Therapists in Seattle, WA

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Photo of Steven Kubacki, Psychologist in Seattle, WA
Steven Kubacki
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98115
I have been providing psychotherapy and consulting services since 1993 for adults, adolescents, children, couples, and families. My practice is quite diverse and involves the following services: (1) Treatment of PTSD, trauma, bereavement, relationship issues, depression, anxiety disorders, eating disorders, borderline disorder, ADHD, bipolar, conduct disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and Asperger’s. (2) Treatment of chronic pain, quality of life issues, and psychology problems due to debilitating or acute illnesses, such as cancer and auto-immune diseases. (3) Personal growth, spiritual development, and wellness counseling. (4) Sports psychology to improve performance and motivation. (5) Cognitive, personality, learning, and pre-surgical assessments.
I have been providing psychotherapy and consulting services since 1993 for adults, adolescents, children, couples, and families. My practice is quite diverse and involves the following services: (1) Treatment of PTSD, trauma, bereavement, relationship issues, depression, anxiety disorders, eating disorders, borderline disorder, ADHD, bipolar, conduct disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and Asperger’s. (2) Treatment of chronic pain, quality of life issues, and psychology problems due to debilitating or acute illnesses, such as cancer and auto-immune diseases. (3) Personal growth, spiritual development, and wellness counseling. (4) Sports psychology to improve performance and motivation. (5) Cognitive, personality, learning, and pre-surgical assessments.
(206) 922-8133 View (206) 922-8133
Photo of Katy Leach, Counselor in Seattle, WA
Katy Leach
Counselor, MA, LMHC, NCC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98103
Current availability for one client on Tuesdays at 10:30am. You've already made the most important step toward healing by exercising the self-reflection and openness it takes to start planning your therapy. It is important that you find a relationship that will support you in your next steps. While there are many practitioners who have the qualifications to be therapists, you deserve to find the chemistry and skills that fit your needs. The foundation of the work you do with a therapist will be the relationship and trust you build with them. You deserve to work with someone who fosters your growth and safet.
Current availability for one client on Tuesdays at 10:30am. You've already made the most important step toward healing by exercising the self-reflection and openness it takes to start planning your therapy. It is important that you find a relationship that will support you in your next steps. While there are many practitioners who have the qualifications to be therapists, you deserve to find the chemistry and skills that fit your needs. The foundation of the work you do with a therapist will be the relationship and trust you build with them. You deserve to work with someone who fosters your growth and safet.
(206) 207-8387 View (206) 207-8387
Photo of Brandon Zahl, Counselor in Seattle, WA
Brandon Zahl
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98109  (Online Only)
Your trauma deserves expert care. I combine EMDR and somatic therapy in unique ways to help you heal quickly and fully. My approach uses the innate abilities of the mind plus the body to build coping skills and to heal deep, hidden trauma. Right now, is feeling good about yourself and about your relationships a struggle? Are you spending most days being driven by fear or heavy with despair even though you try to stay positive? Maybe you're trapped in patterns you’re trying to break but they always seem to win. Its probably feeling like an exhausting battle with yourself and you don’t know if things will ever really get better.
Your trauma deserves expert care. I combine EMDR and somatic therapy in unique ways to help you heal quickly and fully. My approach uses the innate abilities of the mind plus the body to build coping skills and to heal deep, hidden trauma. Right now, is feeling good about yourself and about your relationships a struggle? Are you spending most days being driven by fear or heavy with despair even though you try to stay positive? Maybe you're trapped in patterns you’re trying to break but they always seem to win. Its probably feeling like an exhausting battle with yourself and you don’t know if things will ever really get better.
(425) 307-4501 View (425) 307-4501
Photo of Barbara G. O'Brien, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Seattle, WA
Barbara G. O'Brien
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98105
Through my experience of being a therapist, I have come to believe that people change and grow through acceptance of where they are coupled with increasing awareness of areas in their lives that concern and/or constrain them. I work by listening carefully to my clients, seeking to understand their experience, and assisting them to be who they are while also helping them to shed or work with habits and patterns which are limiting them. I believe I am well-suited to being a therapist and I find the work very fulfilling.
Through my experience of being a therapist, I have come to believe that people change and grow through acceptance of where they are coupled with increasing awareness of areas in their lives that concern and/or constrain them. I work by listening carefully to my clients, seeking to understand their experience, and assisting them to be who they are while also helping them to shed or work with habits and patterns which are limiting them. I believe I am well-suited to being a therapist and I find the work very fulfilling.
(206) 397-0895 View (206) 397-0895
Photo of Dr. Dave McNew, Psychologist in Seattle, WA
Dr. Dave McNew
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98109  (Online Only)
Hi! I’m Dave McNew, a licensed clinical psychologist. I work to help those with marginalized identities (sexually & gender queer, BIPOC) to heal chronic struggles with trauma, anxiety, and depression. I use my passion for relational healing, mindfulness, and self-compassion to build space in which you can know yourself more fully and live more authentically. I help to cultivate more safety and joy in your relationships with others, and with yourself. I make space for you to face the parts of yourself that are hardest to feel. Where there was pain and confusion, I help you find greater calm, peace, and connection.
Hi! I’m Dave McNew, a licensed clinical psychologist. I work to help those with marginalized identities (sexually & gender queer, BIPOC) to heal chronic struggles with trauma, anxiety, and depression. I use my passion for relational healing, mindfulness, and self-compassion to build space in which you can know yourself more fully and live more authentically. I help to cultivate more safety and joy in your relationships with others, and with yourself. I make space for you to face the parts of yourself that are hardest to feel. Where there was pain and confusion, I help you find greater calm, peace, and connection.
(206) 590-4633 View (206) 590-4633
Photo of Elisa Campbell, Pre-Licensed Professional in Seattle, WA
Elisa Campbell
Pre-Licensed Professional, BA
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98104
Whatever you are going through, you shouldn't have to go through it alone. Sometimes, we encounter barriers that can keep us from living the joyous life we deserve. Maybe those barriers include: depression, anxiety, or trauma reactions. Perhaps you need help on building your skills, strengths, resiliency, and emotional awareness to cope with the various challenges throughout life. Or, maybe you want the tools to align your life with your values and vision. Even though painful, difficult experiences are inevitable, that does not mean we can't live our best lives, or be our most authentic and fulfilled selves.
Whatever you are going through, you shouldn't have to go through it alone. Sometimes, we encounter barriers that can keep us from living the joyous life we deserve. Maybe those barriers include: depression, anxiety, or trauma reactions. Perhaps you need help on building your skills, strengths, resiliency, and emotional awareness to cope with the various challenges throughout life. Or, maybe you want the tools to align your life with your values and vision. Even though painful, difficult experiences are inevitable, that does not mean we can't live our best lives, or be our most authentic and fulfilled selves.
(425) 906-3691 View (425) 906-3691
Photo of Shanon Cox, Counselor in Seattle, WA
Shanon Cox
Counselor, LMHC
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98103  (Online Only)
I work primarily with pre-teens, teens, and adults on issues such as anxiety, depression, life transitions, or other specific needs. I see my clients as the expert in their own life and endeavor to support you in living the life you want. I create a partnership and put a high priority on developing a strong therapy relationship with each of my clients.
I work primarily with pre-teens, teens, and adults on issues such as anxiety, depression, life transitions, or other specific needs. I see my clients as the expert in their own life and endeavor to support you in living the life you want. I create a partnership and put a high priority on developing a strong therapy relationship with each of my clients.
(206) 681-1696 View (206) 681-1696
Gretchen Holtz
Pre-Licensed Professional, MSW, LSWAIC
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98107
Waitlist for new clients
No matter how simple or complicated life feels, no matter the goal, it's nice to have help in going in a positive direction.
No matter how simple or complicated life feels, no matter the goal, it's nice to have help in going in a positive direction.
(206) 451-1598 View (206) 451-1598
Photo of Megan Gibbard Kline, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Seattle, WA
Megan Gibbard Kline
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98146
Welcome to my practice. My goal in therapy with you is that you’re free of the symptoms as you define them that embody your suffering - large or small. I offer individual therapy and am an approved supervisor in Washington State for candidates working toward their Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker certification. Find out more about my practice here: gibbardkline.com
Welcome to my practice. My goal in therapy with you is that you’re free of the symptoms as you define them that embody your suffering - large or small. I offer individual therapy and am an approved supervisor in Washington State for candidates working toward their Licensed Independent Clinical Social Worker certification. Find out more about my practice here: gibbardkline.com
(206) 208-6727 View (206) 208-6727
Photo of Derek Terran, Counselor in Seattle, WA
Derek Terran
Counselor, MA, LMHC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98101
Creativity, parenthood, and other major life transitions - such experiences can evoke vulnerable, sometimes flooded states, highlighting our obstructions in the forms of worries, doubts, resentments and despair. Using tools informed by your personal dharma, a deeper understanding of your attachment style, and Buddhist practice, let's work together to bring understanding and self-compassion towards these obstructions in an effort to dissolve them in some lasting ways.
Creativity, parenthood, and other major life transitions - such experiences can evoke vulnerable, sometimes flooded states, highlighting our obstructions in the forms of worries, doubts, resentments and despair. Using tools informed by your personal dharma, a deeper understanding of your attachment style, and Buddhist practice, let's work together to bring understanding and self-compassion towards these obstructions in an effort to dissolve them in some lasting ways.
(206) 900-9572 View (206) 900-9572
Photo of Fred DuMez-Matheson, Counselor in Seattle, WA
Fred DuMez-Matheson
Counselor, MA, LMHC, CMHS, EMMHS
Verified Verified
11 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98103  (Online Only)
I want to recognize the courage it has taken you to begin the search for counseling as you face something unsettling that is occurring in your life or the life of a loved one. Maybe you find yourself navigating a difficult relationship or unexpected tragedy. Maybe you feel mired in a loss of meaning or a deep uncontrollable fear. I would consider it a privilege to journey together with you. I believe that in the relationship that we form together we can access your wisdom and courage, and mobilize your resilience and resources in order for you to move towards a fuller, richer life.
I want to recognize the courage it has taken you to begin the search for counseling as you face something unsettling that is occurring in your life or the life of a loved one. Maybe you find yourself navigating a difficult relationship or unexpected tragedy. Maybe you feel mired in a loss of meaning or a deep uncontrollable fear. I would consider it a privilege to journey together with you. I believe that in the relationship that we form together we can access your wisdom and courage, and mobilize your resilience and resources in order for you to move towards a fuller, richer life.
(206) 966-6960 View (206) 966-6960
Photo of Lizette Arroyo-Dillard, Pre-Licensed Professional in Seattle, WA
Lizette Arroyo-Dillard
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98144
I wish to serve people of color and other marginalized groups who have experienced chronic oppression and injustices. I would love to work with individuals, couples and families who are ready to step into their power and reclaim their voice. I wish to serve those who are in need of healing and need assistance processing grief, loss, frustration and exhaustion from life's trials and adversities. Being a person of color poses many challenges in this country and seeking help from professionals who look or talk nothing like you makes it far more difficult. I see you and I'm here for you.
I wish to serve people of color and other marginalized groups who have experienced chronic oppression and injustices. I would love to work with individuals, couples and families who are ready to step into their power and reclaim their voice. I wish to serve those who are in need of healing and need assistance processing grief, loss, frustration and exhaustion from life's trials and adversities. Being a person of color poses many challenges in this country and seeking help from professionals who look or talk nothing like you makes it far more difficult. I see you and I'm here for you.
(206) 483-0434 View (206) 483-0434
Photo of Laura Weinstein, Marriage & Family Therapist in Seattle, WA
Laura Weinstein
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, ATR-BC, CMHS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98112
It's safe to say there is no one-size-fits-all way to come of age during a global pandemic and Youth Mental Health Crisis. As a youth and family art therapist, I am here to help, young adults, teens, and preteens learn to harness their strengths and turn them into coping skills they can use everyday to maintain emotional balance during these exceptionally stressful times. I am experienced in the full range of challenges facing young clients, but have particular expertise with depression / anxiety/ bi-polar disorder, major life transitions and stress, suicidal thoughts, gender exploration, PTSD, and chronic illness/ pain/ disability.
It's safe to say there is no one-size-fits-all way to come of age during a global pandemic and Youth Mental Health Crisis. As a youth and family art therapist, I am here to help, young adults, teens, and preteens learn to harness their strengths and turn them into coping skills they can use everyday to maintain emotional balance during these exceptionally stressful times. I am experienced in the full range of challenges facing young clients, but have particular expertise with depression / anxiety/ bi-polar disorder, major life transitions and stress, suicidal thoughts, gender exploration, PTSD, and chronic illness/ pain/ disability.
(425) 584-1785 View (425) 584-1785
Photo of Jon Huerta Therapy, Counselor in Seattle, WA
Jon Huerta Therapy
Counselor, LMHCA, MA
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98103
Life experiences and social systems affect the way we embody ourselves and relate to others and our environment. By exploring alongside youth (6-17) and adults of all genders, relationship styles, and identities, I help you mend the relationship with yourselves and aid you to further trust in your innate strengths and wisdom. By doing so, your capacity to thrive grows outwardly and inwardly. In working together, we will have the safe space to explore your needs, beliefs, stories, and experiences to help heal your mind, body, and social connections.
Life experiences and social systems affect the way we embody ourselves and relate to others and our environment. By exploring alongside youth (6-17) and adults of all genders, relationship styles, and identities, I help you mend the relationship with yourselves and aid you to further trust in your innate strengths and wisdom. By doing so, your capacity to thrive grows outwardly and inwardly. In working together, we will have the safe space to explore your needs, beliefs, stories, and experiences to help heal your mind, body, and social connections.
(206) 752-2821 View (206) 752-2821
Photo of Erin Karcher, Marriage & Family Therapist in Seattle, WA
Erin Karcher
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98103
Everyone is welcome in my office; I am honored to work with and witness folks from all walks of life. I specialize in working with queer and trans folks, especially those with neurodiversity, and people exploring and practicing non-monogamy. I'm passionate about identity development; discovering and vocalizing boundaries; and understanding how values change as we unpack internalized oppression and look at your life experiences. Therapy helps us gather an understanding of how the world views us, and reorient to stand up for our full selves.
Everyone is welcome in my office; I am honored to work with and witness folks from all walks of life. I specialize in working with queer and trans folks, especially those with neurodiversity, and people exploring and practicing non-monogamy. I'm passionate about identity development; discovering and vocalizing boundaries; and understanding how values change as we unpack internalized oppression and look at your life experiences. Therapy helps us gather an understanding of how the world views us, and reorient to stand up for our full selves.
(206) 483-1446 View (206) 483-1446
Photo of David S Shen-Miller, Psychologist in Seattle, WA
David S Shen-Miller
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98103
I am passionate about helping you reach your potential. We accomplish this together through a psychoanalytic, interpersonal, mind-body-spirit integration that draws on your strengths and resources. I believe psychoanalysis and psychotherapy are not about fixing what is wrong, but about using what is working well for you and deepening your skills to increase your health, well-being, and overall freedom and flexibility. I care deeply about providing excellent care, and trying out new ways of relating and understanding yourself that will lead you to optimize your health and connections with others.
I am passionate about helping you reach your potential. We accomplish this together through a psychoanalytic, interpersonal, mind-body-spirit integration that draws on your strengths and resources. I believe psychoanalysis and psychotherapy are not about fixing what is wrong, but about using what is working well for you and deepening your skills to increase your health, well-being, and overall freedom and flexibility. I care deeply about providing excellent care, and trying out new ways of relating and understanding yourself that will lead you to optimize your health and connections with others.
(206) 966-4256 View (206) 966-4256
Photo of Counseling in Context, PLLC, Marriage & Family Therapist in Seattle, WA
Counseling in Context, PLLC
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98109  (Online Only)
At CIC I provide counseling services that are informed by the contextual backgrounds of your life (i.e. - race, culture, gender, faith, family dynamics, etc.), and adapt the therapeutic process accordingly. Most of my work involves addressing symptoms of anxiety, depression, trauma, grief, and interpersonal conflict with individuals, couples, and families. While also being intentional to deconstruct and challenge the impacts of oppression on the lives of marginalized communities.
At CIC I provide counseling services that are informed by the contextual backgrounds of your life (i.e. - race, culture, gender, faith, family dynamics, etc.), and adapt the therapeutic process accordingly. Most of my work involves addressing symptoms of anxiety, depression, trauma, grief, and interpersonal conflict with individuals, couples, and families. While also being intentional to deconstruct and challenge the impacts of oppression on the lives of marginalized communities.
(206) 207-7254 View (206) 207-7254
Photo of Becca Hirsch, Marriage & Family Therapist in Seattle, WA
Becca Hirsch
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, CST
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98119  (Online Only)
Don't worry, this isn't a smile and nod type of therapy, I'm on this journey with you. I am a relationship and sex therapist who is dedicated to empowering you to live happier, healthier, and more authentic life both individually and in your romantic relationships. I explore what it would mean for you to live as authentically as possible and how to make sense of messages you have received about relationships and sexual health. I believe you are the expert in your own life, and my role as a therapist is to create a safe and non-judgmental space for exploration, processing, and to help you create the life you want to be living.
Don't worry, this isn't a smile and nod type of therapy, I'm on this journey with you. I am a relationship and sex therapist who is dedicated to empowering you to live happier, healthier, and more authentic life both individually and in your romantic relationships. I explore what it would mean for you to live as authentically as possible and how to make sense of messages you have received about relationships and sexual health. I believe you are the expert in your own life, and my role as a therapist is to create a safe and non-judgmental space for exploration, processing, and to help you create the life you want to be living.
(312) 697-3814 x642 View (312) 697-3814 x642
Photo of Shaquille Sinclair, Counselor in Seattle, WA
Shaquille Sinclair
Counselor, LMHCA
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Seattle, WA 98118  (Online Only)
Therapy is about learning how to tell our stories. It is deepening our courage to look ourselves in the face and tell the truth of what we find. It is taking in the bountiful love in the world though it sometimes seems impossible to find. It is learning to savor the taste of a good meal and laughter with others. It is knowing the name of our sadness whether or not we can find our tears. It is being. Just as we are with hope for more to come.
Therapy is about learning how to tell our stories. It is deepening our courage to look ourselves in the face and tell the truth of what we find. It is taking in the bountiful love in the world though it sometimes seems impossible to find. It is learning to savor the taste of a good meal and laughter with others. It is knowing the name of our sadness whether or not we can find our tears. It is being. Just as we are with hope for more to come.
View
Photo of Tzu-Chen Hsu, Counselor in Seattle, WA
Tzu-Chen Hsu
Counselor, LMHC, MEd
Verified Verified
Seattle, WA 98107  (Online Only)
I often feel that the way this world is structured forces us to compromise who we are. It becomes easy to feel lost and disconnected from ourselves. Disconnection is not a choice we made but more of a survival reaction to intense experiences. My clinical interests are complex trauma, PTSD, loneliness, and depression. I am a trauma-informed therapist and am here to walk you through the re-connect-to-yourself journey.
I often feel that the way this world is structured forces us to compromise who we are. It becomes easy to feel lost and disconnected from ourselves. Disconnection is not a choice we made but more of a survival reaction to intense experiences. My clinical interests are complex trauma, PTSD, loneliness, and depression. I am a trauma-informed therapist and am here to walk you through the re-connect-to-yourself journey.
(206) 222-5124 View (206) 222-5124

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Seattle, WA

3,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Seattle, WA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
86% Depression
79% Relationship Issues
76% Self Esteem
72% Trauma and PTSD
71% Stress
69% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

70% Premera
53% Aetna
47% Regence

How Therapists in Seattle, WA see their clients

51% Online Only
49% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

75% Female
21% Male
4% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Seattle?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.