Therapists in Southwest, Washington, DC

Photo of Jerome Hilliard, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jerome Hilliard
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Southwest, Washington, DC 20024  (Online Only)
The world can be full of chaos, judgement, perceptions, and subjectivity and with that, it creates emotional stress, anxiety, lack of motivation, unhealthy behavioral patterns, and negative thought processes. As a clinician, I want to create a safe space for you to self-discover, grow, and learn to become the best version of yourself.
The world can be full of chaos, judgement, perceptions, and subjectivity and with that, it creates emotional stress, anxiety, lack of motivation, unhealthy behavioral patterns, and negative thought processes. As a clinician, I want to create a safe space for you to self-discover, grow, and learn to become the best version of yourself.
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Photo of Serenity Rain, MSW, LGSW, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Serenity Rain
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LGSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Southwest, Washington, DC 20032  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Congratulations—-you love yourself enough to get the help you deserve! The stressors and stresses of everyday like can wear us down. From constantly being bombarded with the rings and dings from technological devices to the pressure to work harder and perform better, it can bring us to our breaking point or close to it. How can we operate at our most optimal level if we are overworked and burnt out? Anxiety and Depression comes from not feeling good enough for just being ourselves and trying to live up to society’s expectations.
Congratulations—-you love yourself enough to get the help you deserve! The stressors and stresses of everyday like can wear us down. From constantly being bombarded with the rings and dings from technological devices to the pressure to work harder and perform better, it can bring us to our breaking point or close to it. How can we operate at our most optimal level if we are overworked and burnt out? Anxiety and Depression comes from not feeling good enough for just being ourselves and trying to live up to society’s expectations.
(301) 965-6469 View (301) 965-6469
Photo of Jamilah Hakim, Pre-Licensed Professional
Jamilah Hakim
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Southwest, Washington, DC 20024
Hello, I am Jamilah. I am a Marriage and Family Therapist Intern. I understand the difficulties that life can present. My passion lies in supporting individuals, couples, and families as they navigate through life's challenges. I am dedicated to establishing a secure and nurturing space where clients can explore their emotions, develop effective communication skills, and cultivate resilient bonds within their relationships.
Hello, I am Jamilah. I am a Marriage and Family Therapist Intern. I understand the difficulties that life can present. My passion lies in supporting individuals, couples, and families as they navigate through life's challenges. I am dedicated to establishing a secure and nurturing space where clients can explore their emotions, develop effective communication skills, and cultivate resilient bonds within their relationships.
(844) 987-3097 View (844) 987-3097
Photo of Shereece Fraites, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Shereece Fraites
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Southwest, Washington, DC 20032  (Online Only)
You're likely facing significant life transitions or recovering from past traumas, feeling overwhelmed by anxiety or emotional turbulence. You need a safe space to express yourself and understand your emotions deeply. Your goals are to develop self-awareness, improve emotional regulation, and cultivate healthier relationships. You aspire to break negative patterns and build resilience against future challenges. Therapy can be your supportive tool, helping you unlock your potential and navigate obstacles. You're ready to engage, learn, and transform and I'm here for you each step of the way!
You're likely facing significant life transitions or recovering from past traumas, feeling overwhelmed by anxiety or emotional turbulence. You need a safe space to express yourself and understand your emotions deeply. Your goals are to develop self-awareness, improve emotional regulation, and cultivate healthier relationships. You aspire to break negative patterns and build resilience against future challenges. Therapy can be your supportive tool, helping you unlock your potential and navigate obstacles. You're ready to engage, learn, and transform and I'm here for you each step of the way!
(833) 753-1609 View (833) 753-1609
Photo of Alexander Young, PsyD, LP, LPC-S, Psychologist
Alexander Young
Psychologist, PsyD, LP, LPC-S
Verified Verified
Southwest, Washington, DC 20024  (Online Only)
Hello! I'm Dr. Young, a dedicated health psychologist deeply invested in behavioral medicine and health psychology. As an LPC-S and Licensed Psychologist in Texas, along with holding licenses in multiple states, I'm well-equipped to provide top-tier supervision for LPC-A's and Psychology trainees. My focus lies in empowering individuals managing chronic illnesses, HIV, and those within the LGBT community, as well as aiding individuals seeking to modify their health behaviors.
Hello! I'm Dr. Young, a dedicated health psychologist deeply invested in behavioral medicine and health psychology. As an LPC-S and Licensed Psychologist in Texas, along with holding licenses in multiple states, I'm well-equipped to provide top-tier supervision for LPC-A's and Psychology trainees. My focus lies in empowering individuals managing chronic illnesses, HIV, and those within the LGBT community, as well as aiding individuals seeking to modify their health behaviors.
(301) 381-1590 View (301) 381-1590
Photo of Blessing E. Dawson, MSW, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Blessing E. Dawson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Southwest, Washington, DC 20024  (Online Only)
I provide therapy to millennial individuals and couples, equipping them with tools they can use to reach their personal and relational goals. I help millennials heal from difficulties related to life transitions, conflicts in their relationships, stress management, interpersonal trauma, and so much more. In our work together, we can take a deeper look into what you need to feel more satisfied in life and happier in your relationships.
I provide therapy to millennial individuals and couples, equipping them with tools they can use to reach their personal and relational goals. I help millennials heal from difficulties related to life transitions, conflicts in their relationships, stress management, interpersonal trauma, and so much more. In our work together, we can take a deeper look into what you need to feel more satisfied in life and happier in your relationships.
(202) 630-3165 View (202) 630-3165
Photo of Halli Faulkner, JD, MAEd, YACEP, E-RYT
Halli Faulkner
JD, MAEd, YACEP, E-RYT
Verified Verified
Southwest, Washington, DC 20024  (Online Only)
I practice yoga therapy because it's focused, personalized, and individualized care. Yoga therapy is special because in addition to the intimate, insightful, in-depth conversations that are typical of traditional individual psychotherapy, the two of us can also move together, breath together, and create personalized meditations, all of which can accelerate and deepen your healing. The same sorts of problems that draw people to more traditional psychotherapy also bring people to yoga therapy - depression, anxiety, stress, relationship difficulties, disordered eating, and traumatic experiences, to name a few.
I practice yoga therapy because it's focused, personalized, and individualized care. Yoga therapy is special because in addition to the intimate, insightful, in-depth conversations that are typical of traditional individual psychotherapy, the two of us can also move together, breath together, and create personalized meditations, all of which can accelerate and deepen your healing. The same sorts of problems that draw people to more traditional psychotherapy also bring people to yoga therapy - depression, anxiety, stress, relationship difficulties, disordered eating, and traumatic experiences, to name a few.
(202) 875-6040 View (202) 875-6040
Photo of Jonathan J Ward, LCSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jonathan J Ward
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Southwest, Washington, DC 20024
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Washington, DC, and Virginia. I have over 16 years as a clinician. I specialize in working with individuals and couples to manage personal and environmental stressors, depression, anxiety, marital discord, and addiction. I also have extensive experience in working with individuals and families affected by a traumatic event. I received my Bachelor of Science degree in Health and Human Services from Cornell University and my Master’s in Social Work from Howard University.
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker in Washington, DC, and Virginia. I have over 16 years as a clinician. I specialize in working with individuals and couples to manage personal and environmental stressors, depression, anxiety, marital discord, and addiction. I also have extensive experience in working with individuals and families affected by a traumatic event. I received my Bachelor of Science degree in Health and Human Services from Cornell University and my Master’s in Social Work from Howard University.
(571) 200-3966 View (571) 200-3966
Photo of Miah Hurst, Licensed Professional Counselor
Miah Hurst
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Southwest, Washington, DC 20032  (Online Only)
Hi! I am a Licensed Professional Counselor serving residents in DC and Maryland. I received my training from the University of Pennsylvania and have 6 years of experience affording me the privilege of working with brave individuals like yourself. In our world, we constantly interact with others, yet let's be honest, relationshipping in any capacity is one of the toughest jobs.
Hi! I am a Licensed Professional Counselor serving residents in DC and Maryland. I received my training from the University of Pennsylvania and have 6 years of experience affording me the privilege of working with brave individuals like yourself. In our world, we constantly interact with others, yet let's be honest, relationshipping in any capacity is one of the toughest jobs.
(866) 738-3081 View (866) 738-3081
Photo of Dr. Britt Lindon: Individual And Couples Counselor, PhD, Anxiety, Couples, Trauma, Psychologist
Dr. Britt Lindon: Individual And Couples Counselor
Psychologist, PhD, Anxiety, Couples, Trauma
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Southwest, Washington, DC 20024
Modern relationships are HARD. It’s a struggle to find the right person OR to wonder if your current partner is possibly the wrong person. It’s tough when you feel burned by or totally confused about your path. Maybe you’ve even made choices or overlooked things you now regret. Or, maybe it’s a relationship with a boss or coworkers who undervalue you or play favorites with others. Your work ethic and good ideas have long taken a backseat to putting out fires or just avoiding things way more than you should. You’re past thinking that life’s fair. But, you never thought that things could go THIS wrong or get under your skin THIS much.
Modern relationships are HARD. It’s a struggle to find the right person OR to wonder if your current partner is possibly the wrong person. It’s tough when you feel burned by or totally confused about your path. Maybe you’ve even made choices or overlooked things you now regret. Or, maybe it’s a relationship with a boss or coworkers who undervalue you or play favorites with others. Your work ethic and good ideas have long taken a backseat to putting out fires or just avoiding things way more than you should. You’re past thinking that life’s fair. But, you never thought that things could go THIS wrong or get under your skin THIS much.
(202) 915-1388 View (202) 915-1388
Photo of Renelle Wolff, LICSW, LCSW, PMH-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Renelle Wolff
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LCSW, PMH-C
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Southwest, Washington, DC 20009  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
You look good on paper, you've got the dream career, in your single era or new relationship, newlywed or maybe you're a new parent to the cutest baby ever. Are you looking to explore and process worries and anxieties like "am I good enough?", "do I even know what I am doing?". Maybe you pull your hair, pick your cuticles, have scary thoughts or appear perfect and fall apart once you're home. Together we can find practical tools and solutions so you can have a more peaceful life. Sessions are comfortable like talking to a friend yet provide you the evidence based support you need to make forward progress you want.
You look good on paper, you've got the dream career, in your single era or new relationship, newlywed or maybe you're a new parent to the cutest baby ever. Are you looking to explore and process worries and anxieties like "am I good enough?", "do I even know what I am doing?". Maybe you pull your hair, pick your cuticles, have scary thoughts or appear perfect and fall apart once you're home. Together we can find practical tools and solutions so you can have a more peaceful life. Sessions are comfortable like talking to a friend yet provide you the evidence based support you need to make forward progress you want.
(202) 849-9421 View (202) 849-9421
Photo of Tonya Ridley - Time For Change, LPC , CRC, CWIC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Time For Change
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC , CRC, CWIC
Verified Verified
Southwest, Washington, DC 20032
Time For Change is an agency that caters to the at-risk youth and adults whom may have experienced trauma or have suffered in a mental health capacity to change behaviors successfully. Time For Change's ideal clients ranges from 18-65. These individuals ideally can be suffering in landing, keeping and maintain employment for the benefits of career establishment. These individuals can be navigating career paths in the midst of going through a psychological set back. Time For Change offers one or one therapy services with navigation of career experiences, which may be constantly affected if not dealt with through therapy.
Time For Change is an agency that caters to the at-risk youth and adults whom may have experienced trauma or have suffered in a mental health capacity to change behaviors successfully. Time For Change's ideal clients ranges from 18-65. These individuals ideally can be suffering in landing, keeping and maintain employment for the benefits of career establishment. These individuals can be navigating career paths in the midst of going through a psychological set back. Time For Change offers one or one therapy services with navigation of career experiences, which may be constantly affected if not dealt with through therapy.
(202) 856-9818 View (202) 856-9818
Photo of Jenni Coppola, LPC, LMHC, Counselor
Jenni Coppola
Counselor, LPC, LMHC
Verified Verified
Southwest, Washington, DC 20024  (Online Only)
I am licensed in DC with 20 years of professional work experience. I have been helping clients with anxiety, motivation, confidence, depression and career difficulties. I also have experience working with coping with life changes. I believe that you are the expert of your story and that you have many strengths that will assist you in overcoming challenges. It takes courage to seek out a more fulfilling life and to take the first steps towards a change. I am here to support that change. “When we are no longer able to change a situation, we are challenged to change ourselves.”
I am licensed in DC with 20 years of professional work experience. I have been helping clients with anxiety, motivation, confidence, depression and career difficulties. I also have experience working with coping with life changes. I believe that you are the expert of your story and that you have many strengths that will assist you in overcoming challenges. It takes courage to seek out a more fulfilling life and to take the first steps towards a change. I am here to support that change. “When we are no longer able to change a situation, we are challenged to change ourselves.”
(202) 919-7327 View (202) 919-7327
Photo of Patricia Ortez Aparicio, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Patricia Ortez Aparicio
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Southwest, Washington, DC 20250  (Online Only)
My name is Patricia Ortez Aparicio a bilingual (Spanish/English) therapist at Hola Counseling Services, LLC. I have my masters in Mental Health Counseling. I'm currently Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Maryland, Licensed Professional Counselor in Washington DC, Mental Health Counselor in Hawaii.
My name is Patricia Ortez Aparicio a bilingual (Spanish/English) therapist at Hola Counseling Services, LLC. I have my masters in Mental Health Counseling. I'm currently Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Maryland, Licensed Professional Counselor in Washington DC, Mental Health Counselor in Hawaii.
(877) 506-6572 View (877) 506-6572
Photo of Jacqueline Ellis, LICSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jacqueline Ellis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Southwest, Washington, DC 20032  (Online Only)
I work with individuals living with depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, trauma related concerns, anger, relationship conflict, and stage-of-life issues. I strive to create a safe and comfortable environment where we can work together to identify the problem issues and reasonable solutions. I am here to support you.
I work with individuals living with depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, trauma related concerns, anger, relationship conflict, and stage-of-life issues. I strive to create a safe and comfortable environment where we can work together to identify the problem issues and reasonable solutions. I am here to support you.
(844) 927-2308 View (844) 927-2308
Photo of Rose R Shelton, PhD, NCC, LPC, LCPC, CAADC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Rose R Shelton
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, NCC, LPC, LCPC, CAADC
Verified Verified
Southwest, Washington, DC 20024  (Online Only)
Whether you want to talk, are looking for support through difficult times, or looking to make real change in your life, we can work together to achieve dreams, meet goals and rise above the ashes. Using my background as a mental health therapist, a certified addictions counselor, and specializations in spirituality, grief, multiculturalism, and hypnosis, I am sure we can find a way to work together toward your goal of well-being.
Whether you want to talk, are looking for support through difficult times, or looking to make real change in your life, we can work together to achieve dreams, meet goals and rise above the ashes. Using my background as a mental health therapist, a certified addictions counselor, and specializations in spirituality, grief, multiculturalism, and hypnosis, I am sure we can find a way to work together toward your goal of well-being.
(202) 919-8281 View (202) 919-8281
Photo of Anthony Koch, PsyD, LCP, Psychologist
Anthony Koch
Psychologist, PsyD, LCP
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Southwest, Washington, DC 20024  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
For over ten years, I've had the privilege to work alongside children, families, college students, adults, and couples in the difficult journey of life. I have found a passion for working with emerging adults, the LGBTQ+ community, those suffering from relationship concerns, and the everyday struggle of anxiety and depression. As a psychotherapist, my hope is to offer a therapeutic relationship to explore your present concerns, unpack the past, and envision the future.
For over ten years, I've had the privilege to work alongside children, families, college students, adults, and couples in the difficult journey of life. I have found a passion for working with emerging adults, the LGBTQ+ community, those suffering from relationship concerns, and the everyday struggle of anxiety and depression. As a psychotherapist, my hope is to offer a therapeutic relationship to explore your present concerns, unpack the past, and envision the future.
(703) 596-3817 View (703) 596-3817
Photo of Amarachi Onyima, MS, LCPC, LPC, NCC, Counselor
Amarachi Onyima
Counselor, MS, LCPC, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Southwest, Washington, DC 20024  (Online Only)
Are you a black professional feeling overwhelmed by workplace stress? If so, I'm here to help. I understand the unique stressors that black professionals face in the workplace and the toll it can take on your mental health. My goal is to provide a safe and supportive space where you can explore your experiences and develop effective coping strategies. Together, we'll work to identify the root causes of your stress, including issues related to race, discrimination, and microaggressions. We'll also explore how your personal beliefs and values may be impacting your work experience.
Are you a black professional feeling overwhelmed by workplace stress? If so, I'm here to help. I understand the unique stressors that black professionals face in the workplace and the toll it can take on your mental health. My goal is to provide a safe and supportive space where you can explore your experiences and develop effective coping strategies. Together, we'll work to identify the root causes of your stress, including issues related to race, discrimination, and microaggressions. We'll also explore how your personal beliefs and values may be impacting your work experience.
(301) 205-5046 View (301) 205-5046
Photo of Dr. Miranda Denison, PhD, HSP, Psychologist
Dr. Miranda Denison
Psychologist, PhD, HSP
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Southwest, Washington, DC 20032  (Online Only)
You're someone who feels overwhelmed, stressed, and irritable, and I can help by providing you with practical tools and strategies to break free from the cycle of stress and find more balance and fulfillment in your daily life. Our sessions will be focused on you, your goals, and the changes you want to see. Because of that, you might find my approach interactive; I'm not just here to listen. Together, we'll create a personalized plan that supports your mental well-being, empowers you to navigate life with a greater sense of peace, clarity, and resilience, and helps you achieve your personal and professional goals.
You're someone who feels overwhelmed, stressed, and irritable, and I can help by providing you with practical tools and strategies to break free from the cycle of stress and find more balance and fulfillment in your daily life. Our sessions will be focused on you, your goals, and the changes you want to see. Because of that, you might find my approach interactive; I'm not just here to listen. Together, we'll create a personalized plan that supports your mental well-being, empowers you to navigate life with a greater sense of peace, clarity, and resilience, and helps you achieve your personal and professional goals.
(816) 370-6257 View (816) 370-6257
Photo of Jewna Ehlke, Licensed Professional Counselor
Jewna Ehlke
Licensed Professional Counselor
Verified Verified
Southwest, Washington, DC 20032  (Online Only)
I am a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor who was born and raised in Washington DC. I attended and graduated from the University of Washington DC with a Bachelor of Arts in History, and a Masters of Science in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Walden University; a Council for Accreditation of Counseling & Related Educational Programs approved school. I enjoy working with adults of all nationalities.
I am a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor who was born and raised in Washington DC. I attended and graduated from the University of Washington DC with a Bachelor of Arts in History, and a Masters of Science in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Walden University; a Council for Accreditation of Counseling & Related Educational Programs approved school. I enjoy working with adults of all nationalities.
(866) 738-3081 View (866) 738-3081
1

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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Southwest, Washington, DC

50+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Southwest, Washington, DC who prioritize treating:

96% Anxiety
81% Depression
81% Life Transitions
70% Relationship Issues
70% Trauma and PTSD
70% Stress
67% Self Esteem

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

87% Cigna and Evernorth
82% Aetna
82% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Southwest, Washington, DC see their clients

68% Online Only
32% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

80% Female
20% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Southwest, Washington?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.