Photo of Jennifer Hollar, Counselor in Golden Valley, MN
Jennifer Hollar
Counselor, MPS, LPCC, LADC
Verified Verified
Golden Valley, MN 55422
Current openings available! Do you ever find yourself irritated at little things, or the people close to you? Do you find yourself constantly worried, or discouraged by everyday life? Therapy can be a scary thing to consider, but my goal is to help you be the best version of yourself with a little support and encouragement! I use cognitive behavioral strategies mixed with brain & body education so my patients have a better understanding of how and why they may react to things in life that seem automatic and how they can take charge and re-direct these unhelpful reactions to feel more successful in life.
Current openings available! Do you ever find yourself irritated at little things, or the people close to you? Do you find yourself constantly worried, or discouraged by everyday life? Therapy can be a scary thing to consider, but my goal is to help you be the best version of yourself with a little support and encouragement! I use cognitive behavioral strategies mixed with brain & body education so my patients have a better understanding of how and why they may react to things in life that seem automatic and how they can take charge and re-direct these unhelpful reactions to feel more successful in life.
(763) 703-2505 View (763) 703-2505
Photo of Amber Manders, Counselor in Golden Valley, MN
Amber Manders
Counselor, MS, LPCC
Verified Verified
Golden Valley, MN 55422
She also uses strategies and techniques from therapeutic approaches from Somatic Experiencing (completed Intermediate I training), Person-centered Therapy, and Trauma-Informed Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy.
Currently not accepting any new client............The hardest journey is the journey inwards. Amber has a passion for supporting individuals and families who have experienced trauma. She strives to create a safe, welcoming, and comfortable space where her clients can share openly and make progress.
She also uses strategies and techniques from therapeutic approaches from Somatic Experiencing (completed Intermediate I training), Person-centered Therapy, and Trauma-Informed Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy.
Currently not accepting any new client............The hardest journey is the journey inwards. Amber has a passion for supporting individuals and families who have experienced trauma. She strives to create a safe, welcoming, and comfortable space where her clients can share openly and make progress.
(612) 520-7442 x125 View (612) 520-7442 x125
Photo of Danielle Audette, Counselor in Golden Valley, MN
Danielle Audette
Counselor, MA, LPCC, LADC
Verified Verified
Golden Valley, MN 55422  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I utilize techniques from various modalities, including person centered therapy, harm reduction approaches, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), adaptive information processing theory (IAP), and practice trauma informed therapy.
I am a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor and Licensed Alcohol and Drug Counselor. I enjoy working with adults who are 18 years or older. I have experience working with individuals who have alcohol and/or drug addition, those in recovery, trauma/PTSD, parts work/ego state/dissociation, anxiety, panic disorders, depression, grief and loss, and anger management. I am also trained in eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). My belief is that everyone is the expert on themselves, and the power to heal is within. I aid people in finding their own path towards recovery from mental health and chemical health concerns.
I utilize techniques from various modalities, including person centered therapy, harm reduction approaches, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), adaptive information processing theory (IAP), and practice trauma informed therapy.
I am a Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor and Licensed Alcohol and Drug Counselor. I enjoy working with adults who are 18 years or older. I have experience working with individuals who have alcohol and/or drug addition, those in recovery, trauma/PTSD, parts work/ego state/dissociation, anxiety, panic disorders, depression, grief and loss, and anger management. I am also trained in eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). My belief is that everyone is the expert on themselves, and the power to heal is within. I aid people in finding their own path towards recovery from mental health and chemical health concerns.
(763) 575-8086 View (763) 575-8086
Photo of Natalie Quiring-Oleson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Golden Valley, MN
Natalie Quiring-Oleson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Golden Valley, MN 55422
I use play therapy, eye movement desensitization reprocessing (EMDR), meditation, mindfulness, and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT).
Are you struggling with anxiety, depression, or trauma? Is your child struggling with their behaviors, especially during transitions, like bedtime, or getting ready for school? I may be able to help. I specialize with working with both children and adults, ages 5+, to help ease suffering and improve overall functioning. I can work with parents to help solve problems with their children, provide support for the difficulty of parenting, and psychoeducation about the challenges their child is facing. I also have experience with clients who struggle with trauma, grief, self-harm and suicidality.
I use play therapy, eye movement desensitization reprocessing (EMDR), meditation, mindfulness, and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT).
Are you struggling with anxiety, depression, or trauma? Is your child struggling with their behaviors, especially during transitions, like bedtime, or getting ready for school? I may be able to help. I specialize with working with both children and adults, ages 5+, to help ease suffering and improve overall functioning. I can work with parents to help solve problems with their children, provide support for the difficulty of parenting, and psychoeducation about the challenges their child is facing. I also have experience with clients who struggle with trauma, grief, self-harm and suicidality.
(763) 373-6481 View (763) 373-6481
Photo of Bonnett Ottelia Chandler, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Golden Valley, MN
Bonnett Ottelia Chandler
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, MA LPCC
Verified Verified
Golden Valley, MN 55422  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I am certified in Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavior Therapy and trained in Internal Family Systems (IFS), Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR).
Are you looking for an affirming and relatable therapist? Do you feel stuck or overwhelmed in your day-to-day life? Is it difficult for you to move on from past or present pain? Perhaps you feel sadness, failure, anxiety, or a sense of despair. Do these feelings keep you from living the life you want? Disempowering thoughts and feelings of what happened and are currently going through may keep you stuck. You want to go forward but trauma has interfered. I can help you transform painful emotions into renewed wellbeing. How? You will gain a fresh perspective and learn strategies allowing you to discover your true and authentic self.
I am certified in Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavior Therapy and trained in Internal Family Systems (IFS), Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT), Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR).
Are you looking for an affirming and relatable therapist? Do you feel stuck or overwhelmed in your day-to-day life? Is it difficult for you to move on from past or present pain? Perhaps you feel sadness, failure, anxiety, or a sense of despair. Do these feelings keep you from living the life you want? Disempowering thoughts and feelings of what happened and are currently going through may keep you stuck. You want to go forward but trauma has interfered. I can help you transform painful emotions into renewed wellbeing. How? You will gain a fresh perspective and learn strategies allowing you to discover your true and authentic self.
(763) 325-8730 View (763) 325-8730
Photo of Teia Kopari, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Golden Valley, MN
Teia Kopari
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LGSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Golden Valley, MN 55416
While I have been trained in a variety of theoretical frameworks, I use different approaches to best fit the needs of my clients; though a few of my favorite modalities are emotionally focus therapy, interpersonal, and CBT.
I enjoy working with individuals experiencing life adjustments, anxiety, depression, and trauma, couples struggling with communication, infidelity, disconnection in the relationship, sexual concerns, divorce or separation, and other life events. I have a special interest in working with women in areas of self-esteem, assertiveness, sexual wellbeing, perfectionism, and co-dependency.
While I have been trained in a variety of theoretical frameworks, I use different approaches to best fit the needs of my clients; though a few of my favorite modalities are emotionally focus therapy, interpersonal, and CBT.
I enjoy working with individuals experiencing life adjustments, anxiety, depression, and trauma, couples struggling with communication, infidelity, disconnection in the relationship, sexual concerns, divorce or separation, and other life events. I have a special interest in working with women in areas of self-esteem, assertiveness, sexual wellbeing, perfectionism, and co-dependency.
(763) 878-6473 View (763) 878-6473
Photo of Branden Phillips, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Golden Valley, MN
Branden Phillips
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Golden Valley, MN 55422  (Online Only)
I combine solution-focused, strength-based therapeutic methods with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and skills work to directly address individuals specific concerns.
I've worked with people of all ages across the lifespan. Throughout my career I have worked with people of all ages managing experiences of depression, anxiety, addiction, technology, trauma, and abuse. I am "geek" and LBGTQ+ friendly and have experience with people from diverse cultural, economic, and ethnic backgrounds. I also have extensive experience working with people and families managing chronic illness, hospice and palliative care, and end of life decisions. With affirmation, practical education, and clinical guidance, I help individuals gain personal insights, nurture relationships, and manage difficulties in their lives.
I combine solution-focused, strength-based therapeutic methods with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and skills work to directly address individuals specific concerns.
I've worked with people of all ages across the lifespan. Throughout my career I have worked with people of all ages managing experiences of depression, anxiety, addiction, technology, trauma, and abuse. I am "geek" and LBGTQ+ friendly and have experience with people from diverse cultural, economic, and ethnic backgrounds. I also have extensive experience working with people and families managing chronic illness, hospice and palliative care, and end of life decisions. With affirmation, practical education, and clinical guidance, I help individuals gain personal insights, nurture relationships, and manage difficulties in their lives.
(612) 440-1899 View (612) 440-1899
Photo of Amy Kennedy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Golden Valley, MN
Amy Kennedy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LICSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Golden Valley, MN 55416
I offer EMDR therapy and utilize components from CBT, TF-CBT, and Inner Child work.
Hello! I am a trauma-informed therapist located in Wayzata, MN. I work primarily with adults, teens and pre-teens (ages 12+). I have expertise treating PTSD, Complex PTSD, anxiety, depression, and helping people navigate life transitions. In both my personal and professional life, I have witnessed the ways that negative experiences impact our self-worth and how we navigate the world. My goal is to provide a calm, safe space to help you explore and process your past in order to improve your present.
I offer EMDR therapy and utilize components from CBT, TF-CBT, and Inner Child work.
Hello! I am a trauma-informed therapist located in Wayzata, MN. I work primarily with adults, teens and pre-teens (ages 12+). I have expertise treating PTSD, Complex PTSD, anxiety, depression, and helping people navigate life transitions. In both my personal and professional life, I have witnessed the ways that negative experiences impact our self-worth and how we navigate the world. My goal is to provide a calm, safe space to help you explore and process your past in order to improve your present.
(763) 373-9385 View (763) 373-9385
Photo of Life and Light Psychotherapy and Wellness, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Golden Valley, MN
Life and Light Psychotherapy and Wellness
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
Golden Valley, MN 55416
Some of the approaches we use include, but are not limited to: Brainspotting, EMDR, Hypnotherapy, Brain Gym, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectical Behavior Therapy, Creative Art Therapy, Sensorimotor therapy, Narrative therapy, Mindfulness, Self-compassion, Energy medicine, Transpersonal, Spiritual approaches, Sand tray.
If you are reading this, its an important step you just took towards your own healing journey. At Life and Light Healing and Wellness we lovingly attend to you, to all that makes you...you, to co-create a healing space. Whether it's the dark clouds of depression, the tentacles of anxiety, or the storm of PTSD, our clinicians are equipped with the tools and skills to support you through your journey to healing.
Some of the approaches we use include, but are not limited to: Brainspotting, EMDR, Hypnotherapy, Brain Gym, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Dialectical Behavior Therapy, Creative Art Therapy, Sensorimotor therapy, Narrative therapy, Mindfulness, Self-compassion, Energy medicine, Transpersonal, Spiritual approaches, Sand tray.
If you are reading this, its an important step you just took towards your own healing journey. At Life and Light Healing and Wellness we lovingly attend to you, to all that makes you...you, to co-create a healing space. Whether it's the dark clouds of depression, the tentacles of anxiety, or the storm of PTSD, our clinicians are equipped with the tools and skills to support you through your journey to healing.
(952) 260-4563 View (952) 260-4563
Photo of David Hoy & Associates, Psychologist in Golden Valley, MN
David Hoy & Associates
Psychologist, PhD, MA, LP, CPCC
Verified Verified
Golden Valley, MN 55426
David Hoy & Associates has immediate openings for new clients to start therapy services via online video counseling or in person. We offer flexible day and evening hours to accommodate busy schedules.
David Hoy & Associates has immediate openings for new clients to start therapy services via online video counseling or in person. We offer flexible day and evening hours to accommodate busy schedules.
(763) 280-7732 View (763) 280-7732
Photo of NewPath Mental Health Services in Golden Valley, MN
NewPath Mental Health Services
Verified Verified
Golden Valley, MN 55426
Founded in 1993 by Dr. Jeanette Vought, NewPath Mental Health Services (NPMHS) provides professional mental health services, incorporating Christian faith for those desiring it, to individuals who have experienced abuse or trauma. While we specialize in providing care to those who have experienced trauma, our therapists also have expertise treating depression, anxiety, sexual addictions, and addressing family and relational concerns. We are passionate about our mission to provide quality mental health care to everyone.
Founded in 1993 by Dr. Jeanette Vought, NewPath Mental Health Services (NPMHS) provides professional mental health services, incorporating Christian faith for those desiring it, to individuals who have experienced abuse or trauma. While we specialize in providing care to those who have experienced trauma, our therapists also have expertise treating depression, anxiety, sexual addictions, and addressing family and relational concerns. We are passionate about our mission to provide quality mental health care to everyone.
(763) 250-5016 View (763) 250-5016
Photo of Stefanie P Hofman, Marriage & Family Therapist in Golden Valley, MN
Stefanie P Hofman
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Golden Valley, MN 55426
Stefanie Hofman MA, LMFT is a seasoned professional therapist specializing in matters that sometimes make others uncomfortable. Whether it's trauma, sexuality, relationships, or personal angst, Stefanie uses a variety of therapeutic approaches, depending on client interest and need. She will meet the client where they are at and provides a safe space to explore themes that cause distress or dysfunction. Therapy can be difficult and at first, can feel embarrassing. Stefanie's specialty is assisting people with facing the challenges that prevent them from living life to the fullest in a warm and accepting environment.
Stefanie Hofman MA, LMFT is a seasoned professional therapist specializing in matters that sometimes make others uncomfortable. Whether it's trauma, sexuality, relationships, or personal angst, Stefanie uses a variety of therapeutic approaches, depending on client interest and need. She will meet the client where they are at and provides a safe space to explore themes that cause distress or dysfunction. Therapy can be difficult and at first, can feel embarrassing. Stefanie's specialty is assisting people with facing the challenges that prevent them from living life to the fullest in a warm and accepting environment.
(651) 615-8314 View (651) 615-8314
Photo of Josette Wynne, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Golden Valley, MN
Josette Wynne
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
Golden Valley, MN 55422  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Through connections we learn about ourselves, others and our world. Sometimes, safe connections and acceptance have been missing in our lives due to neurodivergence, social rejection, abuse or neglect. We may walk through life feeling like outsiders struggling to understand the world and ourselves. In therapy, I work to provide a safe, nurturing place where you can take off your mask and find self compassion, acceptance and healing. I offer trauma informed relational therapy with collaborative, nonjudgmental support to explore your strengths and manage life's challenges. I use humor, empathy and evidence-based therapy models.
Through connections we learn about ourselves, others and our world. Sometimes, safe connections and acceptance have been missing in our lives due to neurodivergence, social rejection, abuse or neglect. We may walk through life feeling like outsiders struggling to understand the world and ourselves. In therapy, I work to provide a safe, nurturing place where you can take off your mask and find self compassion, acceptance and healing. I offer trauma informed relational therapy with collaborative, nonjudgmental support to explore your strengths and manage life's challenges. I use humor, empathy and evidence-based therapy models.
(612) 324-4809 x165 View (612) 324-4809 x165
Photo of Andrew Steck, Licensed Professional Counselor in Golden Valley, MN
Andrew Steck
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Golden Valley, MN 55422
Are you looking for a Christian Therapist? Do you want your relationship with God to be a major part of your healing process? For clients that want their faith integrated into therapy, I am thrilled to use your relationship with God as a tool and resource in healing. I specialize in Christian integration as well as trauma, depression, relationship issues, and anxiety.
Are you looking for a Christian Therapist? Do you want your relationship with God to be a major part of your healing process? For clients that want their faith integrated into therapy, I am thrilled to use your relationship with God as a tool and resource in healing. I specialize in Christian integration as well as trauma, depression, relationship issues, and anxiety.
(612) 509-5104 View (612) 509-5104
Photo of Rebecca Gerbig, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Golden Valley, MN
Rebecca Gerbig
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LICSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Golden Valley, MN 55422
I believe it requires a great deal of courage to seek change through therapy, and am honored to be a part of this journey with my clients. I evaluate each client and their specific situation from a holistic perspective, and consider my approach to therapy to be patient-centered, trauma-informed, and relationally-oriented. I have particular interest in treating those with eating disorders, eating behavior challenges, and/or concerns related to trauma/complex trauma.
I believe it requires a great deal of courage to seek change through therapy, and am honored to be a part of this journey with my clients. I evaluate each client and their specific situation from a holistic perspective, and consider my approach to therapy to be patient-centered, trauma-informed, and relationally-oriented. I have particular interest in treating those with eating disorders, eating behavior challenges, and/or concerns related to trauma/complex trauma.
(763) 402-8501 x6 View (763) 402-8501 x6
Photo of Elizabeth Freund, Marriage & Family Therapist in Golden Valley, MN
Elizabeth Freund
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Golden Valley, MN 55426
My work involves providing therapeutic support for people struggling with Autism, Level 1, as well as their partners and parents. I am a Certified Autism Spectrum Disorder Clinical Specialist. I am also happy to work with individuals that are experiencing trauma, bereavement, and spiritual questioning/transition.
My work involves providing therapeutic support for people struggling with Autism, Level 1, as well as their partners and parents. I am a Certified Autism Spectrum Disorder Clinical Specialist. I am also happy to work with individuals that are experiencing trauma, bereavement, and spiritual questioning/transition.
(952) 314-6919 View (952) 314-6919
Photo of Carrie Crockford, Marriage & Family Therapist in Golden Valley, MN
Carrie Crockford
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Golden Valley, MN 55426
I provide therapy through a strengths-based, trauma-focused lens, and view each person as a resilient individual system capable of developing agency of their lived story and gaining mastery of their whole self. My clients include individuals and families living with challenges complicated by mental illness, emotional and behavioral disorders, trauma and family violence. My therapy services and community provider trainings are designed to provide an holistic and trauma-informed, culturally-attuned approach to understanding and healing from the abuse and trauma affecting individuals, relationships, families and systems.
I provide therapy through a strengths-based, trauma-focused lens, and view each person as a resilient individual system capable of developing agency of their lived story and gaining mastery of their whole self. My clients include individuals and families living with challenges complicated by mental illness, emotional and behavioral disorders, trauma and family violence. My therapy services and community provider trainings are designed to provide an holistic and trauma-informed, culturally-attuned approach to understanding and healing from the abuse and trauma affecting individuals, relationships, families and systems.
(612) 324-0673 View (612) 324-0673
Photo of Paivi Lee in Golden Valley, MN
Paivi Lee
PhD, LPCC
Verified Verified
Golden Valley, MN 55422
I work with individuals, youth, families, couples and professionals utilizing principles of somatic psychology. I have a Doctoral degree in clinical psychology, specializing in somatic psychology. I am certified in deep trauma work and relational somatic psychotherapy. I have helped countless clients process their trauma. I am committed in providing safe, caring and loving environment to my clients.
I work with individuals, youth, families, couples and professionals utilizing principles of somatic psychology. I have a Doctoral degree in clinical psychology, specializing in somatic psychology. I am certified in deep trauma work and relational somatic psychotherapy. I have helped countless clients process their trauma. I am committed in providing safe, caring and loving environment to my clients.
(763) 710-2497 View (763) 710-2497
Photo of Camille Weas, MA, LPCC, LADC, Counselor in Golden Valley, MN
Camille Weas, MA, LPCC, LADC
Counselor, MA, LPCC, LADC
Verified Verified
Golden Valley, MN 55426
I believe that every person has an emotional, mental, physical and spiritual life that needs to be supported and nurtured. The path to emotional healing occurs through a collaborative approach focused on enhancing personal strengths and reconnection to oneself with an increased capacity for self-acceptance and compassion. My therapeutic approach is influenced by a trauma-informed foundation utilizing the principles of NARM (Neuroaffective Relational Model), as well as skills-based therapies to improve personal effectiveness and empowerment.
I believe that every person has an emotional, mental, physical and spiritual life that needs to be supported and nurtured. The path to emotional healing occurs through a collaborative approach focused on enhancing personal strengths and reconnection to oneself with an increased capacity for self-acceptance and compassion. My therapeutic approach is influenced by a trauma-informed foundation utilizing the principles of NARM (Neuroaffective Relational Model), as well as skills-based therapies to improve personal effectiveness and empowerment.
(612) 255-5923 View (612) 255-5923
Photo of Behavioral Health Services (BHSI), Psychologist in Golden Valley, MN
Behavioral Health Services (BHSI)
Psychologist
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Golden Valley, MN 55426
We are a group of mental health clinicians committed to providing high quality and comprehensive care for adults, adolescents and children. Whether you arrange individual therapy, family therapy, couples therapy, meetings with a psychiatrist or pediatric psychiatrist to discuss medication options, or psychological testing to better understand the problem, our fully licensed and credentialed clinicians coordinate all of these services under one roof. When you visit a BHSI clinic, you can expect skilled, compassionate and collaborative care.
We are a group of mental health clinicians committed to providing high quality and comprehensive care for adults, adolescents and children. Whether you arrange individual therapy, family therapy, couples therapy, meetings with a psychiatrist or pediatric psychiatrist to discuss medication options, or psychological testing to better understand the problem, our fully licensed and credentialed clinicians coordinate all of these services under one roof. When you visit a BHSI clinic, you can expect skilled, compassionate and collaborative care.
(651) 252-4987 View (651) 252-4987

See more therapy options for Golden Valley

Cognitive Behavioral (CBT) Therapists

How does cognitive behavioral therapy work?

Cognitive behavioral therapy works by exploring how your thoughts affect your emotions and experiences. CBT helps you identify distortions in your thinking. For example, you may tend to jump to the worst case scenario catastrophizing or think in extremes (all-or-nothing thinking). A therapist can teach you how to push back against those thoughts to ultimately change your feelings and behavior for the better. They can also provide coping skills to better deal with stressors and challenges.

When do I know to seek treatment with cognitive behavioral therapy?

It’s reasonable to consider cognitive behavioral therapy if you struggle to manage difficult emotions or behaviors to such an extent that you are not getting the most out of life on a day-to-day basis. If you want a shorter term, concrete, skills-based approach, CBT is a great option. (By contrast, other types of therapy may devote more time to exploring your past and its effects.) The decision to seek CBT also depends on the condition you’re treating; CBT is an effective treatment for anxiety, depression, trauma, and many other disorders.

How can I find a cognitive behavioral therapist for someone else?

To find a cognitive behavioral therapist for someone else, you may want to begin by discussing the person’s problem, researching cognitive behavioral therapy, and assessing whether the approach is the right fit. You could then reach out to a few cognitive behavioral therapists in this directory, explain the scenario, have a consultation with those available, and determine who could be a good match.

Why is CBT such a popular form of therapy?

CBT has become a popular form of therapy because it is effective and accessible. Robust research has demonstrated that CBT is an effective treatment for many mental health conditions. And CBT can be learned in relatively few sessions, which means that many people can engage in the process, afford it, and see results quickly. It involves learning concrete skills such as disputing unhelpful thoughts; these skills can also be taught and spread widely.