Therapists in Great Falls, VA

Photo of Cliff Ayers, Psychologist in Great Falls, VA
Cliff Ayers
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Great Falls, VA 22066
I am a licensed clinical psychologist with over thirty years of experience helping individuals and couples to experience happier, more fulfilling lives. Clients describe me as both empathic and logical, and I am interactive in style compared to the more passive style of therapist. As an individual therapist I tailor my approach to your own strengths and style of learning, often combining elements of cognitive, humanistic, and insight and depth oriented approaches as indicated. Together we may address a broad range of issues including anxiety, depression, low self-worth, stress, grief, anger, and relationship or work problems.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist with over thirty years of experience helping individuals and couples to experience happier, more fulfilling lives. Clients describe me as both empathic and logical, and I am interactive in style compared to the more passive style of therapist. As an individual therapist I tailor my approach to your own strengths and style of learning, often combining elements of cognitive, humanistic, and insight and depth oriented approaches as indicated. Together we may address a broad range of issues including anxiety, depression, low self-worth, stress, grief, anger, and relationship or work problems.
(571) 458-1448 View (571) 458-1448
Photo of Charlotte Mathews, Resident in Counseling in Great Falls, VA
Charlotte Mathews
Resident in Counseling, MA, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Great Falls, VA 22066
My clinical experience lies in helping children, adolescents, and adults navigate various life experiences and stressors not limited to; childhood trauma, depression, anxiety, stress, interpersonal issues, and grief and loss. I believe that positive growth and change can occur when a therapy environment is built upon human connection and the principles of trust, safety, and respect.
My clinical experience lies in helping children, adolescents, and adults navigate various life experiences and stressors not limited to; childhood trauma, depression, anxiety, stress, interpersonal issues, and grief and loss. I believe that positive growth and change can occur when a therapy environment is built upon human connection and the principles of trust, safety, and respect.
(703) 420-7265 View (703) 420-7265
Photo of Guy W. Van Syckle Jr., Psychologist in Great Falls, VA
Guy W. Van Syckle Jr.
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Great Falls, VA 22066
I am a licensed clinical psychologist. I have been working with children, adolescents, adults and families for over thirty years. My specialty is cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). I offer individual, couples, and family therapy to all age groups. I also am trained in school psychology. I consult frequently with educators, physicians, nurses, clergy, attorneys and judges on child and family matters. I have extensive experience helping families with divorce and reunification issues. I am an experienced court-appointed parent coordinator and child custody evaluator. I also treat adolescent and adults with substance abuse issues.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist. I have been working with children, adolescents, adults and families for over thirty years. My specialty is cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). I offer individual, couples, and family therapy to all age groups. I also am trained in school psychology. I consult frequently with educators, physicians, nurses, clergy, attorneys and judges on child and family matters. I have extensive experience helping families with divorce and reunification issues. I am an experienced court-appointed parent coordinator and child custody evaluator. I also treat adolescent and adults with substance abuse issues.
(703) 991-4974 View (703) 991-4974
Photo of Mary Yost, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Great Falls, VA
Mary Yost
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Great Falls, VA 22066  (Online Only)
Mary is a licensed therapist who has spent years treating individuals for a variety of mental health challenges including anxiety, depression, trauma and PTSD, and obsessive compulsive disorder. Mary’s goal is to help her clients better understand themselves in order to achieve lasting change.
Mary is a licensed therapist who has spent years treating individuals for a variety of mental health challenges including anxiety, depression, trauma and PTSD, and obsessive compulsive disorder. Mary’s goal is to help her clients better understand themselves in order to achieve lasting change.
(571) 931-2162 View (571) 931-2162
Photo of Cate Riihimaki, Licensed Professional Counselor in Great Falls, VA
Cate Riihimaki
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MEd, EdS
Verified Verified
Great Falls, VA 22066
Perhaps you are seeking therapy for a specific concern: depression, anxiety, trauma, parenting support, relational issues, or personal loss. Or maybe, you are entering counseling for less easily defined goals, such as self-awareness, creating a more meaningful life, increasing resilience, or personal empowerment. Whatever brings you to counseling, I will work to provide a safe and supportive space for you to engage in the therapeutic process.
Perhaps you are seeking therapy for a specific concern: depression, anxiety, trauma, parenting support, relational issues, or personal loss. Or maybe, you are entering counseling for less easily defined goals, such as self-awareness, creating a more meaningful life, increasing resilience, or personal empowerment. Whatever brings you to counseling, I will work to provide a safe and supportive space for you to engage in the therapeutic process.
(703) 215-9013 View (703) 215-9013
Photo of Weekend Marriage Counseling Intensives, Marriage & Family Therapist in Great Falls, VA
Weekend Marriage Counseling Intensives
Marriage & Family Therapist
Verified Verified
Great Falls, VA 22066
Located in Lynchburg. Hi, I'm Chuck Rodgers, the founder and one of the therapists at our Center. I became frustrated with traditional 45 minute sessions & grew tired of seeing my clients leave frustrated & hurting at the end of yet one more session that drug therapy out week after week. Thus so, I decided that I was going to do it differently. Because of this I have narrowed my focus to working in 1 & 2 Day Intensive formats and have now made it available on the weekend. Marriage Trouble? Let's do a weekend and change that...
Located in Lynchburg. Hi, I'm Chuck Rodgers, the founder and one of the therapists at our Center. I became frustrated with traditional 45 minute sessions & grew tired of seeing my clients leave frustrated & hurting at the end of yet one more session that drug therapy out week after week. Thus so, I decided that I was going to do it differently. Because of this I have narrowed my focus to working in 1 & 2 Day Intensive formats and have now made it available on the weekend. Marriage Trouble? Let's do a weekend and change that...
(434) 253-4216 View (434) 253-4216
Photo of Pamela Masaniello, Licensed Professional Counselor in Great Falls, VA
Pamela Masaniello
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Great Falls, VA 22066
Not accepting new clients
My clients struggle with anxiety, depression, and bipolar disorders, age and stage of life adjustment disorders, and PTSD. I serve rising adults, adults, traditional couples, and older adults who are seeking to feel better.
My clients struggle with anxiety, depression, and bipolar disorders, age and stage of life adjustment disorders, and PTSD. I serve rising adults, adults, traditional couples, and older adults who are seeking to feel better.
(703) 596-8086 View (703) 596-8086
Photo of Laura D Simon-Sulzer in Great Falls, VA
Laura D Simon-Sulzer
Masters
Verified Verified
Great Falls, VA 22066
Your addiction is non-stop. So is my treatment. I am available 7 days a week on call or texts in addition to the sessions with me. I treat substance abuse and behavioral addictions, as well as emotional codependence and associated diagnoses (dual-diagnosis). Gambling, alcoholism, drug addiction, medication addiction, food disorders, etc.: They all have the same roots in the brain and often the gut. I am at working at the cutting edge of neuroscience. I do NOT take insurance but I am confidentially bullet-proof and not not report your information. Confidentiality agreement available.
Your addiction is non-stop. So is my treatment. I am available 7 days a week on call or texts in addition to the sessions with me. I treat substance abuse and behavioral addictions, as well as emotional codependence and associated diagnoses (dual-diagnosis). Gambling, alcoholism, drug addiction, medication addiction, food disorders, etc.: They all have the same roots in the brain and often the gut. I am at working at the cutting edge of neuroscience. I do NOT take insurance but I am confidentially bullet-proof and not not report your information. Confidentiality agreement available.
(703) 215-1573 View (703) 215-1573
Photo of Jean Rahbar in Great Falls, VA
Jean Rahbar
PsyaD, LMHC, LPC
Verified Verified
Great Falls, VA 22066  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I have been working therapeutically with adolescents, adults and couples for the past 14 years. I provide a therapeutic space where clients' feel safe, experiencing me as someone of whom can be trusted with their deeper thoughts. A client's feelings and goals are of the utmost importance to me. My wish is that that from the moment you meet me, you experience my highly analytical approach, coupled with genuine care and warmth.
I have been working therapeutically with adolescents, adults and couples for the past 14 years. I provide a therapeutic space where clients' feel safe, experiencing me as someone of whom can be trusted with their deeper thoughts. A client's feelings and goals are of the utmost importance to me. My wish is that that from the moment you meet me, you experience my highly analytical approach, coupled with genuine care and warmth.
(781) 912-3476 View (781) 912-3476
Photo of Tera Lensegrav-Benson Anxiety Specialist, Psychologist in Great Falls, VA
Tera Lensegrav-Benson Anxiety Specialist
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Great Falls, VA 22066  (Online Only)
Feeling anxious, grieving, alone, and caught up in a pattern of obsessing? Struggling with health issues and/or parenting concerns? If you are overwhelmed and contemplating therapy, we can work together to help you find relief. I wholeheartedly believe in the power of therapy and am skilled in providing personalized mental health care with compassion and heart. Ready to develop insight, self compassion, regulate your anxiety, learn how your brain works and build skills to move in your own valued directions? I welcome the opportunity to partner with you in therapy. Let me help you live your best life!
Feeling anxious, grieving, alone, and caught up in a pattern of obsessing? Struggling with health issues and/or parenting concerns? If you are overwhelmed and contemplating therapy, we can work together to help you find relief. I wholeheartedly believe in the power of therapy and am skilled in providing personalized mental health care with compassion and heart. Ready to develop insight, self compassion, regulate your anxiety, learn how your brain works and build skills to move in your own valued directions? I welcome the opportunity to partner with you in therapy. Let me help you live your best life!
(435) 800-0908 View (435) 800-0908
Photo of Jessica MacDonald, Psychologist in Great Falls, VA
Jessica MacDonald
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Great Falls, VA 22066  (Online Only)
As a clinical psychologist, I specialize in helping adults make positive changes in their lives. Through the use of CBT, ACT, and compassion-focused therapy, I can help you address a variety of issues, including depression, anxiety, imposter syndrome, work stress, challenges with dating, and challenges with wedding planning. Let's work together to help you achieve your goals and live a happier, more fulfilling life.
As a clinical psychologist, I specialize in helping adults make positive changes in their lives. Through the use of CBT, ACT, and compassion-focused therapy, I can help you address a variety of issues, including depression, anxiety, imposter syndrome, work stress, challenges with dating, and challenges with wedding planning. Let's work together to help you achieve your goals and live a happier, more fulfilling life.
(704) 753-8669 View (704) 753-8669
Photo of Sandy C Malawer, Marriage & Family Therapist in Great Falls, VA
Sandy C Malawer
Marriage & Family Therapist, LPC, LMFT
Verified Verified
Great Falls, VA 22066
I have a particular interest in working with couples who want to improve communications & better their relationship. I stress pragmatic solutions & reaching optimal goals. Studied at Johns Hopkins (Masters) & Oxford Univ. (Certificate). Former Virginia gubernatorial appointee to the Virginia Board of Counseling (Vice Chm). Have had many clients from around the world. Security clearance at EAP with intelligence agencies. Counseling at George Mason Univ. Zoom & in-person. Website http://www.virginiacounselling.com/ Blog https://counsellingcouples.net/ LinkedIn https://www.linkedin.com/in/sandy-malawer-7b99117/detail/recent-activity/
I have a particular interest in working with couples who want to improve communications & better their relationship. I stress pragmatic solutions & reaching optimal goals. Studied at Johns Hopkins (Masters) & Oxford Univ. (Certificate). Former Virginia gubernatorial appointee to the Virginia Board of Counseling (Vice Chm). Have had many clients from around the world. Security clearance at EAP with intelligence agencies. Counseling at George Mason Univ. Zoom & in-person. Website http://www.virginiacounselling.com/ Blog https://counsellingcouples.net/ LinkedIn https://www.linkedin.com/in/sandy-malawer-7b99117/detail/recent-activity/
(703) 346-7065 View (703) 346-7065
Photo of Chloe Koutsos, Licensed Professional Counselor in Great Falls, VA
Chloe Koutsos
Licensed Professional Counselor, NCC, LPC
Verified Verified
11 Endorsed
Great Falls, VA 22066  (Online Only)
I work with clients with concerns such as anxiety, depression, stress, perfectionism, athlete concerns, self-esteem, relationships (peer, spousal, dating, breakups), sleep issues, and life transitions. My approach is based on my belief in the importance of the therapeutic relationship and having a safe, supportive, non-judgmental space where clients can feel understood, accepted, connected, can share and explore their experiences, strengthen and expand upon coping skills, and develop insights.
I work with clients with concerns such as anxiety, depression, stress, perfectionism, athlete concerns, self-esteem, relationships (peer, spousal, dating, breakups), sleep issues, and life transitions. My approach is based on my belief in the importance of the therapeutic relationship and having a safe, supportive, non-judgmental space where clients can feel understood, accepted, connected, can share and explore their experiences, strengthen and expand upon coping skills, and develop insights.
(571) 200-8148 View (571) 200-8148
Photo of Kristen Killie, Pre-Licensed Professional in Great Falls, VA
Kristen Killie
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, LPC-R
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Great Falls, VA 22066
I deeply understand the variety of challenges that can occur throughout our lives and am devoted to supporting you through your personal obstacles. My goal is to create a warm, welcoming and safe environment where you’re free to express yourself and work toward your individual growth. Through my personal and academic experiences, I’ve developed skills that will help support you along your journey. I’m dedicated to helping you improve your overall mental wellness by working alongside you toward rediscovering your core strengths. Together, we can unlock your true potential so you can live the life you want and deserve!
I deeply understand the variety of challenges that can occur throughout our lives and am devoted to supporting you through your personal obstacles. My goal is to create a warm, welcoming and safe environment where you’re free to express yourself and work toward your individual growth. Through my personal and academic experiences, I’ve developed skills that will help support you along your journey. I’m dedicated to helping you improve your overall mental wellness by working alongside you toward rediscovering your core strengths. Together, we can unlock your true potential so you can live the life you want and deserve!
(571) 556-4902 View (571) 556-4902
Photo of Kyle Stephan, Pre-Licensed Professional in Great Falls, VA
Kyle Stephan
Pre-Licensed Professional, MSW
Verified Verified
Great Falls, VA 22066
Our early relational experiences laid the foundation for how we see ourselves and our relationships. If your early experiences were painful or did not give you what you needed, you may have developed a range of strategies to protect, adapt, survive, disconnect, or even abandon parts of who you are. We are incredibly resourceful at finding ways to protect and prevent future hurts, while maintaining connection as best we can. I can help you safely explore, organize, and heal any protective strategies/patterns you may have previously needed so you can live with greater security, self-worth, and emotional connection in the present.
Our early relational experiences laid the foundation for how we see ourselves and our relationships. If your early experiences were painful or did not give you what you needed, you may have developed a range of strategies to protect, adapt, survive, disconnect, or even abandon parts of who you are. We are incredibly resourceful at finding ways to protect and prevent future hurts, while maintaining connection as best we can. I can help you safely explore, organize, and heal any protective strategies/patterns you may have previously needed so you can live with greater security, self-worth, and emotional connection in the present.
(540) 306-4855 View (540) 306-4855
Photo of Ioana Marcus, Licensed Professional Counselor in Great Falls, VA
Ioana Marcus
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC, GEP
Verified Verified
9 Endorsed
Great Falls, VA 22066
My practice is founded on creating a safe space for you to work on your most authentic, whole and healthy self. My work with you is focused not only on understanding your past experiences, whether family, relationships, traumas or mental health concerns that have been hindering your growth, but also supporting you to step into your life NOW. I will support you and walk the walk with you. We will explore how to fully live and thrive in the present, grow to your fullest potential, way beyond what you imagine for yourself.
My practice is founded on creating a safe space for you to work on your most authentic, whole and healthy self. My work with you is focused not only on understanding your past experiences, whether family, relationships, traumas or mental health concerns that have been hindering your growth, but also supporting you to step into your life NOW. I will support you and walk the walk with you. We will explore how to fully live and thrive in the present, grow to your fullest potential, way beyond what you imagine for yourself.
(703) 997-6804 View (703) 997-6804
Photo of Mindful Therapy Practice , Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Great Falls, VA
Mindful Therapy Practice
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Great Falls, VA 22066
I may be a good fit for you if you find yourself experiencing moments of intense emotion, such as frustration, anger, rage, sadness, emptiness, and overwhelm. You may be misappropriating your intense feelings at your friends/family/significant others and may be at risk of losing important relationships. You might also be struggling to function at work, calling off sick more than you would like. You might also be trying to soothe yourself in ways that ultimately don't fix the problem and might also make you feel worse, guilty, or ashamed.
I may be a good fit for you if you find yourself experiencing moments of intense emotion, such as frustration, anger, rage, sadness, emptiness, and overwhelm. You may be misappropriating your intense feelings at your friends/family/significant others and may be at risk of losing important relationships. You might also be struggling to function at work, calling off sick more than you would like. You might also be trying to soothe yourself in ways that ultimately don't fix the problem and might also make you feel worse, guilty, or ashamed.
(760) 254-0819 View (760) 254-0819
Photo of Ann Duvall, Licensed Professional Counselor in Great Falls, VA
Ann Duvall
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, NCC, LPC
Verified Verified
Great Falls, VA 22066
Our work together is designed to enable you to discover the teacher within, to connect with your wisest self and help guide you in all parts of your life. I use a tailored, integrative approach across several disciplines including therapy, life coaching, spiritual direction and Qigong. Whether you wish to discover your calling or need help transitioning from a personal or health crisis, my approach can assist in deepening your life experience at home, at work, and in relationships.
Our work together is designed to enable you to discover the teacher within, to connect with your wisest self and help guide you in all parts of your life. I use a tailored, integrative approach across several disciplines including therapy, life coaching, spiritual direction and Qigong. Whether you wish to discover your calling or need help transitioning from a personal or health crisis, my approach can assist in deepening your life experience at home, at work, and in relationships.
(202) 640-4281 View (202) 640-4281
Photo of Ailish R Dermody, Resident in Counseling in Great Falls, VA
Ailish R Dermody
Resident in Counseling, MA, NCC, CGP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Great Falls, VA 22066
We can all find ourselves overwhelmed by the expectations put on us by others and ourselves. Often our past experiences may have us repeating patterns and cycles in our relationships that don’t serve us and it can be easy to try to ignore our problems or stuff our feelings only to find they're coming out sideways. To cope, we may engage in behaviors that prevent us from being the best version of ourselves. Often difficult life transitions put us in a state of upheaval, leaving us feeling hopeless, anxious, or depressed. I'd like to help you navigate these challenges.
We can all find ourselves overwhelmed by the expectations put on us by others and ourselves. Often our past experiences may have us repeating patterns and cycles in our relationships that don’t serve us and it can be easy to try to ignore our problems or stuff our feelings only to find they're coming out sideways. To cope, we may engage in behaviors that prevent us from being the best version of ourselves. Often difficult life transitions put us in a state of upheaval, leaving us feeling hopeless, anxious, or depressed. I'd like to help you navigate these challenges.
(571) 462-6494 View (571) 462-6494
Photo of Darren C Brennan, Psychologist in Great Falls, VA
Darren C Brennan
Psychologist, PsyD, CSOTP
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Great Falls, VA 22066
Seeking relief from anxiety or depression? Struggling with ADHD? Seeking a forensic assessment, educational or disability testing for accommodations at school or work? I can help. I have 20+ years of clinical experience to working with teens and adults. I use research-proven methods of therapy that will enhance your mood and quality of life. I also provide psychoeducational testing for ADHD, emotional and learning disabilities (ED/LD), and Autism Spectrum (ASD). My forensic services include assessments for risk assessment, mitigation reports, and parental capacity evaluations. I can also provide expert testimony by retainer.
Seeking relief from anxiety or depression? Struggling with ADHD? Seeking a forensic assessment, educational or disability testing for accommodations at school or work? I can help. I have 20+ years of clinical experience to working with teens and adults. I use research-proven methods of therapy that will enhance your mood and quality of life. I also provide psychoeducational testing for ADHD, emotional and learning disabilities (ED/LD), and Autism Spectrum (ASD). My forensic services include assessments for risk assessment, mitigation reports, and parental capacity evaluations. I can also provide expert testimony by retainer.
(703) 596-8350 View (703) 596-8350

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Great Falls, VA

100+

Average cost per session

$180

Therapists in Great Falls, VA who prioritize treating:

96% Anxiety
88% Depression
77% Self Esteem
76% Relationship Issues
70% Trauma and PTSD
70% Coping Skills
63% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

15 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

66% BlueCross and BlueShield
61% Cigna and Evernorth
58% Anthem | Elevance

How Therapists in Great Falls, VA see their clients

62% In Person and Online
38% Online Only

Gender breakdown

86% Female
14% Male

FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Great Falls?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.