Therapists in Brookland, Washington, DC

Photo of Tifphane Riley, MFT, PhD
Tifphane Riley
Verified Verified
Brookland, Washington, DC 20017
I am a Couple, Family and Sex Therapist specializing in Gender Identity, Sexual Identity, Low Sexual Desire and Mood disorders . I have over 15 years of experience providing individual, couple, group and family psychotherapy. As a social justice driven therapist, I have expertise in working with the LGBTQ community, Heterosexual couples, non-monagamous individuals/couples, communities of color, health issues,grief & loss, trauma survivors, and couples dealing with a variety of issues from infidelity to sexual dysfunction.
I am a Couple, Family and Sex Therapist specializing in Gender Identity, Sexual Identity, Low Sexual Desire and Mood disorders . I have over 15 years of experience providing individual, couple, group and family psychotherapy. As a social justice driven therapist, I have expertise in working with the LGBTQ community, Heterosexual couples, non-monagamous individuals/couples, communities of color, health issues,grief & loss, trauma survivors, and couples dealing with a variety of issues from infidelity to sexual dysfunction.
(877) 850-6431 View (877) 850-6431
Photo of Elizabeth Bowman McLaughlin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LCSW-C, PhD
Elizabeth Bowman McLaughlin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LCSW-C, PhD
2 Endorsed
Brookland, Washington, DC 20018
My clinical approach is rooted in the belief that every individual is unique and requires a personalized therapeutic experience. I am passionate about tailoring my interventions to meet the distinctive needs of my clients, recognizing that a one-size-fits-all approach is not effective in addressing the complexities of their lives. I specialize in working with both adolescents and adults navigating high-stress environments and life transitions.
My clinical approach is rooted in the belief that every individual is unique and requires a personalized therapeutic experience. I am passionate about tailoring my interventions to meet the distinctive needs of my clients, recognizing that a one-size-fits-all approach is not effective in addressing the complexities of their lives. I specialize in working with both adolescents and adults navigating high-stress environments and life transitions.
(202) 946-4017 View (202) 946-4017
Photo of Joy Petway - Achieving Joy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C, LICSW
Achieving Joy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C, LICSW
Brookland, Washington, DC 20017
Achieving Joy's counseling boutique is created to improve the emotional, mental, and spiritual wellness of the LGBTQ community. Our counselor's are diverse, licensed and are active participants within the community. We provide a safe space for individuals and couples to explore monogamous and non-monogamous relationships, complete pre-marital counseling, and create action steps to reach your life goals. We also provide group counseling, workshops, and annual conferences. Our purpose is to help you create a plan of action to achieve your joy.
Achieving Joy's counseling boutique is created to improve the emotional, mental, and spiritual wellness of the LGBTQ community. Our counselor's are diverse, licensed and are active participants within the community. We provide a safe space for individuals and couples to explore monogamous and non-monogamous relationships, complete pre-marital counseling, and create action steps to reach your life goals. We also provide group counseling, workshops, and annual conferences. Our purpose is to help you create a plan of action to achieve your joy.
(301) 691-3874 View (301) 691-3874
Photo of Kim D Halback, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Kim D Halback
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Serves Area
Halback & Associates is dedicated to providing effective and affordable therapuetic services to anyone having difficulty adjusting to life's obstacles. I provide services to individuals and families ages 4 to 100.
Halback & Associates is dedicated to providing effective and affordable therapuetic services to anyone having difficulty adjusting to life's obstacles. I provide services to individuals and families ages 4 to 100.
(202) 733-6662 View (202) 733-6662
Photo of Monica Hammock, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LCSW-C
Monica Hammock
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LCSW-C
Serves Area
Recognizing that each client is a unique and creative individual who deserves the opportunity to be happy, successful, and fulfilled, I offer a caring and nurturing therapeutic approach. Serving the Washington, D.C. area, my clinical practice is grounded in a strengths-based perspective that empowers individuals by drawing on their personal assets to support recovery and growth. My approach fosters hope by exploring previous successes and using them as building blocks for meaningful change. By integrating neurofeedback, my clinical services aim to deepen insight, create learning opportunities, and support well-being.
Recognizing that each client is a unique and creative individual who deserves the opportunity to be happy, successful, and fulfilled, I offer a caring and nurturing therapeutic approach. Serving the Washington, D.C. area, my clinical practice is grounded in a strengths-based perspective that empowers individuals by drawing on their personal assets to support recovery and growth. My approach fosters hope by exploring previous successes and using them as building blocks for meaningful change. By integrating neurofeedback, my clinical services aim to deepen insight, create learning opportunities, and support well-being.
(202) 759-8307 View (202) 759-8307
Photo of Christine D. Williams - Livin' the Light Behavioral Health, Counselor, LCPC
Livin' the Light Behavioral Health
Counselor, LCPC
Serves Area
I am skilled at helping individuals and families identify the sources of their emotional distress, and to heal through the art of understanding how their thoughts and feelings impact their behaviors.
I am skilled at helping individuals and families identify the sources of their emotional distress, and to heal through the art of understanding how their thoughts and feelings impact their behaviors.
(301) 684-6201 View (301) 684-6201
Photo of Glynita Bell, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Glynita Bell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Serves Area
Life can feel overwhelming, and whether you’re navigating anxiety, depression, trauma, work stress, or major life transitions, you don’t have to do it alone. I specialize in helping adults, children, young professionals, and high-achieving individuals who are struggling with stress, burnout, and emotional challenges find clarity, healing, and balance. My approach is warm, compassionate, and holistic—integrating evidence-based therapy with mindfulness, self-care strategies, and practical tools to help you regain control and thrive.
Life can feel overwhelming, and whether you’re navigating anxiety, depression, trauma, work stress, or major life transitions, you don’t have to do it alone. I specialize in helping adults, children, young professionals, and high-achieving individuals who are struggling with stress, burnout, and emotional challenges find clarity, healing, and balance. My approach is warm, compassionate, and holistic—integrating evidence-based therapy with mindfulness, self-care strategies, and practical tools to help you regain control and thrive.
(202) 417-3890 View (202) 417-3890
Photo of Debra Nygaard, Psychologist, PhD
Debra Nygaard
Psychologist, PhD
Serves Area
I am an experienced clinical psychologist with a PhD from UNC, a Masters degree in child/human development from Harvard. and past experience in the education field. In 25 years of clinical work, I've collaborated with a wide range of individuals and families in their efforts to make positive changes or adjust to life transitions, losses, and trauma. My services are tailored to the specific needs of clients and involve assessment, joint development of goals and plans, and use of best practice approaches to achieve their goals. I provide individual, couples, and family therapy as well as parent consultation.
I am an experienced clinical psychologist with a PhD from UNC, a Masters degree in child/human development from Harvard. and past experience in the education field. In 25 years of clinical work, I've collaborated with a wide range of individuals and families in their efforts to make positive changes or adjust to life transitions, losses, and trauma. My services are tailored to the specific needs of clients and involve assessment, joint development of goals and plans, and use of best practice approaches to achieve their goals. I provide individual, couples, and family therapy as well as parent consultation.
(202) 733-6585 View (202) 733-6585
Photo of Latia Taliaferro - Thriveworks Counseling &Psychiatry Washington,D.C., Marriage & Family Therapist
Thriveworks Counseling &Psychiatry Washington,D.C.
Marriage & Family Therapist
Serves Area
At Thriveworks, we're dedicated to providing top-tier mental health services that are easily accessible to everyone. With over 340 locations nationwide and flexible online therapy options, our professional therapists are equipped to assist you through any stress, life transitions, or ongoing mental health concerns. We prioritize your convenience and needs by offering flexible scheduling, including evening and weekend appointments, ensuring that you can start your therapy journey as early as this week. Plus, we accept most major insurance plans, making your path to mental health support smoother and more affordable.
At Thriveworks, we're dedicated to providing top-tier mental health services that are easily accessible to everyone. With over 340 locations nationwide and flexible online therapy options, our professional therapists are equipped to assist you through any stress, life transitions, or ongoing mental health concerns. We prioritize your convenience and needs by offering flexible scheduling, including evening and weekend appointments, ensuring that you can start your therapy journey as early as this week. Plus, we accept most major insurance plans, making your path to mental health support smoother and more affordable.
(855) 524-5193 View (855) 524-5193
Photo of Lisa Young - Let's Fly Counseling Services, LLC, Counselor, LCPC, LPC
Let's Fly Counseling Services, LLC
Counselor, LCPC, LPC
Serves Area
As a licensed therapist, my goal is to provide individual psychotherapy to clients struggling with emotional and behavioral challenges in their lives such as anxiety, depression, stress and relationship conflicts.
As a licensed therapist, my goal is to provide individual psychotherapy to clients struggling with emotional and behavioral challenges in their lives such as anxiety, depression, stress and relationship conflicts.
(301) 701-2420 View (301) 701-2420
Photo of Nicole Moore, Psychologist, PsyD
Nicole Moore
Psychologist, PsyD
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
Welcome! I am a Licensed Clinical Psychologist who believes that everyone possesses the strengths and resources to overcome life’s challenges- even if sometimes we need a little assistance. I view seeking help as a sign of great strength. My role as a therapist is to help you better know and understand yourself. We will use this insight to build upon your innate abilities and strengths to understand obstacles, overcome challenges, and pave a way forward. I work with a Service Dog, Finn, who provides a gentle, loving presence that can be very comforting, anxiety reducing, and uplifting in sessions.
Welcome! I am a Licensed Clinical Psychologist who believes that everyone possesses the strengths and resources to overcome life’s challenges- even if sometimes we need a little assistance. I view seeking help as a sign of great strength. My role as a therapist is to help you better know and understand yourself. We will use this insight to build upon your innate abilities and strengths to understand obstacles, overcome challenges, and pave a way forward. I work with a Service Dog, Finn, who provides a gentle, loving presence that can be very comforting, anxiety reducing, and uplifting in sessions.
(202) 915-5676 View (202) 915-5676
Photo of Laura J Winton, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW, LCSW-C
Laura J Winton
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW, LCSW-C
Serves Area
"Lives, hopes and dreams can be actualized." My approach is open minded and non-judgmental, embracing individuality and strength while assisting the development of understanding and acceptance. In my 33 years of experience providing psychotherapy, I have developed expertise in individualized treatment of anxiety, depression, mood disorders, substance use and trauma. I utilize Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Dialectic Behavioral Therapy. Working with young adults and adults, I offer individualized specialized therapy. Treatment offered targets understanding and management of emotions, surviving and managing crisis, being present and mindful, interpersonal effectiveness, and learning to think and behave in ways that enhance life and building a better future.
"Lives, hopes and dreams can be actualized." My approach is open minded and non-judgmental, embracing individuality and strength while assisting the development of understanding and acceptance. In my 33 years of experience providing psychotherapy, I have developed expertise in individualized treatment of anxiety, depression, mood disorders, substance use and trauma. I utilize Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Dialectic Behavioral Therapy. Working with young adults and adults, I offer individualized specialized therapy. Treatment offered targets understanding and management of emotions, surviving and managing crisis, being present and mindful, interpersonal effectiveness, and learning to think and behave in ways that enhance life and building a better future.
(301) 804-2287 View (301) 804-2287
Photo of Glennon T. Gordon - Glennon Gordon, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Glennon Gordon
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
1 Endorsed
Serves Area
I am passionate about the work I do to assist individuals and couples to become the best versions of themselves. After 20 plus years, I believe difficult relationships can become better, I believe people who are feeling stuck can achieve forward momentum, and I believe learning and gaining knowledge about human behavior can improve self worth and improve all important relationships. With my extensive knowledge about the brain, I love teaching people to achieve sustainable change, and develop an in depth understanding of themselves that assists them in becoming happier and more productive.
I am passionate about the work I do to assist individuals and couples to become the best versions of themselves. After 20 plus years, I believe difficult relationships can become better, I believe people who are feeling stuck can achieve forward momentum, and I believe learning and gaining knowledge about human behavior can improve self worth and improve all important relationships. With my extensive knowledge about the brain, I love teaching people to achieve sustainable change, and develop an in depth understanding of themselves that assists them in becoming happier and more productive.
(301) 476-5938 View (301) 476-5938
Photo of Kris O'Shee - Kris O'Shee, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor, MFA, MA, LPC
Kris O'Shee, LPC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MFA, MA, LPC
Serves Area
I think of therapy as a way of freeing ourselves from the obstacles which prevent us from moving forward in our lives. Frequently these obstacles present themselves to us in the challenges of the outer world--in problems at work, in difficult relationships, in adapting to life changes, or in the sudden impact of a traumatic event. And sometimes what stands in the way of our freedom and happiness lies within us, as negative thought patterns, conflicting or confusing emotions, and unexpressed feelings--all of which can result in depression, anxiety, chronic illness, low self esteem--burdens we often carry alone.
I think of therapy as a way of freeing ourselves from the obstacles which prevent us from moving forward in our lives. Frequently these obstacles present themselves to us in the challenges of the outer world--in problems at work, in difficult relationships, in adapting to life changes, or in the sudden impact of a traumatic event. And sometimes what stands in the way of our freedom and happiness lies within us, as negative thought patterns, conflicting or confusing emotions, and unexpressed feelings--all of which can result in depression, anxiety, chronic illness, low self esteem--burdens we often carry alone.
(202) 213-5505 View (202) 213-5505
Photo of Mary Eccles, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW, PhD
Mary Eccles
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW, PhD
Serves Area
I work primarily with young adults, adults, and couples who experience difficulties in relationships or struggle with anxiety, depression, trauma, self-esteem, infidelity, infertility, pregnancy loss, or physical illness. Transitions at various times in life can become overwhelming. I am interested in helping people find their way forward, often identifying aspirations and choices which may be difficult to recognize when they are feeling worried or alone. In my private practice, psychotherapy sessions will usually be on a weekly basis.
I work primarily with young adults, adults, and couples who experience difficulties in relationships or struggle with anxiety, depression, trauma, self-esteem, infidelity, infertility, pregnancy loss, or physical illness. Transitions at various times in life can become overwhelming. I am interested in helping people find their way forward, often identifying aspirations and choices which may be difficult to recognize when they are feeling worried or alone. In my private practice, psychotherapy sessions will usually be on a weekly basis.
(240) 348-6273 View (240) 348-6273
Photo of David A. Heilman, Psychologist, PsyD
David A. Heilman
Psychologist, PsyD
25 Endorsed
Brookland, Washington, DC 20017
Waitlist for new clients
One of the hardest parts of starting therapy is finding a therapist that feels like a good fit for you, and I hope to join you in your journey toward greater self-understanding, compassion, and insight. Many people come to therapy after experiencing emotional distress that has led them to feel overwhelmed and as though they have lost direction in, and control of, their life. In a safe and non-judgmental space, I work collaboratively with my clients to explore ways in which they can effectively regain a sense of empowerment, meaning, and control in their lives.
One of the hardest parts of starting therapy is finding a therapist that feels like a good fit for you, and I hope to join you in your journey toward greater self-understanding, compassion, and insight. Many people come to therapy after experiencing emotional distress that has led them to feel overwhelmed and as though they have lost direction in, and control of, their life. In a safe and non-judgmental space, I work collaboratively with my clients to explore ways in which they can effectively regain a sense of empowerment, meaning, and control in their lives.
(202) 831-7813 View (202) 831-7813
Photo of Nancy Sharpe, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW-C, LICSW
Nancy Sharpe
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW-C, LICSW
3 Endorsed
Serves Area
Waitlist for new clients
E-mail is the best way to contact me! Seeking support is a courageous act of self-love. I would love to explore the possibility of working together. Clients often come in with symptoms of depression and anxiety and feel disconnected from themselves and others. My hope is to build a trusting relationship where you can explore the emotional obstacles that are preventing you from reaching your goals, and to help you identify the underlying emotions motivating behaviors such as hurt, sadness, fear, loss, and loneliness. My clients report feeling listened to, understood, and empowered.
E-mail is the best way to contact me! Seeking support is a courageous act of self-love. I would love to explore the possibility of working together. Clients often come in with symptoms of depression and anxiety and feel disconnected from themselves and others. My hope is to build a trusting relationship where you can explore the emotional obstacles that are preventing you from reaching your goals, and to help you identify the underlying emotions motivating behaviors such as hurt, sadness, fear, loss, and loneliness. My clients report feeling listened to, understood, and empowered.
(240) 245-2761 View (240) 245-2761
Photo of Shalin Carter, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, LCPC, NCC
Shalin Carter
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, LCPC, NCC
6 Endorsed
Serves Area
Waitlist for new clients
Make peace with your thoughts and emotions, silence your inner critic and experience real joy. Have peace and understanding in your relationships, learn to communicate in ways that facilitate connection and lessen conflict. Find clarity in your purpose and uncover what has been holding you back, keeping you feeling stuck; end feelings of unworthiness and shame. Maximize your potential and express yourself authentically. My name is Shalin Carter, I am a Licensed Professional Counselor and these are the things I want to help you with.
Make peace with your thoughts and emotions, silence your inner critic and experience real joy. Have peace and understanding in your relationships, learn to communicate in ways that facilitate connection and lessen conflict. Find clarity in your purpose and uncover what has been holding you back, keeping you feeling stuck; end feelings of unworthiness and shame. Maximize your potential and express yourself authentically. My name is Shalin Carter, I am a Licensed Professional Counselor and these are the things I want to help you with.
(202) 831-3361 View (202) 831-3361
Photo of Valerie A Noblin, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Valerie A Noblin
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Online Only
One thing that I feel most accomplished about is being able to effectively “hold a space” for my clients who are in the midst of personal transitions that are affecting their mood and behavior. Often times, individuals are seeking security, acceptance and validation to delve into their innermost thoughts and feelings in an attempt to understand the "how and why" of particular circumstances. Our emotional wounds have a story to tell, lessons to convey. Therapy provides an opportunity to "hear, feel and see" our experiences in a way that guides us to discover meaning, purpose and ways to integrate the insights gained.
One thing that I feel most accomplished about is being able to effectively “hold a space” for my clients who are in the midst of personal transitions that are affecting their mood and behavior. Often times, individuals are seeking security, acceptance and validation to delve into their innermost thoughts and feelings in an attempt to understand the "how and why" of particular circumstances. Our emotional wounds have a story to tell, lessons to convey. Therapy provides an opportunity to "hear, feel and see" our experiences in a way that guides us to discover meaning, purpose and ways to integrate the insights gained.
(855) 862-2392 View (855) 862-2392
Photo of Sherith Wilkins - Sherith Wilkins, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Sherith Wilkins
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Online Only
Hello and welcome. Burdened by thoughts and emotions, having difficulty focusing or completing tasks, feeling overwhelmed, anxious or hopeless; therapy can help. The journey to improved mental health and inner peace should not be taken alone. Through therapy, I seek to assist in identifying the root of distress and develop improved methods of coping to enhance the overall quality of life of my clients. Whether it's Depression, Anxiety, ADHD or daily life stressors i.e relationships, parenting or work environment, I can help.
Hello and welcome. Burdened by thoughts and emotions, having difficulty focusing or completing tasks, feeling overwhelmed, anxious or hopeless; therapy can help. The journey to improved mental health and inner peace should not be taken alone. Through therapy, I seek to assist in identifying the root of distress and develop improved methods of coping to enhance the overall quality of life of my clients. Whether it's Depression, Anxiety, ADHD or daily life stressors i.e relationships, parenting or work environment, I can help.
(202) 952-8897 View (202) 952-8897

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Brookland, Washington, DC

50+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Brookland, Washington, DC who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
86% Depression
73% Trauma and PTSD
71% Relationship Issues
69% Stress
59% Grief
57% Family Conflict

Average years in practice

17 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

79% CareFirst
77% Aetna
77% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Brookland, Washington, DC see their clients

63% Online Only
37% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

85% Female
15% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Brookland, Washington?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.