Therapists in Stephenson County, IL

Photo of Georgia Eger, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Stephenson County, IL
Georgia Eger
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Freeport, IL 61032  (Online Only)
Hi, I am Georgia, I specialize working with people who are experiencing anxiety, depression, relationship issues, trauma and other behavioral and mood disorders.
I believe every person has the ability to heal, grow and change in the capacity that they desire. Whether you want to improve your communication skills, alleviate mental health symptoms, manage your emotions, or work on other areas of your life— therapy isn’t one size fits all. While my interpersonal approach is rooted in evidence based practices, it is tailored to fit your individual goals. Together, we can collaborate on the fundamental aspects of therapeutic work such as root causes of emotional struggles, providing necessary tools for understanding one’s innate traits + nervous system, and building healthier relationships.
Hi, I am Georgia, I specialize working with people who are experiencing anxiety, depression, relationship issues, trauma and other behavioral and mood disorders.
I believe every person has the ability to heal, grow and change in the capacity that they desire. Whether you want to improve your communication skills, alleviate mental health symptoms, manage your emotions, or work on other areas of your life— therapy isn’t one size fits all. While my interpersonal approach is rooted in evidence based practices, it is tailored to fit your individual goals. Together, we can collaborate on the fundamental aspects of therapeutic work such as root causes of emotional struggles, providing necessary tools for understanding one’s innate traits + nervous system, and building healthier relationships.
(708) 426-1636 View (708) 426-1636
Photo of Lisa Marie Zimmerman, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Stephenson County, IL
Lisa Marie Zimmerman
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
Davis, IL 61019
When your world turns upside down, it can take all the courage you have to hold on. Life can throw some blindsiding curveballs — difficult transitions, traumatic experiences, profound loss, unexpected and worsening symptoms, relational brokenness, and so many more. As the world begins to spin, we wonder how the dust will settle, and what life will look like when it does. I’ve been there, and understand that moments and seasons of life, just like this, take incredible courage to face. It’s risky to look change and challenge in the eye ... but you are far braver than you know.
When your world turns upside down, it can take all the courage you have to hold on. Life can throw some blindsiding curveballs — difficult transitions, traumatic experiences, profound loss, unexpected and worsening symptoms, relational brokenness, and so many more. As the world begins to spin, we wonder how the dust will settle, and what life will look like when it does. I’ve been there, and understand that moments and seasons of life, just like this, take incredible courage to face. It’s risky to look change and challenge in the eye ... but you are far braver than you know.
(815) 587-7956 View (815) 587-7956
Photo of Amy Marie Riehle, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Stephenson County, IL
Amy Marie Riehle
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Freeport, IL 61032
My professional experience over the past thirty years has concentrated on children, teenagers, adults, couples and families. I have worked in both agency and school settings. As a result, I am familiar with how individuals and families often require collaboration across settings and between service providers. My focus is on listening and finding the best approach to help someone meet their goals out of therapy. I realize that finding a therapist one is comfortable with, is crucial to success in therapy. I work hard to establish a relationship in which a person feels understood and respected.
My professional experience over the past thirty years has concentrated on children, teenagers, adults, couples and families. I have worked in both agency and school settings. As a result, I am familiar with how individuals and families often require collaboration across settings and between service providers. My focus is on listening and finding the best approach to help someone meet their goals out of therapy. I realize that finding a therapist one is comfortable with, is crucial to success in therapy. I work hard to establish a relationship in which a person feels understood and respected.
(815) 513-0395 View (815) 513-0395
Photo of LeBaron Counseling Services, Counselor in Stephenson County, IL
LeBaron Counseling Services
Counselor, LCPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Freeport, IL 61032
It's challenging to come to a counselor for the first time or even to come back for another episode. Let me offer to help. I am willing to talk to you on the phone for a free 15 minute initial consultation. I have been helping folks for over 25 years. I have lived through my own and other's life challenges and changes and in short, in addition to my professional education and experience, have had some "on the job training" in life. Give me a call and allow me to help you.
It's challenging to come to a counselor for the first time or even to come back for another episode. Let me offer to help. I am willing to talk to you on the phone for a free 15 minute initial consultation. I have been helping folks for over 25 years. I have lived through my own and other's life challenges and changes and in short, in addition to my professional education and experience, have had some "on the job training" in life. Give me a call and allow me to help you.
(815) 496-6505 View (815) 496-6505
Photo of Brianne France, Licensed Professional Counselor in Stephenson County, IL
Brianne France
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, NCC, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Freeport, IL 61032
What stories are you telling yourself about who you are, how you got here, or what comes next? So much of who we are is made up of the world we live in, with all of its influences, mirrors, and connections. Maybe you're looking for someone to help unhook you from those unhelpful stories, or maybe you're in need of space to explore new ideas. Whatever the case, I'm glad you're here.
What stories are you telling yourself about who you are, how you got here, or what comes next? So much of who we are is made up of the world we live in, with all of its influences, mirrors, and connections. Maybe you're looking for someone to help unhook you from those unhelpful stories, or maybe you're in need of space to explore new ideas. Whatever the case, I'm glad you're here.
(708) 586-8497 View (708) 586-8497
Photo of Tom Mlodzik, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Stephenson County, IL
Tom Mlodzik
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LMFT, CRADC, STL
Verified Verified
Freeport, IL 61032
For over 30 years, I have committed my work to healing the personal and relational damage caused by substance abuse and addiction, emotional disorders, and relational discord. I draw on multiple treatment approaches - particularly systems theory, relapse prevention training, cognitive-affective-behavioral theory, and brief solution-focused theory - in restoring one's dignity and worth.
For over 30 years, I have committed my work to healing the personal and relational damage caused by substance abuse and addiction, emotional disorders, and relational discord. I draw on multiple treatment approaches - particularly systems theory, relapse prevention training, cognitive-affective-behavioral theory, and brief solution-focused theory - in restoring one's dignity and worth.
(815) 317-4235 View (815) 317-4235

Online Therapists

Photo of Douglas N Neal, Psychologist in Stephenson County, IL
Douglas N Neal
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Crystal Lake, IL 60014
For 39 years, I have been passionate about helping people find freedom from personal struggles of depression, anxiety and marriage/ family problems. I treat first with natural alternatives rather than medications. I also specialize in Attention Deficit Disorder and I am a parent of an adult child with ADHD. I personally know the challenges and victory in helping someone with ADHD live their life successfully. I am viewed as the Sherlock Holmes doctor since I work with the most difficult to diagnose cases and help to crack the case of what is causing a person to struggle.
For 39 years, I have been passionate about helping people find freedom from personal struggles of depression, anxiety and marriage/ family problems. I treat first with natural alternatives rather than medications. I also specialize in Attention Deficit Disorder and I am a parent of an adult child with ADHD. I personally know the challenges and victory in helping someone with ADHD live their life successfully. I am viewed as the Sherlock Holmes doctor since I work with the most difficult to diagnose cases and help to crack the case of what is causing a person to struggle.
(815) 828-4356 View (815) 828-4356
Photo of Kelsey Jablonski, Drug & Alcohol Counselor in Stephenson County, IL
Kelsey Jablonski
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, MSW, CADC
Verified Verified
Northfield, IL 60093
Are you experiencing anxiety, depression or feeling lost? Are feelings of codependency, addiction or preoccupation crippling your ability to live your life to the fullest? Are you feeling overwhelmed and cannot currently identify your emotions? I am here to support you in self discovery and finding a way together to explore what may be blocking you from living your most authentic life. I work with individuals, couples, and families. I specialize in working with kids and adults who are dealing with emotional/defiant/ social challenges, trauma, abuse, addiction, infertility/prenatal/postpartum, and parenting/family dynamics.
Are you experiencing anxiety, depression or feeling lost? Are feelings of codependency, addiction or preoccupation crippling your ability to live your life to the fullest? Are you feeling overwhelmed and cannot currently identify your emotions? I am here to support you in self discovery and finding a way together to explore what may be blocking you from living your most authentic life. I work with individuals, couples, and families. I specialize in working with kids and adults who are dealing with emotional/defiant/ social challenges, trauma, abuse, addiction, infertility/prenatal/postpartum, and parenting/family dynamics.
(224) 505-1884 View (224) 505-1884
Photo of Jessica Ann Kurpiel, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Stephenson County, IL
Jessica Ann Kurpiel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
I specialize in children's issues, anxiety, depression, and coping skills.
I am welcoming new clients! My current openings are Monday-Thursday from 9am-3:30pm. I work at Outreach Counseling Center York (located in Oakbrook Terrace, Illinois). We provide services to clients who live in Oakbrook, Oakbrook Terrace, Lombard, Villa Park, and Elmhurst. My goal is to create a welcoming, safe, supportive, and empowering space. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) in Illinois. I have over 12 years of professional experience working with a variety of clients.
I specialize in children's issues, anxiety, depression, and coping skills.
I am welcoming new clients! My current openings are Monday-Thursday from 9am-3:30pm. I work at Outreach Counseling Center York (located in Oakbrook Terrace, Illinois). We provide services to clients who live in Oakbrook, Oakbrook Terrace, Lombard, Villa Park, and Elmhurst. My goal is to create a welcoming, safe, supportive, and empowering space. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) in Illinois. I have over 12 years of professional experience working with a variety of clients.
(331) 200-3680 View (331) 200-3680
Photo of Mindy M Burkhamer, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Stephenson County, IL
Mindy M Burkhamer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PEL, LCSW, CADC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oswego, IL 60543
Without addressing these issues, children and teens can experience school avoidance, aggressive behaviors, lower grades, self-injury, anxiety, depression, substance use and possible suicidal thoughts.
Accepting New Clients! Do you find yourself carrying an emotional weight that seems to get heavier each day without really understanding what it is, or why? The tremendous emotional impact of the environmental and societal events over the last couple of years has been staggering. The rollercoaster of emotions that come with the grief of losing what was seen as normal and dependable, can make you feel like your world has been turned upside down.
Without addressing these issues, children and teens can experience school avoidance, aggressive behaviors, lower grades, self-injury, anxiety, depression, substance use and possible suicidal thoughts.
Accepting New Clients! Do you find yourself carrying an emotional weight that seems to get heavier each day without really understanding what it is, or why? The tremendous emotional impact of the environmental and societal events over the last couple of years has been staggering. The rollercoaster of emotions that come with the grief of losing what was seen as normal and dependable, can make you feel like your world has been turned upside down.
(331) 226-1794 View (331) 226-1794
Photo of Elizabeth Escobedo, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Stephenson County, IL
Elizabeth Escobedo
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Schaumburg, IL 60173
My clinical experience includes working with individuals on anxiety, depression, self-esteem, adjustment problems, behavior problems, divorce/family conflict, domestic violence, grief and loss, parenting issues, school problems, and trauma.
Seeking therapy is not an easy decision to make. I am a warm, empathetic, and culturally sensitive therapist with experience in working with children, adolescents, and adults. My goal is to provide a safe and non-judgmental space where individuals can feel comfortable exploring the reasons that have led them to seek therapy. Feeling connected and understood is crucial when working collaboratively with a therapist to help identify personal issues and moving towards a better self, marriage, or family life and improving overall functioning.
My clinical experience includes working with individuals on anxiety, depression, self-esteem, adjustment problems, behavior problems, divorce/family conflict, domestic violence, grief and loss, parenting issues, school problems, and trauma.
Seeking therapy is not an easy decision to make. I am a warm, empathetic, and culturally sensitive therapist with experience in working with children, adolescents, and adults. My goal is to provide a safe and non-judgmental space where individuals can feel comfortable exploring the reasons that have led them to seek therapy. Feeling connected and understood is crucial when working collaboratively with a therapist to help identify personal issues and moving towards a better self, marriage, or family life and improving overall functioning.
(872) 240-5132 View (872) 240-5132
Photo of Jasmine Soto, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Stephenson County, IL
Jasmine Soto
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW, LMSW
Verified Verified
Bolingbrook, IL 60440
I also work with anxiety, depression, ADHD and self esteem.
As your therapist, I am dedicated to work together to assist and guide you on a self-discovery journey to feeling better and learning effective ways of coping with diverse situations. My experience working in the mental health field has given me insight on the resilience we all carry within us and we sometimes just need that different perspective to shed the light at the end of the tunnel. My goal as your therapist is to provide a safe space for healing.
I also work with anxiety, depression, ADHD and self esteem.
As your therapist, I am dedicated to work together to assist and guide you on a self-discovery journey to feeling better and learning effective ways of coping with diverse situations. My experience working in the mental health field has given me insight on the resilience we all carry within us and we sometimes just need that different perspective to shed the light at the end of the tunnel. My goal as your therapist is to provide a safe space for healing.
(630) 528-1905 View (630) 528-1905
Photo of Veronica Gillen in Stephenson County, IL
Veronica Gillen
MSW, LSW
Verified Verified
Wheaton, IL 60187
My areas of expertise include trauma-informed therapy, anxiety, depression, self-esteem issues, values-based therapy, spirituality and faith-based therapy (upon request), and strengths-based therapy.
As a social worker, I see each person as the expert of their own experience while also empowering them to grow and heal. My hope is to walk alongside you in your journey and support you in identifying your strengths and building on those together while also identifying support in the community around you. I enjoy bringing humor and creativity into my relationships with my clients and I believe that building trust together will be the cornerstone of your healing process. We all bring our own stories into the therapy room and supporting you in telling yours is something that I look forward to!
My areas of expertise include trauma-informed therapy, anxiety, depression, self-esteem issues, values-based therapy, spirituality and faith-based therapy (upon request), and strengths-based therapy.
As a social worker, I see each person as the expert of their own experience while also empowering them to grow and heal. My hope is to walk alongside you in your journey and support you in identifying your strengths and building on those together while also identifying support in the community around you. I enjoy bringing humor and creativity into my relationships with my clients and I believe that building trust together will be the cornerstone of your healing process. We all bring our own stories into the therapy room and supporting you in telling yours is something that I look forward to!
(630) 216-7866 x185 View (630) 216-7866 x185
Photo of David Schaefer, Counselor in Stephenson County, IL
David Schaefer
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Lincolnshire, IL 60069
I graduated from University of IL – Champaign/Urbana in 2002 with a Bachelor of Arts degree in Psychology, and earned my secondary degree, Masters of Science in Clinical Psychology at Argosy University. With over 20 years of healthcare experience, in both corporate and private settings, I have been in clinical practice for 10+ years. I have worked with adolescents and adults in an individual capacity, as well as family and marital therapy, and specializes in treating anxiety and depression.
I graduated from University of IL – Champaign/Urbana in 2002 with a Bachelor of Arts degree in Psychology, and earned my secondary degree, Masters of Science in Clinical Psychology at Argosy University. With over 20 years of healthcare experience, in both corporate and private settings, I have been in clinical practice for 10+ years. I have worked with adolescents and adults in an individual capacity, as well as family and marital therapy, and specializes in treating anxiety and depression.
(224) 268-1763 View (224) 268-1763
Photo of Mario Giacomuzzi, Psychologist in Stephenson County, IL
Mario Giacomuzzi
Psychologist, PsyD, PC
Verified Verified
Bloomingdale, IL 60108
As a psychologist I specialize in helping clients when life is difficult. I work with a wide age range from children to older adults. Whether it's Depression, Anxiety, ADHD, relationship conflicts or family problems, work/school issues, confidence issues, or drug/alcohol problems, etc., I will assist you to make positive changes and help you to take control over the things you can. When you start to see the benefits, you will feel empowered to keep moving forward.
As a psychologist I specialize in helping clients when life is difficult. I work with a wide age range from children to older adults. Whether it's Depression, Anxiety, ADHD, relationship conflicts or family problems, work/school issues, confidence issues, or drug/alcohol problems, etc., I will assist you to make positive changes and help you to take control over the things you can. When you start to see the benefits, you will feel empowered to keep moving forward.
(847) 457-0139 View (847) 457-0139
Photo of Carina Gallegos, Licensed Professional Counselor in Stephenson County, IL
Carina Gallegos
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Joliet, IL 60435
I have worked with individuals who struggle with anxiety, depression, suicidal ideation, self-esteem issues, and trauma.
“There is no greater agony than bearing an untold story inside you.” – Maya Angelou There are times in all of our lives where we can use support. I recognize the decision to begin therapy can often be a difficult one. It’s hard to ask for help! I believe that therapy is a collaborative approach between the client and the therapist. My role as a therapist is to walk alongside you as you begin to explore your previous trauma, engage in self-exploration, and find true healing. I aim to provide a judgment free zone, where individuals can be their authentic selves.
I have worked with individuals who struggle with anxiety, depression, suicidal ideation, self-esteem issues, and trauma.
“There is no greater agony than bearing an untold story inside you.” – Maya Angelou There are times in all of our lives where we can use support. I recognize the decision to begin therapy can often be a difficult one. It’s hard to ask for help! I believe that therapy is a collaborative approach between the client and the therapist. My role as a therapist is to walk alongside you as you begin to explore your previous trauma, engage in self-exploration, and find true healing. I aim to provide a judgment free zone, where individuals can be their authentic selves.
(815) 446-3314 View (815) 446-3314
Photo of Farah E Anderson, Licensed Professional Counselor in Stephenson County, IL
Farah E Anderson
Licensed Professional Counselor, LCPC, NCC, NCSC
Verified Verified
East Moline, IL 61244
My experience has focused on anxiety, depression, adjustment issues and trauma.
Counseling allows individuals to better understand themselves and others, set personal goals, and work toward desired change. Counseling is a collaborative process that involves a confidential and professional relationship between client and therapist. We work objectively to clarify issues, gain insight into thoughts, feelings, behaviors, and to deal effectively with these obstacles in a healthy way.
My experience has focused on anxiety, depression, adjustment issues and trauma.
Counseling allows individuals to better understand themselves and others, set personal goals, and work toward desired change. Counseling is a collaborative process that involves a confidential and professional relationship between client and therapist. We work objectively to clarify issues, gain insight into thoughts, feelings, behaviors, and to deal effectively with these obstacles in a healthy way.
(309) 247-8110 View (309) 247-8110
Photo of Adam E Apostolovich, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Stephenson County, IL
Adam E Apostolovich
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Elmhurst, IL 60126
Through courses, training, and first hand experience I have helped individuals experiencing depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation, grief, behavioral issues, memory loss, and family conflict on both ends of the age spectrum.
I am honored to be a part of the process of you reaching out for guidance and help. If you are a parent of a struggling child or a caregiver to an elderly relative experiencing changes and decline, I hope that I can be of assistance. I believe in treating the individual as well as making sure to examine their system of support. While the bulk of the work I do is 1:1 with the patient, I am also available to be supportive to caregivers. I also put a strong emphasis on the relational part of the therapeutic process, as it is the key to communication and understanding.
Through courses, training, and first hand experience I have helped individuals experiencing depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation, grief, behavioral issues, memory loss, and family conflict on both ends of the age spectrum.
I am honored to be a part of the process of you reaching out for guidance and help. If you are a parent of a struggling child or a caregiver to an elderly relative experiencing changes and decline, I hope that I can be of assistance. I believe in treating the individual as well as making sure to examine their system of support. While the bulk of the work I do is 1:1 with the patient, I am also available to be supportive to caregivers. I also put a strong emphasis on the relational part of the therapeutic process, as it is the key to communication and understanding.
(331) 225-1055 View (331) 225-1055
Photo of Anays L Guzman, Counselor in Stephenson County, IL
Anays L Guzman
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Lombard, IL 60148
Welcome! I strongly believe that every person's internal world contains an inconceivable depth that can only be recognized through inner exploration. Symptoms of distress such as anxiety, panic, depression, anger/resentment, trauma & its associated narratives, can keep us feeling stuck and deprived from a fulfilling life. Through dual commitment in our time together, the goal is to go from any level of internal dysfunction to internal cohesion.
Welcome! I strongly believe that every person's internal world contains an inconceivable depth that can only be recognized through inner exploration. Symptoms of distress such as anxiety, panic, depression, anger/resentment, trauma & its associated narratives, can keep us feeling stuck and deprived from a fulfilling life. Through dual commitment in our time together, the goal is to go from any level of internal dysfunction to internal cohesion.
(331) 207-9030 View (331) 207-9030
Photo of Jennie Segilia, Pre-Licensed Professional in Stephenson County, IL
Jennie Segilia
Pre-Licensed Professional, MSW
Verified Verified
For the past 9 years, Jennie has been providing school-based counseling, offering support and counseling services within the educational setting to help children with their emotional and behavioral needs. Jennie has a wide range of expertise in working with children with specific conditions, such as Autism, ADHD, Generalized Anxiety Disorders, and Depression. She is well-versed in understanding and addressing the unique challenges these children may face.
For the past 9 years, Jennie has been providing school-based counseling, offering support and counseling services within the educational setting to help children with their emotional and behavioral needs. Jennie has a wide range of expertise in working with children with specific conditions, such as Autism, ADHD, Generalized Anxiety Disorders, and Depression. She is well-versed in understanding and addressing the unique challenges these children may face.
(224) 271-9283 View (224) 271-9283

See more therapy options for Stephenson County

Depression Therapists

What is the goal of therapy for depression?

Therapy for depression has several major goals. One is to relieve the mental pain of depression, which distorts feeling and thinking so that sufferers cannot see beyond their current state of mind or envision feeling better. Another is to give people the mental tools to recognize and correct the kinds of distorted thinking that turn a problem into a catastrophe and lead to despair. Therapy also teaches people how to process negative emotions in constructive ways, so they have more control over their own emotional reactivity. And it helps people regain the ability to see themselves positively, the motivation to do things, and the capacity for pleasure.

What happens in therapy for depression?

Perhaps most important, no matter the type of therapy, patients form an alliance with the therapist; that connection is therapeutic in itself, plus it becomes an instrument of change. Patients learn to identify and to challenge their own erroneous beliefs and thoughts that amplify the effects of negative experiences. They learn to identify situations in which they are especially vulnerable. And they learn new patterns of thinking and behaving. They may be given “homework” assignments in which they practice their developing skills. In addition, good therapists regularly monitor patients to assess whether and how much the condition is improving.

What therapy types help with depression?

Several types of short-term therapy have been found effective, each targeting one or more areas of dysfunction. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) helps clients challenge their negative thoughts and beliefs, learn new behavioral strategies, and curb reactivity to distressing situations. Behavioral activation (BA) is a form of therapy often used in conjunction with CBT; it focuses on engagement in rewarding activity as a pathway to changing negative feelings and disturbed mood. Another widely used approach is interpersonal therapy (IPT), which targets the social difficulties that both give rise to and get exacerbated by depression. Therapists may combine approaches as needed.

Can therapy for depression be done online?

Studies have found that online therapy can be highly effective for treating depression, although it may be more challenging to build a good therapist-patient alliance on screen than in person—at least at first. However, online therapy can offer considerable advantages. Accessibility and convenience are tops among them. Some people actually find it easier to talk about problems online than in person. While online therapy typically limits visibility of facial expression and body gestures that give important nonverbal cues to a patient’s state of mind, it can give therapists a glimpse into a patient’s world and life, providing information that can be highly useful in guiding therapy.

How effective is therapy for depression?

Many studies show that therapy is highly effective provided that patients complete the prescribed course of therapy, commonly 16 to 20 sessions. Over the long term, it is more effective than medication and the effects are more enduring. As a result, psychotherapy has the power not just to relieve current suffering but to prevent future episodes of the disorder. Therapy reverses the dysfunction in neural circuitry that disposes individuals to a negative view of themselves, the world, and their future and they acquire coping techniques, problem-solving skills, and understanding of their own vulnerabilities that are useful over the course of a lifetime.