Therapists in Hoffman Estates, IL

Photo of Victoria Rosner, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Hoffman Estates, IL
Victoria Rosner
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Hoffman Estates, IL 60169  (Online Only)
Are you doing okay today? Whether you are or are not, I believe that therapy must be a "you-centered" experience where control over your quality of life is regained, maintained, and enhanced. I regularly tell my clients that I am a human first and a therapist second, which serves as a reminder that my priority is building a human connection with you. Empathy is the most important tool I bring. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) who believes in creating a compassionate, nurturing, and empathetic space where clients feel comfortable sharing their deepest thoughts, feelings, and life experiences.
Are you doing okay today? Whether you are or are not, I believe that therapy must be a "you-centered" experience where control over your quality of life is regained, maintained, and enhanced. I regularly tell my clients that I am a human first and a therapist second, which serves as a reminder that my priority is building a human connection with you. Empathy is the most important tool I bring. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) who believes in creating a compassionate, nurturing, and empathetic space where clients feel comfortable sharing their deepest thoughts, feelings, and life experiences.
(847) 457-0791 View (847) 457-0791
Photo of Rachela Ranaldi, Licensed Professional Counselor in Hoffman Estates, IL
Rachela Ranaldi
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Hoffman Estates, IL 60169
Therapy can often feel intimidating & taking the first step to growth takes a lot of strength. My goal is to guide you through the process of therapy with support, empathy, & the occasional cheesy joke. I create treatment plans that are flexible & individualized & allow for us to collaborate as a team to meet all of your therapeutic needs. I hope to develop a therapeutic relationship that allows you to feel comfortable delving into difficult topics while also allowing you the time & space to talk about the nuances of your day. I strive to help you develop the tools to combat those personal struggles & advocate for what you deserve.
Therapy can often feel intimidating & taking the first step to growth takes a lot of strength. My goal is to guide you through the process of therapy with support, empathy, & the occasional cheesy joke. I create treatment plans that are flexible & individualized & allow for us to collaborate as a team to meet all of your therapeutic needs. I hope to develop a therapeutic relationship that allows you to feel comfortable delving into difficult topics while also allowing you the time & space to talk about the nuances of your day. I strive to help you develop the tools to combat those personal struggles & advocate for what you deserve.
(847) 851-4129 View (847) 851-4129
Photo of Kristina Galuszka, Licensed Professional Counselor in Hoffman Estates, IL
Kristina Galuszka
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
Hoffman Estates, IL 60169  (Online Only)
My goal is to help individuals increase the knowledge of what may be going on and to bring a creative perspective on things. I enjoy putting a creative spin on techniques to help individuals find a way to relate to new skills that can be very helpful for them. I use my creative skills as much as possible to individualize treatment and how to relate to clients the best way that I can. I think outside of the box so that I can address the issues going on in the most effective way.
My goal is to help individuals increase the knowledge of what may be going on and to bring a creative perspective on things. I enjoy putting a creative spin on techniques to help individuals find a way to relate to new skills that can be very helpful for them. I use my creative skills as much as possible to individualize treatment and how to relate to clients the best way that I can. I think outside of the box so that I can address the issues going on in the most effective way.
(847) 320-0871 View (847) 320-0871
Photo of Riddhi Joshi, Psychologist in Hoffman Estates, IL
Riddhi Joshi
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Hoffman Estates, IL 60169  (Online Only)
Welcome! I specialize in working with individuals who are ready to invest in their well-being. My ideal client is someone who courageously shows up for themselves and is open to the therapeutic process. If you’re navigating emotional disturbances, interpersonal challenges, low self-esteem, or struggling with coping skills, you’ve come to the right place. Together, we’ll create a safe space where you can be heard, understood, and empowered. My approach is collaborative—we’ll explore healthy strategies to navigate life’s stressors, nurturing inner strength and personal development. Let’s embark on this transformative journey together.
Welcome! I specialize in working with individuals who are ready to invest in their well-being. My ideal client is someone who courageously shows up for themselves and is open to the therapeutic process. If you’re navigating emotional disturbances, interpersonal challenges, low self-esteem, or struggling with coping skills, you’ve come to the right place. Together, we’ll create a safe space where you can be heard, understood, and empowered. My approach is collaborative—we’ll explore healthy strategies to navigate life’s stressors, nurturing inner strength and personal development. Let’s embark on this transformative journey together.
(847) 307-7374 View (847) 307-7374
Photo of Valerie Ytzen, EMDR Therapist, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Hoffman Estates, IL
Valerie Ytzen, EMDR Therapist
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC, ATR, EMDR
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Hoffman Estates, IL 60169
Hi, I’m Valerie. I’m a therapist who helps people who have been stuck in a cycle of anxiety and trauma to heal from their past and build confidence. I specialize in working with people struggling with anxiety, feelings of inadequacy, the effects of trauma and betrayal trauma. I use an effective therapy called EMDR. This therapy can be especially helpful for clients who have tried other therapies in the past and continue to feel stuck despite having a good understanding of their past.
Hi, I’m Valerie. I’m a therapist who helps people who have been stuck in a cycle of anxiety and trauma to heal from their past and build confidence. I specialize in working with people struggling with anxiety, feelings of inadequacy, the effects of trauma and betrayal trauma. I use an effective therapy called EMDR. This therapy can be especially helpful for clients who have tried other therapies in the past and continue to feel stuck despite having a good understanding of their past.
(847) 750-4652 View (847) 750-4652
Photo of Khoa Ngo, Counselor in Hoffman Estates, IL
Khoa Ngo
Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
Hoffman Estates, IL 60169
It feels like people are always judging you or maybe you judge yourself. Either way, most of the time it feels like you could be doing something better or that you are not enough. Most adults come to therapy with low self-esteem and a combination of depression and anxiety. I create a space where adults can feel safe at opening up freely about difficult emotions, negative thoughts, and problematic behaviors. Together, we explore what is standing in the way of you meeting your goals, why you are doing what you’re doing, and then try different ways to address your problems.
It feels like people are always judging you or maybe you judge yourself. Either way, most of the time it feels like you could be doing something better or that you are not enough. Most adults come to therapy with low self-esteem and a combination of depression and anxiety. I create a space where adults can feel safe at opening up freely about difficult emotions, negative thoughts, and problematic behaviors. Together, we explore what is standing in the way of you meeting your goals, why you are doing what you’re doing, and then try different ways to address your problems.
(847) 443-1409 View (847) 443-1409
Photo of Steve Eisenberg, Counselor in Hoffman Estates, IL
Steve Eisenberg
Counselor, MS, LCPC
Verified Verified
Hoffman Estates, IL 60169
Easy to talk to, I've been providing sex therapy for over thirty-five years, having extensive training from the Loyola Univ. Med. School, Sexual Dysfunction Clinic. Occasionally, I work with a co-therapist, with similar training & experience, my wife of many years. Together, we are an extremely dynamic & effective team. I have trained graduate students in sex therapy for over twenty years & have a long standing commitment to this area of counseling & therapy. For more information, please see our website: http://www.EisenbergCounseling.com.
Easy to talk to, I've been providing sex therapy for over thirty-five years, having extensive training from the Loyola Univ. Med. School, Sexual Dysfunction Clinic. Occasionally, I work with a co-therapist, with similar training & experience, my wife of many years. Together, we are an extremely dynamic & effective team. I have trained graduate students in sex therapy for over twenty years & have a long standing commitment to this area of counseling & therapy. For more information, please see our website: http://www.EisenbergCounseling.com.
(847) 885-7790 View (847) 885-7790
Photo of Judith Hammond Sperling, Drug & Alcohol Counselor in Hoffman Estates, IL
Judith Hammond Sperling
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, MS, ICADC, BRI, CSAT
Verified Verified
Hoffman Estates, IL 60192
Judy Sperling is a Masters level Interventionist and founder of Interventions International.. Judy has 20 years of experience treating adults, adolescents and families suffering with addiction issues. She is experienced in conducting interventions and treating the whole family. Judy has completed Module 3 of CSAT Training and is educated in working with the trauma associated.
Judy Sperling is a Masters level Interventionist and founder of Interventions International.. Judy has 20 years of experience treating adults, adolescents and families suffering with addiction issues. She is experienced in conducting interventions and treating the whole family. Judy has completed Module 3 of CSAT Training and is educated in working with the trauma associated.
(941) 357-4042 View (941) 357-4042
Photo of Shimon Gendelman, Licensed Professional Counselor in Hoffman Estates, IL
Shimon Gendelman
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Hoffman Estates, IL 60169
If you are reading this, you may be exploring options to relieve some stress or tackle some of life’s challenges. I am here to support you with whatever it is you are experiencing. I am committed to helping you walk away from each session with support, care, empathic unconditional understanding, and of course a tablespoon of chuckles as well. I have had experience in multiple settings treating a wide range of issues using evidenced based practice and I can support you as well. Make that phone call you won’t regret.
If you are reading this, you may be exploring options to relieve some stress or tackle some of life’s challenges. I am here to support you with whatever it is you are experiencing. I am committed to helping you walk away from each session with support, care, empathic unconditional understanding, and of course a tablespoon of chuckles as well. I have had experience in multiple settings treating a wide range of issues using evidenced based practice and I can support you as well. Make that phone call you won’t regret.
(847) 610-6991 View (847) 610-6991
Photo of Jeff Kalas, Licensed Professional Counselor in Hoffman Estates, IL
Jeff Kalas
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Hoffman Estates, IL 60169
As a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) with 17 years of experience, I have dedicated my career to helping individuals overcome challenges related to ADHD, anxiety, interpersonal struggles, and other mental health concerns. Through a cognitive-behavioral approach, I utilize evidence-based techniques to help my clients identify and modify negative thinking patterns and behaviors that may be impacting their quality of life. My goal as a counselor is to provide a safe, supportive, and nonjudgmental environment where individuals can feel empowered to explore their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.
As a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) with 17 years of experience, I have dedicated my career to helping individuals overcome challenges related to ADHD, anxiety, interpersonal struggles, and other mental health concerns. Through a cognitive-behavioral approach, I utilize evidence-based techniques to help my clients identify and modify negative thinking patterns and behaviors that may be impacting their quality of life. My goal as a counselor is to provide a safe, supportive, and nonjudgmental environment where individuals can feel empowered to explore their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.
(847) 503-9642 View (847) 503-9642
Photo of Erin Taylor, Counselor in Hoffman Estates, IL
Erin Taylor
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Hoffman Estates, IL 60169  (Online Only)
Erin Taylor is a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor (LCPC) in the state of Illinois who has 16 years of experience partnering with adults and children seeking help with depression, anxiety, life transitions, family and women’s issues, trauma, grief, and relationship issues both in Illinois and Arizona. Erin completed her Bachelor of Arts in Psychology from Eastern Illinois University and received her Master of Arts in Professional Counseling from Argosy University in Illinois, and Mental Health Counseling from Argosy University in Arizona.
Erin Taylor is a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor (LCPC) in the state of Illinois who has 16 years of experience partnering with adults and children seeking help with depression, anxiety, life transitions, family and women’s issues, trauma, grief, and relationship issues both in Illinois and Arizona. Erin completed her Bachelor of Arts in Psychology from Eastern Illinois University and received her Master of Arts in Professional Counseling from Argosy University in Illinois, and Mental Health Counseling from Argosy University in Arizona.
(847) 499-1664 View (847) 499-1664
Photo of Mothergood Health, Psychologist in Hoffman Estates, IL
Mothergood Health
Psychologist
Verified Verified
Hoffman Estates, IL 60192
Mothergood Health specializes in helping new and expectant moms to overcome the challenges that can come with becoming a new parent. We understand that the transition to motherhood can be an incredibly challenging and overwhelming time That's why we're here to provide expert care and support for those struggling with postpartum depression and perinatal anxiety.
Mothergood Health specializes in helping new and expectant moms to overcome the challenges that can come with becoming a new parent. We understand that the transition to motherhood can be an incredibly challenging and overwhelming time That's why we're here to provide expert care and support for those struggling with postpartum depression and perinatal anxiety.
(224) 507-1833 View (224) 507-1833
Photo of A Better You Counseling Pllc, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Hoffman Estates, IL
A Better You Counseling Pllc
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Hoffman Estates, IL 60169
It is often difficult to ask for help in the face of life's challenges. People attend therapy for a variety of reasons such as; trauma, struggling with anxiety, depression or a life altering event. Ultimately, we want to feel better and live more-productive lives. Therapy is a collaborative endeavor which takes place in a warm, open and non-judgmental environment. My role is to help clients gain a deeper understanding of themselves, what motivates their behaviors and how they can bring about change.
It is often difficult to ask for help in the face of life's challenges. People attend therapy for a variety of reasons such as; trauma, struggling with anxiety, depression or a life altering event. Ultimately, we want to feel better and live more-productive lives. Therapy is a collaborative endeavor which takes place in a warm, open and non-judgmental environment. My role is to help clients gain a deeper understanding of themselves, what motivates their behaviors and how they can bring about change.
(773) 945-6819 View (773) 945-6819
Photo of Amy Marshman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Hoffman Estates, IL
Amy Marshman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Hoffman Estates, IL 60169
Amy Marshman is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with more than 18 years of experience. She is passionate about all aspects of her clinical work with children, families, adolescents, and adults. In her work, Amy works closely with her clients to work together to address challenges and move to the path of healing and change they desire.
Amy Marshman is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with more than 18 years of experience. She is passionate about all aspects of her clinical work with children, families, adolescents, and adults. In her work, Amy works closely with her clients to work together to address challenges and move to the path of healing and change they desire.
(708) 729-6743 View (708) 729-6743
Photo of Kay Nohelty, Licensed Professional Counselor in Hoffman Estates, IL
Kay Nohelty
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Hoffman Estates, IL 60169
If you have found yourself feeling disconnected from yourself, those around you, or the parts of your world that used to bring you joy, it can feel hopeless when that connection doesn't return on it's own. Maybe you've just experienced trauma, feel stuck in your life, burnt out, or lost. You're not alone; finding the right therapist to support you in your journey back to your authentic self is the first step.
If you have found yourself feeling disconnected from yourself, those around you, or the parts of your world that used to bring you joy, it can feel hopeless when that connection doesn't return on it's own. Maybe you've just experienced trauma, feel stuck in your life, burnt out, or lost. You're not alone; finding the right therapist to support you in your journey back to your authentic self is the first step.
(708) 726-0259 View (708) 726-0259
Photo of Valerie Lucas, Psychologist in Hoffman Estates, IL
Valerie Lucas
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Hoffman Estates, IL 60169
Valerie Lucas is a licensed clinical psychologist who works with adults with a variety of presenting issues. Dr. Lucas works with adults addressing depression, anxiety, other mood disorders, relationship issues, eating disorders, behavioral weight management, and increasing general coping strategies. Her theoretical orientation is cognitive behavioral, utilizing DBT strategies and techniques, and solution-focused feedback. She approaches therapy as a process to help clients recognize and build on strengths and collaboratively developing and working on goals to decrease psychological distress.
Valerie Lucas is a licensed clinical psychologist who works with adults with a variety of presenting issues. Dr. Lucas works with adults addressing depression, anxiety, other mood disorders, relationship issues, eating disorders, behavioral weight management, and increasing general coping strategies. Her theoretical orientation is cognitive behavioral, utilizing DBT strategies and techniques, and solution-focused feedback. She approaches therapy as a process to help clients recognize and build on strengths and collaboratively developing and working on goals to decrease psychological distress.
(872) 239-3206 View (872) 239-3206
Photo of Annette Spiezio, Counselor in Hoffman Estates, IL
Annette Spiezio
Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
Hoffman Estates, IL 60192
Annette has been speaking, consulting and educating in the realms of Psychology for over 20 years. She is a licensed clinical professional counselor (LCPC)). Annette holds two Master Degrees from Loyola University Chicago, in Pastoral Studies and Counseling. Annette is trained in the Enneagram System and in Internal Family Systems. She spent nine years in pastoral ministry in both parish and university settings, and has worked in the mental health field within community mental health, hospital and private practice settings for more than 25 years.
Annette has been speaking, consulting and educating in the realms of Psychology for over 20 years. She is a licensed clinical professional counselor (LCPC)). Annette holds two Master Degrees from Loyola University Chicago, in Pastoral Studies and Counseling. Annette is trained in the Enneagram System and in Internal Family Systems. She spent nine years in pastoral ministry in both parish and university settings, and has worked in the mental health field within community mental health, hospital and private practice settings for more than 25 years.
(708) 866-0715 View (708) 866-0715
Photo of Theresa Ewing, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Hoffman Estates, IL
Theresa Ewing
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Hoffman Estates, IL 60169
When in the midst of the storm; anxiety, relationship challenges, parenting struggles, perinatal mental health, or medical concerns, connecting with a counselor could be the tool that you need to find hope and skills to get through it. My passion is to get to know you, your thoughts and stress in order to partner with you so you are not alone and establish coping skills, goals and work toward what you long for.
When in the midst of the storm; anxiety, relationship challenges, parenting struggles, perinatal mental health, or medical concerns, connecting with a counselor could be the tool that you need to find hope and skills to get through it. My passion is to get to know you, your thoughts and stress in order to partner with you so you are not alone and establish coping skills, goals and work toward what you long for.
(815) 355-6490 View (815) 355-6490
Photo of Tracy Olender, Counselor in Hoffman Estates, IL
Tracy Olender
Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
Hoffman Estates, IL 60169
I believe that everyone is capable of feeling better and overcoming their struggles as long as they find a positive mindset and believe in themselves. I provide an environment where you are free to explore your concerns without any judgement. It is important for me to develop a good rapport with my clients because it is the foundation for successful treatment. Developing a workable treatment plan with my clients helps guide the focus of our sessions and gives you a sense of accomplishment.
I believe that everyone is capable of feeling better and overcoming their struggles as long as they find a positive mindset and believe in themselves. I provide an environment where you are free to explore your concerns without any judgement. It is important for me to develop a good rapport with my clients because it is the foundation for successful treatment. Developing a workable treatment plan with my clients helps guide the focus of our sessions and gives you a sense of accomplishment.
(872) 241-1095 View (872) 241-1095
Photo of Rooted Hope Counseling, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Hoffman Estates, IL
Rooted Hope Counseling
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Hoffman Estates, IL 60169
Rooted Hope Counseling is owned by Kirsten Edwards, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with 18+ years of clinical experience in schools, at a large Christian agency, and in private practice. Kirsten loves helping women and girls see their immense worth and helping all kids and families who are struggling and may feel anxious, stressed, and worn down. She loves finding fun and engaging ways to connect with children and supporting parents to problem-solve challenges. Kirsten also enjoys walking alongside clients who would like to explore issues of faith, and she offers Christian counseling for those who are interested.
Rooted Hope Counseling is owned by Kirsten Edwards, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker with 18+ years of clinical experience in schools, at a large Christian agency, and in private practice. Kirsten loves helping women and girls see their immense worth and helping all kids and families who are struggling and may feel anxious, stressed, and worn down. She loves finding fun and engaging ways to connect with children and supporting parents to problem-solve challenges. Kirsten also enjoys walking alongside clients who would like to explore issues of faith, and she offers Christian counseling for those who are interested.
(847) 584-1631 View (847) 584-1631

See more therapy options for Hoffman Estates

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Hoffman Estates, IL

100+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Hoffman Estates, IL who prioritize treating:

97% Anxiety
88% Depression
72% Self Esteem
69% Relationship Issues
69% Trauma and PTSD
67% Coping Skills
67% Stress

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

98% BlueCross and BlueShield
70% Aetna
64% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Hoffman Estates, IL see their clients

85% In Person and Online
15% Online Only

Gender breakdown

74% Female
25% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Hoffman Estates?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.