Photo of Orlando Quinones, Licensed Professional Counselor in San Antonio, TX
Orlando Quinones
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC, CCAT
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78244  (Online Only)
I use a variety of specific therapeutic approaches, such as CBT, rational emotive therapy, Solution Focused Therapy, DBT, with individuals on a multitude of issues, including, but not limited to, anxiety, depression, and trauma.
As a Licensed Clinical Psychotherapist, I enjoy combining my passion and skill set to provide virtual therapeutic services to clients throughout Texas. Through my experiences in settings such as hospitals, community mental health, and non-profits, I have developed the tools necessary to meet clients where they are in their own, individual journeys and uncover their unique traits necessary to navigate individual circumstances. I have experience in helping clients with stress and anxiety, anger management & motivation, self-esteem, and confidence. I believe in treating everyone with respect, sensitivity, and compassion.
I use a variety of specific therapeutic approaches, such as CBT, rational emotive therapy, Solution Focused Therapy, DBT, with individuals on a multitude of issues, including, but not limited to, anxiety, depression, and trauma.
As a Licensed Clinical Psychotherapist, I enjoy combining my passion and skill set to provide virtual therapeutic services to clients throughout Texas. Through my experiences in settings such as hospitals, community mental health, and non-profits, I have developed the tools necessary to meet clients where they are in their own, individual journeys and uncover their unique traits necessary to navigate individual circumstances. I have experience in helping clients with stress and anxiety, anger management & motivation, self-esteem, and confidence. I believe in treating everyone with respect, sensitivity, and compassion.
(210) 871-0337 View (210) 871-0337
Photo of Felise De Novo, Counselor in San Antonio, TX
Felise De Novo
Counselor, MA, LPC-S, PC
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78212  (Online Only)
If you are committed to improving your situation, I will commit to working with you. I have been working with families and children with a variety of issues as a Licensed Professional Counselor since 2000. I offer professional therapeutic services to individuals, couples, families, adolescents, and children.
If you are committed to improving your situation, I will commit to working with you. I have been working with families and children with a variety of issues as a Licensed Professional Counselor since 2000. I offer professional therapeutic services to individuals, couples, families, adolescents, and children.
(210) 714-1442 View (210) 714-1442
Photo of SonderMind - Therapy that works., Licensed Professional Counselor in San Antonio, TX
SonderMind - Therapy that works.
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
San Antonio, TX 78254  (Online Only)
I'm a licensed in Texas with 8 years of professional counseling experience. I have experience in helping clients with stress and anxiety, relationship issues, trauma and abuse, depression, & motivation, self-esteem, and confidence issues. I believe that you are the expert of your story and truly enjoy listening the truth is very few people want to be analyzed, they want to humanized. Taking the first step to sign up for therapy takes self-awareness and I am honored that you are here I would truly enjoy assisting you in addressing your mental and emotional health needs. Sincerely, Bryan Young LPC
I'm a licensed in Texas with 8 years of professional counseling experience. I have experience in helping clients with stress and anxiety, relationship issues, trauma and abuse, depression, & motivation, self-esteem, and confidence issues. I believe that you are the expert of your story and truly enjoy listening the truth is very few people want to be analyzed, they want to humanized. Taking the first step to sign up for therapy takes self-awareness and I am honored that you are here I would truly enjoy assisting you in addressing your mental and emotional health needs. Sincerely, Bryan Young LPC
(726) 224-7382 View (726) 224-7382
Photo of Ample + Rooted, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Antonio, TX
Ample + Rooted
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-S, CGP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78212
**ACCEPTING NEW CLIENTS!*** Ample + Rooted provides an affirming and welcoming home for diverse individuals to reclaim their inherent worth. Through therapy, mindfulness practices, courses, trainings and events, we support, guide and hold space for our clients to feel valued, nurtured and nourished. We believe healing and growth happen when you feel truly seen and understood. Our individual, relationship and group therapy services are available to folx of all backgrounds, orientations, identities, expressions, and relationship and family constellations.
**ACCEPTING NEW CLIENTS!*** Ample + Rooted provides an affirming and welcoming home for diverse individuals to reclaim their inherent worth. Through therapy, mindfulness practices, courses, trainings and events, we support, guide and hold space for our clients to feel valued, nurtured and nourished. We believe healing and growth happen when you feel truly seen and understood. Our individual, relationship and group therapy services are available to folx of all backgrounds, orientations, identities, expressions, and relationship and family constellations.
(512) 394-4156 View (512) 394-4156
Photo of Erika Pereda, Pre-Licensed Professional in San Antonio, TX
Erika Pereda
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Antonio, TX 78204  (Online Only)
Taking the first step to initiate therapy can be hard as facing our problems may feel scary and challenging. Therefore, I try to create a safe space for clients and make this process as smooth as possible. My approach to therapy is to help individuals build insight and self-understanding into their difficulties and patterns, and help them move from feeling “stuck or lost” to feeling encouraged and empowered to make the changes they want and need to have a fulfilling and satisfying life. In sessions with me, you will find warmth, support, empathy, genuineness and honesty, a splash of humor, as well as some challenging conversations.
Taking the first step to initiate therapy can be hard as facing our problems may feel scary and challenging. Therefore, I try to create a safe space for clients and make this process as smooth as possible. My approach to therapy is to help individuals build insight and self-understanding into their difficulties and patterns, and help them move from feeling “stuck or lost” to feeling encouraged and empowered to make the changes they want and need to have a fulfilling and satisfying life. In sessions with me, you will find warmth, support, empathy, genuineness and honesty, a splash of humor, as well as some challenging conversations.
(512) 980-3435 View (512) 980-3435

Online Therapists

Photo of Dr. Emily Carl, Psychologist in San Antonio, TX
Dr. Emily Carl
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78731
My training includes in a wide array of approaches, so I can draw from CBT's (including DBT, RO-DBT, ACT, exposure therapy, and CPT for PTSD), psychodynamic therapy, and mindfulness techniques, depending on the needs and preferences of each individual.
Therapy can transform both our inner and outer worlds by making sense of our stories, releasing what no longer serves us, and living more fully in the present. I do this work best with people who are overly responsible, self-critical, and chronically nervous, tense, or guilty. You might identify as a perfectionist or people-pleaser, and might say you "grew up too fast." Common goals include getting in touch with alienated parts of the self, freedom from self-criticism, healing from emotional abuse and neglect, navigating difficult relationships with family, and relief from symptoms of PTSD, OCD, anxiety disorders, or depression.
My training includes in a wide array of approaches, so I can draw from CBT's (including DBT, RO-DBT, ACT, exposure therapy, and CPT for PTSD), psychodynamic therapy, and mindfulness techniques, depending on the needs and preferences of each individual.
Therapy can transform both our inner and outer worlds by making sense of our stories, releasing what no longer serves us, and living more fully in the present. I do this work best with people who are overly responsible, self-critical, and chronically nervous, tense, or guilty. You might identify as a perfectionist or people-pleaser, and might say you "grew up too fast." Common goals include getting in touch with alienated parts of the self, freedom from self-criticism, healing from emotional abuse and neglect, navigating difficult relationships with family, and relief from symptoms of PTSD, OCD, anxiety disorders, or depression.
(512) 882-0726 View (512) 882-0726
Photo of Austin Community Counseling Services, PLLC, Licensed Professional Counselor in San Antonio, TX
Austin Community Counseling Services, PLLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78753  (Online Only)
Kennedy utilizes Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) which teaches emotional regulation skills, healthy assertive communication skills, self-esteem, and self-confidence-building skills among others.
Kennedy M. Sabelko is a master’s level clinical therapist with over 20 years of experience working in the mental health and educational field. Kennedy is currently completing his PhD in Metaphysical Humanist Sciences with a concentration on Quantum Energy Healing. Kennedy’s compassion for helping individuals achieve a better quality of life derives from his own personal, clinical, and cultural experiences.
Kennedy utilizes Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) which teaches emotional regulation skills, healthy assertive communication skills, self-esteem, and self-confidence-building skills among others.
Kennedy M. Sabelko is a master’s level clinical therapist with over 20 years of experience working in the mental health and educational field. Kennedy is currently completing his PhD in Metaphysical Humanist Sciences with a concentration on Quantum Energy Healing. Kennedy’s compassion for helping individuals achieve a better quality of life derives from his own personal, clinical, and cultural experiences.
(970) 293-8464 View (970) 293-8464
Photo of Hannah Vogt, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Antonio, TX
Hannah Vogt
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78759
Hi and welcome! It's a brave and vulnerable step to consider therapy, so I acknowledge the strength it took you to take this first step to find help. You may be feeling low, burnt out, anxious, traumatized, and in need of a break. While there are no quick fixes in therapy, I have helped many clients build resilience, find peace, and gain strength. Prior to my role as therapist, I worked at an inpatient psychiatric facility and in a DBT IOP, but therapy is my favorite. I value it in my own life, and I put a lot into the work I do with clients.
Hi and welcome! It's a brave and vulnerable step to consider therapy, so I acknowledge the strength it took you to take this first step to find help. You may be feeling low, burnt out, anxious, traumatized, and in need of a break. While there are no quick fixes in therapy, I have helped many clients build resilience, find peace, and gain strength. Prior to my role as therapist, I worked at an inpatient psychiatric facility and in a DBT IOP, but therapy is my favorite. I value it in my own life, and I put a lot into the work I do with clients.
(512) 548-4514 View (512) 548-4514
Photo of Connection Centered Counseling, PLLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Antonio, TX
Connection Centered Counseling, PLLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Round Rock, TX 78681  (Online Only)
I am EMDR and DBT trained, and am a Level 1 trained PACT Therapist.
Currently accepting couples cases only. Hi! I'm Ely Reisen, Owner and Therapist at Connection Centered Counseling, PLLC. In my practice, I view the concerns and needs brought to therapy as the result of interacting and moving variables within one’s life. I also believe that when people have supportive relationships in their lives, when they know how to ask for what they need in healthy ways, when they know how to set important boundaries, and when they are empowered toward the accomplishment of deeply personal goals, many of the concerns and complaints that bring people to counseling resolve.
I am EMDR and DBT trained, and am a Level 1 trained PACT Therapist.
Currently accepting couples cases only. Hi! I'm Ely Reisen, Owner and Therapist at Connection Centered Counseling, PLLC. In my practice, I view the concerns and needs brought to therapy as the result of interacting and moving variables within one’s life. I also believe that when people have supportive relationships in their lives, when they know how to ask for what they need in healthy ways, when they know how to set important boundaries, and when they are empowered toward the accomplishment of deeply personal goals, many of the concerns and complaints that bring people to counseling resolve.
(720) 727-7373 View (720) 727-7373
Photo of Mark Steele, Licensed Professional Counselor Associate in San Antonio, TX
Mark Steele
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, MA, NCC, LPC-A
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78746
Sometimes we encounter barriers in our lives that are overwhelming and keep us from becoming the person we want to be. Maybe you've experienced trauma during another time of your life. The residual effects of such distressing events can lead to chronic stress and anxiety, depression, and addictive behaviors in a struggle to cope. Whatever your reason for seeking therapy, I strive to provide a safe, welcoming space to help you feel understood and empowered as you navigate life's challenges. I am also conversant in ASL, enabling me to offer accessible culturally-sensitive therapy to the Deaf community.
Sometimes we encounter barriers in our lives that are overwhelming and keep us from becoming the person we want to be. Maybe you've experienced trauma during another time of your life. The residual effects of such distressing events can lead to chronic stress and anxiety, depression, and addictive behaviors in a struggle to cope. Whatever your reason for seeking therapy, I strive to provide a safe, welcoming space to help you feel understood and empowered as you navigate life's challenges. I am also conversant in ASL, enabling me to offer accessible culturally-sensitive therapy to the Deaf community.
(737) 637-3112 View (737) 637-3112
Photo of Shannon Huggins, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Antonio, TX
Shannon Huggins
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-S, BCD
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78759
I specialize in moving people into stronger positions of agency in their lives. Being alone with overwhelming emotions intensifies our pain. It also blocks psychological growth, depletes our emotional resources, and undermines creative problem-solving and well-being. I provide a competently-directed treatment process that can help untangle complicated feelings and experiences and awaken the possibility of change.
I specialize in moving people into stronger positions of agency in their lives. Being alone with overwhelming emotions intensifies our pain. It also blocks psychological growth, depletes our emotional resources, and undermines creative problem-solving and well-being. I provide a competently-directed treatment process that can help untangle complicated feelings and experiences and awaken the possibility of change.
(512) 270-6305 View (512) 270-6305
Photo of Counselors of Texas, Licensed Professional Counselor in San Antonio, TX
Counselors of Texas
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Round Rock, TX 78681
Counselors Of Texas/Side by Side Wellness Center is one of the largest private counseling groups in Central Texas with offices located in Austin Killeen and Round Rock. Our services include individual therapy, marital and family counseling, group therapy, psychological and educational testing, Christian counseling, educational assessments, chemical dependency counseling, vocational counseling and play therapy. We work with children, adolescents and adults.
Counselors Of Texas/Side by Side Wellness Center is one of the largest private counseling groups in Central Texas with offices located in Austin Killeen and Round Rock. Our services include individual therapy, marital and family counseling, group therapy, psychological and educational testing, Christian counseling, educational assessments, chemical dependency counseling, vocational counseling and play therapy. We work with children, adolescents and adults.
(737) 204-3398 View (737) 204-3398
Photo of James Williams, Licensed Professional Counselor in San Antonio, TX
James Williams
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78705  (Online Only)
When human being experience trauma, death, relationships conflict, or life stressors, it is not uncommon for them to feel as if there life is falling apart. My passion is helping those in discomfort change the way they think in an effort to change the way they feel. No one person is the same so I have been trained in multiple modalities to assist people in regaining control over their lives. My style of therapy is eclectic and my framework ranges from Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Cognitive Processing Therapy, Dialectic Behavioral Therapy, Gottman Method of Family Therapy, with mindful coping strategies.
When human being experience trauma, death, relationships conflict, or life stressors, it is not uncommon for them to feel as if there life is falling apart. My passion is helping those in discomfort change the way they think in an effort to change the way they feel. No one person is the same so I have been trained in multiple modalities to assist people in regaining control over their lives. My style of therapy is eclectic and my framework ranges from Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Cognitive Processing Therapy, Dialectic Behavioral Therapy, Gottman Method of Family Therapy, with mindful coping strategies.
(737) 530-8522 View (737) 530-8522
Photo of Bruno Gabriel Lepore, Licensed Professional Counselor in San Antonio, TX
Bruno Gabriel Lepore
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPCS
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78759
My name is Bruno Lepore, MA, LPCS. I am a psychotherapist with a Master’s degree in Clinical Psychology, a Licensed Professional Counselor, a Certified Mediator, and a Certified Critical Incident Debriefing facilitator. I am trained to use a variety of compassionate and empirically validated interventions, including EMDR, Internal Family System, hypnosis, cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness, and acceptance commitment therapy. These modalities are proven to help patients cope with a variety of problems and crises. My approach to treatment is collaborative, solution-oriented, and interactive.
My name is Bruno Lepore, MA, LPCS. I am a psychotherapist with a Master’s degree in Clinical Psychology, a Licensed Professional Counselor, a Certified Mediator, and a Certified Critical Incident Debriefing facilitator. I am trained to use a variety of compassionate and empirically validated interventions, including EMDR, Internal Family System, hypnosis, cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness, and acceptance commitment therapy. These modalities are proven to help patients cope with a variety of problems and crises. My approach to treatment is collaborative, solution-oriented, and interactive.
(512) 400-2038 View (512) 400-2038
Photo of Olga Simons, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Antonio, TX
Olga Simons, LCSW
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Austin, TX 78723
I believe the counseling process needs to be tailored to the needs of each individual and the client-counselor relationship is very important in effectively addressing life situations and emotional pain. My education and experience has prepared me to counsel individuals, couples, and families. I have spent several years gaining expertise providing mindfulness based counseling (Hakomi) to clients interested in this person-centered approach. EMDR and PACT (Psychobiological Approach to Couples Therapy - Stan Tatkin's work) trained. Certified mediator.
I believe the counseling process needs to be tailored to the needs of each individual and the client-counselor relationship is very important in effectively addressing life situations and emotional pain. My education and experience has prepared me to counsel individuals, couples, and families. I have spent several years gaining expertise providing mindfulness based counseling (Hakomi) to clients interested in this person-centered approach. EMDR and PACT (Psychobiological Approach to Couples Therapy - Stan Tatkin's work) trained. Certified mediator.
(512) 829-7418 View (512) 829-7418
Photo of Susan Mellon, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in San Antonio, TX
Susan Mellon
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MFT
Verified Verified
Round Rock, TX 78665  (Online Only)
Do you feel stuck but can't quite put your finger on what is is or where to go from here? Are you looking for extra support and guidance through a challenging situation or you just feel like there's something missing and you can't quite put your finger on it? Are you a new Mom or a single Mom that feels alone and isolated? Are you just going through the motions in your relationship and want to get back to or maybe for the first time experience true authentic openness and connection? Sound familiar? If you want to change, reach out to me.
Do you feel stuck but can't quite put your finger on what is is or where to go from here? Are you looking for extra support and guidance through a challenging situation or you just feel like there's something missing and you can't quite put your finger on it? Are you a new Mom or a single Mom that feels alone and isolated? Are you just going through the motions in your relationship and want to get back to or maybe for the first time experience true authentic openness and connection? Sound familiar? If you want to change, reach out to me.
(512) 298-1856 View (512) 298-1856
Photo of Curtisha Taylor, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Antonio, TX
Curtisha Taylor
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78745
Hello! I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker & Supervisor in the state of Texas. I have over 11 years of experience providing family, individual, and group therapy. I currently focus on working with adults managing life transitions, work stress, and marital concerns. I am comfortable treating depression, anxiety, stress, parenting concerns, developing life goals. I also work with teens to help manage stress, develop life goals, and coping with other mental health concerns. I believe in treating everyone with respect, sensitivity, and compassion and will tailor our sessions and treatment plan to meet your unique and specific needs.
Hello! I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker & Supervisor in the state of Texas. I have over 11 years of experience providing family, individual, and group therapy. I currently focus on working with adults managing life transitions, work stress, and marital concerns. I am comfortable treating depression, anxiety, stress, parenting concerns, developing life goals. I also work with teens to help manage stress, develop life goals, and coping with other mental health concerns. I believe in treating everyone with respect, sensitivity, and compassion and will tailor our sessions and treatment plan to meet your unique and specific needs.
(512) 882-0376 View (512) 882-0376
Photo of David M. Wilson, Pre-Licensed Professional in San Antonio, TX
David M. Wilson
Pre-Licensed Professional, PhD
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78760
I believe that treatment should not simply focus on the problems in your life. Effective treatment should also identify what is working or could work and help you take that to the next level. I seek to empower people with the skills, insight, and wisdom to help themselves. I use a collaborative approach to help people increase awareness of where they have been, who they are now, and where they would like to take their future. I utilize evidenced-based treatments to ensure the highest level of efficacy while tailoring the treatments to the unique circumstances of each individual.
I believe that treatment should not simply focus on the problems in your life. Effective treatment should also identify what is working or could work and help you take that to the next level. I seek to empower people with the skills, insight, and wisdom to help themselves. I use a collaborative approach to help people increase awareness of where they have been, who they are now, and where they would like to take their future. I utilize evidenced-based treatments to ensure the highest level of efficacy while tailoring the treatments to the unique circumstances of each individual.
(512) 574-0922 View (512) 574-0922
Photo of Janet Wang, Licensed Professional Counselor in San Antonio, TX
Janet Wang
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC, MA
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78752
Your relationship with yourself and others cause you to suffer in ways that your friends can't fully comprehend. Feelings of failure, insecurity, anxiety and depression have left you feeling like a stranger in your own life. You question yourself, wondering if you've done something wrong... whether there's something you should be doing differently. Friends and family are trying to be helpful with their advice, but it often leaves you feeling worse. Some days you have hope and others you feel you are in true despair. You are desperate to make sense of it all, and you don't know where to turn.
Your relationship with yourself and others cause you to suffer in ways that your friends can't fully comprehend. Feelings of failure, insecurity, anxiety and depression have left you feeling like a stranger in your own life. You question yourself, wondering if you've done something wrong... whether there's something you should be doing differently. Friends and family are trying to be helpful with their advice, but it often leaves you feeling worse. Some days you have hope and others you feel you are in true despair. You are desperate to make sense of it all, and you don't know where to turn.
(512) 212-7377 View (512) 212-7377
Photo of Jennifer Jo Dahle Merrill, Licensed Professional Counselor in San Antonio, TX
Jennifer Jo Dahle Merrill
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Austin, TX 78731
Relationships can be a source of our greatest joy and sometimes our greatest sorrows. Being in relationship with others effectively, requires that you have a positive relationship with yourself. Maybe you're feeling depressed, anxious or angry and don’t understand why. Maybe you have negative beliefs about yourself or others that affect your decisions and relationships. Maybe you’ve felt disconnected or in conflict with your significant other, friends, or family. You may be finding yourself in a pattern of having the same conflicts over and over.
Relationships can be a source of our greatest joy and sometimes our greatest sorrows. Being in relationship with others effectively, requires that you have a positive relationship with yourself. Maybe you're feeling depressed, anxious or angry and don’t understand why. Maybe you have negative beliefs about yourself or others that affect your decisions and relationships. Maybe you’ve felt disconnected or in conflict with your significant other, friends, or family. You may be finding yourself in a pattern of having the same conflicts over and over.
(512) 778-0947 View (512) 778-0947


Dialectical Behavior (DBT) Therapists

Who is DBT for?

Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) is designed for people who experience extreme emotional suffering because they lack the skills of emotion regulation and distress tolerance. The basic affliction can underlie a wide range of conditions, from borderline and other personality disorders to PTSD and treatment-resistant anxiety and depression. The therapy is helpful to those whose emotional reactivity is so intense it is disruptive to everyday functioning and leads to frequent crises.

Why do people need DBT?

The ability to regulate emotions is a core psychological skill that enables people to function in life and pay attention to the world outside themselves; it is consistently associated with well-being. DBT is designed to help people learn how to manage and regulate their emotions. Originally developed to treat people with borderline personality disorder whose extreme emotional suffering led to self-harming behavior and suicide attempts, the therapy is now applied to other conditions involving emotion dysregulation, particularly when other treatments have failed.

What happens in DBT?

Individuals meet weekly with their therapist to discuss their experiences relating to moods, behavior, and skills. Using checklists they maintain, they review emotional experiences and positive practices they engage in. The diaries help individuals discern what led up to a specific problem encountered, this is followed by discussion of the consequences of their actions. In addition, individuals may meet in class-like small groups to learn skills such as mindfulness, emotion regulation and distress tolerance.

How long does DBT last?

Because it is intended to establish long-lasting behavioral change among those with persistent problems, DBT is designed to last six months to a year. DBT includes both weekly sessions of individual therapy and weekly skills-training sessions conducted in small groups. Studies of DBT have documented improvement within a year of treatment, particularly in controlling self-harmful behavior; nevertheless, individuals may require therapy for several years.