Therapists in Wauconda, IL
FJ Psychological Services
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Wauconda, IL 60084
I utilize principals of Cognitive Behavior Therapy, Emotion Focused Therapy, Dialectical Behavior Therapy, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and am trained in Applied Behavior Analysis.
I have been providing psychological and behavioral services in the Chicagoland and Grand Rapids, Michigan area for the last 14 years. In session I am empathetic and positive, working collaboratively with each client, in overcoming life challenges. Due to the vast amount of experience I have gained in both psychotherapy as well as behavioral modification, my therapeutic approach is diverse and can be non-directive, guiding the client at their own pace, or directive in nature. My goal is to assist each client to a happier, healthier, productive life, in a safe environment.
I utilize principals of Cognitive Behavior Therapy, Emotion Focused Therapy, Dialectical Behavior Therapy, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and am trained in Applied Behavior Analysis.
I have been providing psychological and behavioral services in the Chicagoland and Grand Rapids, Michigan area for the last 14 years. In session I am empathetic and positive, working collaboratively with each client, in overcoming life challenges. Due to the vast amount of experience I have gained in both psychotherapy as well as behavioral modification, my therapeutic approach is diverse and can be non-directive, guiding the client at their own pace, or directive in nature. My goal is to assist each client to a happier, healthier, productive life, in a safe environment.
Brendan C. Bell
Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
16 Endorsed
Wauconda, IL 60084
Are you having trouble finding help for your middle schooler or teen? Is your teenager difficult-to-reach? Oppositional? Out-of-control? Resistant to therapy? Working with challenging kids is a passion of mine! Give me the opportunity to connect with your son or daughter, and then equip you as parents with the skills you need to bring order to your home and rebuild your family relationships. Your middle schooler or teen will discover an environment here that is safe, productive, and often quite fun!
Are you having trouble finding help for your middle schooler or teen? Is your teenager difficult-to-reach? Oppositional? Out-of-control? Resistant to therapy? Working with challenging kids is a passion of mine! Give me the opportunity to connect with your son or daughter, and then equip you as parents with the skills you need to bring order to your home and rebuild your family relationships. Your middle schooler or teen will discover an environment here that is safe, productive, and often quite fun!
Cherry Hill Counseling
Verified Verified
Wauconda, IL 60084
Cherry Hill Counseling is one of the longest-standing counseling practices in the Northwestern suburbs of Chicago. Cherry Hill has seven locations including: Lake Zurich, Vernon Hills, McHenry, Deer Park, Chicago, Grayslake, and Wheaton. Our counseling services include: individual therapy, family therapy, counseling for children and adolescents, marital and premarital therapy, group therapy, and psychological testing.
Cherry Hill Counseling is one of the longest-standing counseling practices in the Northwestern suburbs of Chicago. Cherry Hill has seven locations including: Lake Zurich, Vernon Hills, McHenry, Deer Park, Chicago, Grayslake, and Wheaton. Our counseling services include: individual therapy, family therapy, counseling for children and adolescents, marital and premarital therapy, group therapy, and psychological testing.
Andrea Perez
Counselor, MA, ATR, LCPC
Verified Verified
Wauconda, IL 60084
Raise your hand if you lie in bed at night, replaying scenarios in your head, and wishing you had handled them differently. Maybe you’re going through something that no one else understands. Maybe it feels like the walls are closing in on you. At your pace, I will help you process emotions and find clarity and meaning through self-expression. It would be awesome to increase happiness, manage emotions, reduce stress, and heal emotional pain. Create your inner peace by learning techniques that will help you be more present in your daily life.
Raise your hand if you lie in bed at night, replaying scenarios in your head, and wishing you had handled them differently. Maybe you’re going through something that no one else understands. Maybe it feels like the walls are closing in on you. At your pace, I will help you process emotions and find clarity and meaning through self-expression. It would be awesome to increase happiness, manage emotions, reduce stress, and heal emotional pain. Create your inner peace by learning techniques that will help you be more present in your daily life.
Nancy D Bourke
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Wauconda, IL 60084
Are you having difficulty setting and attaining goals? Feelings of anxiety, worry, sadness or anger?Finding and keeping meaningful relationships? Trying to cope and regain balance after a painful loss or trauma? Generally feeling like your life is being hijacked away from what it could be? If you can say yes to any of these, you may also be feeling alone with your challenges. Understand, you are not, many share these feelings and what these challenges all have in common; they are isolating and negatively life altering. For those who have struggled, a therapist can be an essential guide towards a happier, healthier life journey.
Are you having difficulty setting and attaining goals? Feelings of anxiety, worry, sadness or anger?Finding and keeping meaningful relationships? Trying to cope and regain balance after a painful loss or trauma? Generally feeling like your life is being hijacked away from what it could be? If you can say yes to any of these, you may also be feeling alone with your challenges. Understand, you are not, many share these feelings and what these challenges all have in common; they are isolating and negatively life altering. For those who have struggled, a therapist can be an essential guide towards a happier, healthier life journey.
More Therapists Nearby
Katie Papierniak
Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
Libertyville, IL 60048
The modalities of treatment that I utilize are CBT, DBT, Person-centered, Psychodynamic, and supportive.
Life is about relationships. It is within the safety of the therapeutic relationship that change and growth occurs. I utilize an authentic, easy-going and friendly approach to foster relationships to self and others. Individuals and families from 3 to 103 are warmly welcomed to work with me! Clients will be met where they are. I will work with you to collaboratively develop a tailor-made treatment plan that is as individual as you are. I draw on over 25 years of experience as a therapist to help guide you toward growth and resilience.
The modalities of treatment that I utilize are CBT, DBT, Person-centered, Psychodynamic, and supportive.
Life is about relationships. It is within the safety of the therapeutic relationship that change and growth occurs. I utilize an authentic, easy-going and friendly approach to foster relationships to self and others. Individuals and families from 3 to 103 are warmly welcomed to work with me! Clients will be met where they are. I will work with you to collaboratively develop a tailor-made treatment plan that is as individual as you are. I draw on over 25 years of experience as a therapist to help guide you toward growth and resilience.
Cindy Forster
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Barrington, IL 60010 (Online Only)
I have over 30 years experience providing outpatient therapy and providing integrated psychological services in a large area hospital system. I specialize in Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine. With an emphasis on behavioral health using supportive, cognitive-behavioral therapy, I see patients with anxiety, stress, depression, chronic pain and fibromyalgia, eating disorders, weight loss, smoking cessation, headaches, marital discord, family discord, issues of aging, grief and loss, the psychological aspects of cancer treatment, coping with medical conditions, and managing diabetes. I am also a DBT therapist.
I have over 30 years experience providing outpatient therapy and providing integrated psychological services in a large area hospital system. I specialize in Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine. With an emphasis on behavioral health using supportive, cognitive-behavioral therapy, I see patients with anxiety, stress, depression, chronic pain and fibromyalgia, eating disorders, weight loss, smoking cessation, headaches, marital discord, family discord, issues of aging, grief and loss, the psychological aspects of cancer treatment, coping with medical conditions, and managing diabetes. I am also a DBT therapist.
Stacia Crick-Brommel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Vernon Hills, IL 60061 (Online Only)
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 15 years of experience providing evidence-based therapy to adolescents, children, and adults. In my work, I explore ways to find the best therapy for each individual that will help him/her return to an emotional balance enabling more enjoyment in life and improving all interpersonal relationships. I do my best to practice the tenets of empathy and unconditional positive regard while using an eclectic approach that informs my therapy including Humanistic, Family Systems, CBT, DBT, Solutions Focused, schematic therapy, reality, and relational therapy.
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 15 years of experience providing evidence-based therapy to adolescents, children, and adults. In my work, I explore ways to find the best therapy for each individual that will help him/her return to an emotional balance enabling more enjoyment in life and improving all interpersonal relationships. I do my best to practice the tenets of empathy and unconditional positive regard while using an eclectic approach that informs my therapy including Humanistic, Family Systems, CBT, DBT, Solutions Focused, schematic therapy, reality, and relational therapy.
Nathan Cash
Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
Lake Zurich, IL 60047
I provide therapy services to individuals, couples and families using Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, Motivational Interviewing and Person-Centered Therapy.
Looking for a therapist can be challenging, especially if it's your first time seeing a therapist. My goal is to create a safe, comfortable place for you to address the concerns you have about your mental health. I have helped many people achieve their goals, to not only manage their mental health symptoms, but to live a happier life.
I provide therapy services to individuals, couples and families using Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, Motivational Interviewing and Person-Centered Therapy.
Looking for a therapist can be challenging, especially if it's your first time seeing a therapist. My goal is to create a safe, comfortable place for you to address the concerns you have about your mental health. I have helped many people achieve their goals, to not only manage their mental health symptoms, but to live a happier life.
Mindy Jackson
Counselor, LCPC, CRC
Verified Verified
Barrington, IL 60010
I utilize a number of evidenced- based techniques such as: CBT, solution focused therapy, mindfulness, and DBT.
I understand that making the decision to come to therapy can be a difficult choice. It's also a courageous one and I want to assure you that you are not alone. You may be facing many challenges in your life right now and may feel stuck looking for the answers. I believe that we all deserve the chance to discover the best version of ourselves. It's important to me to provide a safe space rooted in mutual respect, trust, and free of judgement and believe this is the key to the therapeutic alliance.
I utilize a number of evidenced- based techniques such as: CBT, solution focused therapy, mindfulness, and DBT.
I understand that making the decision to come to therapy can be a difficult choice. It's also a courageous one and I want to assure you that you are not alone. You may be facing many challenges in your life right now and may feel stuck looking for the answers. I believe that we all deserve the chance to discover the best version of ourselves. It's important to me to provide a safe space rooted in mutual respect, trust, and free of judgement and believe this is the key to the therapeutic alliance.
Lake County Counseling Center
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Grayslake, IL 60030
In therapy services, I draw from evidence-based techniques such as cognitive-behavioral therapy, mindfulness, and dialectical behavior therapy, as well as natural remedies, meditation/prayer, and muscle relaxation techniques to create a truly holistic approach.
Greetings! I'm Maritza Solis, a bicultural and bilingual clinical therapist who is passionate about holistic methods to heal people's mind, body, and spirit. Through my culture, I learned about the power of community, spirituality, and natural remedies to promote well-being. My philosophy of therapy is based on the belief that everyone has the ability to heal themselves, and my role is to facilitate that process by providing a safe, supportive, and non-judgmental space.
In therapy services, I draw from evidence-based techniques such as cognitive-behavioral therapy, mindfulness, and dialectical behavior therapy, as well as natural remedies, meditation/prayer, and muscle relaxation techniques to create a truly holistic approach.
Greetings! I'm Maritza Solis, a bicultural and bilingual clinical therapist who is passionate about holistic methods to heal people's mind, body, and spirit. Through my culture, I learned about the power of community, spirituality, and natural remedies to promote well-being. My philosophy of therapy is based on the belief that everyone has the ability to heal themselves, and my role is to facilitate that process by providing a safe, supportive, and non-judgmental space.
Jenn Dimer
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Libertyville, IL 60048
Jenn utilizes various evidenced-based approaches to care, such as person-centered, emotion-focused, attachment-based, mindfulness, acceptance and commitment ACT), exposure and response prevention (ERP), play, dialectical-behavioral (DBT), and cognitive-behavioral (CBT) techniques.
It can be difficult to ask for support, especially when you aren't sure how it all works. I will work with you to create a treatment plan that makes sense to you and meets your unique goals. Jenn values creating an authentic therapeutic relationship and creating space for vulnerability in treatment. Jenn believes that regardless of age, race, or gender identity, counseling can be a profound and meaningful experience for any person. Jenn strives to provide a judgment-free environment for her patients to explore their thoughts, feelings, and experiences. Jenn believes that authenticity, humor, and trust are essential.
Jenn utilizes various evidenced-based approaches to care, such as person-centered, emotion-focused, attachment-based, mindfulness, acceptance and commitment ACT), exposure and response prevention (ERP), play, dialectical-behavioral (DBT), and cognitive-behavioral (CBT) techniques.
It can be difficult to ask for support, especially when you aren't sure how it all works. I will work with you to create a treatment plan that makes sense to you and meets your unique goals. Jenn values creating an authentic therapeutic relationship and creating space for vulnerability in treatment. Jenn believes that regardless of age, race, or gender identity, counseling can be a profound and meaningful experience for any person. Jenn strives to provide a judgment-free environment for her patients to explore their thoughts, feelings, and experiences. Jenn believes that authenticity, humor, and trust are essential.
Rachel M. Menge
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, PMH-C
Verified Verified
Barrington, IL 60010
I am trained in and utilize multiple evidence-based therapy methods including CBT, DBT, ERP, and CPT.
Seeking out therapy when feeling overwhelmed or stuck is an act of courage. As a therapist with over 10 years of experience, I am committed to providing a safe space for clients to talk through their roadblocks, life transitions, and adverse experiences. I not only trust my clients are experts of their own lives, but also give them the opportunity to challenge deeply-held beliefs that may no longer help them in their present lives. My areas of expertise include anxiety, depression, pregnancy and postpartum, OCD, and trauma.
I am trained in and utilize multiple evidence-based therapy methods including CBT, DBT, ERP, and CPT.
Seeking out therapy when feeling overwhelmed or stuck is an act of courage. As a therapist with over 10 years of experience, I am committed to providing a safe space for clients to talk through their roadblocks, life transitions, and adverse experiences. I not only trust my clients are experts of their own lives, but also give them the opportunity to challenge deeply-held beliefs that may no longer help them in their present lives. My areas of expertise include anxiety, depression, pregnancy and postpartum, OCD, and trauma.
Sara Knauz
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Libertyville, IL 60048
Primarily CBT, I use methods of DBT, ACT, mindfulness, and expressive modalities, dependent on the needs of each unique individual.
Helping restore a sense of balance and self-worth to my client’s lives is my passion. My experience has spanned over 14 years, with a strong foundation in child and adolescent pathology. My philosophy is to work collaboratively in goal development and attainment, to highlight the connection among faulty thinking, feelings, and ineffective coping patterns and promote healthy changes. Through empowerment to challenge these factors, comes a renewed sense of confidence, strengths, and effective skills to manage life’s stressors and relationships.
Primarily CBT, I use methods of DBT, ACT, mindfulness, and expressive modalities, dependent on the needs of each unique individual.
Helping restore a sense of balance and self-worth to my client’s lives is my passion. My experience has spanned over 14 years, with a strong foundation in child and adolescent pathology. My philosophy is to work collaboratively in goal development and attainment, to highlight the connection among faulty thinking, feelings, and ineffective coping patterns and promote healthy changes. Through empowerment to challenge these factors, comes a renewed sense of confidence, strengths, and effective skills to manage life’s stressors and relationships.
Lisa M Gallagher
Counselor, MA, LCPC, CCTP, CTMH
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Buffalo Grove, IL 60089
I am experienced in CBT- cognitive behavioral therapy, DBT- dialectical behavior therapy, EMDR, Trauma and Solution Focused Therapy.
I am a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor with over 20 years’ experience working in the mental health field. I have experience working in a variety of settings including private practice, community counseling, in home services and acute hospitalization. These experiences have allowed me to gain the knowledge, techniques and approaches to help my clients get back to a comfortable place in life.
I am experienced in CBT- cognitive behavioral therapy, DBT- dialectical behavior therapy, EMDR, Trauma and Solution Focused Therapy.
I am a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor with over 20 years’ experience working in the mental health field. I have experience working in a variety of settings including private practice, community counseling, in home services and acute hospitalization. These experiences have allowed me to gain the knowledge, techniques and approaches to help my clients get back to a comfortable place in life.
Hope & Healing Psychotherapy, P.C.
Psychologist, PsyD, LCP
Verified Verified
Barrington, IL 60010
At Hope & Healing Psychotherapy, we are happy to offer in-depth psychotherapy for individuals, couples, and families across the lifespan. Not only do we provide empirically supported interventions such as CBT (Cognitive Behavioral Therapy) and DBT (Dialectical Behavioral Therapy), but we’re pleased to offer specialized treatment for trauma and sensory issues, such as the Safe and Sound Protocol (SSP) Neurolinguistic Programming (NLP), and EMDR. We support an integrative healing process that may include your spirituality, mindfulness, body work, yoga, nutrition, breath work, psychopharmacology, and connecting with the natural world.
At Hope & Healing Psychotherapy, we are happy to offer in-depth psychotherapy for individuals, couples, and families across the lifespan. Not only do we provide empirically supported interventions such as CBT (Cognitive Behavioral Therapy) and DBT (Dialectical Behavioral Therapy), but we’re pleased to offer specialized treatment for trauma and sensory issues, such as the Safe and Sound Protocol (SSP) Neurolinguistic Programming (NLP), and EMDR. We support an integrative healing process that may include your spirituality, mindfulness, body work, yoga, nutrition, breath work, psychopharmacology, and connecting with the natural world.
Juli Brown
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CDVP
Verified Verified
Lake Zurich, IL 60047
I work from an empowerment-based, trauma-informed, and strengths-based approach and I incorporate concepts from various modalities including Cognitive-Behavior Therapy (CBT), Mindfulness-Based Therapy, and Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT).
Hello! I am Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 12 years of clinical experience helping survivors of abuse and trauma learn to heal and thrive. I also help people who are currently in an abusive or unhealthy relationship, or who recently got out of one, and are having difficulty coping with anxiety, self-doubt, and sadness. Therapy can help you process your experience, learn healthier ways to engage in relationships, and begin living a life that is worthwhile and joyful. I provide a safe, empathetic, supportive environment for you to reconnect with your strength and resilience. You are not alone, and healing is possible.
I work from an empowerment-based, trauma-informed, and strengths-based approach and I incorporate concepts from various modalities including Cognitive-Behavior Therapy (CBT), Mindfulness-Based Therapy, and Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT).
Hello! I am Licensed Clinical Social Worker with over 12 years of clinical experience helping survivors of abuse and trauma learn to heal and thrive. I also help people who are currently in an abusive or unhealthy relationship, or who recently got out of one, and are having difficulty coping with anxiety, self-doubt, and sadness. Therapy can help you process your experience, learn healthier ways to engage in relationships, and begin living a life that is worthwhile and joyful. I provide a safe, empathetic, supportive environment for you to reconnect with your strength and resilience. You are not alone, and healing is possible.
Jessie Knoble
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Grayslake, IL 60030
I draw from modalities such as CBT and DBT from a strengths-based and trauma-informed perspective.
To my core, I believe each individual deserves to be heard, respected, and validated, regardless of their history. We each have the capability for and are deserving of peace and healing despite where we are at on our individual journeys. There will be times when we might feel unstoppable and other times when life will be most humbling. We cannot change where we came from. Each person’s story is uniquely personal, painful, and beautiful. But there is strength in picking up our metaphorical pens and learning to rewrite our stories.
I draw from modalities such as CBT and DBT from a strengths-based and trauma-informed perspective.
To my core, I believe each individual deserves to be heard, respected, and validated, regardless of their history. We each have the capability for and are deserving of peace and healing despite where we are at on our individual journeys. There will be times when we might feel unstoppable and other times when life will be most humbling. We cannot change where we came from. Each person’s story is uniquely personal, painful, and beautiful. But there is strength in picking up our metaphorical pens and learning to rewrite our stories.
Changing Phases
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Grayslake, IL 60030
I utilize various therapeutic orientations including CBT, DBT, Solutions Focused Therapy and others, however, I am most passionate about Experiential Therapy which allows rapid self-discovery and personal exploration while facilitating change.
My outlook on life is that we are all on a journey. Some people move faster than others. Some need a helping hand along the way; but we can all arrive to where we are going, where we want to be…every single one of us. I am here to help motivate when you lack motivation. I am here to listen when you feel unheard. I am here to push when you feel weak, or pull when you don’t feel strong enough. I’m also here to sit with you when you aren’t ready or feel unable to make a decision. I am here at your pace.
I utilize various therapeutic orientations including CBT, DBT, Solutions Focused Therapy and others, however, I am most passionate about Experiential Therapy which allows rapid self-discovery and personal exploration while facilitating change.
My outlook on life is that we are all on a journey. Some people move faster than others. Some need a helping hand along the way; but we can all arrive to where we are going, where we want to be…every single one of us. I am here to help motivate when you lack motivation. I am here to listen when you feel unheard. I am here to push when you feel weak, or pull when you don’t feel strong enough. I’m also here to sit with you when you aren’t ready or feel unable to make a decision. I am here at your pace.
Megan Moyer
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Libertyville, IL 60048
I utilize a mix of therapy approaches that are tailored to your needs and interests, including humanistic, person-centered, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), and art therapy.
I believe that we all have unique strengths and perspectives that are valuable and can serve as a foundation of growth and development. In therapy I help you to recognize and accept your strengths and see the positives in the areas you may see negatively. I take a strengths-based, integrative approach in therapy. I have worked with a wide range of ages, including children, teens, and adults on issues including depression, anxiety, self-esteem issues, grief, loss, anger, and trauma. I specialize in working with neurodivergent clients, including those with ADHD, Down syndrome, cognitive disabilities, and autism.
I utilize a mix of therapy approaches that are tailored to your needs and interests, including humanistic, person-centered, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), and art therapy.
I believe that we all have unique strengths and perspectives that are valuable and can serve as a foundation of growth and development. In therapy I help you to recognize and accept your strengths and see the positives in the areas you may see negatively. I take a strengths-based, integrative approach in therapy. I have worked with a wide range of ages, including children, teens, and adults on issues including depression, anxiety, self-esteem issues, grief, loss, anger, and trauma. I specialize in working with neurodivergent clients, including those with ADHD, Down syndrome, cognitive disabilities, and autism.
See more therapy options for Wauconda
Nearby Dialectical Behavior (DBT) Therapists Searches for Wauconda
- Barrington
- Cary
- Fox River Grove
- Grayslake
- Johnsburg
- Lake Zurich
- Long Grove
- McHenry
- Mundelein
- Round Lake
- South Barrington
- Vernon Hills
Dialectical Behavior (DBT) Therapists
Who is DBT for?
Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) is designed for people who experience extreme emotional suffering because they lack the skills of emotion regulation and distress tolerance. The basic affliction can underlie a wide range of conditions, from borderline and other personality disorders to PTSD and treatment-resistant anxiety and depression. The therapy is helpful to those whose emotional reactivity is so intense it is disruptive to everyday functioning and leads to frequent crises.
Why do people need DBT?
The ability to regulate emotions is a core psychological skill that enables people to function in life and pay attention to the world outside themselves; it is consistently associated with well-being. DBT is designed to help people learn how to manage and regulate their emotions. Originally developed to treat people with borderline personality disorder whose extreme emotional suffering led to self-harming behavior and suicide attempts, the therapy is now applied to other conditions involving emotion dysregulation, particularly when other treatments have failed.
What happens in DBT?
Individuals meet weekly with their therapist to discuss their experiences relating to moods, behavior, and skills. Using checklists they maintain, they review emotional experiences and positive practices they engage in. The diaries help individuals discern what led up to a specific problem encountered, this is followed by discussion of the consequences of their actions. In addition, individuals may meet in class-like small groups to learn skills such as mindfulness, emotion regulation and distress tolerance.
How long does DBT last?
Because it is intended to establish long-lasting behavioral change among those with persistent problems, DBT is designed to last six months to a year. DBT includes both weekly sessions of individual therapy and weekly skills-training sessions conducted in small groups. Studies of DBT have documented improvement within a year of treatment, particularly in controlling self-harmful behavior; nevertheless, individuals may require therapy for several years.