Therapists in Providence, RI

View neighborhoods in Providence
Photo of Alexandra Childs Smith, Psychologist in Providence, RI
Alexandra Childs Smith
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Providence, RI 02906
Not accepting new clients
Over the years, I have worked with every imaginable person and problem. With this experience, I have become increasingly convinced that without building a deep sense of trust, nothing can truly change. I am always striving to create the necessary emotional conditions to allow someone to freely explore their own lives. While I bring specific skills to the sessions, real change must always arise from within.
Over the years, I have worked with every imaginable person and problem. With this experience, I have become increasingly convinced that without building a deep sense of trust, nothing can truly change. I am always striving to create the necessary emotional conditions to allow someone to freely explore their own lives. While I bring specific skills to the sessions, real change must always arise from within.
(401) 205-8313 View (401) 205-8313
Photo of Shera D Baker, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Providence, RI
Shera D Baker
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Providence, RI 02903  (Online Only)
**Accepting new appointments** I am a Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker who has a great deal of experience in psychotherapy. If you are struggling with anxiety, grief, life changes or adjustment issues, counseling can help you make changes in your life and/or cope with stressors in a way you are happier and more productive. I specialize in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Motivational Interviewing, Solution Focused Therapy and Crisis Intervention to help you conquer your self defeating thought patterns ultimately helping to empower yourself to develop new, more helpful/healthy thoughts and behaviors.
**Accepting new appointments** I am a Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker who has a great deal of experience in psychotherapy. If you are struggling with anxiety, grief, life changes or adjustment issues, counseling can help you make changes in your life and/or cope with stressors in a way you are happier and more productive. I specialize in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Motivational Interviewing, Solution Focused Therapy and Crisis Intervention to help you conquer your self defeating thought patterns ultimately helping to empower yourself to develop new, more helpful/healthy thoughts and behaviors.
(401) 298-9613 View (401) 298-9613
Photo of Sean Manchester, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Providence, RI
Sean Manchester
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, M, Div
Verified Verified
Providence, RI 02908
Not accepting new clients
We all get stuck sometimes. We can find ourselves caught in intense and confusing emotions, and aren't sure how to handle them. Although these feelings can be painful, the truth is that there are stories connected to them, and telling our stories, in time, can produce remarkable change. I offer a calm, supportive setting that allows you to be heard, share your feelings and experiences, and discover new options to live a happier, more balanced life.
We all get stuck sometimes. We can find ourselves caught in intense and confusing emotions, and aren't sure how to handle them. Although these feelings can be painful, the truth is that there are stories connected to them, and telling our stories, in time, can produce remarkable change. I offer a calm, supportive setting that allows you to be heard, share your feelings and experiences, and discover new options to live a happier, more balanced life.
(401) 285-1923 View (401) 285-1923
Photo of El Sher, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Providence, RI
El Sher
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MFA, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Providence, RI 02906
Waitlist for new clients
A non-judgmental environment where you can explore your real feelings can make a world of difference and help you find solutions that are right for you. If you are feeling depressed, anxious, irritable, or overwhelmed; are unhappy and don't know why; if you keep having the same pattern of problems at work or in your relationships; or if you simply want more out of life, therapy can help you achieve change in unexpected ways. Change can come through understanding how childhood shaped your experience of self and others. We collaborate to help you grow at your own pace.
A non-judgmental environment where you can explore your real feelings can make a world of difference and help you find solutions that are right for you. If you are feeling depressed, anxious, irritable, or overwhelmed; are unhappy and don't know why; if you keep having the same pattern of problems at work or in your relationships; or if you simply want more out of life, therapy can help you achieve change in unexpected ways. Change can come through understanding how childhood shaped your experience of self and others. We collaborate to help you grow at your own pace.
(401) 680-1022 View (401) 680-1022
Photo of Jacqueline Meszaros, Counselor in Providence, RI
Jacqueline Meszaros
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Providence, RI 02906
Not accepting new clients
Sometimes life presents us with challenges that are too overwhelming to navigate on our own. This is when therapy may be helpful. In my therapeutic practice I strive to provide my clients with a safe and supportive environment in which the individual may explore the difficulties and challenges confronting them.
Sometimes life presents us with challenges that are too overwhelming to navigate on our own. This is when therapy may be helpful. In my therapeutic practice I strive to provide my clients with a safe and supportive environment in which the individual may explore the difficulties and challenges confronting them.
(401) 352-5101 View (401) 352-5101
Photo of Jill MacCormack, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Providence, RI
Jill MacCormack
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Providence, RI 02906  (Online Only)
**I am licensed to provide therapy in RI & MA** I don't believe that therapy has to look or feel like therapy as it is often represented. Together we can approach life's challenges in an intentional, action oriented, person centered and thoughtful way, in order to help break and change the patterns that have too often rendered you "stuck." To assist in making these changes, I provide the direct and honest guidance and feedback that is absolutely necessary to any successful therapy, while fostering an environment where you feel able to take the risks to grow, adjust, and adapt. My guiding principle is that change is always possible.
**I am licensed to provide therapy in RI & MA** I don't believe that therapy has to look or feel like therapy as it is often represented. Together we can approach life's challenges in an intentional, action oriented, person centered and thoughtful way, in order to help break and change the patterns that have too often rendered you "stuck." To assist in making these changes, I provide the direct and honest guidance and feedback that is absolutely necessary to any successful therapy, while fostering an environment where you feel able to take the risks to grow, adjust, and adapt. My guiding principle is that change is always possible.
(401) 491-3205 View (401) 491-3205
Photo of Victoria Shaughnessy, Pre-Licensed Professional in Providence, RI
Victoria Shaughnessy
Pre-Licensed Professional, LMHC-A
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Providence, RI 02906
Victoria is a masters level, prelicensed therapist in Rhode Island. She works with adolescents, college students and adults. She enjoys helping clients who are navigating transitions, caregiving, chronic illness, relationship issues, anxiety, ADHD, and those who have experienced trauma.
Victoria is a masters level, prelicensed therapist in Rhode Island. She works with adolescents, college students and adults. She enjoys helping clients who are navigating transitions, caregiving, chronic illness, relationship issues, anxiety, ADHD, and those who have experienced trauma.
(401) 682-7442 View (401) 682-7442
Photo of Elizabeth Ann White, Counselor in Providence, RI
Elizabeth Ann White
Counselor, M'Ed, LMHC
Verified Verified
Providence, RI 02906
Not accepting new clients
Hello, I'm Elizabeth White, a Licensed Mental Health Counselor (LMHC) dedicated to guiding you on your journey towards inner well-being. With over twenty years experience in practice, I have cultivated a deep understanding of the human experience and the challenges we face. My specialization lies in supporting individuals dealing with trauma and anxiety disorders, providing a safe haven for healing and growth.
Hello, I'm Elizabeth White, a Licensed Mental Health Counselor (LMHC) dedicated to guiding you on your journey towards inner well-being. With over twenty years experience in practice, I have cultivated a deep understanding of the human experience and the challenges we face. My specialization lies in supporting individuals dealing with trauma and anxiety disorders, providing a safe haven for healing and growth.
(401) 307-5541 View (401) 307-5541
Photo of Kristina Leite, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Providence, RI
Kristina Leite
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Providence, RI 02906
I enjoy working with adolescents and young adults. I have experience working with individuals to overcome various mental health challenges such as depression, anxiety, issues with self-esteem, trauma and life changes. I listen closely to the needs of my clients to choose a treatment approach that is most helpful and appropriate for them. In collaboration, we will utilize various modalities and techniques such as cognitive restructuring, mindfulness practices, conflict management and others to help reach your personal goal - whatever that may be.
I enjoy working with adolescents and young adults. I have experience working with individuals to overcome various mental health challenges such as depression, anxiety, issues with self-esteem, trauma and life changes. I listen closely to the needs of my clients to choose a treatment approach that is most helpful and appropriate for them. In collaboration, we will utilize various modalities and techniques such as cognitive restructuring, mindfulness practices, conflict management and others to help reach your personal goal - whatever that may be.
(401) 561-2858 View (401) 561-2858
Photo of Shaelyn Cataldo, Pre-Licensed Professional in Providence, RI
Shaelyn Cataldo
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, CAGS
Verified Verified
Providence, RI 02903
Life is heavy right now and you don't have to carry it all alone. At the heart of my work is the belief that your relationship to yourself serves as the foundation for meaningful and intimate connection with others and the world around you. Using a holistic approach we'll explore the barriers that keep you from the life you truly desire and deserve.
Life is heavy right now and you don't have to carry it all alone. At the heart of my work is the belief that your relationship to yourself serves as the foundation for meaningful and intimate connection with others and the world around you. Using a holistic approach we'll explore the barriers that keep you from the life you truly desire and deserve.
(401) 227-3460 View (401) 227-3460
Photo of Dr. Alejandro Leguízamo, Psychologist in Providence, RI
Dr. Alejandro Leguízamo
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Providence, RI 02906
My goal for treatment is to help clients develop or strengthen their skills needed to lead a good life. I have extensive experience working with hard-to-reach adolescents and adults, forging strong connections with them, and creating a supportive environment where they can explore and address difficult issues. I also have extensive experience working with college students and can assist with issues related to adaptation, career choice, dating, and relationships. I do not take insurance, but can provide you with statements so you can seek reimbursement up to what your insurance pays (which varies by insurance).
My goal for treatment is to help clients develop or strengthen their skills needed to lead a good life. I have extensive experience working with hard-to-reach adolescents and adults, forging strong connections with them, and creating a supportive environment where they can explore and address difficult issues. I also have extensive experience working with college students and can assist with issues related to adaptation, career choice, dating, and relationships. I do not take insurance, but can provide you with statements so you can seek reimbursement up to what your insurance pays (which varies by insurance).
(401) 566-8938 View (401) 566-8938
Photo of Gabrielle J Dworkin, Counselor in Providence, RI
Gabrielle J Dworkin
Counselor, MEd, LMHC, RPT, GC-C
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Providence, RI 02904
A little bit about me... I am a Registered Play Therapist, Licensed Mental Health Counselor in RI/MA, Certified Grief Counselor and recently became certified as a Facilitator of the Broken Bowl Technique. I attended the Expressive Arts Institute at Salve Regina University. I am a former Board Member of the New England Association for Play Therapy. I see clients ages 2-12 individually, but do involve family members. I am in the office weekdays. I am NOT accepting any court involved cases requiring contact with: lawyers/GAL/DCYF/and court letters, as well as those that require a higher level of care due to safety issues.
A little bit about me... I am a Registered Play Therapist, Licensed Mental Health Counselor in RI/MA, Certified Grief Counselor and recently became certified as a Facilitator of the Broken Bowl Technique. I attended the Expressive Arts Institute at Salve Regina University. I am a former Board Member of the New England Association for Play Therapy. I see clients ages 2-12 individually, but do involve family members. I am in the office weekdays. I am NOT accepting any court involved cases requiring contact with: lawyers/GAL/DCYF/and court letters, as well as those that require a higher level of care due to safety issues.
(401) 331-1244 View (401) 331-1244
Photo of Karla Davila Cruz, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Providence, RI
Karla Davila Cruz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Providence, RI 02903  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Karla Davila, is a Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker (LICSW), with an area of focus in supporting the empowerment of adults navigating the complexities of ADHD, anxiety, depression, and chronic illnesses. At the heart of her practice lies a deep-seated belief in harnessing the inherent strengths of her clients. Karla's method isn't just about addressing challenges—it's about recognizing and building on the unique capabilities and resources each client brings to the table.
Karla Davila, is a Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker (LICSW), with an area of focus in supporting the empowerment of adults navigating the complexities of ADHD, anxiety, depression, and chronic illnesses. At the heart of her practice lies a deep-seated belief in harnessing the inherent strengths of her clients. Karla's method isn't just about addressing challenges—it's about recognizing and building on the unique capabilities and resources each client brings to the table.
Photo of Lucas Leslie, Counselor in Providence, RI
Lucas Leslie
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Providence, RI 02906
Lucas Leslie is a Licensed Mental Health Counselor in Rhode Island who has been practicing since 2020. He has earned a Masters of Science Degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling. Lucas helps clients through working together to gently explore current patterns of thinking/acting, how these may have helped in the past, and how to live a life more fully aligned with their values and goals. With him, you will practice: coping with stress, creating new behavioral routines, identifying harmful thought patterns, and increasing emotional awareness.
Lucas Leslie is a Licensed Mental Health Counselor in Rhode Island who has been practicing since 2020. He has earned a Masters of Science Degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling. Lucas helps clients through working together to gently explore current patterns of thinking/acting, how these may have helped in the past, and how to live a life more fully aligned with their values and goals. With him, you will practice: coping with stress, creating new behavioral routines, identifying harmful thought patterns, and increasing emotional awareness.
(401) 232-8863 View (401) 232-8863
Photo of Keith A Marks, Counselor in Providence, RI
Keith A Marks
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Providence, RI 02906
Not accepting new clients
I am not able to take on new client's at this time, I will update this when I have more openings. I do well with client's seeking a relationship that has the potential to help you understand yourself better. Therapy can be a safe place for you to get honest and work towards better mental health. With the hope to help you identify your barriers towards emotional growth, and better understand how your past has impacted your present. This is done with a strong focus on self compassion and grace.
I am not able to take on new client's at this time, I will update this when I have more openings. I do well with client's seeking a relationship that has the potential to help you understand yourself better. Therapy can be a safe place for you to get honest and work towards better mental health. With the hope to help you identify your barriers towards emotional growth, and better understand how your past has impacted your present. This is done with a strong focus on self compassion and grace.
(401) 283-7950 View (401) 283-7950
Photo of Reem Koinis, Counselor in Providence, RI
Reem Koinis
Counselor, MA, MHC, LCMHC, LCPC
Verified Verified
Providence, RI 02901  (Online Only)
Reem Koinis, MA, MHC, LCMHC, LCPC is a Licensed Mental Heath Counselor (LMHC) practicing in Rhode Island, and is licensed to practice in Vermont (LCMHC - Vermont) and Maryland (LCPC - Maryland). She was awarded her Master of Arts Degree in Counseling and Psychological Services from Marymount University in Arlington, Virginia. Reem has 20+ years working with adolescents and adults where therapy is implemented in a non-judgmental and warm environment. She utilizes an eclectic client-centered approach for treatment, which can include Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT), Psychodynamic and Solution-focused brief therapy.
Reem Koinis, MA, MHC, LCMHC, LCPC is a Licensed Mental Heath Counselor (LMHC) practicing in Rhode Island, and is licensed to practice in Vermont (LCMHC - Vermont) and Maryland (LCPC - Maryland). She was awarded her Master of Arts Degree in Counseling and Psychological Services from Marymount University in Arlington, Virginia. Reem has 20+ years working with adolescents and adults where therapy is implemented in a non-judgmental and warm environment. She utilizes an eclectic client-centered approach for treatment, which can include Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT), Psychodynamic and Solution-focused brief therapy.
(401) 324-2289 View (401) 324-2289
Photo of Tinatin Surguladze, Psychologist in Providence, RI
Tinatin Surguladze
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Providence, RI 02906  (Online Only)
Are you in emotional pain? Do you feel stuck and unsure of what your next steps should be? I believe that you have the resources to change, to self-actualize, and that you want your life to be meaningful. In order to activate these resources, I focus on values work to help you become more aware of what matters most to you. We will work together to shift your focus from your current suffering to the present moment. We will also address your avoidance and I will challenge you to try things differently, in ways that align with your values. I believe that you drive your healing process, and I serve as a catalyst.
Are you in emotional pain? Do you feel stuck and unsure of what your next steps should be? I believe that you have the resources to change, to self-actualize, and that you want your life to be meaningful. In order to activate these resources, I focus on values work to help you become more aware of what matters most to you. We will work together to shift your focus from your current suffering to the present moment. We will also address your avoidance and I will challenge you to try things differently, in ways that align with your values. I believe that you drive your healing process, and I serve as a catalyst.
(401) 329-9971 View (401) 329-9971
Photo of Lisa Reidsema, Counselor in Providence, RI
Lisa Reidsema
Counselor, MA, LMHC, CAP, CCTP
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Providence, RI 02906  (Online Only)
I currently offer Telehealth ONLY ( online therapy-phone /video) . I am able to treat a variety of issues including : academic stress, young adult issues, addiction, anxiety, grief, life transitions, PTSD, relationship struggles, communication, sadness, depression, self harm, self esteem and trauma. I specialize in trauma and anxiety using the therapeutic method EMDR. Trauma responses include: increased anxiety, hyper-vigilance, anger, sadness, denial, and increased substance use. My philosophy is to provide a plan that is unique, individualized, and includes collaborative learning experiences.
I currently offer Telehealth ONLY ( online therapy-phone /video) . I am able to treat a variety of issues including : academic stress, young adult issues, addiction, anxiety, grief, life transitions, PTSD, relationship struggles, communication, sadness, depression, self harm, self esteem and trauma. I specialize in trauma and anxiety using the therapeutic method EMDR. Trauma responses include: increased anxiety, hyper-vigilance, anger, sadness, denial, and increased substance use. My philosophy is to provide a plan that is unique, individualized, and includes collaborative learning experiences.
View
Photo of RISE Counseling & Wellness, Ashley Moniz LMHC, Counselor in Providence, RI
RISE Counseling & Wellness, Ashley Moniz LMHC
Counselor, MS, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Providence, RI 02906
**NOT Accepting New Clients temporarily.** I truly believe that everyone could benefit from therapy. We focus on our health in so many ways, it is important to focus on our Mental Health too! I am specifically passionate about my work with women, empowering them through various phases of life and assisting with symptoms of anxiety and depression. Because of my work in child-welfare and adoption, I also specialize in trauma-related struggles in adults & children, as well as behavior management and positive parenting.
**NOT Accepting New Clients temporarily.** I truly believe that everyone could benefit from therapy. We focus on our health in so many ways, it is important to focus on our Mental Health too! I am specifically passionate about my work with women, empowering them through various phases of life and assisting with symptoms of anxiety and depression. Because of my work in child-welfare and adoption, I also specialize in trauma-related struggles in adults & children, as well as behavior management and positive parenting.
(401) 537-1233 View (401) 537-1233
Photo of Kathleen Peña, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Providence, RI
Kathleen Peña
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, CGS, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Providence, RI 02903  (Online Only)
Providing inclusive, culturally sensitive, and affirming individual therapy aiming to serve Folx who identify as BIPOC and/or LGBTQIA+ who have experienced trauma and/or who struggle to cope with mental health concerns. Utilizing the strengths and building the resiliency of those I serve to empower them to find joy in the healing journey. Cultivating a brave space where Folx feel supported and validated. Supporting cycle breakers with ending generational trauma. You already have what you need in you to begin healing. Allow me to support you with tapping into that strength while teaching you skills that promote healing.
Providing inclusive, culturally sensitive, and affirming individual therapy aiming to serve Folx who identify as BIPOC and/or LGBTQIA+ who have experienced trauma and/or who struggle to cope with mental health concerns. Utilizing the strengths and building the resiliency of those I serve to empower them to find joy in the healing journey. Cultivating a brave space where Folx feel supported and validated. Supporting cycle breakers with ending generational trauma. You already have what you need in you to begin healing. Allow me to support you with tapping into that strength while teaching you skills that promote healing.
(401) 358-5311 View (401) 358-5311

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Providence, RI

700+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Providence, RI who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
87% Depression
74% Relationship Issues
69% Trauma and PTSD
69% Self Esteem
65% Coping Skills
64% Stress

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

85% BlueCross and BlueShield
77% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
62% Optum

How Therapists in Providence, RI see their clients

61% In Person and Online
39% Online Only

Gender breakdown

76% Female
22% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Providence?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.