Photo of Alexandra Epler, Psychologist in Indiana
Alexandra Epler
Psychologist, PsyD, HSPP
Verified Verified
Indianapolis, IN 46260
Entering therapy is not always easy, but it's an important step towards change. I believe therapy should be a process where my clients and I work as a team to identify strengths and learn new skills to increase their ability to cope with stress, anxiety, depression, and behavioral problems. I specialize in treating children and adolescents with mood and behavioral disorders. When working with children, I believe it's important to engage parents in the treatment and empower them be a coach and implement strategies discussed in therapy at home with their children.
Entering therapy is not always easy, but it's an important step towards change. I believe therapy should be a process where my clients and I work as a team to identify strengths and learn new skills to increase their ability to cope with stress, anxiety, depression, and behavioral problems. I specialize in treating children and adolescents with mood and behavioral disorders. When working with children, I believe it's important to engage parents in the treatment and empower them be a coach and implement strategies discussed in therapy at home with their children.
(317) 672-1137 View (317) 672-1137
Photo of McArthur Counseling Center, Counselor in Indiana
McArthur Counseling Center
Counselor, LMHC, LCAC
Verified Verified
Warsaw, IN 46580
McArthur Counseling center aims to provide personalized treatment for every client. We pride ourselves in being a "full service" agency offering all types of counseling, testing and medication options. Our counselors have a variety of specialties including: anger management, depression, marital problems, anxiety, developmental disorders and substance abuse, just to name a few. Our on staff Psychologist is licensed to administer over 35 different psychological and educational testing instruments. Our on staff Psychiatrist and Nurse Practitioners offer psychiatric evaluations and medication management services with day and evening hours.
McArthur Counseling center aims to provide personalized treatment for every client. We pride ourselves in being a "full service" agency offering all types of counseling, testing and medication options. Our counselors have a variety of specialties including: anger management, depression, marital problems, anxiety, developmental disorders and substance abuse, just to name a few. Our on staff Psychologist is licensed to administer over 35 different psychological and educational testing instruments. Our on staff Psychiatrist and Nurse Practitioners offer psychiatric evaluations and medication management services with day and evening hours.
(574) 231-7292 View (574) 231-7292
Photo of Patty Bittinger Mansfield, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Indiana
Patty Bittinger Mansfield
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MS, LCSW
Verified Verified
Westfield, IN 46074  (Online Only)
Do you ever feel overwhelmed? Constantly trying to juggle home, work, possibly school and social situations? Since the pandemic or (maybe before the pandemic), have you felt anxious, nervous waiting "for the next ball to drop?" At times, do you feel it takes too much time and effort to become involved in social situations and activities again? I help people of all ages to learn skills and strategies to work past their anxieties and depression. Becoming aware of anxiety and depression and learn different ways to work with these feelings and take control of them can be very empowering.
Do you ever feel overwhelmed? Constantly trying to juggle home, work, possibly school and social situations? Since the pandemic or (maybe before the pandemic), have you felt anxious, nervous waiting "for the next ball to drop?" At times, do you feel it takes too much time and effort to become involved in social situations and activities again? I help people of all ages to learn skills and strategies to work past their anxieties and depression. Becoming aware of anxiety and depression and learn different ways to work with these feelings and take control of them can be very empowering.
(317) 785-1037 View (317) 785-1037
Photo of Michele C Thorne, Psychologist in Indiana
Michele C Thorne
Psychologist, PhD, HSPP
Verified Verified
Carmel, IN 46032
Are you feeling stuck? Does it feel as though you can't reach your goals? All of us experience difficulties in our lives, within ourselves and within our relationships. As a therapist, my role is to help people use their strengths to help overcome life’s challenges. I work with children, teens, adults, and families who experience anxiety, depression, ADHD, and behavioral challenges as well as with people coping with co-occurring medical conditions. I use several techniques including cognitive behavioral strategies, biofeedback, DBT, and interpersonal therapy to best meet your needs. I am a member of PSYPACT, serving 39 states.
Are you feeling stuck? Does it feel as though you can't reach your goals? All of us experience difficulties in our lives, within ourselves and within our relationships. As a therapist, my role is to help people use their strengths to help overcome life’s challenges. I work with children, teens, adults, and families who experience anxiety, depression, ADHD, and behavioral challenges as well as with people coping with co-occurring medical conditions. I use several techniques including cognitive behavioral strategies, biofeedback, DBT, and interpersonal therapy to best meet your needs. I am a member of PSYPACT, serving 39 states.
(317) 708-4144 View (317) 708-4144
Photo of Hannah Jones, Counselor in Indiana
Hannah Jones
Counselor, LMHCA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Noblesville, IN 46060
Waitlist for new clients
There is no better time than now to begin working on your mental health! Whether you are a parent, young adult, or teen, adjusting to new life stages may be difficult and confusing. Some times we don’t have the answers and that’s okay! Every person is unique in their own experiences. There comes a point in everyone’s life where we may have to cope with grief, anxiety, depression, family conflict, divorce, ADHD, trauma, etc. Finding a safe place to work through changing times is crucial. This is the first step of adjusting to new emotions or stages of life, you don’t have to do it alone!
There is no better time than now to begin working on your mental health! Whether you are a parent, young adult, or teen, adjusting to new life stages may be difficult and confusing. Some times we don’t have the answers and that’s okay! Every person is unique in their own experiences. There comes a point in everyone’s life where we may have to cope with grief, anxiety, depression, family conflict, divorce, ADHD, trauma, etc. Finding a safe place to work through changing times is crucial. This is the first step of adjusting to new emotions or stages of life, you don’t have to do it alone!
(317) 458-5276 View (317) 458-5276
Photo of Sarah Bent, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Indiana
Sarah Bent
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Greenwood, IN 46143  (Online Only)
After 27 years of working in the mental health field, in 3 different countries, I have an appreciation for the fact that life rarely goes according to plan. Perhaps you’re struggling with feeling anxious, depressed, or unfulfilled with some part of your life, or you find yourself longing for deeper, more meaningful relationships. Have you lived through traumatic events (whether recent or long ago) that have changed you in ways you don’t understand, caused you to react unpredictably...made you feel like a stranger to yourself, & you’re struggling to cope? I believe in meeting you where you're at, with compassion, & without judgment.
After 27 years of working in the mental health field, in 3 different countries, I have an appreciation for the fact that life rarely goes according to plan. Perhaps you’re struggling with feeling anxious, depressed, or unfulfilled with some part of your life, or you find yourself longing for deeper, more meaningful relationships. Have you lived through traumatic events (whether recent or long ago) that have changed you in ways you don’t understand, caused you to react unpredictably...made you feel like a stranger to yourself, & you’re struggling to cope? I believe in meeting you where you're at, with compassion, & without judgment.
(463) 217-0476 View (463) 217-0476
Photo of Dr. Prama Chakravarti, Psychologist in Indiana
Dr. Prama Chakravarti
Psychologist, PhD, HSPP
Verified Verified
Carmel, IN 46032
I am currently accepting in person sessions in Greater Indianapolis area, for educational and intellectual giftedness testing. I do therapeutic work with children, adolescents and adults, managing challenges like anxiety, depression, trauma response, or ADHD. I also help parents with implementing Behavior therapy strategies for emotional and behavioral struggles in children. I am accepting clients for Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) across all age groups including older adults. www.pramapsychology.com
I am currently accepting in person sessions in Greater Indianapolis area, for educational and intellectual giftedness testing. I do therapeutic work with children, adolescents and adults, managing challenges like anxiety, depression, trauma response, or ADHD. I also help parents with implementing Behavior therapy strategies for emotional and behavioral struggles in children. I am accepting clients for Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) across all age groups including older adults. www.pramapsychology.com
(317) 743-7695 View (317) 743-7695
Photo of Lotus of Life Counseling, LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Indiana
Lotus of Life Counseling, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, LMHCA
Verified Verified
Westfield, IN 46074
Lotus of Life is a growing group private practice serving individuals, couples and families. Our experience and areas of focus include: chronic health conditions, Grief/ Loss, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Anxiety, Depression, School/ Academic/ Career issues, Social/ Emotional challenges, Disordered Eating, LGBTQ+, Couples, Perinatal/ Infant loss and more. Therapy is provided virtually (Statewide) and in person in Westfield, Indiana by a Pre-licensed or fully licensed Therapist based on specific needs and availability. Please reach out to see which provider would best fit your needs!
Lotus of Life is a growing group private practice serving individuals, couples and families. Our experience and areas of focus include: chronic health conditions, Grief/ Loss, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Anxiety, Depression, School/ Academic/ Career issues, Social/ Emotional challenges, Disordered Eating, LGBTQ+, Couples, Perinatal/ Infant loss and more. Therapy is provided virtually (Statewide) and in person in Westfield, Indiana by a Pre-licensed or fully licensed Therapist based on specific needs and availability. Please reach out to see which provider would best fit your needs!
(317) 854-5804 View (317) 854-5804
Amy Armstrong
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Carmel, IN 46032
I work with those who may have problems with depression/anxiety, family and role changes, trauma, loss, learning disabilities/ADHD in children and adults.
Emotional distress is overwhelming and can interfere with your life. Professional support and treatment can help resolve many difficulties, relationships can become more fulfilling, and self image can be enhanced. I have a dynamic, warm and interactive style, and believe everyone has the ability to use their inner strength and awareness, as well as develop more effective ways of coping. I have been in private practice for fifteen years.
I work with those who may have problems with depression/anxiety, family and role changes, trauma, loss, learning disabilities/ADHD in children and adults.
Emotional distress is overwhelming and can interfere with your life. Professional support and treatment can help resolve many difficulties, relationships can become more fulfilling, and self image can be enhanced. I have a dynamic, warm and interactive style, and believe everyone has the ability to use their inner strength and awareness, as well as develop more effective ways of coping. I have been in private practice for fifteen years.
(317) 722-0566 View (317) 722-0566
Photo of Rosalind A Schmutte, Psychologist in Indiana
Rosalind A Schmutte
Psychologist, PsyD, HSPP
Verified Verified
Zionsville, IN 46077
Have you ever wished that you could live a healthier, happier life, with an improved overall sense of well-being? I offer an encouraging and supportive environment that provides the means toward positive growth and healing. Whether you are trying to cope with depression, anxiety, stress, grief, health issues, or simply wanting to develop stronger interpersonal relationships, we will collaborate together to identify the psychological, biological, and social factors that are influencing your emotional and physical health.
Have you ever wished that you could live a healthier, happier life, with an improved overall sense of well-being? I offer an encouraging and supportive environment that provides the means toward positive growth and healing. Whether you are trying to cope with depression, anxiety, stress, grief, health issues, or simply wanting to develop stronger interpersonal relationships, we will collaborate together to identify the psychological, biological, and social factors that are influencing your emotional and physical health.
(317) 973-6396 View (317) 973-6396
Photo of Dr. Jeff Feathergill at Feathergill & Associates, Psychologist in Indiana
Dr. Jeff Feathergill at Feathergill & Associates
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Mishawaka, IN 46545
Whether you are experiencing depression, anxiety, trauma, grief, relationship issues, or simply desire personal growth and the ability to make positive changes in your life, the therapists at Feathergill & Associates can help. We provide outpatient services to adults, adolescents, couples and families. Our goal is to help you obtain relief from distress, develop self-confidence, and enjoy a more enriched, fulfilling, and empowered life.
Whether you are experiencing depression, anxiety, trauma, grief, relationship issues, or simply desire personal growth and the ability to make positive changes in your life, the therapists at Feathergill & Associates can help. We provide outpatient services to adults, adolescents, couples and families. Our goal is to help you obtain relief from distress, develop self-confidence, and enjoy a more enriched, fulfilling, and empowered life.
(574) 319-7238 View (574) 319-7238
Photo of Jessica A Neely, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Indiana
Jessica A Neely
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Brownsburg, IN 46112
Most of my experience has involved: depression/anxiety, self-harm behaviors and/or suicidal ideation, behavioral concerns, school problems, family and peer relationships, and stress/anger management.
Is your adolescent struggling in school? Are you having difficulty keeping his/her behavior under control? Is your child acting differently (isolating themselves, arguing more than usual, avoiding peers, self-harming)? Are you struggling with a divorced or blended family situation? I would love to be able to help you, your child, and your family. I have been working with at-risk, troubled youth and their families for over 15 years. This includes working closely with the school, juvenile system, and medical practitioners, as well.
Most of my experience has involved: depression/anxiety, self-harm behaviors and/or suicidal ideation, behavioral concerns, school problems, family and peer relationships, and stress/anger management.
Is your adolescent struggling in school? Are you having difficulty keeping his/her behavior under control? Is your child acting differently (isolating themselves, arguing more than usual, avoiding peers, self-harming)? Are you struggling with a divorced or blended family situation? I would love to be able to help you, your child, and your family. I have been working with at-risk, troubled youth and their families for over 15 years. This includes working closely with the school, juvenile system, and medical practitioners, as well.
(317) 852-6603 x102 View (317) 852-6603 x102
Photo of Brent Luebcke, Psychologist in Indiana
Brent Luebcke
Psychologist, PhD, HSPP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Indianapolis, IN 46204
I have extensive experience in the diagnosis and treatment of mood disorders, depression, anxiety, personality disorders, relationship conflict, trauma, and concerns related to adjustment and life span development.
Because each person has unique experiences, thoughts, feelings, and strengths, therapy can be an individualized process that is designed from the first session to assist clients towards their desired goals. For some, therapy involves receiving immediate support. For others, it involves examination of the past. Furthermore, some clients seek help to engage in new skills for the present and future. Therapy often involves safe exploration of new strategies to lead towards desired growth. My approach to therapy integrates theory and techniques from psychodynamic, cognitive-behavioral (CBT), and interpersonal psychotherapies.
I have extensive experience in the diagnosis and treatment of mood disorders, depression, anxiety, personality disorders, relationship conflict, trauma, and concerns related to adjustment and life span development.
Because each person has unique experiences, thoughts, feelings, and strengths, therapy can be an individualized process that is designed from the first session to assist clients towards their desired goals. For some, therapy involves receiving immediate support. For others, it involves examination of the past. Furthermore, some clients seek help to engage in new skills for the present and future. Therapy often involves safe exploration of new strategies to lead towards desired growth. My approach to therapy integrates theory and techniques from psychodynamic, cognitive-behavioral (CBT), and interpersonal psychotherapies.
(317) 751-2905 View (317) 751-2905
Photo of Lawrence Pincus, Marriage & Family Therapist in Indiana
Lawrence Pincus
Marriage & Family Therapist, LCSW, LMFT, LAC
Verified Verified
Michigan City, IN 46360
We work with substance abuse, trauma, grief, relationship issues, LGBTQ+, anxiety, depression, ADHD, and dealing with everyday issues and stress.
Our mission statement at LPA Counseling is that we respond personally and immediately to families, couples, and individuals seeking counseling services, providing excellent, confidential, and affordable therapy, when and where our clients' need us, throughout Northwest Indiana. For more information on our services, please visit our website at www.lpacounseling.com
We work with substance abuse, trauma, grief, relationship issues, LGBTQ+, anxiety, depression, ADHD, and dealing with everyday issues and stress.
Our mission statement at LPA Counseling is that we respond personally and immediately to families, couples, and individuals seeking counseling services, providing excellent, confidential, and affordable therapy, when and where our clients' need us, throughout Northwest Indiana. For more information on our services, please visit our website at www.lpacounseling.com
(219) 359-4287 View (219) 359-4287
Photo of Cathy Heath, Counselor in Indiana
Cathy Heath
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Fishers, IN 46038
I see children and adults who might struggle with financial stress, anxiety, depression, ADHD, relationship difficulties, sibling/family changes, social skill challenges, fertility/adoption, and grief/loss.
I specialize in working with teenagers and adults at the many different stages throughout their lives. I have experience working with adults navigating adulthood, relationships, and parenthood. Different stages of life bring adjustments that can be challenging at times. One of the challenges we face is navigating the emotional complexities surrounding money. Financial therapy is the study of cognitive, emotional, behavioral, relational, and economic parts of financial wellness. It is the point where finances and mental health merge and can potentially cause stress.
I see children and adults who might struggle with financial stress, anxiety, depression, ADHD, relationship difficulties, sibling/family changes, social skill challenges, fertility/adoption, and grief/loss.
I specialize in working with teenagers and adults at the many different stages throughout their lives. I have experience working with adults navigating adulthood, relationships, and parenthood. Different stages of life bring adjustments that can be challenging at times. One of the challenges we face is navigating the emotional complexities surrounding money. Financial therapy is the study of cognitive, emotional, behavioral, relational, and economic parts of financial wellness. It is the point where finances and mental health merge and can potentially cause stress.
(317) 723-5970 View (317) 723-5970
Photo of Malisa Komolthiti, Marriage & Family Therapist in Indiana
Malisa Komolthiti
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Verified Verified
Indianapolis, IN 46201  (Online Only)
I'm a dedicated psychotherapist and Marriage and Family Therapist, happily serving clients in Indiana and Florida. My areas of practice are· Anxiety · Depression· Stress · Divorce ·Marital/Pre-marital ·Parenting ·Couple/Family Conflict· Learning Disabilities · LGBTQIA+ · Life Coaching ·Mood Disorders · Panic Attacks · Peer Relationships · Behavioral Issues · Career Counseling · Codependency · Coping Skills. I support the unique journeys of adults, children, teens, and parents. I accept insurance.
I'm a dedicated psychotherapist and Marriage and Family Therapist, happily serving clients in Indiana and Florida. My areas of practice are· Anxiety · Depression· Stress · Divorce ·Marital/Pre-marital ·Parenting ·Couple/Family Conflict· Learning Disabilities · LGBTQIA+ · Life Coaching ·Mood Disorders · Panic Attacks · Peer Relationships · Behavioral Issues · Career Counseling · Codependency · Coping Skills. I support the unique journeys of adults, children, teens, and parents. I accept insurance.
(513) 951-4347 View (513) 951-4347
Photo of Faithful Counsel, Psychologist in Indiana
Faithful Counsel
Psychologist, PsyD, HSPP
Verified Verified
Crown Point, IN 46307  (Online Only)
Faithful counsel sees individuals, couples, children, and families. We are trained to provide counseling for a range of issues including but not limited to depression, anxiety, relationship conflicts, addictions (from drugs & alcohol to sexual addiction), anger, marital strife & infidelity. The clients that present to our practice are interested in receiving counseling from a Christian worldview and biblical foundation. They understand that the wisdom of man is limited and that apart from God, we can do nothing.
Faithful counsel sees individuals, couples, children, and families. We are trained to provide counseling for a range of issues including but not limited to depression, anxiety, relationship conflicts, addictions (from drugs & alcohol to sexual addiction), anger, marital strife & infidelity. The clients that present to our practice are interested in receiving counseling from a Christian worldview and biblical foundation. They understand that the wisdom of man is limited and that apart from God, we can do nothing.
(219) 258-4736 x1 View (219) 258-4736 x1
Photo of Olivia Wayer, Pre-Licensed Professional in Indiana
Olivia Wayer
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, LMHCA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Noblesville, IN 46060
Are you struggling with daily tasks? Do you struggle with anxiety or depression? As humans, we all go through personal struggles or conflicts that derail us. I have found that meeting clients where they are at mentally and emotionally, as well as supporting clients through their struggles, have worked best when finding solutions and meeting goals. We all have stories to tell, to process, and to work through. Its important to find a safe person and safe place to do just that.
Are you struggling with daily tasks? Do you struggle with anxiety or depression? As humans, we all go through personal struggles or conflicts that derail us. I have found that meeting clients where they are at mentally and emotionally, as well as supporting clients through their struggles, have worked best when finding solutions and meeting goals. We all have stories to tell, to process, and to work through. Its important to find a safe person and safe place to do just that.
(317) 597-6865 View (317) 597-6865
Photo of Chasity Montalvo, Counselor in Indiana
Chasity Montalvo
Counselor, MA, LCAC, LMHCA
Verified Verified
Tipton, IN 46072
Are you struggling in your relationship? Are you experiencing hopelessness? I specialize in getting couples back on track. I specialize in helping individuals and families. I can assist with those experiencing anger, sexual abuse, depression, anxiety, domestic violence, relationship issues, addictions and more. We as a team can achieve goals. I have 20+ years clinical addiction work, individual, and family sessions. I am a Bilingual speaking therapist-English and Spanish. I am here to help you experience deeper connection and communication.
Are you struggling in your relationship? Are you experiencing hopelessness? I specialize in getting couples back on track. I specialize in helping individuals and families. I can assist with those experiencing anger, sexual abuse, depression, anxiety, domestic violence, relationship issues, addictions and more. We as a team can achieve goals. I have 20+ years clinical addiction work, individual, and family sessions. I am a Bilingual speaking therapist-English and Spanish. I am here to help you experience deeper connection and communication.
(765) 540-9835 View (765) 540-9835
Photo of Holly McClure, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Indiana
Holly McClure
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Indianapolis, IN 46219  (Online Only)
Do you feel like you've been struggling to manage everything? Do you worry a lot or struggle to be fair to yourself? Have you been dealing with depression, anxiety or relationship challenges? I seek to provide a safe, affirming environment to work on any issues that are creating difficulties in your life and impacting your happiness.
Do you feel like you've been struggling to manage everything? Do you worry a lot or struggle to be fair to yourself? Have you been dealing with depression, anxiety or relationship challenges? I seek to provide a safe, affirming environment to work on any issues that are creating difficulties in your life and impacting your happiness.
(317) 934-7810 View (317) 934-7810
Depression Therapists

What is the goal of therapy for depression?

Therapy for depression has several major goals. One is to relieve the mental pain of depression, which distorts feeling and thinking so that sufferers cannot see beyond their current state of mind or envision feeling better. Another is to give people the mental tools to recognize and correct the kinds of distorted thinking that turn a problem into a catastrophe and lead to despair. Therapy also teaches people how to process negative emotions in constructive ways, so they have more control over their own emotional reactivity. And it helps people regain the ability to see themselves positively, the motivation to do things, and the capacity for pleasure.

What happens in therapy for depression?

Perhaps most important, no matter the type of therapy, patients form an alliance with the therapist; that connection is therapeutic in itself, plus it becomes an instrument of change. Patients learn to identify and to challenge their own erroneous beliefs and thoughts that amplify the effects of negative experiences. They learn to identify situations in which they are especially vulnerable. And they learn new patterns of thinking and behaving. They may be given “homework” assignments in which they practice their developing skills. In addition, good therapists regularly monitor patients to assess whether and how much the condition is improving.

What therapy types help with depression?

Several types of short-term therapy have been found effective, each targeting one or more areas of dysfunction. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) helps clients challenge their negative thoughts and beliefs, learn new behavioral strategies, and curb reactivity to distressing situations. Behavioral activation (BA) is a form of therapy often used in conjunction with CBT; it focuses on engagement in rewarding activity as a pathway to changing negative feelings and disturbed mood. Another widely used approach is interpersonal therapy (IPT), which targets the social difficulties that both give rise to and get exacerbated by depression. Therapists may combine approaches as needed.

Can therapy for depression be done online?

Studies have found that online therapy can be highly effective for treating depression, although it may be more challenging to build a good therapist-patient alliance on screen than in person—at least at first. However, online therapy can offer considerable advantages. Accessibility and convenience are tops among them. Some people actually find it easier to talk about problems online than in person. While online therapy typically limits visibility of facial expression and body gestures that give important nonverbal cues to a patient’s state of mind, it can give therapists a glimpse into a patient’s world and life, providing information that can be highly useful in guiding therapy.

How effective is therapy for depression?

Many studies show that therapy is highly effective provided that patients complete the prescribed course of therapy, commonly 16 to 20 sessions. Over the long term, it is more effective than medication and the effects are more enduring. As a result, psychotherapy has the power not just to relieve current suffering but to prevent future episodes of the disorder. Therapy reverses the dysfunction in neural circuitry that disposes individuals to a negative view of themselves, the world, and their future and they acquire coping techniques, problem-solving skills, and understanding of their own vulnerabilities that are useful over the course of a lifetime.