Therapists in Roseville, CA

Photo of Dr. Maureen Glynn, Marriage & Family Therapist in Roseville, CA
Dr. Maureen Glynn
Marriage & Family Therapist, PsyD, LMFT
Verified Verified
Roseville, CA 95678  (Online Only)
I work with clients who come to therapy to find relief from suffering. Often they have experienced early childhood conditions that led to attachment and relational disorders, experiencing depression, anxiety, bipolar and other mental health issues. I specialize in working with teen or adult victims of childhood trauma who have chronic physical and mental health disorders. I also offer Clinical Supervision for Associated MFTs.
I work with clients who come to therapy to find relief from suffering. Often they have experienced early childhood conditions that led to attachment and relational disorders, experiencing depression, anxiety, bipolar and other mental health issues. I specialize in working with teen or adult victims of childhood trauma who have chronic physical and mental health disorders. I also offer Clinical Supervision for Associated MFTs.
(279) 201-5516 View (279) 201-5516
Photo of Angela Fuller, Pre-Licensed Professional in Roseville, CA
Angela Fuller
Pre-Licensed Professional, AMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Roseville, CA 95661
Welcome! I work at Horizon Counseling Center as an Associate Marriage Family Therapist under the supervision of Ashley Barnes-Brown CA12766. In my practice, I employ Brainspotting, a trauma-informed therapeutic approach, to help unearth and explore thoughts, emotions, and sensations that may have been unintentionally suppressed or concealed. I also integrate Internal Family Systems therapy, which emphasizes the presence of various aspects within ourselves. According to this framework, there are no inherently "negative" parts, and the therapeutic objective is to assist these parts in discovering their more balanced functions.
Welcome! I work at Horizon Counseling Center as an Associate Marriage Family Therapist under the supervision of Ashley Barnes-Brown CA12766. In my practice, I employ Brainspotting, a trauma-informed therapeutic approach, to help unearth and explore thoughts, emotions, and sensations that may have been unintentionally suppressed or concealed. I also integrate Internal Family Systems therapy, which emphasizes the presence of various aspects within ourselves. According to this framework, there are no inherently "negative" parts, and the therapeutic objective is to assist these parts in discovering their more balanced functions.
(279) 400-1348 x562 View (279) 400-1348 x562
Photo of Alyson Sandoval, Marriage & Family Therapist in Roseville, CA
Alyson Sandoval
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, PPS, MS
Verified Verified
Roseville, CA 95661
As a therapist, I love offering a safe and supportive space to process relationships, anxiety, depression, and other difficulties that can come as you navigate life. My hope is that our sessions feel casual and warm and that you feel met right where you are. My goal is to provide skills and perspective as you work towards your best self.
As a therapist, I love offering a safe and supportive space to process relationships, anxiety, depression, and other difficulties that can come as you navigate life. My hope is that our sessions feel casual and warm and that you feel met right where you are. My goal is to provide skills and perspective as you work towards your best self.
(530) 675-8465 View (530) 675-8465
Photo of Shawn R Ernoehazy, Marriage & Family Therapist in Roseville, CA
Shawn R Ernoehazy
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Roseville, CA 95678
My focus is on improving communication in all facets of life. I believe the first shift must be in how one communicates with themselves. Using Humanistic and CBT theories, we will work together to challenge and change self defeating thoughts and behaviors that keep you locked in unhealthy relationships. We will explore where those old patterns come from, and let them go. My approach is non-judgmental, with unconditional positive regard for you as worth-while person, no matter what path you have traveled to this point.
My focus is on improving communication in all facets of life. I believe the first shift must be in how one communicates with themselves. Using Humanistic and CBT theories, we will work together to challenge and change self defeating thoughts and behaviors that keep you locked in unhealthy relationships. We will explore where those old patterns come from, and let them go. My approach is non-judgmental, with unconditional positive regard for you as worth-while person, no matter what path you have traveled to this point.
(916) 507-1823 View (916) 507-1823
Photo of Corinne Brodnicki, Marriage & Family Therapist in Roseville, CA
Corinne Brodnicki
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Roseville, CA 95661
I have had the privilege to work with individuals, children, teens, and families to provide support for anxiety, depression, behavior issues, parenting concerns, exploration of spirituality and religion, communication challenges, and family relationship difficulties. I have been trained in Parent-Child Interaction Therapy and enjoy encouraging and supporting caregivers as they learn how to navigate the joys and struggles of parenting. I have also been trained in Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, which allows me to help others process and find healing from past traumatic events.
I have had the privilege to work with individuals, children, teens, and families to provide support for anxiety, depression, behavior issues, parenting concerns, exploration of spirituality and religion, communication challenges, and family relationship difficulties. I have been trained in Parent-Child Interaction Therapy and enjoy encouraging and supporting caregivers as they learn how to navigate the joys and struggles of parenting. I have also been trained in Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, which allows me to help others process and find healing from past traumatic events.
(916) 546-9103 View (916) 546-9103
Photo of Jennifer Hagar, Marriage & Family Therapist in Roseville, CA
Jennifer Hagar
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Roseville, CA 95678  (Online Only)
Are you experiencing relationship problems-such as ongoing conflict, trust issues, or feeling distant? If you are, there is help and hope. Through a process of improving your communication, learning how to have productive conflict resolution, rebuilding trust, and improving the friendship and connection in your partnership; you can have a close, loving relationship.
Are you experiencing relationship problems-such as ongoing conflict, trust issues, or feeling distant? If you are, there is help and hope. Through a process of improving your communication, learning how to have productive conflict resolution, rebuilding trust, and improving the friendship and connection in your partnership; you can have a close, loving relationship.
(916) 660-3300 View (916) 660-3300
Photo of Dane Johnson, Marriage & Family Therapist Intern in Roseville, CA
Dane Johnson
Marriage & Family Therapist Intern, MFT
Verified Verified
Roseville, CA 95661
Life can be overwhelming, and trying to manage it alone can exacerbate anxiety, depression, and relational conflict. In times like these, I am honored to walk alongside those who are aware that a change needs to happen, but don't know what steps to take. If you are feeling lost, stressed, anxious, or hurt, I would love to support you in finding your footing again.
Life can be overwhelming, and trying to manage it alone can exacerbate anxiety, depression, and relational conflict. In times like these, I am honored to walk alongside those who are aware that a change needs to happen, but don't know what steps to take. If you are feeling lost, stressed, anxious, or hurt, I would love to support you in finding your footing again.
(916) 623-1308 View (916) 623-1308
Photo of Chelsea M Dorcich, Marriage & Family Therapist in Roseville, CA
Chelsea M Dorcich
Marriage & Family Therapist, ECSE, LMFT
Verified Verified
Roseville, CA 95661
I am a Marriage and Family Therapist Licensed in California.   I have been working with children and families for over 25 years either as a therapist, developmental specialist or special education teacher. As a therapist, I use evidence-based treatment methods to address everyday milestones and developments that are hindered by depression, anxiety, trauma, habits, etc. I love working with children, adolescents and adults. I often work with OCD and anxiety related concerns, ADHD and Autism. I have a passion for working with parents in need of additional support.
I am a Marriage and Family Therapist Licensed in California.   I have been working with children and families for over 25 years either as a therapist, developmental specialist or special education teacher. As a therapist, I use evidence-based treatment methods to address everyday milestones and developments that are hindered by depression, anxiety, trauma, habits, etc. I love working with children, adolescents and adults. I often work with OCD and anxiety related concerns, ADHD and Autism. I have a passion for working with parents in need of additional support.
(279) 888-9308 View (279) 888-9308
Photo of Leslie Amos, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Roseville, CA
Leslie Amos
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Roseville, CA 95661
Life can be challenging sometimes! And sometimes you really just need someone to support you in navigating your feelings and next steps. My approach to therapy is non-judgmental, relational, client-centered and holistic. This means that I meet you where you are right now and respect the unique path you have walked. I wholeheartedly believe that you have answers within yourself and through the process of therapy, my goal is to support you in connecting with your own inner wisdom.I make this my goal to understand you as a whole person, and frame my treatment around this goal.
Life can be challenging sometimes! And sometimes you really just need someone to support you in navigating your feelings and next steps. My approach to therapy is non-judgmental, relational, client-centered and holistic. This means that I meet you where you are right now and respect the unique path you have walked. I wholeheartedly believe that you have answers within yourself and through the process of therapy, my goal is to support you in connecting with your own inner wisdom.I make this my goal to understand you as a whole person, and frame my treatment around this goal.
(530) 607-6178 View (530) 607-6178
Photo of Tanda Almont, Psychologist in Roseville, CA
Tanda Almont
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Roseville, CA 95661
If you have children with difficult to manage behaviors, seek to learn better parenting skills or are a teacher/daycare provider who needs training to handle misbehavior in the classroom, you have come to the right place! I specialize in Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) which is an empirically supported, short-term live coaching program for parents of children with behavioral problems. I also train local preschools, daycares and other agencies who wish to learn techniques for understanding and handling behavioral problems in the classroom. In addition, I provide psychological testing and individual therapy for children and adults.
If you have children with difficult to manage behaviors, seek to learn better parenting skills or are a teacher/daycare provider who needs training to handle misbehavior in the classroom, you have come to the right place! I specialize in Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT) which is an empirically supported, short-term live coaching program for parents of children with behavioral problems. I also train local preschools, daycares and other agencies who wish to learn techniques for understanding and handling behavioral problems in the classroom. In addition, I provide psychological testing and individual therapy for children and adults.
(916) 251-9936 View (916) 251-9936
Photo of Thriving Psych Services in Roseville, CA
Thriving Psych Services
EdS, NCSP, LEP
Verified Verified
Roseville, CA 95678
We are Nora and Alec, here to assist you in navigating your child's path towards psychological well-being and addressing any academic challenges they may be facing. We bring a wealth of expertise and dedication to every evaluation and counseling session. Our aim is to uncover your child's unique strengths, unravel their challenges, and pave the way for their success. But our commitment extends beyond assessments; we are also deeply invested in nurturing the emotional well-being of adolescents.
We are Nora and Alec, here to assist you in navigating your child's path towards psychological well-being and addressing any academic challenges they may be facing. We bring a wealth of expertise and dedication to every evaluation and counseling session. Our aim is to uncover your child's unique strengths, unravel their challenges, and pave the way for their success. But our commitment extends beyond assessments; we are also deeply invested in nurturing the emotional well-being of adolescents.
(916) 209-0706 View (916) 209-0706
Photo of Donna M Stephens in Roseville, CA
Donna M Stephens
MS, PPS, BCC
Verified Verified
Roseville, CA 95747  (Online Only)
I have been trained as a Board Certified Life Coach through ILCT. I follow the ethical standards and guidelines set by the International Coaching Federation. Additionally, I have over 25 years of clinical experience in a multitude of settings. The common bond is that regardless of the position, my focus has always been on helping people help themselves.
I have been trained as a Board Certified Life Coach through ILCT. I follow the ethical standards and guidelines set by the International Coaching Federation. Additionally, I have over 25 years of clinical experience in a multitude of settings. The common bond is that regardless of the position, my focus has always been on helping people help themselves.
(530) 494-6698 View (530) 494-6698
Photo of Ronna Spiegel, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Roseville, CA
Ronna Spiegel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Roseville, CA 95678  (Online Only)
As an LCSW with 20+ years devoted to supporting women navigating various life transitions—be it parenting, college, career, or pregnancy/postpartum—I understand life's complexities. You don't have to face your journey alone! My therapeutic approach is warm, engaging, and proactive. I firmly believe in my client's capacity to overcome challenges, guiding them toward a happier, more fulfilling life. My objective is for you to leave our sessions feeling hopeful and empowered, armed with a tangible plan for implementing positive change. I look forward to getting to know you and helping you realize your goals.
As an LCSW with 20+ years devoted to supporting women navigating various life transitions—be it parenting, college, career, or pregnancy/postpartum—I understand life's complexities. You don't have to face your journey alone! My therapeutic approach is warm, engaging, and proactive. I firmly believe in my client's capacity to overcome challenges, guiding them toward a happier, more fulfilling life. My objective is for you to leave our sessions feeling hopeful and empowered, armed with a tangible plan for implementing positive change. I look forward to getting to know you and helping you realize your goals.
(916) 775-0036 View (916) 775-0036
Photo of Hailey Palos, Associate Marriage & Family Therapist in Roseville, CA
Hailey Palos
Associate Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, AMFT, APCC
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Roseville, CA 95661
If you are searching for a trauma and EMDR trained therapist who is culturally competent in working with first responders, military, chronic illness, within pregnancy, perinatal and postpartum periods (including birth trauma) or someone who comes alongside parents and helping professionals; you are in the right place. Moving through difficult experiences and complex emotions can be uncomfortable, which is why I operate with respect, kindness, and understanding. I also have a compassionate, yet straight-forward approach that sprinkles in insight; allowing you to move into the growth you are seeking and gain skills for your future.
If you are searching for a trauma and EMDR trained therapist who is culturally competent in working with first responders, military, chronic illness, within pregnancy, perinatal and postpartum periods (including birth trauma) or someone who comes alongside parents and helping professionals; you are in the right place. Moving through difficult experiences and complex emotions can be uncomfortable, which is why I operate with respect, kindness, and understanding. I also have a compassionate, yet straight-forward approach that sprinkles in insight; allowing you to move into the growth you are seeking and gain skills for your future.
(916) 299-6287 View (916) 299-6287
Photo of Steve Palos, Marriage & Family Therapist in Roseville, CA
Steve Palos
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Roseville, CA 95678
We all strive to be happy in life. Unfortunately life is full of unpredictable struggles that get in the way of our path to happiness. To gain true happiness we must learn how to love ourselves. Loving ourselves starts with self-understanding and believing in ourselves. Struggles unfortunately make us believe that things are not meant to be, or that we will simply never be happy. This negative pattern of thinking is what keeps us from finding happiness. Remember, we have all the tools within us to achieve happiness and create the life we love.
We all strive to be happy in life. Unfortunately life is full of unpredictable struggles that get in the way of our path to happiness. To gain true happiness we must learn how to love ourselves. Loving ourselves starts with self-understanding and believing in ourselves. Struggles unfortunately make us believe that things are not meant to be, or that we will simply never be happy. This negative pattern of thinking is what keeps us from finding happiness. Remember, we have all the tools within us to achieve happiness and create the life we love.
(916) 560-1491 View (916) 560-1491
Photo of Shannon Vitro Counseling, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Roseville, CA
Shannon Vitro Counseling
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Roseville, CA 95747
Let's walk the path together. You've just taken the brave first step by deciding to seek out a counselor. I would like to invite you experience a safe and non-judgmental space within which you can work through life's challenges. My goal is to help individuals, couples, and families make positive changes in their lives through empowerment, hope, and grace.
Let's walk the path together. You've just taken the brave first step by deciding to seek out a counselor. I would like to invite you experience a safe and non-judgmental space within which you can work through life's challenges. My goal is to help individuals, couples, and families make positive changes in their lives through empowerment, hope, and grace.
(916) 571-0216 View (916) 571-0216
Photo of Tara Meskowsky, Psychologist in Roseville, CA
Tara Meskowsky
Psychologist, PsyD, BCN
Verified Verified
Roseville, CA 95661
Hello and welcome! I'm Dr. Tara Meskowsky (licensed clinical psychologist and board certified in neurofeedback) and I specialize in individual therapy and neurotherapy/biofeedback for adolescents, teens, and adults. I use neurotherapy for most challenges, including ADHD, ASD, anxiety, depression, TBI, trauma, and sports performance. I also like to utilize different approaches in psychotherapy, including EMDR, CBT, and behavior modification. I have worked in the psychology field for over twenty years, absolutely love what I do, and am here to help. Please reach out if you have any questions or would like to set up an appointment.
Hello and welcome! I'm Dr. Tara Meskowsky (licensed clinical psychologist and board certified in neurofeedback) and I specialize in individual therapy and neurotherapy/biofeedback for adolescents, teens, and adults. I use neurotherapy for most challenges, including ADHD, ASD, anxiety, depression, TBI, trauma, and sports performance. I also like to utilize different approaches in psychotherapy, including EMDR, CBT, and behavior modification. I have worked in the psychology field for over twenty years, absolutely love what I do, and am here to help. Please reach out if you have any questions or would like to set up an appointment.
(530) 531-8823 View (530) 531-8823
Photo of Samantha Zachman, Marriage & Family Therapist in Roseville, CA
Samantha Zachman
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT, PPS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Roseville, CA 95747  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Hi. I’m Samantha, Marriage and Family Therapist, who specializes in working with pre-teens, adolescents, and adults. I enjoy building rapport with children and teens, highlighting their strengths, and providing a safe space for them to express their emotions and learn new skills. I am equally as passionate about providing a supportive, comfortable environment for adults to process emotions, increase self-awareness, and create new habits for personal wellness. I work with clients to help support them through major life transitions, anxiety, depression, grief & loss, relationship issues, trauma experiences, and personal development.
Hi. I’m Samantha, Marriage and Family Therapist, who specializes in working with pre-teens, adolescents, and adults. I enjoy building rapport with children and teens, highlighting their strengths, and providing a safe space for them to express their emotions and learn new skills. I am equally as passionate about providing a supportive, comfortable environment for adults to process emotions, increase self-awareness, and create new habits for personal wellness. I work with clients to help support them through major life transitions, anxiety, depression, grief & loss, relationship issues, trauma experiences, and personal development.
(916) 975-8471 View (916) 975-8471
Photo of Mandy Schmidt, Marriage & Family Therapist in Roseville, CA
Mandy Schmidt
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Roseville, CA 95746
“Wherever you go, there you are,” goes the saying. Captured in so few words is wisdom about the beauty and challenge of the human condition: learning how to live with ourselves! I believe attention to our personal formation is essential to living a meaningful, fulfilling life. In our work together, you will find that I provide space for discovering ways your past has shaped your present, and partnership for the journey of working towards personal healing. My passion is to be a safe, non-anxious presence to allow you to become undone from past trauma and pain and pieced back together in a way that leads to your personal flourishing.
“Wherever you go, there you are,” goes the saying. Captured in so few words is wisdom about the beauty and challenge of the human condition: learning how to live with ourselves! I believe attention to our personal formation is essential to living a meaningful, fulfilling life. In our work together, you will find that I provide space for discovering ways your past has shaped your present, and partnership for the journey of working towards personal healing. My passion is to be a safe, non-anxious presence to allow you to become undone from past trauma and pain and pieced back together in a way that leads to your personal flourishing.
(530) 451-0672 View (530) 451-0672
Photo of Amanda Medina, Marriage & Family Therapist in Roseville, CA
Amanda Medina
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Roseville, CA 95661
If you are thinking about embarking on the journey of therapy then you have come to the right place! I am passionate about assisting my clients in reaching their goals. I believe in identifying clear goals, formulating a strategy, implementing proven methods, and seeking results. There are no guarantees for specific outcomes in therapy, but I can assure you that I will be working hard alongside you. Taking your burdens to a safe, confidential, empathetic place to unload and find the right tools for change can make all the difference.
If you are thinking about embarking on the journey of therapy then you have come to the right place! I am passionate about assisting my clients in reaching their goals. I believe in identifying clear goals, formulating a strategy, implementing proven methods, and seeking results. There are no guarantees for specific outcomes in therapy, but I can assure you that I will be working hard alongside you. Taking your burdens to a safe, confidential, empathetic place to unload and find the right tools for change can make all the difference.
(916) 546-1552 View (916) 546-1552

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Roseville, CA

600+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Roseville, CA who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
90% Depression
75% Relationship Issues
72% Trauma and PTSD
72% Self Esteem
69% Grief
68% Stress

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

68% Aetna
56% Cigna and Evernorth
53% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Roseville, CA see their clients

74% In Person and Online
26% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
20% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Roseville?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.