Photo of Lilia Berkovich, Psychologist in Lake View, Chicago, IL
Lilia Berkovich
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lake View, Chicago, IL 60613
Are you dealing with recurring relationship problems, overwhelming anxiety or panic, paralyzing perfectionism or procrastination, intense sadness or anger, unhealthy habits, illness or somatic symptoms, or identity concerns? I am dedicated to helping individuals and couples on a path toward better self-understanding, emotional attunement, empathy, responsibility, and agency. Our goal would be to uncover shaping life experiences, identify patterns, and work on enhanced flexibility and intentionality in choices and actions. In my therapeutic approach I rely on relational, classical, and bodymind psychodynamic perspectives.
Are you dealing with recurring relationship problems, overwhelming anxiety or panic, paralyzing perfectionism or procrastination, intense sadness or anger, unhealthy habits, illness or somatic symptoms, or identity concerns? I am dedicated to helping individuals and couples on a path toward better self-understanding, emotional attunement, empathy, responsibility, and agency. Our goal would be to uncover shaping life experiences, identify patterns, and work on enhanced flexibility and intentionality in choices and actions. In my therapeutic approach I rely on relational, classical, and bodymind psychodynamic perspectives.
(872) 274-3016 View (872) 274-3016
Photo of Jo Marwil Psy.d., Psychologist in Lake View, Chicago, IL
Jo Marwil Psy.d.
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lake View, Chicago, IL 60657
I provide a warm, supportive environment for individual adults, adolescents, and couples.
Welcome, you have just taken a step closer to living the life that you want for yourself! When life challenges are greater than the skills and support that we have, personal problems erupt. I believe that human suffering is an inherent part of life. I am committed to helping people overcome life challenges and achieve greater life satisfaction.
I provide a warm, supportive environment for individual adults, adolescents, and couples.
Welcome, you have just taken a step closer to living the life that you want for yourself! When life challenges are greater than the skills and support that we have, personal problems erupt. I believe that human suffering is an inherent part of life. I am committed to helping people overcome life challenges and achieve greater life satisfaction.
(773) 747-6265 View (773) 747-6265
Photo of Stephanie Quigley, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Lake View, Chicago, IL
Stephanie Quigley
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Lake View, Chicago, IL 60657
I bring a compassionate, authentic, and genuine approach in working with individuals and couples. My practice is founded upon great empathy and the belief that each client has the potential to lead the meaningful life they envision for themselves. In entering the therapeutic process, treatment will evoke insight, and provide an accepting space to achieve goals developed in a solution-focused and collaborative manner.
I bring a compassionate, authentic, and genuine approach in working with individuals and couples. My practice is founded upon great empathy and the belief that each client has the potential to lead the meaningful life they envision for themselves. In entering the therapeutic process, treatment will evoke insight, and provide an accepting space to achieve goals developed in a solution-focused and collaborative manner.
(312) 533-4288 View (312) 533-4288
Photo of Michele Beth Williams, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Lake View, Chicago, IL
Michele Beth Williams
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW, MA
Verified Verified
Lake View, Chicago, IL 60657  (Online Only)
Do you want a happier, healthier life? With over 30 years of experience as a therapist, I provide individual and couples therapy in a supportive and caring atmosphere. Using a variety of methods, I meet my clients where they are and teach self-soothing, communication skills, stress management, and how to build a good support system.
Do you want a happier, healthier life? With over 30 years of experience as a therapist, I provide individual and couples therapy in a supportive and caring atmosphere. Using a variety of methods, I meet my clients where they are and teach self-soothing, communication skills, stress management, and how to build a good support system.
(312) 847-1141 View (312) 847-1141
Photo of Joyce Bookshester, Psychologist in Lake View, Chicago, IL
Joyce Bookshester
Psychologist, PsyD, MA
Verified Verified
Lake View, Chicago, IL 60613  (Online Only)
I am a Licensed Clinical Psychologist with over 25 years of experience in child and adolescent psychology and individual, couples and family therapy.
Life's challenges often take us by surprise. Having a strategic plan and support can help one face a challenge that may be accompanied by anxiety, depression, grief and as well as the impact of individual, marital and child and family life cycle stages. With more than 25 years of experience as a Clinical Psychologist, I focus on assisting children and adolescents,individuals, couples and families to aquire the necessary skills to confront life's challenges.
I am a Licensed Clinical Psychologist with over 25 years of experience in child and adolescent psychology and individual, couples and family therapy.
Life's challenges often take us by surprise. Having a strategic plan and support can help one face a challenge that may be accompanied by anxiety, depression, grief and as well as the impact of individual, marital and child and family life cycle stages. With more than 25 years of experience as a Clinical Psychologist, I focus on assisting children and adolescents,individuals, couples and families to aquire the necessary skills to confront life's challenges.
(312) 300-6912 View (312) 300-6912
Photo of Karen Caldwell Littleton, Counselor in Lake View, Chicago, IL
Karen Caldwell Littleton
Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Lake View, Chicago, IL 60613  (Online Only)
We use my training in counseling, your expertise of your life, and our relationship to create a new narrative with less suffering and more meaning.
It can sometimes be really hard to ask for help so you've taken an important step for yourself by exploring therapy options. Whether you’re dealing with situational emotional distress or struggling to manage living with a more significant mental health challenge, it is important that you know you are not alone. There is hope! I am committed to providing an affirming and shame free space for your counseling journey. We will work together to understand the root cause of your concerns and find real solutions.
We use my training in counseling, your expertise of your life, and our relationship to create a new narrative with less suffering and more meaning.
It can sometimes be really hard to ask for help so you've taken an important step for yourself by exploring therapy options. Whether you’re dealing with situational emotional distress or struggling to manage living with a more significant mental health challenge, it is important that you know you are not alone. There is hope! I am committed to providing an affirming and shame free space for your counseling journey. We will work together to understand the root cause of your concerns and find real solutions.
(872) 713-5150 View (872) 713-5150
Photo of Allison Jensen Reifsteck, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lake View, Chicago, IL
Allison Jensen Reifsteck
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Lake View, Chicago, IL 60657
Allison is a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC pending) with a master’s degree in Counseling Psychology from North Park University. She works with individuals and couples to overcome life’s challenges. With a background in Linguistics, she believes in the power of communication and understanding of one’s internal motivations to navigate life’s challenges. She seeks to integrate one’s life experiences by identifying stressors and traumas to help clients find meaning in their day-to-day lives and relationships. She believes passionately in the healing that is available to individuals and loves to help them reach their potential.
Allison is a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC pending) with a master’s degree in Counseling Psychology from North Park University. She works with individuals and couples to overcome life’s challenges. With a background in Linguistics, she believes in the power of communication and understanding of one’s internal motivations to navigate life’s challenges. She seeks to integrate one’s life experiences by identifying stressors and traumas to help clients find meaning in their day-to-day lives and relationships. She believes passionately in the healing that is available to individuals and loves to help them reach their potential.
(773) 825-6383 View (773) 825-6383
Photo of Lydia Greenberg, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Lake View, Chicago, IL
Lydia Greenberg
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lake View, Chicago, IL 60657
I work to create a warm and welcoming space for clients to bring their full selves without judgement. I draw from different therapeutic approaches depending on what each client needs, including relational psychotherapy, mindfulness practice, trauma-informed care, and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to help clients identify and work towards the changes they want to see within themselves and their relationships. I believe that building a supportive relationship with each client is at the foundation for growth and healing in therapy.
I work to create a warm and welcoming space for clients to bring their full selves without judgement. I draw from different therapeutic approaches depending on what each client needs, including relational psychotherapy, mindfulness practice, trauma-informed care, and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to help clients identify and work towards the changes they want to see within themselves and their relationships. I believe that building a supportive relationship with each client is at the foundation for growth and healing in therapy.
(872) 219-0229 View (872) 219-0229
Photo of Lisset Jimenez, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lake View, Chicago, IL
Lisset Jimenez
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA
Verified Verified
Lake View, Chicago, IL 60657  (Online Only)
Reaching out for mental health support can be an overwhelming process, but can yield transformative results in your life. Whether it’s the stress of daily life or a history of trauma, you deserve to feel relief. I have had the privilege of working with diverse populations and addressing a variety of concerns including mood and anxiety disorders, identity concerns, multicultural issues, life transitions, grief, relationship issues, ADHD, trauma, and more.
Reaching out for mental health support can be an overwhelming process, but can yield transformative results in your life. Whether it’s the stress of daily life or a history of trauma, you deserve to feel relief. I have had the privilege of working with diverse populations and addressing a variety of concerns including mood and anxiety disorders, identity concerns, multicultural issues, life transitions, grief, relationship issues, ADHD, trauma, and more.
(872) 266-8270 View (872) 266-8270
Photo of Niquie Dworkin, Psychologist in Lake View, Chicago, IL
Niquie Dworkin
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lake View, Chicago, IL 60657
I am a Psypact provider. I have a warm and interactive style and work to form a safe, trusting relationship with you. I adapt my approach to address your specific needs and can help you break behavior patterns quickly and improve relationships, self awareness, and self-esteem. I have advanced training in psychoanalytic, couple, group, and dialectical behavior therapy. I have expertise in treating eating disorders, personality disorders, addictive and compulsive behavior, trauma, anxiety, depression, relationship issues, high conflict couples, and grief and traumatic loss. I see adults, adolescents, couples, families and groups.
I am a Psypact provider. I have a warm and interactive style and work to form a safe, trusting relationship with you. I adapt my approach to address your specific needs and can help you break behavior patterns quickly and improve relationships, self awareness, and self-esteem. I have advanced training in psychoanalytic, couple, group, and dialectical behavior therapy. I have expertise in treating eating disorders, personality disorders, addictive and compulsive behavior, trauma, anxiety, depression, relationship issues, high conflict couples, and grief and traumatic loss. I see adults, adolescents, couples, families and groups.
(773) 747-6730 View (773) 747-6730
Photo of Jeff Zacharias, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Lake View, Chicago, IL
Jeff Zacharias
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, ACSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Lake View, Chicago, IL 60657
There are numerous reasons why an individual makes a decision to seek therapy. From my perspective, the key factor in being able to examine your individual reasons is based upon the relationship between yourself and your therapist. I offer a safe, supportive, non-judgmental environment in order to explore your individual needs with a commitment to placing the highest priority on your care. We will work collaboratively to identify and address your concerns in order to foster meaningful change in your life. My clinical experience has included working not only with individuals but couples, families and groups.
There are numerous reasons why an individual makes a decision to seek therapy. From my perspective, the key factor in being able to examine your individual reasons is based upon the relationship between yourself and your therapist. I offer a safe, supportive, non-judgmental environment in order to explore your individual needs with a commitment to placing the highest priority on your care. We will work collaboratively to identify and address your concerns in order to foster meaningful change in your life. My clinical experience has included working not only with individuals but couples, families and groups.
(773) 295-7727 View (773) 295-7727
Photo of Liliana Ciupeiu, Pre-Licensed Professional in Lake View, Chicago, IL
Liliana Ciupeiu
Pre-Licensed Professional, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lake View, Chicago, IL 60657
I have experience working with all ages: children, adolescents, young adults, families, and couples; and with those presenting with anxiety, depression, PTSD, CPTSD, developmental disorders, and chronic mental illness, among others. I am grounded in psychodynamic therapy, with an emphasis on attachment based interventions and Family Systems. Furthermore, I integrate different therapies (when needed), taking into consideration the complexity of multicultural perspectives that shape our lives, to meet the unique needs of each individual. I have conducted neuropsychological assessments, and am currently Adjunct Faculty at ISPP.
I have experience working with all ages: children, adolescents, young adults, families, and couples; and with those presenting with anxiety, depression, PTSD, CPTSD, developmental disorders, and chronic mental illness, among others. I am grounded in psychodynamic therapy, with an emphasis on attachment based interventions and Family Systems. Furthermore, I integrate different therapies (when needed), taking into consideration the complexity of multicultural perspectives that shape our lives, to meet the unique needs of each individual. I have conducted neuropsychological assessments, and am currently Adjunct Faculty at ISPP.
(872) 241-2225 View (872) 241-2225
Photo of Lisa Mala LCSW - Element Therapy Group, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Lake View, Chicago, IL
Lisa Mala LCSW - Element Therapy Group
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lake View, Chicago, IL 60657
Others may be working through different life transitions, career struggles, or relationship issues.
Therapy is a unique opportunity to find peace within ourselves. While it may be difficult to find the right therapist to work with, I find my warm, empathetic, friendly, straight-forward approach help my clients work through issues to find transformation and purpose in their life, as we collaboratively work to find the right approach that fits for you. I have expertise working with clients in Perinatal Mental Health, infertility challenges, all phases of pregnancy, including pre and post, and the loss of identity while in new parenting roles and different parenting challenges, which I have completed certification training.
Others may be working through different life transitions, career struggles, or relationship issues.
Therapy is a unique opportunity to find peace within ourselves. While it may be difficult to find the right therapist to work with, I find my warm, empathetic, friendly, straight-forward approach help my clients work through issues to find transformation and purpose in their life, as we collaboratively work to find the right approach that fits for you. I have expertise working with clients in Perinatal Mental Health, infertility challenges, all phases of pregnancy, including pre and post, and the loss of identity while in new parenting roles and different parenting challenges, which I have completed certification training.
(773) 830-3414 View (773) 830-3414
Photo of Kalea Abernathy, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lake View, Chicago, IL
Kalea Abernathy
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lake View, Chicago, IL 60657
I believe that the key aspects of counseling are empathy, collaboration, and unconditional positive regard. With these foundational pieces, I work with my clients to create a trusting therapeutic relationship where individuals feel safe to process their past and present and feel empowered to achieve their goals. I have experience helping individuals address complex trauma, anxiety, depression, OCD, ADHD, and ODD. I integrate multiple lenses such as dialectical behavior therapy, cognitive behavior therapy, person-centered, and psychodynamic to better help and understand my clients.
I believe that the key aspects of counseling are empathy, collaboration, and unconditional positive regard. With these foundational pieces, I work with my clients to create a trusting therapeutic relationship where individuals feel safe to process their past and present and feel empowered to achieve their goals. I have experience helping individuals address complex trauma, anxiety, depression, OCD, ADHD, and ODD. I integrate multiple lenses such as dialectical behavior therapy, cognitive behavior therapy, person-centered, and psychodynamic to better help and understand my clients.
(872) 259-5470 x502 View (872) 259-5470 x502
Photo of Myrna Abdel-Aziz, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lake View, Chicago, IL
Myrna Abdel-Aziz
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC, MA
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Lake View, Chicago, IL 60613
I've worked to help individuals struggling with anxiety, depression, trauma, PTSD, bipolar disorder, relationship conflicts, life transitions, cultural, and self-esteem related issues.
Healing can be a daunting process and I believe no individual should have to go through it alone. The healing journey is unique to each person therefore I strive to create a warm, accepting, and collaborative environment through non-judgment and cultural humility. My main goal is to empower clients to recognize their own resilience despite the obstacles they face. Through a person-centered and diversity affirming lens, I work to create a positive dynamic with each client, meanwhile helping you recognize the impacts that your thoughts and behaviors have on your ability to lead a fulfilling life.
I've worked to help individuals struggling with anxiety, depression, trauma, PTSD, bipolar disorder, relationship conflicts, life transitions, cultural, and self-esteem related issues.
Healing can be a daunting process and I believe no individual should have to go through it alone. The healing journey is unique to each person therefore I strive to create a warm, accepting, and collaborative environment through non-judgment and cultural humility. My main goal is to empower clients to recognize their own resilience despite the obstacles they face. Through a person-centered and diversity affirming lens, I work to create a positive dynamic with each client, meanwhile helping you recognize the impacts that your thoughts and behaviors have on your ability to lead a fulfilling life.
(872) 713-9494 View (872) 713-9494
Photo of Dr. Pascale Piron, Counselor in Lake View, Chicago, IL
Dr. Pascale Piron
Counselor, PsyD, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Lake View, Chicago, IL 60613
As a results oriented clinician, I welcome clients across the lifespan for individual, couples, and family therapy. My specialization is working with clients facing depression, trauma, grief and loss, infertility, self-esteem, mood and motivational challenges. My approach to psychotherapy is insight based integrated with other methods to meet the unique needs and goals of my clients. Additionally, my interests expand to family psychology, supporting clients through separation and divorce as well as parent-child therapeutic reintegration and reunification therapy.
As a results oriented clinician, I welcome clients across the lifespan for individual, couples, and family therapy. My specialization is working with clients facing depression, trauma, grief and loss, infertility, self-esteem, mood and motivational challenges. My approach to psychotherapy is insight based integrated with other methods to meet the unique needs and goals of my clients. Additionally, my interests expand to family psychology, supporting clients through separation and divorce as well as parent-child therapeutic reintegration and reunification therapy.
(773) 839-3334 View (773) 839-3334
Photo of Shannon A Daidone, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Lake View, Chicago, IL
Shannon A Daidone
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, MA, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lake View, Chicago, IL 60657  (Online Only)
I have experience working in both inpatient, outpatient and community-based services with a variety of clients experiencing challenges including: substance use, severe mental illness, anxiety, depression, traumatic experiences, self-esteem/identity issues, life transitions, grief/loss, relationship issues, and difficulties finding work life balance.
Life can be difficult and messy, but also beautiful. I believe wholeheartedly in helping others find the beauty and balance the uncertainty in their lives through a collaborative process. As your therapist, I will listen and provide support and guidance on your journey. I believe growth and change are best fostered in an environment where you feel heard, seen, respected, safe, and valued. My goal is to create a safe and non-judgmental space where growth is cultivated to find a deeper understanding of self and ultimately evolve as you discover the power within yourself to create lasting change.
I have experience working in both inpatient, outpatient and community-based services with a variety of clients experiencing challenges including: substance use, severe mental illness, anxiety, depression, traumatic experiences, self-esteem/identity issues, life transitions, grief/loss, relationship issues, and difficulties finding work life balance.
Life can be difficult and messy, but also beautiful. I believe wholeheartedly in helping others find the beauty and balance the uncertainty in their lives through a collaborative process. As your therapist, I will listen and provide support and guidance on your journey. I believe growth and change are best fostered in an environment where you feel heard, seen, respected, safe, and valued. My goal is to create a safe and non-judgmental space where growth is cultivated to find a deeper understanding of self and ultimately evolve as you discover the power within yourself to create lasting change.
(872) 204-1514 View (872) 204-1514
Photo of Neha Chandani, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lake View, Chicago, IL
Neha Chandani
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MA, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lake View, Chicago, IL 60613
As a collaborative counselor, I create a therapeutic relationship that is genuine, warm, and non-judgmental. My approach is centered on considering the client as expert while working to help you reach stability, manage your challenges, and reach your goals. Coming from a cultural background where mental health is often stigmatized, I understand that seeking support can be difficult and therefore I aim to create a welcoming space for you ... a space of empowerment, improvement, and healing.
As a collaborative counselor, I create a therapeutic relationship that is genuine, warm, and non-judgmental. My approach is centered on considering the client as expert while working to help you reach stability, manage your challenges, and reach your goals. Coming from a cultural background where mental health is often stigmatized, I understand that seeking support can be difficult and therefore I aim to create a welcoming space for you ... a space of empowerment, improvement, and healing.
(872) 246-7981 View (872) 246-7981
Photo of Dixon Irene, Pre-Licensed Professional in Lake View, Chicago, IL
Dixon Irene
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Lake View, Chicago, IL 60657
Waitlist for new clients
I know (intimately!) how painful it is to trust a therapist and have the relationship fall short of your expectations or even be harmful.
I'm a transsexual and gender nonconforming mental health professional who provides support, guidance, and a space to interrogate deeper questions. I prefer to do therapy that emphasizes that you are the expert of your life; I’m not interested in pushing you to believe what I say or even believe that I have advice for you to follow. I want our therapeutic relationship to be a place where you are supported in challenges, not pressured; I’m willing to bet you have plenty of pressure in the rest of your life. I'm available for teletherapy in NY as well as in person and teletherapy in Illinois.
I know (intimately!) how painful it is to trust a therapist and have the relationship fall short of your expectations or even be harmful.
I'm a transsexual and gender nonconforming mental health professional who provides support, guidance, and a space to interrogate deeper questions. I prefer to do therapy that emphasizes that you are the expert of your life; I’m not interested in pushing you to believe what I say or even believe that I have advice for you to follow. I want our therapeutic relationship to be a place where you are supported in challenges, not pressured; I’m willing to bet you have plenty of pressure in the rest of your life. I'm available for teletherapy in NY as well as in person and teletherapy in Illinois.
(773) 985-5239 View (773) 985-5239
Photo of Robert Ballantyne, Psychologist in Lake View, Chicago, IL
Robert Ballantyne
Psychologist, PsyD, CYT-200
Verified Verified
11 Endorsed
Lake View, Chicago, IL 60657
I also specialize in Couples Therapy.
For the past 15+ years, I have had the pleasure of helping individuals and couples find relief from life's stressors. I work with a wide range of concerns and am especially effective with life transitions, depression, anxiety, relationship, LGBTQ, grief, and family stressors. I aim to provide a safe, supportive, confidential space to help you deepen your self-understanding, change problematic patterns, and enhance self-esteem. As a feminist and multicultural psychologist, I am also sensitive to the ways oppression and marginalization affect psychological wellbeing, and I welcome clients from diverse backgrounds and identities.
I also specialize in Couples Therapy.
For the past 15+ years, I have had the pleasure of helping individuals and couples find relief from life's stressors. I work with a wide range of concerns and am especially effective with life transitions, depression, anxiety, relationship, LGBTQ, grief, and family stressors. I aim to provide a safe, supportive, confidential space to help you deepen your self-understanding, change problematic patterns, and enhance self-esteem. As a feminist and multicultural psychologist, I am also sensitive to the ways oppression and marginalization affect psychological wellbeing, and I welcome clients from diverse backgrounds and identities.
(313) 307-4772 View (313) 307-4772

See more therapy options for Lake View, Chicago

Couples Counseling Therapists

Does couples counseling work?

Research shows that couples counseling is effective; it can reduce relationship distress and improve emotional awareness, communication, empathy, intimacy, and overall relationship satisfaction. For example, emotionally focused therapy was found to be effective for about 75 percent of couples, and those benefits lasted at least two years.

When should a couple seek counseling?

Couples can benefit from counseling if they consistently struggle in their relationship. They may have lost the ability to communicate effectively, become entrenched in harmful patterns, begun to fight more than usual, broken the other’s trust, suffered from a mental or physical illness, or faced any number of other challenges. Many therapists offer free consultations, so if a couple isn’t sure whether therapy is necessary, asking directly can provide clarity.

How can I get my partner to go to couples therapy?

The decision to seek couples therapy is often driven by one partner, who then convinces the other to participate. When discussing the idea, the initiator should be direct and assertive. They can state the problems they see and explain how the relationship would benefit from therapy. In more serious cases, they can also explain how their relationship may suffer without making any changes or seeking professional help.

How does a couple prepare for couples counseling?

The anticipation of beginning couples counseling can be difficult—sometimes more difficult than the first session itself. Taking a few moments to reflect can allay those concerns: What are the current challenges? When and how did they begin? What do they want the relationship to look like in the future? Reflecting on these questions can help individuals or couples articulate their goals. Of course, the therapist will also ask questions and guide couples through the process.