Therapists in Saint Louis, MO

View neighborhoods in Saint Louis
Photo of Dr. Yoshiko Hall, Psychologist in Saint Louis, MO
Dr. Yoshiko Hall
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63117
I practice from a culturally-responsive and inclusive foundation, and have extensive experience working with patients from various cultural, racial/ethnic, spiritual and religious backgrounds. In particular, I feel passionate about serving the Asians, and immigrant population. As an Asian immigrant myself, I understand our unique cultural challenges such as identity issues and intergenerational conflicts, and how cultural trauma and stressors can play a role in our mental health. I also enjoy working with couples who are in mixed race/ multicultural relationship, or encountering challenges due to factors related to race and culture.
I practice from a culturally-responsive and inclusive foundation, and have extensive experience working with patients from various cultural, racial/ethnic, spiritual and religious backgrounds. In particular, I feel passionate about serving the Asians, and immigrant population. As an Asian immigrant myself, I understand our unique cultural challenges such as identity issues and intergenerational conflicts, and how cultural trauma and stressors can play a role in our mental health. I also enjoy working with couples who are in mixed race/ multicultural relationship, or encountering challenges due to factors related to race and culture.
(314) 207-8896 View (314) 207-8896
Photo of Jason Blakemore, Licensed Professional Counselor in Saint Louis, MO
Jason Blakemore
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63129  (Online Only)
Clients who desire a positive change in their lives and the willingness work on themselves are who I am looking for. Clients who are struggling with a life change, trauma or just feel stuck are where I enjoy helping the most.
Clients who desire a positive change in their lives and the willingness work on themselves are who I am looking for. Clients who are struggling with a life change, trauma or just feel stuck are where I enjoy helping the most.
(314) 788-3639 View (314) 788-3639
Photo of Pete Sandoval, Licensed Professional Counselor in Saint Louis, MO
Pete Sandoval
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC, CCTP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63114  (Online Only)
Today is a new day! Having someone to listen without judgment is a tremendous gift. It can remove the loneliness and despair that can happen when life gets to be too much to bear. Perhaps you've had therapy before but something's still missing. You've done everything you can think of or that your previous therapist told you. You are dedicated to your personal growth. You engage in regular practices and are committed to do whatever it takes to be your best self. Despite some real progress, the deeper relief you've been looking for hasn't occurred just yet.
Today is a new day! Having someone to listen without judgment is a tremendous gift. It can remove the loneliness and despair that can happen when life gets to be too much to bear. Perhaps you've had therapy before but something's still missing. You've done everything you can think of or that your previous therapist told you. You are dedicated to your personal growth. You engage in regular practices and are committed to do whatever it takes to be your best self. Despite some real progress, the deeper relief you've been looking for hasn't occurred just yet.
(314) 462-2696 View (314) 462-2696
Photo of Denise Frisella, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Saint Louis, MO
Denise Frisella
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, EMDR
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63127  (Online Only)
I specialize in trauma therapy, navigating the complexities of grief and loss, managing depression and fostering general mental health wellness. My practice is anchored in offering a compassionate space that promotes healing. Together we'll work toward releasing blockages and nurturing your path to recovery as you evolve and deepen your self connection. ​
I specialize in trauma therapy, navigating the complexities of grief and loss, managing depression and fostering general mental health wellness. My practice is anchored in offering a compassionate space that promotes healing. Together we'll work toward releasing blockages and nurturing your path to recovery as you evolve and deepen your self connection. ​
(636) 422-5684 View (636) 422-5684
Photo of Erin Maloney, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Saint Louis, MO
Erin Maloney
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63139
Not accepting new clients
It is tough when you get stuck in a cycle of using unhealthy coping tools to make it through the day. It can feel challenging and scary to face what is there. You may feel lost and have forgotten or lost track of what you want from life. You may be looking for motivation, fulfillment, a way forward, and effective ways to get through life’s challenges. With all of the things you have to do, it can make it difficult to make you a priority. I would be honored to help you find your way forward. My overall approach is to help clients accept what they cannot control while working toward building a life that reflects their values.
It is tough when you get stuck in a cycle of using unhealthy coping tools to make it through the day. It can feel challenging and scary to face what is there. You may feel lost and have forgotten or lost track of what you want from life. You may be looking for motivation, fulfillment, a way forward, and effective ways to get through life’s challenges. With all of the things you have to do, it can make it difficult to make you a priority. I would be honored to help you find your way forward. My overall approach is to help clients accept what they cannot control while working toward building a life that reflects their values.
(314) 897-4070 View (314) 897-4070
Photo of San Mueller, Licensed Professional Counselor in Saint Louis, MO
San Mueller
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, NCC, DBT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63125  (Online Only)
I have provided counseling and support for adults, adolescents, and families struggling with personal issues and relationship problems for over 25 years. I believe people are doing the best they can but sometimes need to reach out for help and support. I believe we have a purpose in life and sometimes we need help to find that purpose.
I have provided counseling and support for adults, adolescents, and families struggling with personal issues and relationship problems for over 25 years. I believe people are doing the best they can but sometimes need to reach out for help and support. I believe we have a purpose in life and sometimes we need help to find that purpose.
(314) 310-1690 View (314) 310-1690
Photo of Caycee McKinney, LPC Intern in Saint Louis, MO
Caycee McKinney
LPC Intern
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63104
Have you been struggling recently and not knowing how to cope? Have you been navigating stress with life, school, relationships, and/or your sports performance? I understand what it feels like to not know what is next, to feel like there is this weight on your shoulders and chest; I want you to know you are not alone. Therapy is nothing to be ashamed of and I want to be the person to help you through this stage in your life so you can become your most authentic self.
Have you been struggling recently and not knowing how to cope? Have you been navigating stress with life, school, relationships, and/or your sports performance? I understand what it feels like to not know what is next, to feel like there is this weight on your shoulders and chest; I want you to know you are not alone. Therapy is nothing to be ashamed of and I want to be the person to help you through this stage in your life so you can become your most authentic self.
(314) 748-1497 View (314) 748-1497
Photo of Kristin Seymour Msn Rn Aprn-Bc in Saint Louis, MO
Kristin Seymour Msn Rn Aprn-Bc
MSN, RN, APRN, BC
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63124
Waitlist for new clients
ADHD Authority, Harvard Professor & Psychiatrist Dr. Ned Hallowell states, "If you have a chance to work with Kristin, don't think twice. I have referred clients to her and can tell you, she has magic. Not only does she have all the knowledge she needs, but she has the knack, the understanding & natural empathy of one who has been there, of one who really burns to make sure others do not suffer the way she did. This tenacious, loving guide is sent from heaven. Seek her out, trust her & give thanks you've found her."
ADHD Authority, Harvard Professor & Psychiatrist Dr. Ned Hallowell states, "If you have a chance to work with Kristin, don't think twice. I have referred clients to her and can tell you, she has magic. Not only does she have all the knowledge she needs, but she has the knack, the understanding & natural empathy of one who has been there, of one who really burns to make sure others do not suffer the way she did. This tenacious, loving guide is sent from heaven. Seek her out, trust her & give thanks you've found her."
(314) 307-5092 View (314) 307-5092
Photo of Stacey D Miller, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Saint Louis, MO
Stacey D Miller
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63117  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
Does it feel like your past has hijacked your present life? Are you struggling to find hope for peace and happiness? Are you sick and tired of being sick and tired? If you have answered yes to any of these questions...... I am so happy that you are here. Life can be so unpredictable and feel as if your feet have been knocked right from under you without warning. Sometimes to the point where you might think you will never stand steady again. There are many things that are out of our control, however, we can all learn tools that can help us manage and bring balance and healing to our lives restoring that sense of hope.
Does it feel like your past has hijacked your present life? Are you struggling to find hope for peace and happiness? Are you sick and tired of being sick and tired? If you have answered yes to any of these questions...... I am so happy that you are here. Life can be so unpredictable and feel as if your feet have been knocked right from under you without warning. Sometimes to the point where you might think you will never stand steady again. There are many things that are out of our control, however, we can all learn tools that can help us manage and bring balance and healing to our lives restoring that sense of hope.
(314) 697-2408 View (314) 697-2408
Photo of Andrea Crafton Bloom Perinatal Therapy, Licensed Professional Counselor in Saint Louis, MO
Andrea Crafton Bloom Perinatal Therapy
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63146  (Online Only)
You currently may feel alone and no one understands your struggles whether you are having issues with infertility, loss, the postpartum period, or birth trauma/planning. The people you are closest to try to be supportive, but their support just isn't enough. Your current reality is far from what you envisioned for yourself regarding motherhood and instead you are left feeling defeated. I often hear from my clients they feel stuck while the world is moving at a fast pace right by them. Let's work together to help get you moving and unstuck.
You currently may feel alone and no one understands your struggles whether you are having issues with infertility, loss, the postpartum period, or birth trauma/planning. The people you are closest to try to be supportive, but their support just isn't enough. Your current reality is far from what you envisioned for yourself regarding motherhood and instead you are left feeling defeated. I often hear from my clients they feel stuck while the world is moving at a fast pace right by them. Let's work together to help get you moving and unstuck.
(573) 577-2604 View (573) 577-2604
Photo of John Hart, Licensed Professional Counselor in Saint Louis, MO
John Hart
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63105
I have over 20 years of experience working in a therapeutic setting. My approach places a central focus on development of a strong therapeutic relationship and creating a space where one can explore personal issues. Symptoms are often what bring people to seek therapy. I see a symptom as a means for understanding the underlying issues that cause them. I have experience working with adults and adolescents (ages 13 and older). In support of working with adolescents, I also work with parents in a parallel manner.
I have over 20 years of experience working in a therapeutic setting. My approach places a central focus on development of a strong therapeutic relationship and creating a space where one can explore personal issues. Symptoms are often what bring people to seek therapy. I see a symptom as a means for understanding the underlying issues that cause them. I have experience working with adults and adolescents (ages 13 and older). In support of working with adolescents, I also work with parents in a parallel manner.
(314) 488-2156 View (314) 488-2156
Photo of Haddon Kellahan, Licensed Professional Counselor in Saint Louis, MO
Haddon Kellahan
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63118
Many of us get to a point in life where we realize that we cannot keep doing what we've always done. We are tired, discouraged, and unsure of how things could ever change. Maybe you've been fighting addictive behavior, or perhaps you are feeling weighed down by relentless depression/anxiety? Maybe you and your spouse are constantly arguing and wonder if things could ever get back to the way they used to be? You have tried and hoped for things to be different, but they just aren't...
Many of us get to a point in life where we realize that we cannot keep doing what we've always done. We are tired, discouraged, and unsure of how things could ever change. Maybe you've been fighting addictive behavior, or perhaps you are feeling weighed down by relentless depression/anxiety? Maybe you and your spouse are constantly arguing and wonder if things could ever get back to the way they used to be? You have tried and hoped for things to be different, but they just aren't...
(636) 442-0427 View (636) 442-0427
Photo of Courtney Loosemore, Pre-Licensed Professional in Saint Louis, MO
Courtney Loosemore
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, PLPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63131
"You are loved and you are safe" are words we long to feel as we walk through our days, months and years. Yet, many of us walk through our days feeling fearful, powerless and alone. It is a brave journey to enter into your story and Courtney counts it a privilege to come along side you as you grow towards hope in the midst of the darkness. Courtney desires to partner with you and together explore how you can begin to live life more fully and see growth in areas of struggle.
"You are loved and you are safe" are words we long to feel as we walk through our days, months and years. Yet, many of us walk through our days feeling fearful, powerless and alone. It is a brave journey to enter into your story and Courtney counts it a privilege to come along side you as you grow towards hope in the midst of the darkness. Courtney desires to partner with you and together explore how you can begin to live life more fully and see growth in areas of struggle.
(314) 632-6815 View (314) 632-6815
Photo of Katie Boyd, Psychologist in Saint Louis, MO
Katie Boyd
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63131
I am passionate about psychology and making a positive difference in people's lives. As a generalist, I conduct individual therapy for a variety of concerns, with specialties in treating anxiety, panic attacks, perfectionism, obsessive thinking, women's issues, and codependency. I am both knowledgeable and compassionate, professional and relatable. My approach in therapy is collaborative, in which I empower my clients to help themselves. In my role as a therapist, I can be a supportive listener or active "coach," depending on need. I utilize a wide range of interventions tailored to the specific needs of each individual.
I am passionate about psychology and making a positive difference in people's lives. As a generalist, I conduct individual therapy for a variety of concerns, with specialties in treating anxiety, panic attacks, perfectionism, obsessive thinking, women's issues, and codependency. I am both knowledgeable and compassionate, professional and relatable. My approach in therapy is collaborative, in which I empower my clients to help themselves. In my role as a therapist, I can be a supportive listener or active "coach," depending on need. I utilize a wide range of interventions tailored to the specific needs of each individual.
(314) 230-9679 View (314) 230-9679
Photo of Kelly Buckley, Licensed Professional Counselor in Saint Louis, MO
Kelly Buckley
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63109
Not accepting new clients
Not accepting new clients as of 4/21/24. Have you been feeling that, despite your best efforts, the same negative things keep happening to you? It may be that friendships feel out of reach, intimate relationships fail, or jobs don’t work out. You may find yourself struggling to believe that you can have success or happiness.
Not accepting new clients as of 4/21/24. Have you been feeling that, despite your best efforts, the same negative things keep happening to you? It may be that friendships feel out of reach, intimate relationships fail, or jobs don’t work out. You may find yourself struggling to believe that you can have success or happiness.
(314) 912-0648 View (314) 912-0648
Photo of Kristy Snelson, Licensed Professional Counselor in Saint Louis, MO
Kristy Snelson
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, BSN, LPC
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63146
Waitlist for new clients
I feel stuck and I don't know what's going on. I hear this everyday from clients and I've experienced this as well. Trauma controls our career choices, our partners, and other important dynamics of our lives. I service clients who deal with childhood and adulthood trauma. I also assist clients who struggle with feeling stuck and difficulty finding their purpose. Clients I work with desire an emotional and a mental release. I also work with clients who desire to grow spiritually through use of biblical knowledge if requested.
I feel stuck and I don't know what's going on. I hear this everyday from clients and I've experienced this as well. Trauma controls our career choices, our partners, and other important dynamics of our lives. I service clients who deal with childhood and adulthood trauma. I also assist clients who struggle with feeling stuck and difficulty finding their purpose. Clients I work with desire an emotional and a mental release. I also work with clients who desire to grow spiritually through use of biblical knowledge if requested.
(314) 492-1489 View (314) 492-1489
Photo of Celine Noelle Reinoso, Pre-Licensed Professional in Saint Louis, MO
Celine Noelle Reinoso
Pre-Licensed Professional, MSW, LMSW
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63110  (Online Only)
You might be feeling gravity pulling you down, or fighting hard to keep afloat. Your friends and family might not understand, and you feel like all you have is yourself in your corner. You have been working hard to keep yourself safe–but what if you didn’t have to work so hard anymore? Let me be someone to offer a moment of relief, companionship, and compassion.
You might be feeling gravity pulling you down, or fighting hard to keep afloat. Your friends and family might not understand, and you feel like all you have is yourself in your corner. You have been working hard to keep yourself safe–but what if you didn’t have to work so hard anymore? Let me be someone to offer a moment of relief, companionship, and compassion.
(314) 350-7525 View (314) 350-7525
Photo of Juliana Varela, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Saint Louis, MO
Juliana Varela
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63117
People seek therapy for variety of reasons, ranging from difficulties with a specific life event or a general pursuit for greater purpose and connectedness. Psychotherapy offers an arena for self exploration unlike any other and can prove to be a profoundly moving experience. I work with individuals affected by trauma, difficulties in relationships, depression/post-partum depression, infertility, adoption, parenting, struggles in cultural adaptation and immigration, identity, self-esteem, sexuality, etc. Often I find that the most meaningful change comes from those who are open and willing to engage in the journey. The change you seek comes from you and will be our guiding force.
People seek therapy for variety of reasons, ranging from difficulties with a specific life event or a general pursuit for greater purpose and connectedness. Psychotherapy offers an arena for self exploration unlike any other and can prove to be a profoundly moving experience. I work with individuals affected by trauma, difficulties in relationships, depression/post-partum depression, infertility, adoption, parenting, struggles in cultural adaptation and immigration, identity, self-esteem, sexuality, etc. Often I find that the most meaningful change comes from those who are open and willing to engage in the journey. The change you seek comes from you and will be our guiding force.
(314) 591-5187 View (314) 591-5187
Photo of Macaela Gilson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Saint Louis, MO
Macaela Gilson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Saint Louis, MO 63139
It’s so common to find ourselves feeling overwhelmed, self-critical, anxious, or lonely. When we do, it’s all the more common to want to avoid looking at what’s transpiring for us out of fear for what we might find. However, not looking tends to mean that we’re bound to misunderstand our experiences, and over time, adding more layers of distress, disconnection, and dissatisfaction — we are suffering and by refusing to look at our suffering, we suffer more. I can help! Together, we’ll create an honest, non-judgmental space in which you can begin to look inward, to listen to the deep strength and internal wisdom you already posses.
It’s so common to find ourselves feeling overwhelmed, self-critical, anxious, or lonely. When we do, it’s all the more common to want to avoid looking at what’s transpiring for us out of fear for what we might find. However, not looking tends to mean that we’re bound to misunderstand our experiences, and over time, adding more layers of distress, disconnection, and dissatisfaction — we are suffering and by refusing to look at our suffering, we suffer more. I can help! Together, we’ll create an honest, non-judgmental space in which you can begin to look inward, to listen to the deep strength and internal wisdom you already posses.
(314) 949-5113 View (314) 949-5113
Photo of Stephanie M. Smith, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Saint Louis, MO
Stephanie M. Smith
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
Saint Louis, MO 63118  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
My name is Stephanie (she/they) and I'm glad you're here! I am a licensed clinical social worker and therapist committed to helping folks create purpose and fulfillment in life through deconstructing unhelpful behaviors or beliefs. My work focuses on meeting clients exactly where they are in order to create a collaborative approach to helping clients reach their goals. I am passionate about providing gender affirming and body positive mental healthcare to all who need it. Some of my favorite folks to work with are those experiencing depression, anxiety, body image distress, spirituality/religious concerns, and life transitions.
My name is Stephanie (she/they) and I'm glad you're here! I am a licensed clinical social worker and therapist committed to helping folks create purpose and fulfillment in life through deconstructing unhelpful behaviors or beliefs. My work focuses on meeting clients exactly where they are in order to create a collaborative approach to helping clients reach their goals. I am passionate about providing gender affirming and body positive mental healthcare to all who need it. Some of my favorite folks to work with are those experiencing depression, anxiety, body image distress, spirituality/religious concerns, and life transitions.
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How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Saint Louis, MO

1,000+

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in Saint Louis, MO who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
86% Depression
77% Relationship Issues
74% Self Esteem
70% Trauma and PTSD
67% Stress
66% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

74% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
71% Aetna
71% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in Saint Louis, MO see their clients

75% In Person and Online
25% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
20% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Saint Louis?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.