Therapists in Aptos, CA

Photo of Eric Ochoa, Marriage & Family Therapist in Aptos, CA
Eric Ochoa
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Aptos, CA 95003
I am committed to helping you find the best clinician for your needs. Feel free to reach out to me and I will listen to your needs and help connect you with someone who can help--whether that is me or another clinician.
I am committed to helping you find the best clinician for your needs. Feel free to reach out to me and I will listen to your needs and help connect you with someone who can help--whether that is me or another clinician.
(831) 201-5326 View (831) 201-5326
Photo of Dr. Kathryn Keithly, Pediatric Psychologist , Psychologist in Aptos, CA
Dr. Kathryn Keithly, Pediatric Psychologist
Psychologist, LEP, MA, PsyD
Verified Verified
Aptos, CA 95003
Kathryn (Katy) Keithly holds a Psy.D. in Clinical Psychology and an M.A. in Counseling Psychology, with a concentration in Educational Psychology and a State certification in School Psychology. She is a licensed Educational Psychologist (#3485) and a Board Certified Sport Psychologist. Katy got her start in Psychology at Cal State Monterey Bay were she graduated with a B.A and was the captain of CSUMB’s women’s golf team for four years. Katy also has been riding horses since she was five and competed throughout the United States.
Kathryn (Katy) Keithly holds a Psy.D. in Clinical Psychology and an M.A. in Counseling Psychology, with a concentration in Educational Psychology and a State certification in School Psychology. She is a licensed Educational Psychologist (#3485) and a Board Certified Sport Psychologist. Katy got her start in Psychology at Cal State Monterey Bay were she graduated with a B.A and was the captain of CSUMB’s women’s golf team for four years. Katy also has been riding horses since she was five and competed throughout the United States.
(831) 269-5705 View (831) 269-5705
Photo of Erin Liana Johnson, Counselor in Aptos, CA
Erin Liana Johnson
Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Aptos, CA 95003
If you have been living with chronic pain or illness your relationship to your physicality may currently feel jarred, broken, or thrown off course. You may be grieving the life you thought you would have, or feeling weighed down by addressing day to day challenges. If you are seeking to repair your relationship between yourself and your body, gain new coping skills, and challenge current paradigms, I would be a great fit for you!
If you have been living with chronic pain or illness your relationship to your physicality may currently feel jarred, broken, or thrown off course. You may be grieving the life you thought you would have, or feeling weighed down by addressing day to day challenges. If you are seeking to repair your relationship between yourself and your body, gain new coping skills, and challenge current paradigms, I would be a great fit for you!
(831) 215-4138 View (831) 215-4138
Photo of Craig Rothhammer, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Aptos, CA
Craig Rothhammer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Aptos, CA 95003  (Online Only)
I am a highly experienced practitioner with 43 years of clinical experience, willing to work with more complex cases. I have a calm demeanor (California beach style) but communicate directly, with transparency and tact. My goal is assist you in developing the skills and insights to approach a vast array of situations., with a higher degree of success. I seek to provide the means to manage immediate issues, but also techniques to become more independent in facing the inevitable future challenges of life. I have seen exclusively Kaiser NorCal clients.
I am a highly experienced practitioner with 43 years of clinical experience, willing to work with more complex cases. I have a calm demeanor (California beach style) but communicate directly, with transparency and tact. My goal is assist you in developing the skills and insights to approach a vast array of situations., with a higher degree of success. I seek to provide the means to manage immediate issues, but also techniques to become more independent in facing the inevitable future challenges of life. I have seen exclusively Kaiser NorCal clients.
(562) 352-1243 View (562) 352-1243
Photo of Ashley Marie Boyd in Aptos, CA
Ashley Marie Boyd
MHt, MNLP, MSc, MTT, EFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Aptos, CA 95003
I’m here to help you Create your Dream Life by setting & achieving your goals, overcome blocks, set new patterns & tap into your Alignment, Embodiment & Empowerment. My focus is on guiding you to your inner wisdom, transforming your relationship to self, forming new beliefs & patterns while rediscovering your unique talents. By working together my aim is to support you in achieving your hearts desires, achieving success & helping you flourish in your life. We will take a holistic approach that respects the interconnectedness of mind, body, and spirit. I believe in your innate wisdom, wholeness, resilience, and capacity for growth.
I’m here to help you Create your Dream Life by setting & achieving your goals, overcome blocks, set new patterns & tap into your Alignment, Embodiment & Empowerment. My focus is on guiding you to your inner wisdom, transforming your relationship to self, forming new beliefs & patterns while rediscovering your unique talents. By working together my aim is to support you in achieving your hearts desires, achieving success & helping you flourish in your life. We will take a holistic approach that respects the interconnectedness of mind, body, and spirit. I believe in your innate wisdom, wholeness, resilience, and capacity for growth.
(831) 603-2357 View (831) 603-2357
Photo of Ellen Garfield, LMFT. Specializing in EMDR , Marriage & Family Therapist in Aptos, CA
Ellen Garfield, LMFT. Specializing in EMDR
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
13 Endorsed
Aptos, CA 95003
IN-PERSON and ZOOM appts available. My style is engaged, curious, warm, direct, and my clients tell me they enjoy my sense of humor. I love working with individuals struggling with conflicts in the family, work, or with friends, those wanting to gain insight into themselves, and individuals in the process of healing from trauma. I have specialized training in EMDR (eye movement desensitization & reprocessing), which is an evidence-based practice shown to be effective in decreasing psychological distress caused by trauma and disturbing life experiences. I also incorporate parts work/IFS. I’m neurodiversity affirming and fat positive.
IN-PERSON and ZOOM appts available. My style is engaged, curious, warm, direct, and my clients tell me they enjoy my sense of humor. I love working with individuals struggling with conflicts in the family, work, or with friends, those wanting to gain insight into themselves, and individuals in the process of healing from trauma. I have specialized training in EMDR (eye movement desensitization & reprocessing), which is an evidence-based practice shown to be effective in decreasing psychological distress caused by trauma and disturbing life experiences. I also incorporate parts work/IFS. I’m neurodiversity affirming and fat positive.
(831) 854-7543 View (831) 854-7543
Photo of Elisa Martínez: Therapy For Anxious Thinkers And Insecure Achievers In Ca., Marriage & Family Therapist in Aptos, CA
Elisa Martínez: Therapy For Anxious Thinkers And Insecure Achievers In Ca.
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
6 Endorsed
Aptos, CA 95003  (Online Only)
You're a smart, sensitive soul who knows how to get shit DONE. People can count on you because you're the responsible, reliable "giver" who makes sure others' wants and needs are met. On the outside, it seems like you've got it all together. But your mind is often a maelstrom of worry and turmoil, anticipating worst-case scenarios and disaster. Your inner critic whispers (or shouts!) in your ear: "Maybe you're just not good enough...you're failing...you're a fraud." Your outer success is a double-edged sword, rewarding you with the external validation that makes you feel worthy but keeps you on the approval-seeking hamster wheel.
You're a smart, sensitive soul who knows how to get shit DONE. People can count on you because you're the responsible, reliable "giver" who makes sure others' wants and needs are met. On the outside, it seems like you've got it all together. But your mind is often a maelstrom of worry and turmoil, anticipating worst-case scenarios and disaster. Your inner critic whispers (or shouts!) in your ear: "Maybe you're just not good enough...you're failing...you're a fraud." Your outer success is a double-edged sword, rewarding you with the external validation that makes you feel worthy but keeps you on the approval-seeking hamster wheel.
(408) 662-1945 View (408) 662-1945
Photo of Kim Goldman, Psychologist in Aptos, CA
Kim Goldman
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Aptos, CA 95001  (Online Only)
Hello and welcome! I'm a clinical psychologist specializing in supporting adults and elders. My therapeutic approach is creating a safe, non-judgmental, and empathetic supportive professional relationship. I offer compassionate therapy that caters to your unique needs. Through a client-centered approach, I will work to help you navigate life's ups and downs. My work focuses on using evidence-based techniques, including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Mindfulness, to expand your coping skills.
Hello and welcome! I'm a clinical psychologist specializing in supporting adults and elders. My therapeutic approach is creating a safe, non-judgmental, and empathetic supportive professional relationship. I offer compassionate therapy that caters to your unique needs. Through a client-centered approach, I will work to help you navigate life's ups and downs. My work focuses on using evidence-based techniques, including Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Mindfulness, to expand your coping skills.
(831) 215-5053 View (831) 215-5053
Photo of Darcy Cavanaugh, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Aptos, CA
Darcy Cavanaugh
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT, APCC
Verified Verified
Aptos, CA 95003
So glad that you are here. Whether you are struggling with something that has recently arisen, or are ready to dive into healing the past, I am here to support you in your journey. I am a Somatic based psychotherapist who works to integrate trauma through safely accessing the body and mind. LGBTQIA affirmative and diversity oriented, I aim to address underlying systems of power within and surrounding each of us. In doing so, I work in a way that supports and nurtures whatever shows up.
So glad that you are here. Whether you are struggling with something that has recently arisen, or are ready to dive into healing the past, I am here to support you in your journey. I am a Somatic based psychotherapist who works to integrate trauma through safely accessing the body and mind. LGBTQIA affirmative and diversity oriented, I aim to address underlying systems of power within and surrounding each of us. In doing so, I work in a way that supports and nurtures whatever shows up.
(831) 201-1994 View (831) 201-1994
Photo of Maribel Madrigal, Marriage & Family Therapist in Aptos, CA
Maribel Madrigal
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Aptos, CA 95003
Supporting, women and young adults to develop and restore reconnection with self. Life stages can take us through uncertainty, panic, fear of the unknown, questioning safety, disconnection of self, and feeling out control. Together, we will process how to connect with vulnerable, unseen parts of self to discover feelings of self worth, value, cultural safety, acceptance, freedom, and healing. My specialties are; relational challenges, anxiety, depression, self-esteem, trauma, boundaries, and life transitions, with 10 years of experience.
Supporting, women and young adults to develop and restore reconnection with self. Life stages can take us through uncertainty, panic, fear of the unknown, questioning safety, disconnection of self, and feeling out control. Together, we will process how to connect with vulnerable, unseen parts of self to discover feelings of self worth, value, cultural safety, acceptance, freedom, and healing. My specialties are; relational challenges, anxiety, depression, self-esteem, trauma, boundaries, and life transitions, with 10 years of experience.
(831) 290-6238 x10 View (831) 290-6238 x10
Photo of Amanda L. Hamilton, Marriage & Family Therapist in Aptos, CA
Amanda L. Hamilton
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Aptos, CA 95003
Are you ready to transform your life and your relationships? To pick up the pieces and reassemble them in a more beautiful way? To explore issues related to sexuality, partnership, and family? By reclaiming the forgotten parts of the self, we move towards wholeness. It is time to make peace with the past, learn to live in the present, and gain clarity of vision for a future worth living. By turning towards our suffering in a safe environment, we can transform our wounds into a source of beauty and strength. It is possible to live a life deeply connected to ourselves, our families, our loved ones, and the Earth.
Are you ready to transform your life and your relationships? To pick up the pieces and reassemble them in a more beautiful way? To explore issues related to sexuality, partnership, and family? By reclaiming the forgotten parts of the self, we move towards wholeness. It is time to make peace with the past, learn to live in the present, and gain clarity of vision for a future worth living. By turning towards our suffering in a safe environment, we can transform our wounds into a source of beauty and strength. It is possible to live a life deeply connected to ourselves, our families, our loved ones, and the Earth.
(831) 218-6084 View (831) 218-6084
Photo of Jan Wright, Marriage & Family Therapist in Aptos, CA
Jan Wright
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Aptos, CA 95003
The journey of self-discovery and healing can be challenging and finding someone who is qualified and supportive to accompany you is important. I offer a warm, accepting and nurturing environment in which together we can explore your feelings and thoughts to gain a better understanding of your self and to make positive changes that will allow you to live life more fully. My goal is to understand you as you are and to work with you at your own pace honoring your unique strengths and knowledge.
The journey of self-discovery and healing can be challenging and finding someone who is qualified and supportive to accompany you is important. I offer a warm, accepting and nurturing environment in which together we can explore your feelings and thoughts to gain a better understanding of your self and to make positive changes that will allow you to live life more fully. My goal is to understand you as you are and to work with you at your own pace honoring your unique strengths and knowledge.
(831) 531-7949 x12 View (831) 531-7949 x12
Photo of Michael James Miceli, Marriage & Family Therapist in Aptos, CA
Michael James Miceli
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Aptos, CA 95003
I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist and the Co-Founder of A New Hope Family Counseling & Consulting Inc. (A New Hope). I have an extensive history of service to the mental health community, specializing in treatment of Bipolar Disorder, Schizophrenia, OCD, Anxiety Disorders, Depression, and Borderline Personality Disorder. My work is informed by CBT, DBT, Narrative, and Solution-Focused modalities. I look forward to working with you!
I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist and the Co-Founder of A New Hope Family Counseling & Consulting Inc. (A New Hope). I have an extensive history of service to the mental health community, specializing in treatment of Bipolar Disorder, Schizophrenia, OCD, Anxiety Disorders, Depression, and Borderline Personality Disorder. My work is informed by CBT, DBT, Narrative, and Solution-Focused modalities. I look forward to working with you!
(831) 201-1993 View (831) 201-1993
Photo of Harvey Cohen, Marriage & Family Therapist in Aptos, CA
Harvey Cohen
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
Aptos, CA 95003
I believe that people come into counseling or psychotherapy for a variety of reasons from loss to personal growth. Change and transitions can be difficult. I bring a unique blend of over 25 years of experience as a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist, Professor of Psychology, and California state provider of continue education for therapists and social workers. I believe we are on our path of personal growth. Fear, anxiety, and depression can both slow and inform this process. I work in the here and now, but realize the importance of how our childhood experience has impacted the way we feel, think, and behave.
I believe that people come into counseling or psychotherapy for a variety of reasons from loss to personal growth. Change and transitions can be difficult. I bring a unique blend of over 25 years of experience as a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist, Professor of Psychology, and California state provider of continue education for therapists and social workers. I believe we are on our path of personal growth. Fear, anxiety, and depression can both slow and inform this process. I work in the here and now, but realize the importance of how our childhood experience has impacted the way we feel, think, and behave.
(831) 607-1713 View (831) 607-1713
Photo of Lisa Barrera, Marriage & Family Therapist in Aptos, CA
Lisa Barrera
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Aptos, CA 95003
Issues stemming from anxiety, stress, depression, and trauma can get in our way of living a satisfying, fulfilling life. But it doesn’t have to be this way. We all have within us the capacity to cope with, and even grow from, hardships and challenges. With my guidance we will explore and process the underlying fears, unmet needs, and negative beliefs that keep you “stuck”. We will cultivate your inner strengths to help you become healthier, more resilient, and enjoy more positivity in your life and your relationships with others.
Issues stemming from anxiety, stress, depression, and trauma can get in our way of living a satisfying, fulfilling life. But it doesn’t have to be this way. We all have within us the capacity to cope with, and even grow from, hardships and challenges. With my guidance we will explore and process the underlying fears, unmet needs, and negative beliefs that keep you “stuck”. We will cultivate your inner strengths to help you become healthier, more resilient, and enjoy more positivity in your life and your relationships with others.
(408) 320-0994 View (408) 320-0994
Photo of Sharon Vaughn in Aptos, CA
Sharon Vaughn
MPH, RN, Couples, Coach
Verified Verified
Aptos, CA 95003
I love helping people realize how good they really are rather than staying stuck in their low self-esteem. To be blunt, I’m a smart, deeply experienced, super kind, caregiving Coach. What I really love to do is help women and men solve their anxieties and recover their joy. My goal is to help you uncover your true potential and lead a life that is worth celebrating. If you're looking for extra support and help through a challenging situation or you are just ready to move in a new direction in your life, I look forward to working with you to achieve your goals.
I love helping people realize how good they really are rather than staying stuck in their low self-esteem. To be blunt, I’m a smart, deeply experienced, super kind, caregiving Coach. What I really love to do is help women and men solve their anxieties and recover their joy. My goal is to help you uncover your true potential and lead a life that is worth celebrating. If you're looking for extra support and help through a challenging situation or you are just ready to move in a new direction in your life, I look forward to working with you to achieve your goals.
(831) 215-3273 View (831) 215-3273
Photo of Osha Brodsky, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Aptos, CA
Osha Brodsky
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
Aptos, CA 95003
I am passionate about supporting couples, families, adolescents, and adults to nurture their strengths and to discover areas where growth and healing is possible. My holistic approach to therapy aims to empower you to make peace with past traumas, to clear obstacles in the pursuit of happiness, and to become more fulfilled in life!
I am passionate about supporting couples, families, adolescents, and adults to nurture their strengths and to discover areas where growth and healing is possible. My holistic approach to therapy aims to empower you to make peace with past traumas, to clear obstacles in the pursuit of happiness, and to become more fulfilled in life!
(831) 888-1198 View (831) 888-1198
Photo of Dustin Adler, Marriage & Family Therapist in Aptos, CA
Dustin Adler
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Aptos, CA 95003  (Online Only)
Are you waking up already consumed by stress, anxiety, and feeling exhausted? Or each day starts off heavy with the burden of an overwhelming life? Whether you’re feeling totally hopeless, the darkness of depression has overtaken you, you have lost your sense of purpose, or are deflated in your career or your relationship, I CAN help. Together, we’ll get to the root of where your pain comes from, learn what truly drives you, and discover parts of your identity that have long disappeared. You’ll learn tools to get out of your own way, stop judging yourself, and break free from the painful cycles that you have been stuck in.
Are you waking up already consumed by stress, anxiety, and feeling exhausted? Or each day starts off heavy with the burden of an overwhelming life? Whether you’re feeling totally hopeless, the darkness of depression has overtaken you, you have lost your sense of purpose, or are deflated in your career or your relationship, I CAN help. Together, we’ll get to the root of where your pain comes from, learn what truly drives you, and discover parts of your identity that have long disappeared. You’ll learn tools to get out of your own way, stop judging yourself, and break free from the painful cycles that you have been stuck in.
(442) 218-3142 View (442) 218-3142
Photo of Audre Nelson, Marriage & Family Therapist in Aptos, CA
Audre Nelson
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA
Verified Verified
Aptos, CA 95003
Good for you for taking the first step in reaching out for support. I appreciate that it can be challenging to make that initial move in creating change. I am a strength-based therapist who has been in practice for over 18 years. I work with individuals and families with my specialty being adolescents and people dealing with transitions in their lives.
Good for you for taking the first step in reaching out for support. I appreciate that it can be challenging to make that initial move in creating change. I am a strength-based therapist who has been in practice for over 18 years. I work with individuals and families with my specialty being adolescents and people dealing with transitions in their lives.
(831) 740-8610 View (831) 740-8610
Photo of Patricia Dudley, Marriage & Family Therapist in Aptos, CA
Patricia Dudley
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Aptos, CA 95003
I work well with motivated clients who are looking to improve their daily lives through self-exploration, and are open to challenging their current patterns in order to reach your goals. Whether you are struggling with depression, anxiety, feeling stuck, work/life stress, relationship issues, past trauma, or managing the daily challenges we are facing during this COVID-19 global shift, I would love to be here to support you. I work primarily with individuals and groups.
I work well with motivated clients who are looking to improve their daily lives through self-exploration, and are open to challenging their current patterns in order to reach your goals. Whether you are struggling with depression, anxiety, feeling stuck, work/life stress, relationship issues, past trauma, or managing the daily challenges we are facing during this COVID-19 global shift, I would love to be here to support you. I work primarily with individuals and groups.
(831) 292-4073 View (831) 292-4073

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Aptos, CA

100+

Average cost per session

$160

Therapists in Aptos, CA who prioritize treating:

90% Anxiety
89% Depression
86% Relationship Issues
75% Self Esteem
71% Trauma and PTSD
70% Grief
63% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

16 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

33% Aetna
33% Other
31% MHN | Health Net

How Therapists in Aptos, CA see their clients

82% In Person and Online
18% Online Only

Gender breakdown

74% Female
25% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Aptos?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.