Therapists in Bethesda, MD

Photo of Toni Session, Counselor in Bethesda, MD
Toni Session
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Bethesda, MD 20814  (Online Only)
Hi there, I am Toni. One word used to describe me would be genuine. I am a therapist and life coach who is all about her client. My goal is to learn everything I can about you so I can help you become your best self. I practice from a person-centered approach with a focus in Solution Focused Therapy as well as Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). Also, by listening and building a therapeutic alliance with you. I incorporate techniques specifically catered to you. Thank you for allowing me the opportunity to work with you.
Hi there, I am Toni. One word used to describe me would be genuine. I am a therapist and life coach who is all about her client. My goal is to learn everything I can about you so I can help you become your best self. I practice from a person-centered approach with a focus in Solution Focused Therapy as well as Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT). Also, by listening and building a therapeutic alliance with you. I incorporate techniques specifically catered to you. Thank you for allowing me the opportunity to work with you.
(240) 641-1047 View (240) 641-1047
Photo of Daniel Turetsky, Psychologist in Bethesda, MD
Daniel Turetsky
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Bethesda, MD 20814  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I have been helping individuals and couples work through difficult issues in order to have a more fulfilling life for over fifteen years. Having been trained to work with people across the lifespan has enabled me to integrate an understanding of the origins, development and resolution of behavior and relationship patterns which are presently holding the client back from important accomplishments or feelings of well-being in their lives, even though these patterns may very well have historically originated out of a functional need.
I have been helping individuals and couples work through difficult issues in order to have a more fulfilling life for over fifteen years. Having been trained to work with people across the lifespan has enabled me to integrate an understanding of the origins, development and resolution of behavior and relationship patterns which are presently holding the client back from important accomplishments or feelings of well-being in their lives, even though these patterns may very well have historically originated out of a functional need.
(301) 852-6236 View (301) 852-6236
Photo of Brian Corrado, Psychologist in Bethesda, MD
Brian Corrado
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Bethesda, MD 20814
Welcome to my practice. I like to work with my clients in a respectful, collaborative way to help them to move forward in their lives. My approach is to help clients to balance mindfulness, acceptance, and change strategies so that they can reach their goals. I have a special interest in the use of mindfulness-informed and evidence-based therapies. I strive to work with you to help you reach your goals as quickly as possible. Please contact me for more information.
Welcome to my practice. I like to work with my clients in a respectful, collaborative way to help them to move forward in their lives. My approach is to help clients to balance mindfulness, acceptance, and change strategies so that they can reach their goals. I have a special interest in the use of mindfulness-informed and evidence-based therapies. I strive to work with you to help you reach your goals as quickly as possible. Please contact me for more information.
(301) 918-5945 x2 View (301) 918-5945 x2
Photo of Jessica Moore Simon, Psychologist in Bethesda, MD
Jessica Moore Simon
Psychologist, PsyD, LCPAT
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
Bethesda, MD 20814
Not accepting new clients
Not currently taking new individual patients. Dr. Jessica Simon is a Licensed Psychologist and Licensed Creative Arts Therapist practicing since 2003. She received her Master's in Creative Arts Therapy from Pratt Institute, and her Doctorate in Clinical Psychology from the George Washington University. She believes that everyone is unique and deserves an individualized treatment plan, and that psychotherapy is both an art and a science. She utilizes curiosity, self-awareness, creativity and humor to promote personal growth and healing. Respect for individual differences and all aspects of diversity is a cornerstone of her practice.
Not currently taking new individual patients. Dr. Jessica Simon is a Licensed Psychologist and Licensed Creative Arts Therapist practicing since 2003. She received her Master's in Creative Arts Therapy from Pratt Institute, and her Doctorate in Clinical Psychology from the George Washington University. She believes that everyone is unique and deserves an individualized treatment plan, and that psychotherapy is both an art and a science. She utilizes curiosity, self-awareness, creativity and humor to promote personal growth and healing. Respect for individual differences and all aspects of diversity is a cornerstone of her practice.
(301) 476-5905 View (301) 476-5905
Photo of Ilene Marto Atiyah, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bethesda, MD
Ilene Marto Atiyah
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
Bethesda, MD 20814
I am deeply passionate about supporting every person I encounter to lead a life worth living. I offer a warm and mindful space to celebrate strengths and explore challenges while balancing the dialectics of acceptance and change.
I am deeply passionate about supporting every person I encounter to lead a life worth living. I offer a warm and mindful space to celebrate strengths and explore challenges while balancing the dialectics of acceptance and change.
(240) 245-2563 View (240) 245-2563
Photo of Dr. Jon Thomas, Counselor in Bethesda, MD
Dr. Jon Thomas
Counselor, EdD, LCPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Bethesda, MD 20814  (Online Only)
I have been working with individuals, couples, and families in the Maryland area for 20 years, During my time here I have had the privileged to serve as a college chaplain, youth pastor, university professor, and mental health clinic director. At present I divide my time between serving mental health and substance abuse clinics as a clinical supervisor and consultant and running a thriving private practice. I specialize in helping other professionals fight off burnout and establish an effective work/life balance. This become increasingly important with the additional stress Covid-19 has placed on all of us.
I have been working with individuals, couples, and families in the Maryland area for 20 years, During my time here I have had the privileged to serve as a college chaplain, youth pastor, university professor, and mental health clinic director. At present I divide my time between serving mental health and substance abuse clinics as a clinical supervisor and consultant and running a thriving private practice. I specialize in helping other professionals fight off burnout and establish an effective work/life balance. This become increasingly important with the additional stress Covid-19 has placed on all of us.
(301) 710-9984 View (301) 710-9984
Photo of Kacey Dean, Counselor in Bethesda, MD
Kacey Dean
Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Bethesda, MD 20814  (Online Only)
I believe what we've been through shapes us but does not have to define us. I can help with anxiety, depression and compulsive behaviors such as problem internet usage and addictions. I also have experience with partner violence and betrayal and can help you manage the emotions that accompany those events. We all have trauma to one degree or another and often our concerning or difficult behavior patterns are attempts to not focus on our pain. I can help process the trauma and form a new relationship with it.
I believe what we've been through shapes us but does not have to define us. I can help with anxiety, depression and compulsive behaviors such as problem internet usage and addictions. I also have experience with partner violence and betrayal and can help you manage the emotions that accompany those events. We all have trauma to one degree or another and often our concerning or difficult behavior patterns are attempts to not focus on our pain. I can help process the trauma and form a new relationship with it.
(240) 534-1659 x1 View (240) 534-1659 x1
Photo of Jacinta Casey, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bethesda, MD
Jacinta Casey
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
Bethesda, MD 20817
I work with those struggling with confidence/self-esteem/self-compassion, those interested in working on emotion identification and regulation, and those struggling with inattentiveness/focus difficulties. I help those who want to build up their coping skills toolkit. I am interested in working with those striving to identify and live aligned with their values and eager to engage in therapy. I am comfortable with people who might be the first generation willing to engage and trust the therapeutic relationship. I want to work with someone who wants to find balance and acceptance in a life of suffering and joy.
I work with those struggling with confidence/self-esteem/self-compassion, those interested in working on emotion identification and regulation, and those struggling with inattentiveness/focus difficulties. I help those who want to build up their coping skills toolkit. I am interested in working with those striving to identify and live aligned with their values and eager to engage in therapy. I am comfortable with people who might be the first generation willing to engage and trust the therapeutic relationship. I want to work with someone who wants to find balance and acceptance in a life of suffering and joy.
(240) 219-9903 View (240) 219-9903
Photo of Julie Derby, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bethesda, MD
Julie Derby
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bethesda, MD 20814
I believe that therapy is a collaborative process that allows trust and authenticity to foster insight and growth. A willingness to look inward and allow space for vulnerability will bring you stronger, more authentic connections to both yourself and to the people in your life. I provide psychotherapy for adults, young adults and older adolescents in an empathetic non-judgmental environment with a focus on self-awareness, self-compassion and self-kindness. I use a variety of techniques and theories as well as warmth and a touch of humor to help move your towards healing and reaching your goals.
I believe that therapy is a collaborative process that allows trust and authenticity to foster insight and growth. A willingness to look inward and allow space for vulnerability will bring you stronger, more authentic connections to both yourself and to the people in your life. I provide psychotherapy for adults, young adults and older adolescents in an empathetic non-judgmental environment with a focus on self-awareness, self-compassion and self-kindness. I use a variety of techniques and theories as well as warmth and a touch of humor to help move your towards healing and reaching your goals.
(240) 428-2957 View (240) 428-2957
Photo of Elaine Klionsky, Psychologist in Bethesda, MD
Elaine Klionsky
Psychologist, JD, PhD
Verified Verified
Bethesda, MD 20815
Waitlist for new clients
I am committed to helping individuals and couples gain insight and make behavioral changes to enhance their lives. My focus is on relationships with friends, family, romantic partners and/or the workplace as I believe engagement in these areas is an important aspect of living a satisfying and purposeful life. I also work with those struggling with addictions, compulsions, self-destructive behavior (especially eating disorders), and balancing the competing demands of life. My professional strengths are reflected in a nonjudgmental stance and an ability to help people examine themselves and make the changes necessary to live in a more fulfilling life.
I am committed to helping individuals and couples gain insight and make behavioral changes to enhance their lives. My focus is on relationships with friends, family, romantic partners and/or the workplace as I believe engagement in these areas is an important aspect of living a satisfying and purposeful life. I also work with those struggling with addictions, compulsions, self-destructive behavior (especially eating disorders), and balancing the competing demands of life. My professional strengths are reflected in a nonjudgmental stance and an ability to help people examine themselves and make the changes necessary to live in a more fulfilling life.
(301) 244-8991 View (301) 244-8991
Photo of Carol Barnaby, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bethesda, MD
Carol Barnaby
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
Bethesda, MD 20814
I am a friendly straight forward person who believes in helping people to become "unstuck" from the problems that are holding them back from enjoying their lives. Do you suffer from anxiety? Are you struggling with being a new parent or parenting issues? Are you having a hard time making relationships work? Is your marriage in crisis? Are you suffering from a loss or grief? If you are nodding in response to these questions, then I can help you to feel better. Please contact me today to begin moving forward in your life.
I am a friendly straight forward person who believes in helping people to become "unstuck" from the problems that are holding them back from enjoying their lives. Do you suffer from anxiety? Are you struggling with being a new parent or parenting issues? Are you having a hard time making relationships work? Is your marriage in crisis? Are you suffering from a loss or grief? If you are nodding in response to these questions, then I can help you to feel better. Please contact me today to begin moving forward in your life.
(301) 852-7005 View (301) 852-7005
Photo of Cheryl Torpey, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bethesda, MD
Cheryl Torpey
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bethesda, MD 20814  (Online Only)
We at Finding Clarity believe your mental and emotional health is just as important as your physical health and well being. Just as you would see your primary doctor to maintain your physical health, counseling is here to help maintain your emotional health. I provide counseling to help individuals and their loved ones address various life issues including (but not limited to): adjustment to life transitions, end of life care, self-esteem, anxiety, depression, grief and loss, trauma, boundaries and PTSD issues.
We at Finding Clarity believe your mental and emotional health is just as important as your physical health and well being. Just as you would see your primary doctor to maintain your physical health, counseling is here to help maintain your emotional health. I provide counseling to help individuals and their loved ones address various life issues including (but not limited to): adjustment to life transitions, end of life care, self-esteem, anxiety, depression, grief and loss, trauma, boundaries and PTSD issues.
(240) 617-4159 View (240) 617-4159
Photo of Colby Whittington, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bethesda, MD
Colby Whittington
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
Bethesda, MD 20814  (Online Only)
I am a friendly, down- to earth therapist who works with adolescents (14+) and adults. I offer an affirmative, person centered approach. In session, I use a combination of cognitive-behavioral therapy, motivational interviewing, and mindfulness techniques, among others, to help you cultivate the changes you hope to see in yourself. Clients from all walks of life have found that I am compassionate, empathetic, and easy to talk to.
I am a friendly, down- to earth therapist who works with adolescents (14+) and adults. I offer an affirmative, person centered approach. In session, I use a combination of cognitive-behavioral therapy, motivational interviewing, and mindfulness techniques, among others, to help you cultivate the changes you hope to see in yourself. Clients from all walks of life have found that I am compassionate, empathetic, and easy to talk to.
(301) 321-7682 View (301) 321-7682
Photo of Diana Mayer, Marriage & Family Therapist in Bethesda, MD
Diana Mayer
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LCMFT
Verified Verified
Bethesda, MD 20814
I offer a strength base therapy approach focused on the possibilities for change. I help children, teens, adults and families get unstuck from unproductive patters of relation and practice more productive ways of communication. Being from Venezuela, and raising my own multicultural family, I am passionate by the challenges of meshing cultures to raise emphatic, tolerant and successful children and adolescents. I believe building and maintaining a successful family system requires the art of juggling. I help parents use their own resources to balance their many roles and coach kids and teens through their diverse relationships.
I offer a strength base therapy approach focused on the possibilities for change. I help children, teens, adults and families get unstuck from unproductive patters of relation and practice more productive ways of communication. Being from Venezuela, and raising my own multicultural family, I am passionate by the challenges of meshing cultures to raise emphatic, tolerant and successful children and adolescents. I believe building and maintaining a successful family system requires the art of juggling. I help parents use their own resources to balance their many roles and coach kids and teens through their diverse relationships.
(202) 793-7867 View (202) 793-7867
Photo of Jody Tabner Thayer, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bethesda, MD
Jody Tabner Thayer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Bethesda, MD 20814
Not accepting new clients
A positive therapy experience centers on a collaborative relationship. Together we will work to understand you fully, so as to reduce your suffering and enhance your sense of contentment and purpose. With a compassionate and nonjudgmental partner, you will be able to look more closely, deeply and openly at the patterns that keep you from feeling your best.
A positive therapy experience centers on a collaborative relationship. Together we will work to understand you fully, so as to reduce your suffering and enhance your sense of contentment and purpose. With a compassionate and nonjudgmental partner, you will be able to look more closely, deeply and openly at the patterns that keep you from feeling your best.
(240) 623-2223 View (240) 623-2223
Photo of Syd Brown, Psychologist in Bethesda, MD
Syd Brown
Psychologist, PhD, ABN, ABPP
Verified Verified
Bethesda, MD 20814
I am Board Certified in both Clinical and Neuropsychology, and my practice has evolved over the years to a primary focus on evaluations. Psychoeducational evaluations focus on academic skills and functioning, with ADD/ADHD, Learning Disabilities, and Autism Spectrum Disorders being of particular concern. These evaluations often lead to accommodations in schools and colleges and on standardized admissions tests. Neuropsychological evaluations examine the impact of psychiatric and neurological disorders on cognitive and emotional functioning. Cogscreen--AE evaluations are conducted to screen pilots and air traffic controllers.
I am Board Certified in both Clinical and Neuropsychology, and my practice has evolved over the years to a primary focus on evaluations. Psychoeducational evaluations focus on academic skills and functioning, with ADD/ADHD, Learning Disabilities, and Autism Spectrum Disorders being of particular concern. These evaluations often lead to accommodations in schools and colleges and on standardized admissions tests. Neuropsychological evaluations examine the impact of psychiatric and neurological disorders on cognitive and emotional functioning. Cogscreen--AE evaluations are conducted to screen pilots and air traffic controllers.
(301) 685-0681 View (301) 685-0681
Photo of Kim Witkowski, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Bethesda, MD
Kim Witkowski
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Bethesda, MD 20814  (Online Only)
Dr. Kim Witkowski, M.A., M.Ed.,Ph.D. is a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor providing services for clients in Maryland, South Carolina and New Jersey. With 30 years of clinical experience her specialty areas are addressed incorporating a holistic approach which includes work/life balance and a healthy lifestyle. Dr. Witkowski recognizes the importance of an individual's spiritual life. This practice welcomes clients of all faiths.
Dr. Kim Witkowski, M.A., M.Ed.,Ph.D. is a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor providing services for clients in Maryland, South Carolina and New Jersey. With 30 years of clinical experience her specialty areas are addressed incorporating a holistic approach which includes work/life balance and a healthy lifestyle. Dr. Witkowski recognizes the importance of an individual's spiritual life. This practice welcomes clients of all faiths.
(240) 213-5167 x1 View (240) 213-5167 x1
Photo of Therapy with Empathy, LLC, Psychologist in Bethesda, MD
Therapy with Empathy, LLC
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Bethesda, MD 20814  (Online Only)
Do you ever wonder if it is possible to experience more enjoyment or peace of mind and heart? I work with clients to identify sources of worry, unhappiness or self-criticism. Together we identify one's strengths and build on those strengths in a positive, supportive way to create a life one would like to live and experience. I employ strategies from family systems, solution-focused, cognitive-behavioral, self-compassion, psychodynamic and mindfulness models in my practice. I work with individuals, couples, families and first and second generation immigrants in a collaborative and compassionate manner.
Do you ever wonder if it is possible to experience more enjoyment or peace of mind and heart? I work with clients to identify sources of worry, unhappiness or self-criticism. Together we identify one's strengths and build on those strengths in a positive, supportive way to create a life one would like to live and experience. I employ strategies from family systems, solution-focused, cognitive-behavioral, self-compassion, psychodynamic and mindfulness models in my practice. I work with individuals, couples, families and first and second generation immigrants in a collaborative and compassionate manner.
(301) 812-4725 View (301) 812-4725
Photo of Lisa Zimmerman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Bethesda, MD
Lisa Zimmerman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW, LCSW-C, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Bethesda, MD 20814  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
On the outside, it looks like you have it all together. You have a good job, a stable relationship and a strong network of friends. But on the inside, it’s a completely different story. You’re always comparing yourself to others and feel like you never measure up. You feel like a fraud at work and are sure that someday you’re going to be found out. To make up for all the flaws you’re sure you have, you go out of your way to be accommodating and dependable. Putting other people’s needs before your own has become second nature. And you’re exhausted.
On the outside, it looks like you have it all together. You have a good job, a stable relationship and a strong network of friends. But on the inside, it’s a completely different story. You’re always comparing yourself to others and feel like you never measure up. You feel like a fraud at work and are sure that someday you’re going to be found out. To make up for all the flaws you’re sure you have, you go out of your way to be accommodating and dependable. Putting other people’s needs before your own has become second nature. And you’re exhausted.
(240) 213-9174 View (240) 213-9174
Photo of Diane Gilman, Psychologist in Bethesda, MD
Diane Gilman
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Bethesda, MD 20816
Are you experiencing chronic illness or pain? Do you feel stress, anxiety, and depression emotionally AND physically? My practice focuses on treating both the mind and the body using a caring, holistic approach. I am a certified Integrative Medicine Mental Health Provider, and have 15 years of experience working with adults, teens, children, couples, and families experiencing illness/pain, anxiety, phobias, OCD, depression, eating disorders, difficulty with life transitions and relationships, weight loss, and smoking struggles. I empower my clients in a safe environment by teaching them real-life techniques to ensure fast results.
Are you experiencing chronic illness or pain? Do you feel stress, anxiety, and depression emotionally AND physically? My practice focuses on treating both the mind and the body using a caring, holistic approach. I am a certified Integrative Medicine Mental Health Provider, and have 15 years of experience working with adults, teens, children, couples, and families experiencing illness/pain, anxiety, phobias, OCD, depression, eating disorders, difficulty with life transitions and relationships, weight loss, and smoking struggles. I empower my clients in a safe environment by teaching them real-life techniques to ensure fast results.
(301) 861-0668 View (301) 861-0668

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Bethesda, MD

1,000+

Average cost per session

$180

Therapists in Bethesda, MD who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
90% Depression
77% Relationship Issues
74% Self Esteem
66% Coping Skills
63% Trauma and PTSD
61% Grief

Average years in practice

14 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

64% BlueCross and BlueShield
62% CareFirst
57% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Bethesda, MD see their clients

60% In Person and Online
40% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
17% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Bethesda?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.