Therapists in Toronto, ON

View neighborhoods in Toronto
Photo of Tessenie Mowatt, Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying) in Toronto, ON
Tessenie Mowatt
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), MACP, BSc
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M6P  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I honour your bravery in reaching out for help in a capitalistic, ableist society that favours individualism. I am so excited for you to lean into the support of a therapeutic relationship. The foundational element to our work together is the therapeutic relationship where I center your individual experience with consideration for systemic, cultural, and political factors that influence our quality of life and relationships.
I honour your bravery in reaching out for help in a capitalistic, ableist society that favours individualism. I am so excited for you to lean into the support of a therapeutic relationship. The foundational element to our work together is the therapeutic relationship where I center your individual experience with consideration for systemic, cultural, and political factors that influence our quality of life and relationships.
(437) 747-5674 View (437) 747-5674
Photo of Darren Elliott, Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying) in Toronto, ON
Darren Elliott
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), BED, BBA, RPQ, CAPT, CRPO
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M4X
How you feel, matters. Therapy isn't for someone who has it worse than you, you owe it to yourself to reach for the support you need to thrive. You could be looking for support during a difficult time or recovery after a difficult ending or experience. You might have some confusion as to why things are going wrong in your relationships, which you hope to strengthen or repair or end. Perhaps the pandemic turned life upside-down and you are finding your balance again. Maybe you feel disconnected, alone or have suffered in a relationship with someone who does and are looking for a therapist who can understand what's happening.
How you feel, matters. Therapy isn't for someone who has it worse than you, you owe it to yourself to reach for the support you need to thrive. You could be looking for support during a difficult time or recovery after a difficult ending or experience. You might have some confusion as to why things are going wrong in your relationships, which you hope to strengthen or repair or end. Perhaps the pandemic turned life upside-down and you are finding your balance again. Maybe you feel disconnected, alone or have suffered in a relationship with someone who does and are looking for a therapist who can understand what's happening.
(437) 747-8654 View (437) 747-8654
Photo of Claire Molloy, Registered Social Worker in Toronto, ON
Claire Molloy
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
Toronto, ON M4L
For over 20 years, I have supported children, youth, and families from all walks of life to overcome many different challenges so that they can achieve their full potential and be happy human beings. Today, I work with adults, couples, and adolescents. I come from a place of genuine interest, curiosity, and respect in order to create a safe space for individuals to delve into their issues with courage and confidence. My approach is rooted in attachment theory that is trauma informed. I use different models of therapy including Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, Internal Family Systems, and Solutions Focused Brief Therapy.
For over 20 years, I have supported children, youth, and families from all walks of life to overcome many different challenges so that they can achieve their full potential and be happy human beings. Today, I work with adults, couples, and adolescents. I come from a place of genuine interest, curiosity, and respect in order to create a safe space for individuals to delve into their issues with courage and confidence. My approach is rooted in attachment theory that is trauma informed. I use different models of therapy including Cognitive Behavioural Therapy, Internal Family Systems, and Solutions Focused Brief Therapy.
(647) 370-9648 View (647) 370-9648
Photo of Work in Progress Mental Health Collective , Registered Psychotherapist in Toronto, ON
Work in Progress Mental Health Collective
Registered Psychotherapist, MA, RP, CCC
Verified Verified
Toronto, ON M6J
We are a diverse group of psychotherapists and social workers dedicated to anti-oppressive practice, community care and specialized support. We work with individual adults and children as well as relationships of all kinds. We know that life is challenging and in today’s fast paced, high pressure, and sometimes unforgiving society, burnout, fatigue, and lack of motivation can feel all too familiar. We know that sometimes the past can dictate the present and prevent us from taking steps toward meaningful change. No matter your challenge, our intake team can support you in finding the therapist that feels right to you.
We are a diverse group of psychotherapists and social workers dedicated to anti-oppressive practice, community care and specialized support. We work with individual adults and children as well as relationships of all kinds. We know that life is challenging and in today’s fast paced, high pressure, and sometimes unforgiving society, burnout, fatigue, and lack of motivation can feel all too familiar. We know that sometimes the past can dictate the present and prevent us from taking steps toward meaningful change. No matter your challenge, our intake team can support you in finding the therapist that feels right to you.
(437) 747-1991 View (437) 747-1991
Photo of Danielle Rovinski-Bannon, Registered Social Worker in Toronto, ON
Danielle Rovinski-Bannon
Registered Social Worker, BAH, MSW, LMSW, RSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M5R
I believe that you deserve a safe and confidential space where you can feel heard, understood, and respected. When undergoing a personal challenge, you may feel like the world is a dark place. Together, we will work at uncovering the root cause of the challenges you face. We will draw upon the strengths you have exhibited through past experiences, and acquire new skills in order to manage your emotions and enable you to reach your goals.
I believe that you deserve a safe and confidential space where you can feel heard, understood, and respected. When undergoing a personal challenge, you may feel like the world is a dark place. Together, we will work at uncovering the root cause of the challenges you face. We will draw upon the strengths you have exhibited through past experiences, and acquire new skills in order to manage your emotions and enable you to reach your goals.
(855) 590-4242 View (855) 590-4242
Photo of Taylor Loesekam, Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying) in Toronto, ON
Taylor Loesekam
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying)
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M5T  (Online Only)
When was the last time that you felt safe, heard, and connected to yourself and your desires? For many of us, pinpointing that last moment where we felt true connection can feel impossible. Past experiences, struggles with self-image, or the ongoing demands of life can all contribute to feeling disconnected from our inner sense of security, leaving us unsure about our next steps.
When was the last time that you felt safe, heard, and connected to yourself and your desires? For many of us, pinpointing that last moment where we felt true connection can feel impossible. Past experiences, struggles with self-image, or the ongoing demands of life can all contribute to feeling disconnected from our inner sense of security, leaving us unsure about our next steps.
(437) 800-2366 View (437) 800-2366
Photo of Niloufar Eshghi, Pre-Licensed Professional in Toronto, ON
Niloufar Eshghi
Pre-Licensed Professional, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M3C  (Online Only)
My approach to therapy is client-centered, empathic, and collaborative. I strive to build a strong and supportive therapeutic relationship with my clients. In my past clinical work, I have had the privilege to provide therapy and assessment to clients whose needs were often complex and multidimensional due to various biological, developmental, and social factors.
My approach to therapy is client-centered, empathic, and collaborative. I strive to build a strong and supportive therapeutic relationship with my clients. In my past clinical work, I have had the privilege to provide therapy and assessment to clients whose needs were often complex and multidimensional due to various biological, developmental, and social factors.
(647) 691-0339 View (647) 691-0339
Photo of Lyndsey Davies, Registered Social Worker in Toronto, ON
Lyndsey Davies
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
Toronto, ON M6R
I am a clinical Social Worker with over 20 years of experience. I have worked primarily with individuals who have been diagnosed with Borderline Personality Disorder and/or experience overwhelming painful emotions and who have learned to cope by self harming, substance use and other types of impulsive behaviours. I have extensive training in working with trauma and am a Certified Prolonged Exposure therapist and Consultant. Many of the clients I work with are looking for practical help to deal with the present day difficulties that arise as a result of past unresolved issues.
I am a clinical Social Worker with over 20 years of experience. I have worked primarily with individuals who have been diagnosed with Borderline Personality Disorder and/or experience overwhelming painful emotions and who have learned to cope by self harming, substance use and other types of impulsive behaviours. I have extensive training in working with trauma and am a Certified Prolonged Exposure therapist and Consultant. Many of the clients I work with are looking for practical help to deal with the present day difficulties that arise as a result of past unresolved issues.
(647) 249-8457 View (647) 249-8457
Photo of Khadhija Mujahid Baig, LPC Intern in Toronto, ON
Khadhija Mujahid Baig
LPC Intern
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M5V  (Online Only)
Khadhija is dedicated to helping adults navigate life’s challenges, burnout, substance use, and cross-cultural issues to enhance your mental well-being, self-confidence, and overall quality of life. Drawing from her experiences as a South-Asian Muslim woman navigating the Western world, she deeply understands the struggle of fitting into a society with ever-changing norms. Khadhija is committed to creating a non-judgmental therapeutic environment where you can feel safe.
Khadhija is dedicated to helping adults navigate life’s challenges, burnout, substance use, and cross-cultural issues to enhance your mental well-being, self-confidence, and overall quality of life. Drawing from her experiences as a South-Asian Muslim woman navigating the Western world, she deeply understands the struggle of fitting into a society with ever-changing norms. Khadhija is committed to creating a non-judgmental therapeutic environment where you can feel safe.
(437) 500-6120 View (437) 500-6120
Photo of Jennifer Ritchie, Registered Psychotherapist in Toronto, ON
Jennifer Ritchie
Registered Psychotherapist, MA, RP, CYW
Verified Verified
Toronto, ON M4E  (Online Only)
Effective April 22nd, I am welcoming new clients! With over 19 years experience, I work collaboratively with teens and pre-teens (9-18), adults, and families to find hope and regain balance. Perhaps you've suffered great loss or you're wanting more from your relationships. Maybe you're dealing with anxiety or you're re-evaluating your life and are on the brink of a major transition. Or you're worried about your teen and the direction they're headed. A lot of us get weighed down by one thing after another. Whatever it is, if you're feeling unsure or unsettled and you're seeking a greater sense of ease, allow me to support you.
Effective April 22nd, I am welcoming new clients! With over 19 years experience, I work collaboratively with teens and pre-teens (9-18), adults, and families to find hope and regain balance. Perhaps you've suffered great loss or you're wanting more from your relationships. Maybe you're dealing with anxiety or you're re-evaluating your life and are on the brink of a major transition. Or you're worried about your teen and the direction they're headed. A lot of us get weighed down by one thing after another. Whatever it is, if you're feeling unsure or unsettled and you're seeking a greater sense of ease, allow me to support you.
(416) 800-3146 View (416) 800-3146
Photo of Farah Sheikh, Registered Social Worker in Toronto, ON
Farah Sheikh
Registered Social Worker, BA, BSW, MSW, , RSW
Verified Verified
Toronto, ON M6G
Waitlist for new clients
As a social worker, psychotherapist and a child of South Asian immigrants, my practice is informed by a broad range of clinical, academic and cultural experiences. I am an individual and family therapist, specializing in working with children, teens and adults. My expertise is in emotional regulation, low self-esteem, anxiety, depression, trauma, grief and loss.
As a social worker, psychotherapist and a child of South Asian immigrants, my practice is informed by a broad range of clinical, academic and cultural experiences. I am an individual and family therapist, specializing in working with children, teens and adults. My expertise is in emotional regulation, low self-esteem, anxiety, depression, trauma, grief and loss.
View
Photo of Zack Dias, Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying) in Toronto, ON
Zack Dias
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), MACP, RP(Q)
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M6J  (Online Only)
I am a Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying) with YourTherapist Psychotherapy and Counselling Clinic. My experience includes years of advanced training in Counselling Psychology, Narrative Therapy and, providing trauma-informed interventions for clients with anxiety, depression, grief, addiction and trauma. I work collaboratively with clients, to examine the issues which have become obstacles in the path of living a content life in a compassionate and safe therapeutic environment for my clients.
I am a Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying) with YourTherapist Psychotherapy and Counselling Clinic. My experience includes years of advanced training in Counselling Psychology, Narrative Therapy and, providing trauma-informed interventions for clients with anxiety, depression, grief, addiction and trauma. I work collaboratively with clients, to examine the issues which have become obstacles in the path of living a content life in a compassionate and safe therapeutic environment for my clients.
View
Photo of Nadia MacDonald, Registered Psychotherapist in Toronto, ON
Nadia MacDonald
Registered Psychotherapist, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M4L  (Online Only)
Sometimes life is just achingly hard. Despite best efforts, the weight of our burdens can overwhelm us. When we're stuck in the dark, ways to move forward might feel impossible. Therapy is a safe haven to set down your cares, to explore what hurts, what's not working, and what you wish were different. It's a space where you're free to wonder, receive support, and discover personal strengths and possibilities. I work with both individual clients and couples, helping them move towards deeper self-understanding, resilience and ease in their lives.
Sometimes life is just achingly hard. Despite best efforts, the weight of our burdens can overwhelm us. When we're stuck in the dark, ways to move forward might feel impossible. Therapy is a safe haven to set down your cares, to explore what hurts, what's not working, and what you wish were different. It's a space where you're free to wonder, receive support, and discover personal strengths and possibilities. I work with both individual clients and couples, helping them move towards deeper self-understanding, resilience and ease in their lives.
View
Photo of Nancy Lipson, Registered Social Worker in Toronto, ON
Nancy Lipson
Registered Social Worker, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M2N  (Online Only)
Does your body feel "wrong" to you? Do you want a greater sense of peace and safety in your body? Are relationships challenging for you? You have done some reflection or been to therapy before, but something still seems to be missing. Maybe you learned successfully manage your eating disorder symptoms, anxiety etc, but continue to experience inner conflict. You continue to not feel at peace with yourself, you continue to not accept yourself.
Does your body feel "wrong" to you? Do you want a greater sense of peace and safety in your body? Are relationships challenging for you? You have done some reflection or been to therapy before, but something still seems to be missing. Maybe you learned successfully manage your eating disorder symptoms, anxiety etc, but continue to experience inner conflict. You continue to not feel at peace with yourself, you continue to not accept yourself.
(844) 332-2849 View (844) 332-2849
Photo of Kimberly Cartwright, Registered Psychotherapist in Toronto, ON
Kimberly Cartwright
Registered Psychotherapist
Verified Verified
Toronto, ON M5R  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
You feel off balance with your emotional, physical or spiritual health but find it hard to reach out. When you do try, you may feel like you're burdening others or the idea of opening up to someone you don't know might seem challenging. This is why trust is at the core of my practice because I recognize how hard it is to share or try something new. Together, we'll create a non-judgemental space so you can feel safe sharing your hopes, joys, fears and sorrows (and everything in-between).
You feel off balance with your emotional, physical or spiritual health but find it hard to reach out. When you do try, you may feel like you're burdening others or the idea of opening up to someone you don't know might seem challenging. This is why trust is at the core of my practice because I recognize how hard it is to share or try something new. Together, we'll create a non-judgemental space so you can feel safe sharing your hopes, joys, fears and sorrows (and everything in-between).
(647) 490-6881 View (647) 490-6881
Photo of Pamela Gilbert, Registered Psychotherapist in Toronto, ON
Pamela Gilbert
Registered Psychotherapist, BA, RP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M4P  (Online Only)
My clients are seeking to better understand themselves individually and in their relationships. They are looking for help with change – to navigate their relationships with greater ease, to shift their dependence on addictive behaviours, or to navigate their careers with greater confidence. They are interested in learning new skills for personal healing and growth, and they want to feel more empowered in their lives.
My clients are seeking to better understand themselves individually and in their relationships. They are looking for help with change – to navigate their relationships with greater ease, to shift their dependence on addictive behaviours, or to navigate their careers with greater confidence. They are interested in learning new skills for personal healing and growth, and they want to feel more empowered in their lives.
(437) 747-6338 View (437) 747-6338
Photo of Marc Colbourne, Registered Social Worker in Toronto, ON
Marc Colbourne
Registered Social Worker, BSW, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M4X
We all face difficult times in our lives. I believe, however, that we have the strength to meet these challenges head on, overcome our blocks, and ultimately benefit from these opportunities for growth. Of course, we may not always be able to see our way through these times on our own. A collaborative therapeutic relationship established in a safe and supportive environment can allow us to unlock the strength and resiliency we all carry within us.
We all face difficult times in our lives. I believe, however, that we have the strength to meet these challenges head on, overcome our blocks, and ultimately benefit from these opportunities for growth. Of course, we may not always be able to see our way through these times on our own. A collaborative therapeutic relationship established in a safe and supportive environment can allow us to unlock the strength and resiliency we all carry within us.
(416) 522-0445 View (416) 522-0445
Photo of Amanda Neves, Registered Social Worker in Toronto, ON
Amanda Neves
Registered Social Worker, BASc, MSW, RSW
Verified Verified
10 Endorsed
Toronto, ON M4K
Feeling secure within ourselves can feel amazing, but it’s not a given for everyone. Perhaps you find it difficult to trust others, or connecting in a meaningful, consistent way. You might be easily anxious, often uncertain and ruminating, frequently wondering how you’re being perceived. Or you find yourself distant, closed off, but wanting more. As a registered social worker for the past seven years, I have collaborated with young professionals as they navigate identity, mental wellbeing, work life, and relationships, so they can thrive with greater assurance, confidence and authenticity.
Feeling secure within ourselves can feel amazing, but it’s not a given for everyone. Perhaps you find it difficult to trust others, or connecting in a meaningful, consistent way. You might be easily anxious, often uncertain and ruminating, frequently wondering how you’re being perceived. Or you find yourself distant, closed off, but wanting more. As a registered social worker for the past seven years, I have collaborated with young professionals as they navigate identity, mental wellbeing, work life, and relationships, so they can thrive with greater assurance, confidence and authenticity.
(647) 490-7985 View (647) 490-7985
Photo of Nastaran Ali Azizi, Registered Psychotherapist in Toronto, ON
Nastaran Ali Azizi
Registered Psychotherapist, MSc, RP, EMDR
Verified Verified
Toronto, ON M2K
Are you repeatedly drawn into relationships with people who are cold to you? Do you feel that even people closet to you do not care or understand enough about you? Do you feel that you are at your core somehow defective, that no one who truly knows you could possibly love and accept you? Do you put the needs of others above your own, so your needs never get met and so you do not even know what your real needs are? Do you find that, regardless of how much social approval you receive you still feel unhappy, unfulfilled, or undeserving?Have you learned that manipulation and guilt are effective strategies for getting what you want?
Are you repeatedly drawn into relationships with people who are cold to you? Do you feel that even people closet to you do not care or understand enough about you? Do you feel that you are at your core somehow defective, that no one who truly knows you could possibly love and accept you? Do you put the needs of others above your own, so your needs never get met and so you do not even know what your real needs are? Do you find that, regardless of how much social approval you receive you still feel unhappy, unfulfilled, or undeserving?Have you learned that manipulation and guilt are effective strategies for getting what you want?
(289) 807-0889 View (289) 807-0889
Photo of Peter Han, Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying) in Toronto, ON
Peter Han
Registered Psychotherapist (Qualifying), MEd
Verified Verified
Toronto, ON M6G  (Online Only)
Therapy can provide us with a unique opportunity to honour the ways we've adapted to difficulties in the past, and, simultaneously, uncover new ways of responding to ourselves and our environment. As a queer, neurodivergent Korean clinician, my approach to therapy is built on fostering flexibility, balance, and intentionality. I will help you break out of the status quo and work with you toward your goals within a safe and collaborative process. My orientation to providing therapy is trauma-informed, culturally humble, and neurodiversity & 2SLGBTQ+ affirming.
Therapy can provide us with a unique opportunity to honour the ways we've adapted to difficulties in the past, and, simultaneously, uncover new ways of responding to ourselves and our environment. As a queer, neurodivergent Korean clinician, my approach to therapy is built on fostering flexibility, balance, and intentionality. I will help you break out of the status quo and work with you toward your goals within a safe and collaborative process. My orientation to providing therapy is trauma-informed, culturally humble, and neurodiversity & 2SLGBTQ+ affirming.
(365) 797-0086 View (365) 797-0086

See more therapy options for Toronto

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Toronto, ON

3,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Counsellors in Toronto, ON who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
87% Depression
84% Relationship Issues
84% Self Esteem
80% Stress
72% Coping Skills
69% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

62% Green Shield Canada
61% SunLife
57% Canada Life | Great-West Life

How Counsellors in Toronto, ON see their clients

51% In Person and Online
49% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
16% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Toronto?

Search for nearby therapists or counsellors by inputting your city, postal code, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postal code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Most Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are certified by one of the main professional associations, mainly the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association (CCPA), and will have a Certified Canadian Counsellor (CCC) designation with their name. Social Workers listed in the directory must be registered members of the college specific to their province. To be listed in the directory, Psychologists must be registered with the psychological college specific to their province or territory.

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given the considerable variation in professional regulation and prerequisites across Canadian provinces, some providers may possess significant professional qualifications without necessarily holding professional memberships or being obliged to acquire them. As a result, they may be selectively included without the "Verified" seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Psychologists, counsellors, psychotherapists and social workers can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and supervised, practical experience that enable them to do so in Canada.

Psychologists have a master's and/or doctoral degree and have passed both written and oral exams. Psychologists are able to complete mental health assessments and provide diagnostic information to clients as well as provide counselling therapy or psychotherapy. Counsellors and psychotherapists are expected to have a master's or doctoral degree in counselling psychology, social work, or a related mental health discipline and certification by a professional association, such as the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association. Registered Social Workers possess a Bachelor's or Master's degree in Social Work and where possible must be licensed or certified by the provincial government and/or regulatory college.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Canada could be between $100 and $200. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. Some types of outpatient mental health services are covered by Medicare, provided these are performed by a licensed mental health professional in the provinces or territory you reside in and who accepts the assignment.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postal code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Professionals licensed by regulatory colleges and those certified by associations such as the Canadian Counselling and Psychotherapy Association are obligated to uphold client confidentiality unless there is a legal reason that requires them to disclose information. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others, or a court order, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.