Therapists in Ridgewood, NJ

Photo of Julie B Stewart, Psychologist in Ridgewood, NJ
Julie B Stewart
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
Having had a diversity of experiences allows me a unique ability to approach helping others. I provide neuropsychological assessment as well as a variety of treatment services, using an mix of various orientations and modalities. I understand how cognitive and emotional difficulties can impact not just school/work functioning but also personal relationships and family life. I appreciate that parents and families can play an important role in treatment and include them when appropriate. I work with a variety of emotional and neurological issues with the ultimate goal of helping my clients get the most they can from their lives.
Having had a diversity of experiences allows me a unique ability to approach helping others. I provide neuropsychological assessment as well as a variety of treatment services, using an mix of various orientations and modalities. I understand how cognitive and emotional difficulties can impact not just school/work functioning but also personal relationships and family life. I appreciate that parents and families can play an important role in treatment and include them when appropriate. I work with a variety of emotional and neurological issues with the ultimate goal of helping my clients get the most they can from their lives.
(347) 797-5977 View (347) 797-5977
Photo of Marjorie Swain Bernstein, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ridgewood, NJ
Marjorie Swain Bernstein
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Ridgewood, NJ 07450  (Online Only)
You may be feeling overwhelmed, exhausted, confused, burdened and/or uncertain. Together we can deconstruct and examine the contributing factors toward a better understanding of yourself and the way forward.
You may be feeling overwhelmed, exhausted, confused, burdened and/or uncertain. Together we can deconstruct and examine the contributing factors toward a better understanding of yourself and the way forward.
(201) 258-3009 View (201) 258-3009
Photo of Unity Counseling LLC: Couples, Adults, Youth, Licensed Professional Counselor in Ridgewood, NJ
Unity Counseling LLC: Couples, Adults, Youth
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
I am an experienced therapist specializing in individual and couples work. I am also a certified school psychologist working with kids 8+. For adult individuals, I use CBT and a family systems lens to help clients reduce anxiety and stress, gain clarity, and make decisions. With couples, I use Gottman Method Couples Counseling to target relationship challenges and build better communication skills. With children, I draw on my school psychology training to reduce problem behaviors and improve family connection. See my calendar and request appointments here: https:/www.UnityCounselingNJ.com
I am an experienced therapist specializing in individual and couples work. I am also a certified school psychologist working with kids 8+. For adult individuals, I use CBT and a family systems lens to help clients reduce anxiety and stress, gain clarity, and make decisions. With couples, I use Gottman Method Couples Counseling to target relationship challenges and build better communication skills. With children, I draw on my school psychology training to reduce problem behaviors and improve family connection. See my calendar and request appointments here: https:/www.UnityCounselingNJ.com
(201) 272-1616 View (201) 272-1616
Photo of Kristen Forman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ridgewood, NJ
Kristen Forman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
I am a warm and empathetic therapist, who has many years of experience working with people who have struggled with disordered eating. This can include Binge Eating Disorder, Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, and generalized disordered eating. I work with teens and adults in both individual sessions as well as groups specific to eating disorders.
I am a warm and empathetic therapist, who has many years of experience working with people who have struggled with disordered eating. This can include Binge Eating Disorder, Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, and generalized disordered eating. I work with teens and adults in both individual sessions as well as groups specific to eating disorders.
(551) 291-2056 View (551) 291-2056
Photo of Crossroads Counseling & Psychotherapy, LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ridgewood, NJ
Crossroads Counseling & Psychotherapy, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LCADC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
I approach you as a client, with the perspective that we will be working together as a "team" to identify what is holding you back from your goals in life. I help you explore all options regarding your issues, and ultimately, YOU will decide what the best path is to take in your life.
I approach you as a client, with the perspective that we will be working together as a "team" to identify what is holding you back from your goals in life. I help you explore all options regarding your issues, and ultimately, YOU will decide what the best path is to take in your life.
(551) 295-8229 View (551) 295-8229
Photo of Blue Skies Ahead Therapy, LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ridgewood, NJ
Blue Skies Ahead Therapy, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
Jaclyn O'Callaghan at Blue Skies Ahead is here to support you in your journey to clearer skies ahead. I believe reflecting on the past helps us heal, however, instilling a positive mindset moves us one step closer to mental wellness. Together we will create realistic and achievable goals using a person-centered and problem solving approach, CBT, play therapy for children and a variety of other therapeutic techniques. Whether supporting a child or adult, I am interactive, personable, charismatic empathetic and passionate.
Jaclyn O'Callaghan at Blue Skies Ahead is here to support you in your journey to clearer skies ahead. I believe reflecting on the past helps us heal, however, instilling a positive mindset moves us one step closer to mental wellness. Together we will create realistic and achievable goals using a person-centered and problem solving approach, CBT, play therapy for children and a variety of other therapeutic techniques. Whether supporting a child or adult, I am interactive, personable, charismatic empathetic and passionate.
(201) 676-3716 View (201) 676-3716
Photo of Ani Christine Mooney, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ridgewood, NJ
Ani Christine Mooney
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LCADC
Verified Verified
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, working in the field of mental health for 20 years. I received a Master’s Degree in Social Work from Fordham University. I hold a Post-Master’s certificate in Clinical Practice with Adolescents at New York University. I am specialized in the area of substance abuse, holding a Licensed Clinical Alcohol and Drug Counselor certification. I have significant experience in adolescent mental health and family conflict, working with both the adolescent individually and family collectively.
I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, working in the field of mental health for 20 years. I received a Master’s Degree in Social Work from Fordham University. I hold a Post-Master’s certificate in Clinical Practice with Adolescents at New York University. I am specialized in the area of substance abuse, holding a Licensed Clinical Alcohol and Drug Counselor certification. I have significant experience in adolescent mental health and family conflict, working with both the adolescent individually and family collectively.
(551) 295-8228 View (551) 295-8228
Photo of Lori Magda, Psychologist in Ridgewood, NJ
Lori Magda
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
As you begin in psychotherapy, I recognize and honor the courage it can take to embark on this journey. Life can be inherently stressful and overwhelming. You may feel stuck, burned out, down, or anxious. Emotions may be hard to manage. Whether you’re coping with a recent issue or you’ve been struggling for some time, I’ll work with you to meet your specific goals. I view psychotherapy as a collaborative process that is unique to each person. You should feel safe, heard, and understood in the therapy relationship. This paves the way for you to develop a better understanding of yourself, explore ways of healing, and learn new skills.
As you begin in psychotherapy, I recognize and honor the courage it can take to embark on this journey. Life can be inherently stressful and overwhelming. You may feel stuck, burned out, down, or anxious. Emotions may be hard to manage. Whether you’re coping with a recent issue or you’ve been struggling for some time, I’ll work with you to meet your specific goals. I view psychotherapy as a collaborative process that is unique to each person. You should feel safe, heard, and understood in the therapy relationship. This paves the way for you to develop a better understanding of yourself, explore ways of healing, and learn new skills.
(201) 350-8644 View (201) 350-8644
Photo of Helen Tam, Psychologist in Ridgewood, NJ
Helen Tam
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
I am a staff neuropsychologist at Trinity Psychological Services LLC. I work with children ages 4 through 21 who demonstrate a range of neurodevelopmental (e.g., ADHD, learning disabilities, language disorders, etc.), psychiatric (e.g., anxiety disorders, OCD, depression, etc.), or medical concerns (e.g., diabetes, congenital heart defects, neurofibromatosis, childhood cancers, etc.). The goals of my assessments are to help children further understand themselves, identify evidence-based supports for children/families, and help parents/young adults prioritize services. My recommendations are tailored to your child's needs.
I am a staff neuropsychologist at Trinity Psychological Services LLC. I work with children ages 4 through 21 who demonstrate a range of neurodevelopmental (e.g., ADHD, learning disabilities, language disorders, etc.), psychiatric (e.g., anxiety disorders, OCD, depression, etc.), or medical concerns (e.g., diabetes, congenital heart defects, neurofibromatosis, childhood cancers, etc.). The goals of my assessments are to help children further understand themselves, identify evidence-based supports for children/families, and help parents/young adults prioritize services. My recommendations are tailored to your child's needs.
(201) 689-5126 x3 View (201) 689-5126 x3
Photo of Elizabeth J Greenlee, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ridgewood, NJ
Elizabeth J Greenlee
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
Waitlist for new clients
I help people access their potential. By empowering and supporting you, you will find freedom from the pain of old wounds, recovery from trauma and gain new ways of coping and relating. Central to this work will be the relationship between therapist and client, which evolves within a safe and compassionate space, within which you will find the courage to explore your concerns without feeling pushed or pathologized.
I help people access their potential. By empowering and supporting you, you will find freedom from the pain of old wounds, recovery from trauma and gain new ways of coping and relating. Central to this work will be the relationship between therapist and client, which evolves within a safe and compassionate space, within which you will find the courage to explore your concerns without feeling pushed or pathologized.
(973) 529-8058 View (973) 529-8058
Photo of JoAnn Tuzeo Jarolmen, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ridgewood, NJ
JoAnn Tuzeo Jarolmen
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW, MSW
Verified Verified
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
Are you experiencing anxiety, depression, grief or family problems? Using cognitive therapy and supportive techniques, I can help you to understand the issues more clearly and help you to learn more effective ways of addressing them, all in a warm, supportive environment. As you develop your "toolkit", you will be able to feel better and stay better. Please visit my website: jjpsychotherapist.com
Are you experiencing anxiety, depression, grief or family problems? Using cognitive therapy and supportive techniques, I can help you to understand the issues more clearly and help you to learn more effective ways of addressing them, all in a warm, supportive environment. As you develop your "toolkit", you will be able to feel better and stay better. Please visit my website: jjpsychotherapist.com
(551) 305-4525 View (551) 305-4525
Photo of Beth Peritz, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ridgewood, NJ
Beth Peritz
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, JD
Verified Verified
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
I am a psychotherapist with over 20 years experience working with teenagers, adults, couples and families. I work with an attachment focus which means that I believe that the relationship with you is most important to healing and change. Our relationship needs to be based on compassion, support, trust and your feeling safe with me. In addition I am always increasing my knowledge finding new ways to help such as CBT, EMDR, AEDP, EFT, DDP. I would be happy to talk to you about how I can be of help 201-755-5040 or you can visit my website for more information www.ridgewoodpsychotherapy.com
I am a psychotherapist with over 20 years experience working with teenagers, adults, couples and families. I work with an attachment focus which means that I believe that the relationship with you is most important to healing and change. Our relationship needs to be based on compassion, support, trust and your feeling safe with me. In addition I am always increasing my knowledge finding new ways to help such as CBT, EMDR, AEDP, EFT, DDP. I would be happy to talk to you about how I can be of help 201-755-5040 or you can visit my website for more information www.ridgewoodpsychotherapy.com
(201) 755-5040 View (201) 755-5040
Photo of Ida Jeltova, Psychologist in Ridgewood, NJ
Ida Jeltova
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
I am a clinical psychologist with over 25 years of experience in working with children, teens, and adults, and my therapeutic approach is grounded in biopsychology and the neurobiology of attachment. In my practice, I foster a collaborative environment where we play to your strengths and strive to align your personality with your surroundings for optimal wellbeing. I believe in harnessing all available resources—both internal and external—to promote mental health. Depending on your unique needs, or those of your family, I employ various techniques, including EMDR, hypnosis, CBT, DBT, EFT, and a systems approach.
I am a clinical psychologist with over 25 years of experience in working with children, teens, and adults, and my therapeutic approach is grounded in biopsychology and the neurobiology of attachment. In my practice, I foster a collaborative environment where we play to your strengths and strive to align your personality with your surroundings for optimal wellbeing. I believe in harnessing all available resources—both internal and external—to promote mental health. Depending on your unique needs, or those of your family, I employ various techniques, including EMDR, hypnosis, CBT, DBT, EFT, and a systems approach.
(551) 291-1586 View (551) 291-1586
Photo of Cooler Heads Agree, Counselor in Ridgewood, NJ
Cooler Heads Agree
Counselor, MEd, LSC, DARTT
Verified Verified
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
Hello. Are you considering and or ready for a divorce? Do you want to make sure your children and family are the top priority and protected? Do you need support individually and or as coparents before during and or after divorce? I can help mediate the divorce A to Z, develop smart healthy parenting plans, reduce high conflict to cooperative communication, support transitions, manage trauma, narcissistic trauma, and share perspectives around the entire legal process. Contact me for Divorce and Family Mediation, Parent Coordination, Divorce Coaching as well as Therapy.
Hello. Are you considering and or ready for a divorce? Do you want to make sure your children and family are the top priority and protected? Do you need support individually and or as coparents before during and or after divorce? I can help mediate the divorce A to Z, develop smart healthy parenting plans, reduce high conflict to cooperative communication, support transitions, manage trauma, narcissistic trauma, and share perspectives around the entire legal process. Contact me for Divorce and Family Mediation, Parent Coordination, Divorce Coaching as well as Therapy.
(551) 303-6498 View (551) 303-6498
Photo of Kristy Ospina, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ridgewood, NJ
Kristy Ospina
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
I am a Licensed Social Worker, working in the field of mental health for ten years. I've also been trained with the Nurtured Parenting Program, helping parents and their children manage conflicts by improving communication skills and building trust. My experience consists of community case management, in-home therapy, group work, and community outreach. I've worked with mentorship programs, as well as in the outpatient field with individuals from all ages.
I am a Licensed Social Worker, working in the field of mental health for ten years. I've also been trained with the Nurtured Parenting Program, helping parents and their children manage conflicts by improving communication skills and building trust. My experience consists of community case management, in-home therapy, group work, and community outreach. I've worked with mentorship programs, as well as in the outpatient field with individuals from all ages.
(551) 284-0438 View (551) 284-0438
Photo of Carroll E Arkema, Marriage & Family Therapist in Ridgewood, NJ
Carroll E Arkema
Marriage & Family Therapist, MDiv, LMFT, LP, NCPsyT
Verified Verified
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
Not accepting new clients
Individual Psychotherapy is a process of getting to know yourself and your inner world, so you can live more fully in the outer world of work, play, and relationships. I do what I can to create a safe environment in which you can be emotionally honest with me and yourself, which allows you to access previously scary or unavailable parts of yourself, so that you can embrace your past; live more fully in the present; and be creatively alive in your future.
Individual Psychotherapy is a process of getting to know yourself and your inner world, so you can live more fully in the outer world of work, play, and relationships. I do what I can to create a safe environment in which you can be emotionally honest with me and yourself, which allows you to access previously scary or unavailable parts of yourself, so that you can embrace your past; live more fully in the present; and be creatively alive in your future.
(201) 283-8234 View (201) 283-8234
Photo of Amy Eiten, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ridgewood, NJ
Amy Eiten
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
I am a warm and empathetic therapist in clinical practice for over 25 years, I appreciate how difficult it is to talk to someone about very personal and challenging issues. I believe that a person can grow and empower oneself via talk therapy and building a therapeutic alliance. My specialties include depression, anxiety, mood disorders, eating disorders, issues of cancer survivors, grief counseling, change of life issues, divorce, marital and couples counseling. My practice draws upon cognitive behavioral, motivational theory, DBT(Dialectic Behavioral Theory), mindfulness and interpersonal dynamics. I work with individuals (age 18 and older), couples and families.
I am a warm and empathetic therapist in clinical practice for over 25 years, I appreciate how difficult it is to talk to someone about very personal and challenging issues. I believe that a person can grow and empower oneself via talk therapy and building a therapeutic alliance. My specialties include depression, anxiety, mood disorders, eating disorders, issues of cancer survivors, grief counseling, change of life issues, divorce, marital and couples counseling. My practice draws upon cognitive behavioral, motivational theory, DBT(Dialectic Behavioral Theory), mindfulness and interpersonal dynamics. I work with individuals (age 18 and older), couples and families.
(201) 431-3941 View (201) 431-3941
Photo of Lisa DeBarbrie, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ridgewood, NJ
Lisa DeBarbrie
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, PMH-C
Verified Verified
Ridgewood, NJ 07450  (Online Only)
I am a certified perinatal and postpartum mental health therapist, and specialize in working with women through planning for pregnancy, pregnancy, and the postpartum time. I offer therapy for women dealing with postpartum depression, anxiety, reproductive complications, miscarriage, termination, grief, loss and parenting needs. Becoming a mother for the first time, or growing your family can be the most transformative experience of a mother’s life. You don’t have to experience motherhood alone. I look forward to helping you navigate this time in your life and will guide you toward achieving wellness.
I am a certified perinatal and postpartum mental health therapist, and specialize in working with women through planning for pregnancy, pregnancy, and the postpartum time. I offer therapy for women dealing with postpartum depression, anxiety, reproductive complications, miscarriage, termination, grief, loss and parenting needs. Becoming a mother for the first time, or growing your family can be the most transformative experience of a mother’s life. You don’t have to experience motherhood alone. I look forward to helping you navigate this time in your life and will guide you toward achieving wellness.
(201) 977-6561 View (201) 977-6561
Photo of Joseph C. Panepinto, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ridgewood, NJ
Joseph C. Panepinto
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
Are you a law enforcement officer who has thought about speaking to a professional regarding a personal or family issue, but have never felt comfortable reaching out for help? The decision to seek outside help is never easy and the process is even harder for those in law enforcement because of serious and real concerns regarding confidentiality. I am completely independent from your department.
Are you a law enforcement officer who has thought about speaking to a professional regarding a personal or family issue, but have never felt comfortable reaching out for help? The decision to seek outside help is never easy and the process is even harder for those in law enforcement because of serious and real concerns regarding confidentiality. I am completely independent from your department.
(201) 254-5294 View (201) 254-5294
Photo of Deborah R Wagner, Psychologist in Ridgewood, NJ
Deborah R Wagner
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
In understanding that individuals in pain or having a particular challenge in life may make only one attempt at reaching out for help, I strive to welcome and set at ease every one who contacts me. Most therapy patients are ordinary people that have hit a bump in the road of life and cannot get past it on their own. My commitment, through goal directed therapy, is to help those people return to their optimal level of coping with the sometimes mild, sometimes severe challenges that life brings their way and guide them back to a sense of well being.
In understanding that individuals in pain or having a particular challenge in life may make only one attempt at reaching out for help, I strive to welcome and set at ease every one who contacts me. Most therapy patients are ordinary people that have hit a bump in the road of life and cannot get past it on their own. My commitment, through goal directed therapy, is to help those people return to their optimal level of coping with the sometimes mild, sometimes severe challenges that life brings their way and guide them back to a sense of well being.
(201) 875-3109 View (201) 875-3109

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Ridgewood, NJ

300+

Average cost per session

$180

Therapists in Ridgewood, NJ who prioritize treating:

95% Anxiety
89% Depression
82% Relationship Issues
76% Self Esteem
69% Coping Skills
62% Parenting
61% Grief

Average years in practice

17 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

57% Aetna
45% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
41% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Ridgewood, NJ see their clients

81% In Person and Online
19% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
20% Male
1% Non-Binary

FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Ridgewood?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.