Therapists in New York, NY

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Photo of Jed Turnbull, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Jed Turnbull
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PhD, LCSW, CHT
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10011
Any form of psychotherapy must be guided by one overarching purpose: to help you achieve your goals. Treatment alleviates distress and results in greater inner strength. Accordingly, therapy must be a constructive experience, and as work proceeds, you'll experience advances in your sense of well-being. On the whole, expect an upward trend of hope and greater self-esteem. Your capacity for intimacy with others and your sense of fulfillment will increase, concomitant with a decrease in suffering and pain. Psychotherapy helps to establish a profound, meaningful and healthy sense of connectedness with your world and those in it.
Any form of psychotherapy must be guided by one overarching purpose: to help you achieve your goals. Treatment alleviates distress and results in greater inner strength. Accordingly, therapy must be a constructive experience, and as work proceeds, you'll experience advances in your sense of well-being. On the whole, expect an upward trend of hope and greater self-esteem. Your capacity for intimacy with others and your sense of fulfillment will increase, concomitant with a decrease in suffering and pain. Psychotherapy helps to establish a profound, meaningful and healthy sense of connectedness with your world and those in it.
(917) 746-5189 View (917) 746-5189
Photo of Nancy Dakota Adlman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Nancy Dakota Adlman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10025
I have been in the field for over 30 years. I am not your traditional therapist. I go above and beyond to assist your journey and to empower and and enhance your life and goals. We work to release patterns which no longer serve you and to move forward with wonder and awe rather than fear and trepidation. This is a collaborative effort and a life transforming path ahead if you are serious about the process and honoring the work and bringing yourself back into wholeness and authenticity.
I have been in the field for over 30 years. I am not your traditional therapist. I go above and beyond to assist your journey and to empower and and enhance your life and goals. We work to release patterns which no longer serve you and to move forward with wonder and awe rather than fear and trepidation. This is a collaborative effort and a life transforming path ahead if you are serious about the process and honoring the work and bringing yourself back into wholeness and authenticity.
(646) 692-0057 View (646) 692-0057
Photo of Beth A Althofer, Licensed Psychoanalyst in New York, NY
Beth A Althofer
Licensed Psychoanalyst, PhD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10021
"How many therapists does it take to change a light bulb?"..."One, but the light bulb has to want to change!" My clients share a genuine desire for self-understanding and motivation for change. But my practice is truly diverse: adults of all ages, nationalities,ethnic backgrounds and sexual orientations. In addition to writers, performing and visual artists, I treat professionals, non-professionals, stay-at-home parents and retirees. I work with adult ADD and specialize in life transitions. I work best with clients who want a true therapeutic partner and an interactive approach.
"How many therapists does it take to change a light bulb?"..."One, but the light bulb has to want to change!" My clients share a genuine desire for self-understanding and motivation for change. But my practice is truly diverse: adults of all ages, nationalities,ethnic backgrounds and sexual orientations. In addition to writers, performing and visual artists, I treat professionals, non-professionals, stay-at-home parents and retirees. I work with adult ADD and specialize in life transitions. I work best with clients who want a true therapeutic partner and an interactive approach.
(646) 791-3310 View (646) 791-3310
Photo of Israel Z Meth, Pre-Licensed Professional in New York, NY
Israel Z Meth
Pre-Licensed Professional, PhD, JD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10018
As a compassionate, thoughtful, experienced and well trained postdoctoral psychologist, I am very interested in getting to know you and your struggles. I work with individuals, couples, families, and groups in many life stages, from late adolescence to older adulthood. My work is relational and collaborative, starting with creating a safe, non-judgmental space in which you can feel increasingly comfortable and open to sharing with me your symptoms, experiences, behaviors and relationship patterns. I will help you to understand and negotiate the external and internal obstacles preventing you from achieving contentment in your life.
As a compassionate, thoughtful, experienced and well trained postdoctoral psychologist, I am very interested in getting to know you and your struggles. I work with individuals, couples, families, and groups in many life stages, from late adolescence to older adulthood. My work is relational and collaborative, starting with creating a safe, non-judgmental space in which you can feel increasingly comfortable and open to sharing with me your symptoms, experiences, behaviors and relationship patterns. I will help you to understand and negotiate the external and internal obstacles preventing you from achieving contentment in your life.
(646) 779-8643 View (646) 779-8643
Photo of Cassie Peterson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Cassie Peterson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10038
I have been a psychotherapist for 12 years, specializing in individual and couples therapy for adults. I practice primarily from a psychodynamic approach with emphasis on the immediate, relational aspects of treatment. I work to build safety, trust, and intimacy between us so that we can explore the deeper patterns that may be affecting your life. I also incorporate a trauma-informed lens to help clients better understand and transform the effects of past events. I specialize in working with both acute and complex trauma, and understand the gravity of social trauma and the insidious ways that oppression can hinder us.
I have been a psychotherapist for 12 years, specializing in individual and couples therapy for adults. I practice primarily from a psychodynamic approach with emphasis on the immediate, relational aspects of treatment. I work to build safety, trust, and intimacy between us so that we can explore the deeper patterns that may be affecting your life. I also incorporate a trauma-informed lens to help clients better understand and transform the effects of past events. I specialize in working with both acute and complex trauma, and understand the gravity of social trauma and the insidious ways that oppression can hinder us.
(347) 947-2633 View (347) 947-2633
Photo of Tina Vong, Pre-Licensed Professional in New York, NY
Tina Vong
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, MHCLP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10016
Tina utilizes an integrative approach to counseling. Drawing from techniques that are rooted in psychodynamic, multicultural, feminist, and person-centered therapy, she seeks to aid and empower clients as they activate their inner capacity for growth. Tina strives to create a safe therapeutic environment and form therapeutic alliances that are built upon trust, respect, and acceptance.
Tina utilizes an integrative approach to counseling. Drawing from techniques that are rooted in psychodynamic, multicultural, feminist, and person-centered therapy, she seeks to aid and empower clients as they activate their inner capacity for growth. Tina strives to create a safe therapeutic environment and form therapeutic alliances that are built upon trust, respect, and acceptance.
(646) 461-4118 View (646) 461-4118
Photo of David McCain Rogers, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
David McCain Rogers
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10022
"When an inner situation is not made conscious it appears outside as fate." (C.G. Jung) I believe that who we are--and the emotional and psychological distress we experience--are often rooted in our relationships with others, as well as in our relationship with ourselves. However, I also believe that we are born with innate characteristics and orientations--many unconscious--that affect how we participate in those same relationships. Therefore, I use a variety of styles, including psychodynamic, psychoanalytic, relational and cognitive-behavioral, based on the specific needs of a given client.
"When an inner situation is not made conscious it appears outside as fate." (C.G. Jung) I believe that who we are--and the emotional and psychological distress we experience--are often rooted in our relationships with others, as well as in our relationship with ourselves. However, I also believe that we are born with innate characteristics and orientations--many unconscious--that affect how we participate in those same relationships. Therefore, I use a variety of styles, including psychodynamic, psychoanalytic, relational and cognitive-behavioral, based on the specific needs of a given client.
(646) 606-2767 View (646) 606-2767
Photo of Lizbeth Scullin, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Lizbeth Scullin
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R, CLC
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10010
I am a licensed psychotherapist with 15 years of experience helping people overcome barriers to success and happiness. Weaving the principles of psychodynamic treatment with cognitive-behavioral techniques and a healthy respect for the mind-body connection, you and I will create a plan that speaks directly to your personal goals. Depression, anxiety, trauma, and struggles with intimacy and relationships all have a profound impact on how we experience and negotiate our life's work. Together we can identify these roadblocks, work in a targeted way to resolve them and promote the healthy development you deserve.
I am a licensed psychotherapist with 15 years of experience helping people overcome barriers to success and happiness. Weaving the principles of psychodynamic treatment with cognitive-behavioral techniques and a healthy respect for the mind-body connection, you and I will create a plan that speaks directly to your personal goals. Depression, anxiety, trauma, and struggles with intimacy and relationships all have a profound impact on how we experience and negotiate our life's work. Together we can identify these roadblocks, work in a targeted way to resolve them and promote the healthy development you deserve.
(718) 717-8939 View (718) 717-8939
Photo of Jennifer Brungardt, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Jennifer Brungardt
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10028  (Online Only)
As a therapist, my goal is to create a warm, safe, non-judgmental space for my clients’ self-discovery and healing. I support my clients as they build on their intrinsic skills and strengths so that they can navigate through difficult periods and life transitions in ways that foster growth and well-being. I believe that the strongest therapeutic relationships are built from trust, respect, transparency, empathy and equality. I counsel from a place of kindness, understanding and compassion through an anti-racist and anti-oppressive lens.
As a therapist, my goal is to create a warm, safe, non-judgmental space for my clients’ self-discovery and healing. I support my clients as they build on their intrinsic skills and strengths so that they can navigate through difficult periods and life transitions in ways that foster growth and well-being. I believe that the strongest therapeutic relationships are built from trust, respect, transparency, empathy and equality. I counsel from a place of kindness, understanding and compassion through an anti-racist and anti-oppressive lens.
(718) 550-4312 View (718) 550-4312
Photo of Natalia De La Vega, Pre-Licensed Professional in New York, NY
Natalia De La Vega
Pre-Licensed Professional, MHC-I
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10007
You feel overwhelmed with thoughts that make life seem everything but exciting. Trying your best to stay positive, but self-love doesn’t seem to grow inside you or feel natural. You struggle to stay connected to others and lose the most important relationship of all, that is with yourself. Being the spectator rather than the main character in your life has become a burden. Life seems to be out of control and so are your feelings, thoughts, and behavior. The confusion of having to make life decisions and the many paths you can take makes you feel more lost than ever.
You feel overwhelmed with thoughts that make life seem everything but exciting. Trying your best to stay positive, but self-love doesn’t seem to grow inside you or feel natural. You struggle to stay connected to others and lose the most important relationship of all, that is with yourself. Being the spectator rather than the main character in your life has become a burden. Life seems to be out of control and so are your feelings, thoughts, and behavior. The confusion of having to make life decisions and the many paths you can take makes you feel more lost than ever.
(646) 586-3311 View (646) 586-3311
Photo of Marija Marinkovic, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Marija Marinkovic
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10002  (Online Only)
Are you dealing with with life transitions, anxiety, depression, relationship issues, stress, or low self-confidence? I am here to help and guide. As people have their unique histories, experiences, and emotional buildup, I aim to provide an individualized approach to create a strong therapeutic partnership. My goal is to empower people so they can experience more happiness, fulfillment and achieve their goals. As a former public performer I enjoy working with clients who experience public performance anxiety. I can help clients overcome their fears or road blocks as I strive to help develop effective coping skills.
Are you dealing with with life transitions, anxiety, depression, relationship issues, stress, or low self-confidence? I am here to help and guide. As people have their unique histories, experiences, and emotional buildup, I aim to provide an individualized approach to create a strong therapeutic partnership. My goal is to empower people so they can experience more happiness, fulfillment and achieve their goals. As a former public performer I enjoy working with clients who experience public performance anxiety. I can help clients overcome their fears or road blocks as I strive to help develop effective coping skills.
(347) 801-2906 View (347) 801-2906
Photo of Vernon S. Bauer, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Vernon S. Bauer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10036
What makes for a meaningful life? There are as many answers as there are people in the world. And yet, we all have to answer this question for ourselves. Maybe you’re unsure of what you want out of life. Perhaps you do know, but feel conflicted about it. Therapy is a place where you can safely explore these larger questions around who you are and what you want so you can make lasting change and find meaning in every day. Before becoming a therapist, I spent years working as a theater director. Both of these roles involve helping someone cultivate a narrative.
What makes for a meaningful life? There are as many answers as there are people in the world. And yet, we all have to answer this question for ourselves. Maybe you’re unsure of what you want out of life. Perhaps you do know, but feel conflicted about it. Therapy is a place where you can safely explore these larger questions around who you are and what you want so you can make lasting change and find meaning in every day. Before becoming a therapist, I spent years working as a theater director. Both of these roles involve helping someone cultivate a narrative.
(917) 970-2632 View (917) 970-2632
Photo of Charity Eisenbach, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Charity Eisenbach
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-R
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10011  (Online Only)
We all have an idea of the life we want, joyful, meaningful, fulfilling and with healthy and loving relationships. Trying to create this life can be challenging and I believe that therapy can be a place where you feel safe to share your challenges, without worry or fear. My approach is collaborative, non judgmental, and patient. Together we will work together to explore what is getting in the way of you achieving the life you would like to have. In doing so, we will have opportunities to discuss your relation to self, others, work, and social justice issues.
We all have an idea of the life we want, joyful, meaningful, fulfilling and with healthy and loving relationships. Trying to create this life can be challenging and I believe that therapy can be a place where you feel safe to share your challenges, without worry or fear. My approach is collaborative, non judgmental, and patient. Together we will work together to explore what is getting in the way of you achieving the life you would like to have. In doing so, we will have opportunities to discuss your relation to self, others, work, and social justice issues.
View
Photo of Randall Richardson, Psychologist in New York, NY
Randall Richardson
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10028
I provide focused therapy that will help you to see your patterns better, and this allows you to change them. Obstacles to change are very subtle. They are often almost invisible. We will look at them in an objective way, so that you can act on the solutions. Self-awareness can redirect your energies to creating more positive states of mind. I also provide psychological testing and neuropsychological assessment services for children and adults.
I provide focused therapy that will help you to see your patterns better, and this allows you to change them. Obstacles to change are very subtle. They are often almost invisible. We will look at them in an objective way, so that you can act on the solutions. Self-awareness can redirect your energies to creating more positive states of mind. I also provide psychological testing and neuropsychological assessment services for children and adults.
(646) 681-2520 View (646) 681-2520
Photo of Svea Holmvig-Johnson, Licensed Master Social Worker in New York, NY
Svea Holmvig-Johnson
Licensed Master Social Worker, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10001  (Online Only)
With a background in sexual health education, medical social work and experience as a full spectrum doula, Svea understands the importance of person-centered care across multiple systems. Svea has worked as a therapist with people of all ages, with a speciality in adolescents and young adults. Svea aims to incorporate culturally sensitive techniques into a multimodal approach to therapy, drawing from psychodynamic therapy, attachment-based therapy, and CBT, to name a few. Svea utilizes her experience in a diverse array of settings to work towards the unique therapeutic goals of each individual.
With a background in sexual health education, medical social work and experience as a full spectrum doula, Svea understands the importance of person-centered care across multiple systems. Svea has worked as a therapist with people of all ages, with a speciality in adolescents and young adults. Svea aims to incorporate culturally sensitive techniques into a multimodal approach to therapy, drawing from psychodynamic therapy, attachment-based therapy, and CBT, to name a few. Svea utilizes her experience in a diverse array of settings to work towards the unique therapeutic goals of each individual.
(646) 846-9137 View (646) 846-9137
Photo of Alexis Acevedo, Counselor in New York, NY
Alexis Acevedo
Counselor, MA, LMHC, CASAC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10006
Hi and welcome! I'm a person in the field that helps people navigate living their life fully. I do this through providing concrete feedback to help you get out of old patterns and into new ways of living your life. My specialties include helping people communicate more clearly, act as better leaders in their life/careers, and recognize and lessen anxiety. I will work with you to improve the relationships you have with others in your life as well as move you towards achieving your goals, desires, and dreams.
Hi and welcome! I'm a person in the field that helps people navigate living their life fully. I do this through providing concrete feedback to help you get out of old patterns and into new ways of living your life. My specialties include helping people communicate more clearly, act as better leaders in their life/careers, and recognize and lessen anxiety. I will work with you to improve the relationships you have with others in your life as well as move you towards achieving your goals, desires, and dreams.
(929) 552-0872 View (929) 552-0872
Photo of Peter Lessem, Psychologist in New York, NY
Peter Lessem
Psychologist
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10024
I focus on helping my clients overcome interferences in reaching their potential in their relationships and careers. In doing psychotherapy for more than 38 years, I have developed a way of working that combines being highly interactive and collaborative with being empathic and supportive. I am a warm, flexible, humorous, curious and practical person. These are personal qualities that I find help with my being able to form a strong, trusting and effective working relationship with clients. Also, I have developed a well-honed ability to design treatment that fits the needs of a particular client or couple.
I focus on helping my clients overcome interferences in reaching their potential in their relationships and careers. In doing psychotherapy for more than 38 years, I have developed a way of working that combines being highly interactive and collaborative with being empathic and supportive. I am a warm, flexible, humorous, curious and practical person. These are personal qualities that I find help with my being able to form a strong, trusting and effective working relationship with clients. Also, I have developed a well-honed ability to design treatment that fits the needs of a particular client or couple.
(646) 762-7509 View (646) 762-7509
Photo of Sandra Siegal, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Sandra Siegal
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10065
I am an experienced psychotherapist in practice for over 30 years,who is a supportive, non judgmental listener. Working with couples and individuals, I have treated depression, anxiety, addiction, relationship issues, gender/sexual identity issues and coping with illness (with a specialization in breast cancer). My clients include straight, lesbian and gay individuals and couples. My educational background includes training as a psychoanalyst with a psychodynamic, interactive focus.
I am an experienced psychotherapist in practice for over 30 years,who is a supportive, non judgmental listener. Working with couples and individuals, I have treated depression, anxiety, addiction, relationship issues, gender/sexual identity issues and coping with illness (with a specialization in breast cancer). My clients include straight, lesbian and gay individuals and couples. My educational background includes training as a psychoanalyst with a psychodynamic, interactive focus.
(917) 825-5867 View (917) 825-5867
Photo of Nancy J Siegel, Psychologist in New York, NY
Nancy J Siegel
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
New York, NY 10019
If you are unsatisfied with how you feel day to day, the quality of relationships in your life, or your professional accomplishments you should consider beginning therapy. Can you speak your mind in important relationships? I work vigorously in my relationship with you. Like all therapists I will listen and question. But I will also actively challenge and confront the obstacles we discover together. We will speak about the present, and the past to the extent that it helps us understand your life now.
If you are unsatisfied with how you feel day to day, the quality of relationships in your life, or your professional accomplishments you should consider beginning therapy. Can you speak your mind in important relationships? I work vigorously in my relationship with you. Like all therapists I will listen and question. But I will also actively challenge and confront the obstacles we discover together. We will speak about the present, and the past to the extent that it helps us understand your life now.
(646) 600-9244 View (646) 600-9244
Photo of Carmen Lo, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in New York, NY
Carmen Lo
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
New York, NY 10010  (Online Only)
Perhaps you are going through a transition, want to make a change, or have a nagging feeling you should take a closer look at neglected aspects of yourself. Do you feel unhappy or ambivalent about your career, studies, or relationships? You may need a place to process grief, loss, or other past experiences. Whatever your sources of anxiety, anger, or sadness we can work together to help you gain self-knowledge and skills as you move forward in your life.
Perhaps you are going through a transition, want to make a change, or have a nagging feeling you should take a closer look at neglected aspects of yourself. Do you feel unhappy or ambivalent about your career, studies, or relationships? You may need a place to process grief, loss, or other past experiences. Whatever your sources of anxiety, anger, or sadness we can work together to help you gain self-knowledge and skills as you move forward in your life.
(929) 298-9768 View (929) 298-9768

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in New York, NY

3,000+

Average cost per session

$200

Therapists in New York, NY who prioritize treating:

94% Anxiety
89% Depression
85% Relationship Issues
78% Self Esteem
67% Trauma and PTSD
66% Stress
63% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

78% Aetna
62% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
60% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in New York, NY see their clients

59% In Person and Online
41% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
21% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in New York?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.