Therapists in Ridgewood, NJ

Photo of Jessica Tomarchio in Ridgewood, NJ
Jessica Tomarchio
LAC, NCC, MEd
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
Embarking on a journey of self-discovery and healing is a courageous step, and I am honored that you are considering me as your partner in this transformative process. As a therapist, my mission is to create a safe and empathetic space where you can explore the depths of your emotions, navigate life's challenges, and ultimately, find the strength within to cultivate a more fulfilling and authentic existence.
Embarking on a journey of self-discovery and healing is a courageous step, and I am honored that you are considering me as your partner in this transformative process. As a therapist, my mission is to create a safe and empathetic space where you can explore the depths of your emotions, navigate life's challenges, and ultimately, find the strength within to cultivate a more fulfilling and authentic existence.
(551) 310-2272 View (551) 310-2272
Photo of Jennifer Shrier, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ridgewood, NJ
Jennifer Shrier
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
Sometimes situations become too difficult for us to handle on our own. Receiving support and guidance can be helpful in building self confidence and strength to handle situations that arise, and address conflicts. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, experienced in working with adults and young adults, treating a variety of issues including anxiety, depression, self esteem, relationship conflicts, pregnancy, postpartum, and divorce.
Sometimes situations become too difficult for us to handle on our own. Receiving support and guidance can be helpful in building self confidence and strength to handle situations that arise, and address conflicts. I am a Licensed Clinical Social Worker, experienced in working with adults and young adults, treating a variety of issues including anxiety, depression, self esteem, relationship conflicts, pregnancy, postpartum, and divorce.
(917) 960-9458 View (917) 960-9458
Photo of Lissa Captain, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ridgewood, NJ
Lissa Captain
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
I have been working with adolescents and young adults for over 15 years. My practice provides a nurturing and supportive environment to help my clients work on their daily struggles and create a better and happier life for themselves. When working with teenagers, often family therapy is needed to ensure that everyone is working together for there to be positive changes. I will assist parents in how to better manage some of the behaviors that they are seeing with their child.
I have been working with adolescents and young adults for over 15 years. My practice provides a nurturing and supportive environment to help my clients work on their daily struggles and create a better and happier life for themselves. When working with teenagers, often family therapy is needed to ensure that everyone is working together for there to be positive changes. I will assist parents in how to better manage some of the behaviors that they are seeing with their child.
(973) 928-0190 View (973) 928-0190
Photo of Christina Athanasatos, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ridgewood, NJ
Christina Athanasatos
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
Everyone has a unique and special story and life experiences that have brought them to the place they are in now. I am here to listen empathically without judgement and help understand the person you are and the struggles and challenges you are facing. I use various modalities of therapy customized to meet my clients needs. I will implement a personalized therapeutic approach dependent on the assessment of your individual circumstances and needs . When needed, I collaborate with various other professionals including psychiatrists, dietitians, treatment programs, and other programs suited for my individualized client's needs.
Everyone has a unique and special story and life experiences that have brought them to the place they are in now. I am here to listen empathically without judgement and help understand the person you are and the struggles and challenges you are facing. I use various modalities of therapy customized to meet my clients needs. I will implement a personalized therapeutic approach dependent on the assessment of your individual circumstances and needs . When needed, I collaborate with various other professionals including psychiatrists, dietitians, treatment programs, and other programs suited for my individualized client's needs.
(201) 762-0294 View (201) 762-0294
Photo of Gloria Leder, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ridgewood, NJ
Gloria Leder
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
I have over 30 years of experience as a practicing clinician who uses a variety of treatment approaches, in order to provide you with the best possible outcome. My goal is to help you to navigate in any of the life experiences or situations that have created an impasse. I am interested in supporting you to achieve your best possible way of living. I work in a psychodynamic manner as well as a more direct solution focused paradigm. This can include using DBT, CBT, EMDR, and mindfulness. I see individuals and/or couples. I am strength based, in working with you to navigate towards healing.
I have over 30 years of experience as a practicing clinician who uses a variety of treatment approaches, in order to provide you with the best possible outcome. My goal is to help you to navigate in any of the life experiences or situations that have created an impasse. I am interested in supporting you to achieve your best possible way of living. I work in a psychodynamic manner as well as a more direct solution focused paradigm. This can include using DBT, CBT, EMDR, and mindfulness. I see individuals and/or couples. I am strength based, in working with you to navigate towards healing.
(201) 984-1590 View (201) 984-1590
Photo of Stephanie Shapiro in Ridgewood, NJ
Stephanie Shapiro
LSW, PhD, Can, didate
Verified Verified
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
Is the 'help-seeking' process hard for you? If you find that you're overwhelmed by that: feeling anxious, depressed, or having trouble dealing with a certain situation, look no further! I can help bring clarity to your life. My therapy incorporates YOUR needs and strengths into a semi-holistic approach that compliments pharmacological interventions. This means we use methods to treat the mind, body, soul, AND environment. Each goal is realistic and at YOUR pace. I can help you discover control. I will always provide you with the skills and tools to avoid re-occurrence of these issues.
Is the 'help-seeking' process hard for you? If you find that you're overwhelmed by that: feeling anxious, depressed, or having trouble dealing with a certain situation, look no further! I can help bring clarity to your life. My therapy incorporates YOUR needs and strengths into a semi-holistic approach that compliments pharmacological interventions. This means we use methods to treat the mind, body, soul, AND environment. Each goal is realistic and at YOUR pace. I can help you discover control. I will always provide you with the skills and tools to avoid re-occurrence of these issues.
(201) 730-5210 View (201) 730-5210
Photo of Stephen Andreopoulos, Psychologist in Ridgewood, NJ
Stephen Andreopoulos
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
I am a clinical psychologist helping adolescents, individual adults and couples through life's challenges for over 20 years. My style is interpersonal; I tend to give feedback and try to maintain a goal-oriented perspective. My specialties include the treatment of anxiety, depression, addictions and psychological trauma. I am comfortable integrating religious/spiritual concerns into the therapy. I will use my experience and knowledge to help you live your best life and reach your relationship and personal goals.
I am a clinical psychologist helping adolescents, individual adults and couples through life's challenges for over 20 years. My style is interpersonal; I tend to give feedback and try to maintain a goal-oriented perspective. My specialties include the treatment of anxiety, depression, addictions and psychological trauma. I am comfortable integrating religious/spiritual concerns into the therapy. I will use my experience and knowledge to help you live your best life and reach your relationship and personal goals.
(201) 885-4098 View (201) 885-4098
Photo of Denise R Cooney-Zajkowski, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ridgewood, NJ
Denise R Cooney-Zajkowski
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
RELATIONSHIPS and LIFE'S ISSUES are the "blueprint" to your journey. REDEFINE your world. WELCOME you have taken the first step.Therapy is a journey we make together to explore your life. You have within you the answers to your own questions about life.My clients often state that I was able to help them put into words what they were experiencing and feeling but never knew how to how to express it before. Together we look at the pieces of your life that fell apart and how to put your life together in a way that works for you. I work with clients from all walks of life including: LEO, Fire, EMS and medical professionals.
RELATIONSHIPS and LIFE'S ISSUES are the "blueprint" to your journey. REDEFINE your world. WELCOME you have taken the first step.Therapy is a journey we make together to explore your life. You have within you the answers to your own questions about life.My clients often state that I was able to help them put into words what they were experiencing and feeling but never knew how to how to express it before. Together we look at the pieces of your life that fell apart and how to put your life together in a way that works for you. I work with clients from all walks of life including: LEO, Fire, EMS and medical professionals.
(201) 688-7249 View (201) 688-7249
Photo of Pauline Carides, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ridgewood, NJ
Pauline Carides
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Ridgewood, NJ 07450  (Online Only)
I enjoy my work as a therapist. The cornerstone of my success is my ability to provide a safe environment, listen intently, and genuinely engage with the individuals and families that I meet. Perhaps you are on the precipice of change, and you just can't take the first step. Maybe you are taking inventory of your life, and you need guidance on how to sum up your past and learn how to make new decisions in this moment with your eyes wide open. Together, we can sort out the transition and help you move toward positive transformation.
I enjoy my work as a therapist. The cornerstone of my success is my ability to provide a safe environment, listen intently, and genuinely engage with the individuals and families that I meet. Perhaps you are on the precipice of change, and you just can't take the first step. Maybe you are taking inventory of your life, and you need guidance on how to sum up your past and learn how to make new decisions in this moment with your eyes wide open. Together, we can sort out the transition and help you move toward positive transformation.
(201) 632-3925 View (201) 632-3925
Photo of Diana Bernstein, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ridgewood, NJ
Diana Bernstein
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LCADC
Verified Verified
Ridgewood, NJ 07451
The most important thing to me as a therapist is to create a safe, warm, and comfortable environment where you can feel free to share whatever is on your mind without judgement. My goal is to provide you with the support, guidance and the tools necessary in order to make lasting change and find the answers you seek.
The most important thing to me as a therapist is to create a safe, warm, and comfortable environment where you can feel free to share whatever is on your mind without judgement. My goal is to provide you with the support, guidance and the tools necessary in order to make lasting change and find the answers you seek.
(551) 303-7997 View (551) 303-7997
Photo of Linda Centeno, Psychologist in Ridgewood, NJ
Linda Centeno
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
I am a highly experienced, warm, NJ and NY licensed psychologist trained at Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center. Treatment specialties include: Women's Issues (incl. Relationships, Career, Family Issues), Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD), Eating Disorders (Anorexia, Bulimia, Binge Eating Disorder), Anxiety Disorders (Panic Disorder, OCD), Depression and Bipolar Disorder, Impulse Control Difficulties (cutting, self-harm, oppositionality), Trauma, PTSD, and Sexual Abuse, Relationship Issues, and Gay/Lesbian issues.
I am a highly experienced, warm, NJ and NY licensed psychologist trained at Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center. Treatment specialties include: Women's Issues (incl. Relationships, Career, Family Issues), Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD), Eating Disorders (Anorexia, Bulimia, Binge Eating Disorder), Anxiety Disorders (Panic Disorder, OCD), Depression and Bipolar Disorder, Impulse Control Difficulties (cutting, self-harm, oppositionality), Trauma, PTSD, and Sexual Abuse, Relationship Issues, and Gay/Lesbian issues.
(201) 820-0937 View (201) 820-0937
Photo of Dr. Michele LaCouture, LLC, Licensed Professional Counselor in Ridgewood, NJ
Dr. Michele LaCouture, LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
I perform Court Ordered Services to include Child Custody Evaluations, Parenting Time Plans, Reunification Therapy, and Mental Health Assessments.
I perform Court Ordered Services to include Child Custody Evaluations, Parenting Time Plans, Reunification Therapy, and Mental Health Assessments.
(917) 259-6401 View (917) 259-6401
Photo of Melissa Raines, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ridgewood, NJ
Melissa Raines
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, PsyA
Verified Verified
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
Please note that I only have daytime appointments available. My late afternoon and evenings are booked. Being a good therapist requires more than being a good listener. My treatment style is dynamic, interpersonal, and focused on creating real and lasting change. Reach out today and start living the life you want.
Please note that I only have daytime appointments available. My late afternoon and evenings are booked. Being a good therapist requires more than being a good listener. My treatment style is dynamic, interpersonal, and focused on creating real and lasting change. Reach out today and start living the life you want.
(201) 654-4204 View (201) 654-4204
Photo of John Corbisiero, Psychologist in Ridgewood, NJ
John Corbisiero
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
I am a licensed clinical psychologist in full-time private practice. I have had post-doctoral training in psychotherapy and psychoanalysis, and have received certification in medical hypnosis. I work with a diverse patient caseload, dealing with the spectrum of anxiety disorders (panic, generalized anxiety, OCD), as well as depressive disorders, and stress-related conditions, including psychsomatic problems such as back pain. I also work extensively with patients with relationship issues, in both individual and couple therapy settings. I am also available for psychological testing, including intelligence and personality testing. In addition, I provide training in mindfulness and marital communication skills.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist in full-time private practice. I have had post-doctoral training in psychotherapy and psychoanalysis, and have received certification in medical hypnosis. I work with a diverse patient caseload, dealing with the spectrum of anxiety disorders (panic, generalized anxiety, OCD), as well as depressive disorders, and stress-related conditions, including psychsomatic problems such as back pain. I also work extensively with patients with relationship issues, in both individual and couple therapy settings. I am also available for psychological testing, including intelligence and personality testing. In addition, I provide training in mindfulness and marital communication skills.
(201) 283-8012 View (201) 283-8012
Photo of Nicole Appello, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ridgewood, NJ
Nicole Appello
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
Thanks for stopping by! I understand that considering coming to therapy for the first time can be an intimidating experience. I want you to know that I am warm, friendly, non-judgmental and believe I have an innate aptitude for helping my clients achieve their authentic selves. I am Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) and one of my clinical areas of interest includes working with young adults to better understand and manage stress, develop a sense of purpose, and build resilience.
Thanks for stopping by! I understand that considering coming to therapy for the first time can be an intimidating experience. I want you to know that I am warm, friendly, non-judgmental and believe I have an innate aptitude for helping my clients achieve their authentic selves. I am Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) and one of my clinical areas of interest includes working with young adults to better understand and manage stress, develop a sense of purpose, and build resilience.
(551) 400-8238 View (551) 400-8238
Photo of Blue Skies Ahead Therapy, LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ridgewood, NJ
Blue Skies Ahead Therapy, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
Jaclyn O'Callaghan at Blue Skies Ahead is here to support you in your journey to clearer skies ahead. I believe reflecting on the past helps us heal, however, instilling a positive mindset moves us one step closer to mental wellness. Together we will create realistic and achievable goals using a person-centered and problem solving approach, CBT, play therapy for children and a variety of other therapeutic techniques. Whether supporting a child or adult, I am interactive, personable, charismatic empathetic and passionate.
Jaclyn O'Callaghan at Blue Skies Ahead is here to support you in your journey to clearer skies ahead. I believe reflecting on the past helps us heal, however, instilling a positive mindset moves us one step closer to mental wellness. Together we will create realistic and achievable goals using a person-centered and problem solving approach, CBT, play therapy for children and a variety of other therapeutic techniques. Whether supporting a child or adult, I am interactive, personable, charismatic empathetic and passionate.
(201) 676-3716 View (201) 676-3716
Photo of Daniella Angello, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ridgewood, NJ
Daniella Angello
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
Are you looking for help for your teenager or college student? Are their struggles keeping you up at night and causing you stress and worry? Are they sad, scared or constantly fighting with you ? I specialize in helping teens, young adults and moms navigate through depression and anxiety. Many young people think they're not measuring up. They may be struggling with problems with friends, academic pressures, difficult family relationships or a challenging transition to college. Times can be tough, but with the right support your child can learn to deal with problems more effectively while feeling better about life !
Are you looking for help for your teenager or college student? Are their struggles keeping you up at night and causing you stress and worry? Are they sad, scared or constantly fighting with you ? I specialize in helping teens, young adults and moms navigate through depression and anxiety. Many young people think they're not measuring up. They may be struggling with problems with friends, academic pressures, difficult family relationships or a challenging transition to college. Times can be tough, but with the right support your child can learn to deal with problems more effectively while feeling better about life !
(201) 730-2603 View (201) 730-2603
Photo of Advanced Psychological Specialists, LLC, Psychologist in Ridgewood, NJ
Advanced Psychological Specialists, LLC
Psychologist, PhD, ABPP
Verified Verified
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
As one travels through the different stages of life, many challenges inevitably arise. These challenges can be the result of life circumstances, such as chronic pain, loss of a loved one, childhood/ parenting problems or relationship difficulties. These challenges can also be due to chronic or severe conditions such as depression, anxiety, cognitive disorder or thought disorder. A thorough assessment and psychological treatment plan can help you navigate all of these types of challenges and achieve optimal emotional health.
As one travels through the different stages of life, many challenges inevitably arise. These challenges can be the result of life circumstances, such as chronic pain, loss of a loved one, childhood/ parenting problems or relationship difficulties. These challenges can also be due to chronic or severe conditions such as depression, anxiety, cognitive disorder or thought disorder. A thorough assessment and psychological treatment plan can help you navigate all of these types of challenges and achieve optimal emotional health.
(201) 335-0206 x1 View (201) 335-0206 x1
Photo of Susan D. Gerstley, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ridgewood, NJ
Susan D. Gerstley
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW, MBA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
I work with individuals and couples who are struggling with feelings of: hopelessness, anger, fear, frustration, resentment, sadness, and confusion. My goal is to guide and support you in identifying and making the life changes necessary to improve your relationships, your work, and your overall happiness. I foster a collaborative and non-judgmental alliance between us-- this is vital for your therapeutic experience to be a success. You will discover a safe environment where, together, we can explore the external and internal roadblocks that are preventing you from being as happy as you deserve to be.
I work with individuals and couples who are struggling with feelings of: hopelessness, anger, fear, frustration, resentment, sadness, and confusion. My goal is to guide and support you in identifying and making the life changes necessary to improve your relationships, your work, and your overall happiness. I foster a collaborative and non-judgmental alliance between us-- this is vital for your therapeutic experience to be a success. You will discover a safe environment where, together, we can explore the external and internal roadblocks that are preventing you from being as happy as you deserve to be.
(201) 425-6212 View (201) 425-6212
Photo of Chamomile Counseling LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Ridgewood, NJ
Chamomile Counseling LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Ridgewood, NJ 07450
Are you feeling stuck in your daily life? Are you feeling burned out? Do you feel no motivation to wake up and make changes that you think are necessary? I believe therapy can make changes in your daily life so that you feel motivated and empowered to continue which will result in a significant decrease in general stress level. As a trained therapist, I will walk with you to help you to see where you are and where you are heading within a holistic, client-centered approach. You will encounter small and large challenges throughout your life. You can benefit from therapy sessions by learning how to better manage these stressors.
Are you feeling stuck in your daily life? Are you feeling burned out? Do you feel no motivation to wake up and make changes that you think are necessary? I believe therapy can make changes in your daily life so that you feel motivated and empowered to continue which will result in a significant decrease in general stress level. As a trained therapist, I will walk with you to help you to see where you are and where you are heading within a holistic, client-centered approach. You will encounter small and large challenges throughout your life. You can benefit from therapy sessions by learning how to better manage these stressors.
(551) 282-9146 View (551) 282-9146

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Ridgewood, NJ

300+

Average cost per session

$180

Therapists in Ridgewood, NJ who prioritize treating:

95% Anxiety
89% Depression
82% Relationship Issues
76% Self Esteem
69% Coping Skills
62% Parenting
61% Grief

Average years in practice

17 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

57% Aetna
45% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
41% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Ridgewood, NJ see their clients

80% In Person and Online
20% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
20% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Ridgewood?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.