first goal is to connect with my clients—there are many effective ways to work with people to address life’s challenges, but the first step is to establish a warm, nonjudgmental, and authentic human connection. With connection and understanding, amazing things can happen. For more than a decade, I have worked collaboratively with people looking to gain insight into their experiences, feel better, and develop practical tools for change.
As a therapist, my first goal is to connect with my clients—there are many effective ways to work with people to address life’s challenges, but the first step is to establish a warm, nonjudgmental, and authentic human connection. With connection and understanding, amazing things can happen. For more than a decade, I have worked collaboratively with people looking to gain insight into their experiences, feel better, and develop practical tools for change.
(617) 539-7063 View (617) 539-7063
Photo of Jules Giggie, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Arlington, MA
Jules Giggie
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Arlington, MA 02476  (Online Only)
As a clinical social worker with over 20 years of experience, my style is described as warm, empathic and open. Many clients begin treatment with a general sense of unease, based on anxiety, depression and loss. We work collaboratively at ways of thinking, feeling and behaving to gain clarity on processing experiences. Then, we carefully build coping techniques and skills to achieve healthier, happier ways of moving through the world.
As a clinical social worker with over 20 years of experience, my style is described as warm, empathic and open. Many clients begin treatment with a general sense of unease, based on anxiety, depression and loss. We work collaboratively at ways of thinking, feeling and behaving to gain clarity on processing experiences. Then, we carefully build coping techniques and skills to achieve healthier, happier ways of moving through the world.
(857) 663-0855 View (857) 663-0855
Photo of Swati Dehariya, Pre-Licensed Professional in Arlington, MA
Swati Dehariya
Pre-Licensed Professional, EdM
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Arlington, MA 02476  (Online Only)
You know deep down that something's not quite right. The world feels fragmented, as if you're viewing life through a cracked lens. Trauma has a way of taking pieces of us, leaving behind a puzzle that just doesn't seem to fit anymore. You're often caught in your thoughts, navigating the day as though you're on autopilot, detached from the vibrancy of life around you. Yet, amidst this disconnection, there's a resilient part of you that refuses to let this be your defining story.
You know deep down that something's not quite right. The world feels fragmented, as if you're viewing life through a cracked lens. Trauma has a way of taking pieces of us, leaving behind a puzzle that just doesn't seem to fit anymore. You're often caught in your thoughts, navigating the day as though you're on autopilot, detached from the vibrancy of life around you. Yet, amidst this disconnection, there's a resilient part of you that refuses to let this be your defining story.
(339) 330-1064 View (339) 330-1064
Photo of Liz Lawrence, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Arlington, MA
Liz Lawrence
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MEd, LICSW
Verified Verified
Arlington, MA 02474  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Therapy is a process of working together to help you experience new ways of generating hope and inspiration for your life. As we understand the dilemmas you face, I'll help you see how you can use your creative abilities to develop new choices for meeting them and explore new paths toward change. In my work with individuals, couples and families I offer a framework for keeping track of important ideas, meaningful life stories and useful directions. I integrate ideas from family systems and narrative therapies and phase-oriented trauma recovery.
Therapy is a process of working together to help you experience new ways of generating hope and inspiration for your life. As we understand the dilemmas you face, I'll help you see how you can use your creative abilities to develop new choices for meeting them and explore new paths toward change. In my work with individuals, couples and families I offer a framework for keeping track of important ideas, meaningful life stories and useful directions. I integrate ideas from family systems and narrative therapies and phase-oriented trauma recovery.
(617) 379-2721 View (617) 379-2721
Photo of Nora Otero, Counselor in Arlington, MA
Nora Otero
Counselor, MEd, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Arlington, MA 02474  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I am not taking new clients at this time. Often times people face challenges that prevent them from having fulfilled lives. Old coping skills appear failing and emotional distress disrupts balance. Entering therapy at a time of vulnerability can be difficult, but it can also bring healing and growth. I think that progress and change happen when collaboration, safety, trust, and empathy are present in therapy; these principles guide my work and support any treatment approaches that may be appropriate to take.
I am not taking new clients at this time. Often times people face challenges that prevent them from having fulfilled lives. Old coping skills appear failing and emotional distress disrupts balance. Entering therapy at a time of vulnerability can be difficult, but it can also bring healing and growth. I think that progress and change happen when collaboration, safety, trust, and empathy are present in therapy; these principles guide my work and support any treatment approaches that may be appropriate to take.
(781) 348-6093 View (781) 348-6093
Photo of Jeremy Clyman, Psychologist in Arlington, MA
Jeremy Clyman
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Arlington, MA 02474
I am a "generalist" and clinically serve individuals, couples and families across all phases of development (from pre-teens and adolescents through to older adults). Psychotherapy is a process designed to increase general mental health and well-being by clarifying goals and values, strengthening psychological weaknesses, and learning more effective and sophisticated strategies to better manage emotional, social and internal (e.g. thoughts) life. Through a gentle but focused conversational style, I utilize the latest clinical research and theory to construct a collaborative and personally-tailored treatment plan that aims for symptom relief and performance enhancement.
I am a "generalist" and clinically serve individuals, couples and families across all phases of development (from pre-teens and adolescents through to older adults). Psychotherapy is a process designed to increase general mental health and well-being by clarifying goals and values, strengthening psychological weaknesses, and learning more effective and sophisticated strategies to better manage emotional, social and internal (e.g. thoughts) life. Through a gentle but focused conversational style, I utilize the latest clinical research and theory to construct a collaborative and personally-tailored treatment plan that aims for symptom relief and performance enhancement.
(201) 207-4203 View (201) 207-4203
Photo of Janet Zimmern, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Arlington, MA
Janet Zimmern
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Arlington, MA 02474
A safe, empathic therapeutic space for clients to make meaningful changes in their lives," "I help clients make meaningful and necessary changes for overall increased life satisfaction. I do this by providing a safe, non threatening and supportive setting for clients to "do their work" and create a therapeutic space where humor is allowed. If appropriate, a client's sense of their own spirituality is acknowledged and integrated as a resource of empowerment, to sort through feelings, thoughts and behaviors that either help or hinder them in achieving identified goals.
A safe, empathic therapeutic space for clients to make meaningful changes in their lives," "I help clients make meaningful and necessary changes for overall increased life satisfaction. I do this by providing a safe, non threatening and supportive setting for clients to "do their work" and create a therapeutic space where humor is allowed. If appropriate, a client's sense of their own spirituality is acknowledged and integrated as a resource of empowerment, to sort through feelings, thoughts and behaviors that either help or hinder them in achieving identified goals.
View
Photo of Eric Knee, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Arlington, MA
Eric Knee
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Arlington, MA 02474  (Online Only)
Imagine beginning every day feeling energized, confident and ready to take on whatever comes your way. You might feel better about your progress with life goals, be able create meaningful and close relationships, maintain healthier habits, and have a regular sense of pride and accomplishment. You know you have so much potential, but may not know exactly how to reach it. Be proud of yourself for taking this first step to creating positive changes in your life.
Imagine beginning every day feeling energized, confident and ready to take on whatever comes your way. You might feel better about your progress with life goals, be able create meaningful and close relationships, maintain healthier habits, and have a regular sense of pride and accomplishment. You know you have so much potential, but may not know exactly how to reach it. Be proud of yourself for taking this first step to creating positive changes in your life.
(617) 431-3852 View (617) 431-3852
Photo of Christine Carr, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Arlington, MA
Christine Carr
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, MEd
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Arlington, MA 02474
Waitlist for new clients
I work with individuals and groups to cope with anxiety, depression, relationship/school/work concerns, trauma, substance use and other obstacles. I believe in creating a safe space, developing a therapeutic partnership, identify strengths and practice the skills so that you will have the tools to thrive.
I work with individuals and groups to cope with anxiety, depression, relationship/school/work concerns, trauma, substance use and other obstacles. I believe in creating a safe space, developing a therapeutic partnership, identify strengths and practice the skills so that you will have the tools to thrive.
(508) 684-2996 View (508) 684-2996
Photo of Jennifer Sheng, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Arlington, MA
Jennifer Sheng
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Arlington, MA 02474
Accepting new telehealth clients! Finding the right counselor in today's environment can be challenging especially if you are diagnosed with a health condition or have a non-traditional schedule. I am an experienced, licensed therapist in the Greater Boston Area specializing in grief, loss of pet, coping with illness, caregiver support, healthcare professional burnout/moral injury, and life transitions. My approach is tailored to each person and is collaborative, affirming, warm, empathic, strengths based and solution focused.
Accepting new telehealth clients! Finding the right counselor in today's environment can be challenging especially if you are diagnosed with a health condition or have a non-traditional schedule. I am an experienced, licensed therapist in the Greater Boston Area specializing in grief, loss of pet, coping with illness, caregiver support, healthcare professional burnout/moral injury, and life transitions. My approach is tailored to each person and is collaborative, affirming, warm, empathic, strengths based and solution focused.
(617) 741-9353 View (617) 741-9353
Photo of Fabienne Bain, Psychologist in Arlington, MA
Fabienne Bain
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Arlington, MA 02476
Are you wondering how to support your struggling child? Maybe you're a struggling young adult. I help children to young adults (ages 2-25) who have behavioral and emotional challenges through evidence-based treatment. Using a collaborative approach, compassion, and empathy, I identify the intervention that best meets your goals. During sessions, I create a friendly, warm, and welcoming atmosphere to help make clients comfortable and get the most out of therapy. By the end of treatment, I have seen clients leaving feeling more empowered, happier, and better equipped to cope with future challenges.
Are you wondering how to support your struggling child? Maybe you're a struggling young adult. I help children to young adults (ages 2-25) who have behavioral and emotional challenges through evidence-based treatment. Using a collaborative approach, compassion, and empathy, I identify the intervention that best meets your goals. During sessions, I create a friendly, warm, and welcoming atmosphere to help make clients comfortable and get the most out of therapy. By the end of treatment, I have seen clients leaving feeling more empowered, happier, and better equipped to cope with future challenges.
(508) 594-3199 View (508) 594-3199

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Arlington, MA

400+

Average cost per session

$175

Therapists in Arlington, MA who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
87% Depression
79% Relationship Issues
76% Self Esteem
67% Coping Skills
66% Trauma and PTSD
64% Stress

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

83% BlueCross and BlueShield
51% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
50% Optum

How Therapists in Arlington, MA see their clients

69% In Person and Online
31% Online Only

Gender breakdown

83% Female
16% Male
1% Non-Binary

FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Arlington?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.