Photo of La Tricia Cleveland, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in 75093, TX
La Tricia Cleveland
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, LMFT-A
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Plano, TX 75093
I have a passion for helping people whether it be teens, adults, couples, families, and individuals struggling with grief, stress, anxiety, depression, self-esteem, and marital and familial conflict. My goal is to specialize in trauma in relationships, conflict, infidelity in marriage, and communication issues that plagues couples and families.
I have a passion for helping people whether it be teens, adults, couples, families, and individuals struggling with grief, stress, anxiety, depression, self-esteem, and marital and familial conflict. My goal is to specialize in trauma in relationships, conflict, infidelity in marriage, and communication issues that plagues couples and families.
(469) 535-7881 View (469) 535-7881
Photo of Laurie Poole, Licensed Professional Counselor in 75093, TX
Laurie Poole
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Plano, TX 75093
Couples therapy can help explore the triggers of your own relationship dance; the emotional wounds that may continue to surface; and help you and your partner to send clear messages for what you need from each other - all with the goal of creating a stronger relationship and connection.
Do you feel like you've lost your partner to incessant working and don't know how to connect anymore? Maybe you've been cheated on and don't know if you can get through the heart break. The relationship dance that hijacks couples into feeling stuck, distressed and disconnected is pretty overwhelming and can leave both people feeling lost about how to make things better. Does that describe some of what brought you to this page? Welcome, I'm glad you're here!
Couples therapy can help explore the triggers of your own relationship dance; the emotional wounds that may continue to surface; and help you and your partner to send clear messages for what you need from each other - all with the goal of creating a stronger relationship and connection.
Do you feel like you've lost your partner to incessant working and don't know how to connect anymore? Maybe you've been cheated on and don't know if you can get through the heart break. The relationship dance that hijacks couples into feeling stuck, distressed and disconnected is pretty overwhelming and can leave both people feeling lost about how to make things better. Does that describe some of what brought you to this page? Welcome, I'm glad you're here!
(214) 810-2615 View (214) 810-2615
Photo of Dr. R. Scott Gornto, Marriage & Family Therapist in 75093, TX
Dr. R. Scott Gornto
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, MDiv, LMFT, CST
Verified Verified
Plano, TX 75093
Dr. R. Scott Gornto, PHD, MDIV, LMFT, CST is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist, Certified Sex Therapist who works with Individuals, Couples, Families, Groups, Businesses and Leaders. Dr. Gornto has developed the innovative Auxano Approach®, which emphasizes connection and growth in all types of relationships. These two fundamental concepts are the catalyst for long-term change, giving life to the best version of you in your relationships, your marriage, and your mindset. Practicing in North Texas since 1999, Dr. Gornto works with clients from Dallas and the surrounding areas.
Dr. R. Scott Gornto, PHD, MDIV, LMFT, CST is a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist, Certified Sex Therapist who works with Individuals, Couples, Families, Groups, Businesses and Leaders. Dr. Gornto has developed the innovative Auxano Approach®, which emphasizes connection and growth in all types of relationships. These two fundamental concepts are the catalyst for long-term change, giving life to the best version of you in your relationships, your marriage, and your mindset. Practicing in North Texas since 1999, Dr. Gornto works with clients from Dallas and the surrounding areas.
(972) 301-2544 View (972) 301-2544
Photo of Donna P. Xu, Marriage & Family Therapist in 75093, TX
Donna P. Xu
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Plano, TX 75093
¡Hola a todos! Me llamo Donna, Mexicana a hueso colorado y soy bilingüe en Ingles y Español. I'm a licensed marriage and family therapist. I hold a masters in science in psychology with the specialty of marriage, individual, and family therapy. I am here to help you to the best of my ability and most of all, I'm open-minded about cultures, beliefs, sexual orientation, and walks of life. My office space is a judgment-free zone. I work with grief, anxiety, depression, intergenerational and religious trauma, losses, life transitions, and relationship issues.
¡Hola a todos! Me llamo Donna, Mexicana a hueso colorado y soy bilingüe en Ingles y Español. I'm a licensed marriage and family therapist. I hold a masters in science in psychology with the specialty of marriage, individual, and family therapy. I am here to help you to the best of my ability and most of all, I'm open-minded about cultures, beliefs, sexual orientation, and walks of life. My office space is a judgment-free zone. I work with grief, anxiety, depression, intergenerational and religious trauma, losses, life transitions, and relationship issues.
(979) 399-5929 View (979) 399-5929
Photo of Litza Christina Bodden, Licensed Professional Counselor in 75093, TX
Litza Christina Bodden
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Plano, TX 75093
Throughout my years of experience I have helped many individuals of diverse backgrounds and ages, couples, and families who needed guidance through life changes, as well as those who were facing difficult life experiences including, anxiety, depression, grief, trauma, prenatal and postnatal problems, relationship issues, and stress management.
Life can be stressful, overwhelming and even confusing. Sometimes we need to talk to someone who is understanding of our fears, concerns, and problems but also can shine a light to our inner strengths to overcome these obstacles. That is why I created, Shining Lights Counseling LLC to provide a supportive, safe environment which will empower you to explore and challenge the areas of your life that you desire to change. I will help you discover your inner strengths that will help you live a better, more enriched life.
Throughout my years of experience I have helped many individuals of diverse backgrounds and ages, couples, and families who needed guidance through life changes, as well as those who were facing difficult life experiences including, anxiety, depression, grief, trauma, prenatal and postnatal problems, relationship issues, and stress management.
Life can be stressful, overwhelming and even confusing. Sometimes we need to talk to someone who is understanding of our fears, concerns, and problems but also can shine a light to our inner strengths to overcome these obstacles. That is why I created, Shining Lights Counseling LLC to provide a supportive, safe environment which will empower you to explore and challenge the areas of your life that you desire to change. I will help you discover your inner strengths that will help you live a better, more enriched life.
(214) 891-2044 View (214) 891-2044
Photo of Dr. Alexis Kubiak, Licensed Professional Counselor in 75093, TX
Dr. Alexis Kubiak
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Plano, TX 75093
I know how hard it can be to desperately want to change your life but be unsure what direction to go, or what steps to take. Whether you are trying to recover from childhood trauma, struggling with anxiety and depression, relationship issues, family issues, or need help with self-esteem or building better boundaries I can help. I have approximately 9 years of experience working with people with differing mental health issues from all walks of life. I use a personalized approach to get to know your unique perspective and with our powers combined, you will be unstoppable!
I know how hard it can be to desperately want to change your life but be unsure what direction to go, or what steps to take. Whether you are trying to recover from childhood trauma, struggling with anxiety and depression, relationship issues, family issues, or need help with self-esteem or building better boundaries I can help. I have approximately 9 years of experience working with people with differing mental health issues from all walks of life. I use a personalized approach to get to know your unique perspective and with our powers combined, you will be unstoppable!
(972) 784-8108 View (972) 784-8108
Photo of Erica Carpenter, Marriage & Family Therapist in 75093, TX
Erica Carpenter
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT-S
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Plano, TX 75093
My specific area of focus is working with couples.
I enjoy working with couples and adult individuals from a collaborative, strengths-based approach. My focus is on helping clients to build positive relationships and find personal growth in the process. I believe that everyone has the potential to make positive change in their lives, and I see my role as walking alongside them in their journey towards this change. I also believe that many of us have trouble expressing our true, authentic selves, but that once we feel safe to do so, we thrive both individually and within our relationships. I work to create a safe space for clients to explore this authentic self.
My specific area of focus is working with couples.
I enjoy working with couples and adult individuals from a collaborative, strengths-based approach. My focus is on helping clients to build positive relationships and find personal growth in the process. I believe that everyone has the potential to make positive change in their lives, and I see my role as walking alongside them in their journey towards this change. I also believe that many of us have trouble expressing our true, authentic selves, but that once we feel safe to do so, we thrive both individually and within our relationships. I work to create a safe space for clients to explore this authentic self.
(832) 730-4288 View (832) 730-4288
Photo of Ruby Bouie Johnson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 75093, TX
Ruby Bouie Johnson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Not Verified Not Verified
Plano, TX 75093
I provide a compassionate therapeutic environment that invites you to explore and to seek solution to resolve those struggles and challenges. I listen to our narrative and your desires in our collaborative process. I offer you a safe and an affirming environment that facilitates and nurtures practical and realistic therapeutic goals. As I empower you, we cope with issues such as addiction, love and relationship problems, sexual identity, gender identity and expression, and infidelity.
I provide a compassionate therapeutic environment that invites you to explore and to seek solution to resolve those struggles and challenges. I listen to our narrative and your desires in our collaborative process. I offer you a safe and an affirming environment that facilitates and nurtures practical and realistic therapeutic goals. As I empower you, we cope with issues such as addiction, love and relationship problems, sexual identity, gender identity and expression, and infidelity.
(469) 518-2960 View (469) 518-2960
Photo of Monica Thompson, Licensed Professional Counselor in 75093, TX
Monica Thompson
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Plano, TX 75093
For couples, my goal is to provide you with the tools to build oneness in marriage or in preparation for marriage.
Q&A calls answered Mon 1-1:50 PM, Tues/Thurs/Fri 9-9:50 AM, and Wed 4-4:50 PM or schedule a free 15-minute consultation online today! What is keeping you from living the life you dream of living? My goal is to provide you with a safe and caring environment to evaluate your life and help you develop the skills to cope with daily living regardless of the events that have shaped your life.
For couples, my goal is to provide you with the tools to build oneness in marriage or in preparation for marriage.
Q&A calls answered Mon 1-1:50 PM, Tues/Thurs/Fri 9-9:50 AM, and Wed 4-4:50 PM or schedule a free 15-minute consultation online today! What is keeping you from living the life you dream of living? My goal is to provide you with a safe and caring environment to evaluate your life and help you develop the skills to cope with daily living regardless of the events that have shaped your life.
(972) 379-9105 View (972) 379-9105
Photo of Dr. Jacqueline Bentley, Marriage & Family Therapist in 75093, TX
Dr. Jacqueline Bentley
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Verified Verified
Plano, TX 75093
My specialty area is working with couples or individuals on conflict in their familial, marital or significant other relationships.
As a marriage and family therapist, I enjoy working with couples as well as families who have a desire to work towards change in their lives. My passion area is working with individuals struggling with various degrees of depression, anxiety, self esteem or relational issues. I pride myself in providing a therapeutic environment that is safe, inviting, and warm, so that you can feel comfortable working together as a team to help achieve the goals you wish to accomplish.
My specialty area is working with couples or individuals on conflict in their familial, marital or significant other relationships.
As a marriage and family therapist, I enjoy working with couples as well as families who have a desire to work towards change in their lives. My passion area is working with individuals struggling with various degrees of depression, anxiety, self esteem or relational issues. I pride myself in providing a therapeutic environment that is safe, inviting, and warm, so that you can feel comfortable working together as a team to help achieve the goals you wish to accomplish.
(972) 534-2812 View (972) 534-2812
Photo of Bob Bahlmann, Licensed Professional Counselor in 75093, TX
Bob Bahlmann
Licensed Professional Counselor, MABS, MACMHC, NBCC, NCC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Plano, TX 75093
I believe counseling is a way for everyone to process the events that have happened or are happening in their lives, and work alongside them to develop positive coping skills. Clients can expect for me to meet them where they are in life and approach our counseling relationship with empathy, interest, and intuition. I enjoy working with individuals from adolescents to adults and providing couples' counseling, including pre-marital, marriage counseling, infertility, and adoption. I have experience working with depression, anxiety, adjustment disorders, men's issues, and sex addiction.
I believe counseling is a way for everyone to process the events that have happened or are happening in their lives, and work alongside them to develop positive coping skills. Clients can expect for me to meet them where they are in life and approach our counseling relationship with empathy, interest, and intuition. I enjoy working with individuals from adolescents to adults and providing couples' counseling, including pre-marital, marriage counseling, infertility, and adoption. I have experience working with depression, anxiety, adjustment disorders, men's issues, and sex addiction.
(312) 566-8633 View (312) 566-8633
Photo of Melodie Alexander, Licensed Professional Counselor in 75093, TX
Melodie Alexander
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, LMFT-A
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Plano, TX 75093
Is your marriage everything you hoped it would be? Do you or your partner find yourselves resorting to criticism or shutting down during conflict? Or have you noticed that your relationship feels more like a roommate situation rather than a romantic relationship? Have you longed for a deeper connection with your spouse but feel you've exhausted all your options? I understand marriage can be challenging, and feeling disconnected from your spouse is one of the worst feelings. Please know that you are not alone. I am here to help. Together, we can strive towards (re)kindling the closeness and intimacy that you both desire.
Is your marriage everything you hoped it would be? Do you or your partner find yourselves resorting to criticism or shutting down during conflict? Or have you noticed that your relationship feels more like a roommate situation rather than a romantic relationship? Have you longed for a deeper connection with your spouse but feel you've exhausted all your options? I understand marriage can be challenging, and feeling disconnected from your spouse is one of the worst feelings. Please know that you are not alone. I am here to help. Together, we can strive towards (re)kindling the closeness and intimacy that you both desire.
(214) 253-8937 View (214) 253-8937
Photo of Amie McNamara, Licensed Professional Counselor in 75093, TX
Amie McNamara
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC, LCDC
Verified Verified
Plano, TX 75093
Therapy is an intensely personal process which can be both exquisitely liberating and excruciatingly difficult. To honor this, I focus on developing a strong relationship with you characterized by compassion and a suspension of judgments. No topic is off-limits in my office; nothing is "unspeakable" or "unthinkable." What I ask of my clients is to be honest and searching. I will never coerce you into divulging something before you are ready, but I may encourage you to examine the deeper meanings behind interactions that have been troubling you. Together we will uncover truths and sort through whatever may rise up.
Therapy is an intensely personal process which can be both exquisitely liberating and excruciatingly difficult. To honor this, I focus on developing a strong relationship with you characterized by compassion and a suspension of judgments. No topic is off-limits in my office; nothing is "unspeakable" or "unthinkable." What I ask of my clients is to be honest and searching. I will never coerce you into divulging something before you are ready, but I may encourage you to examine the deeper meanings behind interactions that have been troubling you. Together we will uncover truths and sort through whatever may rise up.
(214) 382-9587 View (214) 382-9587
Photo of Dr. Rachel Moore, Marriage & Family Therapist in 75093, TX
Dr. Rachel Moore
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Plano, TX 75093
I help adult and adolescent individuals, couples and families connect with themselves, with others, and with the things that bring purpose to their lives to create lasting change.
I believe healthy relationships are key to living a happier and more fulfilling life. There’s no denying that relationships are hard, especially when life throws unexpected obstacles our way. Relationships are complex, whether it be the relationship you have with yourself, or the ones with your parents, siblings, partner, family members, friends, or co-workers. Maybe you’re feeling overwhelmed, discouraged, or stuck. Perhaps you are feeling disconnected, frustrated, or unappreciated in your relationships. Or you might be on a journey of personal growth or seeking to strengthen your relationships, but are not sure where to start.
I help adult and adolescent individuals, couples and families connect with themselves, with others, and with the things that bring purpose to their lives to create lasting change.
I believe healthy relationships are key to living a happier and more fulfilling life. There’s no denying that relationships are hard, especially when life throws unexpected obstacles our way. Relationships are complex, whether it be the relationship you have with yourself, or the ones with your parents, siblings, partner, family members, friends, or co-workers. Maybe you’re feeling overwhelmed, discouraged, or stuck. Perhaps you are feeling disconnected, frustrated, or unappreciated in your relationships. Or you might be on a journey of personal growth or seeking to strengthen your relationships, but are not sure where to start.
(469) 809-4866 View (469) 809-4866
Photo of Jason Branson, Licensed Professional Counselor in 75093, TX
Jason Branson
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, BCPC, CMHIMP, CGE, C-DBT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Plano, TX 75093
LIFE IS SUPPOSED TO BE GOOD! I'm here to help custom-tailor a strategy for making this declaration a reality for YOU. Problems with communication? Suffering from anxiety or depression? Is a loss keeping you stuck? Do you have a history of abuse/trauma? I can help. Coaching services: life direction/acquisition, couples' negotiation/mediation, combatting complacency, getting started, learning when and how to let go, setting limits with self/others, learning to love yourself unconditionally. **Trained and certified by Drs. Ellyn Bader & Peter Pearson, The Couples Institute, Menlo Park, CA.
LIFE IS SUPPOSED TO BE GOOD! I'm here to help custom-tailor a strategy for making this declaration a reality for YOU. Problems with communication? Suffering from anxiety or depression? Is a loss keeping you stuck? Do you have a history of abuse/trauma? I can help. Coaching services: life direction/acquisition, couples' negotiation/mediation, combatting complacency, getting started, learning when and how to let go, setting limits with self/others, learning to love yourself unconditionally. **Trained and certified by Drs. Ellyn Bader & Peter Pearson, The Couples Institute, Menlo Park, CA.
(972) 528-8023 View (972) 528-8023
Photo of Megan Pardy, Marriage & Family Therapist in 75093, TX
Megan Pardy
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Plano, TX 75093
I believe that good relationships make the difference between surviving and thriving. I am passionate about helping you to create relationships in your life that help you to thrive. Whether that relationship is with your partner/ spouse, mother, child, sister, or even yourself, my role is to facilitate communication and understanding in order for those relationships to be what you envision. I work with individuals, families, and couples who desire to work as a team to create the change you want to see.
I believe that good relationships make the difference between surviving and thriving. I am passionate about helping you to create relationships in your life that help you to thrive. Whether that relationship is with your partner/ spouse, mother, child, sister, or even yourself, my role is to facilitate communication and understanding in order for those relationships to be what you envision. I work with individuals, families, and couples who desire to work as a team to create the change you want to see.
(972) 608-3092 View (972) 608-3092
Photo of Lysa Cage, Psychologist in 75093, TX
Lysa Cage
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Plano, TX 75093
We offer services for adults, couples, adolescents, and children.
I am passionate about working with adolescents and adults with issues related to interpersonal conflict, depression, anxiety, identifying and building coping skills, and a variety of other presenting concerns. I understand the importance of connecting multicultural and women's issues to therapeutic goals. I recognize that it can be challenging to ask for help with mental health needs. I offer a compassionate approach to treatment tailored to fit your lifestyle. Finding support to gain understanding while learning to cope with life challenges is critical to improving well-being.
We offer services for adults, couples, adolescents, and children.
I am passionate about working with adolescents and adults with issues related to interpersonal conflict, depression, anxiety, identifying and building coping skills, and a variety of other presenting concerns. I understand the importance of connecting multicultural and women's issues to therapeutic goals. I recognize that it can be challenging to ask for help with mental health needs. I offer a compassionate approach to treatment tailored to fit your lifestyle. Finding support to gain understanding while learning to cope with life challenges is critical to improving well-being.
(214) 753-8430 View (214) 753-8430
Photo of Kelley Connell, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 75093, TX
Kelley Connell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Plano, TX 75093
I have been in private practice for over 26 years. I am privileged to counsel with adolescents age 12 and above, individuals and couples. Through counseling, I provide increased awareness and understanding of one's thoughts, feelings and behaviors and how one can develop more positive experiences in many areas of life. My therapy approach is interactive and solution focused utilizing various counseling methods to help you learn new skills and gain new insights. I collaborate with you to achieve healing and growth, emotionally, intellectually, behaviorally and spiritually.
I have been in private practice for over 26 years. I am privileged to counsel with adolescents age 12 and above, individuals and couples. Through counseling, I provide increased awareness and understanding of one's thoughts, feelings and behaviors and how one can develop more positive experiences in many areas of life. My therapy approach is interactive and solution focused utilizing various counseling methods to help you learn new skills and gain new insights. I collaborate with you to achieve healing and growth, emotionally, intellectually, behaviorally and spiritually.
(972) 532-9535 View (972) 532-9535
Photo of Dr. Jennifer Kendall, Marriage & Family Therapist in 75093, TX
Dr. Jennifer Kendall
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT-S
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Plano, TX 75093
Are you struggling to balance your busy professional lives with maintaining a fulfilling relationship? Or feeling frustrated, disconnected, or stuck in unhelpful patterns of communication with your partner? As a trained couples therapist, I'm here to help you and your partner navigate these difficulties and build a stronger, more fulfilling relationship. Whether you're dealing with communication issues, trust, and betrayal, or simply feeling disconnected, my evidence-based approach can provide you with the tools you need to move forward. Don't wait to start the journey toward a healthier, happier relationship. Contact me today!
Are you struggling to balance your busy professional lives with maintaining a fulfilling relationship? Or feeling frustrated, disconnected, or stuck in unhelpful patterns of communication with your partner? As a trained couples therapist, I'm here to help you and your partner navigate these difficulties and build a stronger, more fulfilling relationship. Whether you're dealing with communication issues, trust, and betrayal, or simply feeling disconnected, my evidence-based approach can provide you with the tools you need to move forward. Don't wait to start the journey toward a healthier, happier relationship. Contact me today!
(469) 535-7548 View (469) 535-7548
Photo of Great Life Counseling Center, Psychologist in 75093, TX
Great Life Counseling Center
Psychologist, PsyD, PhD
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Plano, TX 75093
Our specialty is offering a one stop shop for everyday individuals, couples, and families who are needing support in coping with challenges.
At Great Life Counseling Center, you'll find well trained, doctoral level clinicians who genuinely care about your concerns & respond with a commitment to quality service that is difficult to find anywhere else. Great Life clinicians excel in 'strengthening relationships, enhancing lives' by providing a wide variety of clinical & educational services. The Great Life experience includes extended office hours for convenient scheduling, a comfortable & conveniently located office, and insightful, personable clinicians.
Our specialty is offering a one stop shop for everyday individuals, couples, and families who are needing support in coping with challenges.
At Great Life Counseling Center, you'll find well trained, doctoral level clinicians who genuinely care about your concerns & respond with a commitment to quality service that is difficult to find anywhere else. Great Life clinicians excel in 'strengthening relationships, enhancing lives' by providing a wide variety of clinical & educational services. The Great Life experience includes extended office hours for convenient scheduling, a comfortable & conveniently located office, and insightful, personable clinicians.
(469) 557-2141 View (469) 557-2141
Couples Counseling Therapists

Does couples counseling work?

Research shows that couples counseling is effective; it can reduce relationship distress and improve emotional awareness, communication, empathy, intimacy, and overall relationship satisfaction. For example, emotionally focused therapy was found to be effective for about 75 percent of couples, and those benefits lasted at least two years.

When should a couple seek counseling?

Couples can benefit from counseling if they consistently struggle in their relationship. They may have lost the ability to communicate effectively, become entrenched in harmful patterns, begun to fight more than usual, broken the other’s trust, suffered from a mental or physical illness, or faced any number of other challenges. Many therapists offer free consultations, so if a couple isn’t sure whether therapy is necessary, asking directly can provide clarity.

How can I get my partner to go to couples therapy?

The decision to seek couples therapy is often driven by one partner, who then convinces the other to participate. When discussing the idea, the initiator should be direct and assertive. They can state the problems they see and explain how the relationship would benefit from therapy. In more serious cases, they can also explain how their relationship may suffer without making any changes or seeking professional help.

How does a couple prepare for couples counseling?

The anticipation of beginning couples counseling can be difficult—sometimes more difficult than the first session itself. Taking a few moments to reflect can allay those concerns: What are the current challenges? When and how did they begin? What do they want the relationship to look like in the future? Reflecting on these questions can help individuals or couples articulate their goals. Of course, the therapist will also ask questions and guide couples through the process.