Therapists in Chicago, IL

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Photo of Robert Turk, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Robert Turk
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60642
I am passionate about empowering people to flourish and find greater fulfillment amidst seasons of challenge and transition. Whether you are feeling stuck, lonely, emotionally exhausted, disconnected, anxious, or discouraged, let's work together to build healing and lasting positive change in your life. With my experience growing up internationally, I identify as an Adult Third Culture Kid and hold a special place for people with cross-cultural experiences who may be navigating culture shock, re-assimilation, plans to move, adoption, community building, bicultural relationships, separation from family, and other cultural challenges.
I am passionate about empowering people to flourish and find greater fulfillment amidst seasons of challenge and transition. Whether you are feeling stuck, lonely, emotionally exhausted, disconnected, anxious, or discouraged, let's work together to build healing and lasting positive change in your life. With my experience growing up internationally, I identify as an Adult Third Culture Kid and hold a special place for people with cross-cultural experiences who may be navigating culture shock, re-assimilation, plans to move, adoption, community building, bicultural relationships, separation from family, and other cultural challenges.
(708) 726-8816 x743 View (708) 726-8816 x743
Photo of Suzzanna Rowold, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Suzzanna Rowold
Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60639
Hello! I am an organizational psychology doctoral candidate and Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor with 20+ years behavioral health expertise & 15+ years leadership experience. I hold multiple certifications and have specific niches that encompass my love for helping others embrace life and navigate change! I am passionate about helping motivated individuals (18+) reach their self-defined successes through goal-oriented performance/executive coaching and counseling for occupational compassion fatigue, stress, burnout, & anxiety.
Hello! I am an organizational psychology doctoral candidate and Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor with 20+ years behavioral health expertise & 15+ years leadership experience. I hold multiple certifications and have specific niches that encompass my love for helping others embrace life and navigate change! I am passionate about helping motivated individuals (18+) reach their self-defined successes through goal-oriented performance/executive coaching and counseling for occupational compassion fatigue, stress, burnout, & anxiety.
(773) 985-2992 View (773) 985-2992
Photo of Hannah Bueno, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Hannah Bueno
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60618  (Online Only)
I work with individuals across the lifespan who have experienced trauma, anxiety, depression, or just need a new perspective. Utilizing a person-centered approach allows clients to share their story. I want to help provide the space for my clients to process and identify maladaptive ways of coping or thinking to help them live life to the fullest. Change can be scary, especially when dealing with mental health issues. Using a relational approach allows the client to build a relationship with me so that they can feel comfortable and be themselves.
I work with individuals across the lifespan who have experienced trauma, anxiety, depression, or just need a new perspective. Utilizing a person-centered approach allows clients to share their story. I want to help provide the space for my clients to process and identify maladaptive ways of coping or thinking to help them live life to the fullest. Change can be scary, especially when dealing with mental health issues. Using a relational approach allows the client to build a relationship with me so that they can feel comfortable and be themselves.
(773) 232-0355 View (773) 232-0355
Photo of Christina Joly, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Christina Joly
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60659  (Online Only)
New availability! As of May 2024, Wednesdays at 1p and 3:15p - virtual only. Sometimes the hardest part of therapy is making the choice to begin. If you are here, you’re ready or at least thinking about starting this journey. Welcome and bring your curiosity! You don’t need to have answers when you come to therapy. You may not even know what the exact issues are. That’s okay. We will work in collaboration to find the path forward that benefits you most. There’s no “one size fits all” therapy so we may “try on” a few different things to see what works for you!
New availability! As of May 2024, Wednesdays at 1p and 3:15p - virtual only. Sometimes the hardest part of therapy is making the choice to begin. If you are here, you’re ready or at least thinking about starting this journey. Welcome and bring your curiosity! You don’t need to have answers when you come to therapy. You may not even know what the exact issues are. That’s okay. We will work in collaboration to find the path forward that benefits you most. There’s no “one size fits all” therapy so we may “try on” a few different things to see what works for you!
(872) 241-1440 View (872) 241-1440
Photo of Lauren Valdez, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Lauren Valdez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LLMSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60657
Do you struggle to manage your emotions or anxiety? Do you want to discover your life purpose and live a more meaningful life? I am someone who can help. I specialize in helping people to cultivate emotional awareness, empower themselves to discover their life purpose, explore their trauma histories, develop greater self-compassion, and resolve anxious tendencies through healing conversations.
Do you struggle to manage your emotions or anxiety? Do you want to discover your life purpose and live a more meaningful life? I am someone who can help. I specialize in helping people to cultivate emotional awareness, empower themselves to discover their life purpose, explore their trauma histories, develop greater self-compassion, and resolve anxious tendencies through healing conversations.
(773) 673-9061 x134 View (773) 673-9061 x134
Photo of Chelsea Parkinson, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Chelsea Parkinson
Licensed Professional Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60601  (Online Only)
Chelsea Parkinson is a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor (LCPC) with over 10 years of experience in the mental health field. She specializes in working with adults experiencing a range of mental health difficulties including depression, anxiety, mood disorders, impulse control problems, severe mental illness, and adjustment concerns. Chelsea graduated with her Bachelor's degree in Psychology from Aurora University. She completed her Master's degree in Adult/General Counseling from Marquette University.
Chelsea Parkinson is a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor (LCPC) with over 10 years of experience in the mental health field. She specializes in working with adults experiencing a range of mental health difficulties including depression, anxiety, mood disorders, impulse control problems, severe mental illness, and adjustment concerns. Chelsea graduated with her Bachelor's degree in Psychology from Aurora University. She completed her Master's degree in Adult/General Counseling from Marquette University.
(872) 278-5732 View (872) 278-5732
Photo of Maria Mirza, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Maria Mirza
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60603  (Online Only)
As far as most people know you have your "life together." But deep down you feel stuck in a routine that feels overwhelming. You want to take the next step in your career or perhaps you want to ask an acquaintance out on a date but the fear of change, failure and self-doubt are holding you back. You have brilliant ideas that you want to share with others but you hesitate to act or speak because you are tormented by thoughts of "I'm not good enough." When you reach out to your friends, your colleagues, or your partner you feel unheard or misunderstood.
As far as most people know you have your "life together." But deep down you feel stuck in a routine that feels overwhelming. You want to take the next step in your career or perhaps you want to ask an acquaintance out on a date but the fear of change, failure and self-doubt are holding you back. You have brilliant ideas that you want to share with others but you hesitate to act or speak because you are tormented by thoughts of "I'm not good enough." When you reach out to your friends, your colleagues, or your partner you feel unheard or misunderstood.
(312) 634-6520 View (312) 634-6520
Photo of Malory Dahl, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Malory Dahl
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC, NCC, CSAC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60601
Whether this is your first time in therapy, or you’re looking for someone new, my goal is to help you through life’s challenges. I work with adolescents, young adults, adults, and families to help them overcome the barriers that keep them stuck in unhelpful cycles. I understand the ways in which guilt and shame can keep us paralyzed and have the necessary tools and clinical skill set to help guide you through life difficulties. I firmly believe that people have the answers within themselves, but it often takes the therapeutic alliance to help work through problems and guide the person to resolutions and self-realization.
Whether this is your first time in therapy, or you’re looking for someone new, my goal is to help you through life’s challenges. I work with adolescents, young adults, adults, and families to help them overcome the barriers that keep them stuck in unhelpful cycles. I understand the ways in which guilt and shame can keep us paralyzed and have the necessary tools and clinical skill set to help guide you through life difficulties. I firmly believe that people have the answers within themselves, but it often takes the therapeutic alliance to help work through problems and guide the person to resolutions and self-realization.
(312) 779-1072 View (312) 779-1072
Photo of Abena Ntim-Addae, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Abena Ntim-Addae
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA , NCC, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60613
Through rapport-building and a collaborative, judgment-free therapeutic relationship, I strive to create a safe and comforting space in which my clients gain insight into their lives, feel empowered, and experience reduced symptoms. I aim to exude warmth and compassion with my clients and support them as they learn about their emotions, thoughts, and behaviors, and work towards their goals. My clients have described me as patient, trustworthy and engaging.
Through rapport-building and a collaborative, judgment-free therapeutic relationship, I strive to create a safe and comforting space in which my clients gain insight into their lives, feel empowered, and experience reduced symptoms. I aim to exude warmth and compassion with my clients and support them as they learn about their emotions, thoughts, and behaviors, and work towards their goals. My clients have described me as patient, trustworthy and engaging.
(872) 278-6039 View (872) 278-6039
Photo of Cristen Brossok, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Cristen Brossok
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60642
I am a queer therapist with lived experience as a trauma survivor. I aim to build space where we can relate, explore, process, challenge, and heal in brave and thoughtful ways; a place to tend to yourself with compassion and build your capacity for handling difficult emotions. I strive for an inclusive therapy space that embodies anti-diet, anti-racist, anti-sexist, and other anti-oppressive lenses. I work well with people who are reflective and open. My approach is validating, curious, and relational.
I am a queer therapist with lived experience as a trauma survivor. I aim to build space where we can relate, explore, process, challenge, and heal in brave and thoughtful ways; a place to tend to yourself with compassion and build your capacity for handling difficult emotions. I strive for an inclusive therapy space that embodies anti-diet, anti-racist, anti-sexist, and other anti-oppressive lenses. I work well with people who are reflective and open. My approach is validating, curious, and relational.
(312) 625-1660 View (312) 625-1660
Photo of Sandra Mosqueda, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Sandra Mosqueda
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LSW, MSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60629  (Online Only)
My name is Sandra Mosqueda and I am a Latino Bi-Cultural Licensed Clinical Social Worker. I graduated from Loyola University with my BA in Education. I have a Masters in Social Work from the University of Chicago, SSA. I am fluent in Spanish. My passion is working with youth and families to provide them with the necessary tools to regain their strength and empower them to move forward. I have also worked with local schools and facilitated workshops during parent meetings. I deliver workshops on self-care, trauma, communicating with your child, and other relevant topics. I am available via Telehealth.
My name is Sandra Mosqueda and I am a Latino Bi-Cultural Licensed Clinical Social Worker. I graduated from Loyola University with my BA in Education. I have a Masters in Social Work from the University of Chicago, SSA. I am fluent in Spanish. My passion is working with youth and families to provide them with the necessary tools to regain their strength and empower them to move forward. I have also worked with local schools and facilitated workshops during parent meetings. I deliver workshops on self-care, trauma, communicating with your child, and other relevant topics. I am available via Telehealth.
(773) 250-6358 View (773) 250-6358
Photo of Alexi Gianopulos, Pre-Licensed Professional in Chicago, IL
Alexi Gianopulos
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60604
Being human is so beautiful, and can also be very difficult. Our bodies hold stories of great beauty, and also great shame. Often stories of pain, shame, and harm get minimized and not tended to. As a result, these stories are held in our bodies and can lead to addictions, anxiety, depression, loss of connection, anger, sadness, self-doubt, negative self-esteem, overwhelming emotions, and disorientation. If you can relate to this, you are not alone - I am here for you, and most importantly, there is hope!
Being human is so beautiful, and can also be very difficult. Our bodies hold stories of great beauty, and also great shame. Often stories of pain, shame, and harm get minimized and not tended to. As a result, these stories are held in our bodies and can lead to addictions, anxiety, depression, loss of connection, anger, sadness, self-doubt, negative self-esteem, overwhelming emotions, and disorientation. If you can relate to this, you are not alone - I am here for you, and most importantly, there is hope!
(630) 642-6696 View (630) 642-6696
Photo of Ashley Ofosu, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Ashley Ofosu
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60646
Mediocracy is not enough when it comes to providing care for those with mental health disorders and relationship challenges. I believe in the importance of every person having access to quality mental health care regardless of their background. I believe that everyone has the capacity to grow and be resilient with the proper support, process, and support. Helping to guide my clients through their personal life journey with confidence and courage is my ultimate goal.
Mediocracy is not enough when it comes to providing care for those with mental health disorders and relationship challenges. I believe in the importance of every person having access to quality mental health care regardless of their background. I believe that everyone has the capacity to grow and be resilient with the proper support, process, and support. Helping to guide my clients through their personal life journey with confidence and courage is my ultimate goal.
(773) 694-9762 View (773) 694-9762
Photo of Almira Maleeha Khan, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Almira Maleeha Khan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, AM, LSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60615
Everybody deserves a space to feel safe, seen, heard, and respected. Therapy is a possible place for this to happen and I would love to be a part of that journey. Together, we can work through challenging emotions, feelings, thoughts, and social hurdles that come up. My job is to hold space for you and those challenges so that they can be explored without judgement or fear and to remind you that you are not alone when the journey feels lonely. I service teens and adults that are looking to learn more about themselves, grow into their values, and recognize and cultivate the strength that is already within them.
Everybody deserves a space to feel safe, seen, heard, and respected. Therapy is a possible place for this to happen and I would love to be a part of that journey. Together, we can work through challenging emotions, feelings, thoughts, and social hurdles that come up. My job is to hold space for you and those challenges so that they can be explored without judgement or fear and to remind you that you are not alone when the journey feels lonely. I service teens and adults that are looking to learn more about themselves, grow into their values, and recognize and cultivate the strength that is already within them.
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Photo of LaShawn Etheridge, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
LaShawn Etheridge
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60605
On the outside you may have it all together. People may look at you and think your life is a fairy tale. What they do not see is the stress and anxiety that comes with everything that you do and have achieved. I am here to help you navigate the next steps and release the blocks that is holding you back from living the life you deserve.
On the outside you may have it all together. People may look at you and think your life is a fairy tale. What they do not see is the stress and anxiety that comes with everything that you do and have achieved. I am here to help you navigate the next steps and release the blocks that is holding you back from living the life you deserve.
(312) 584-5224 View (312) 584-5224
Photo of Brooke Petersen, Counselor in Chicago, IL
Brooke Petersen
Counselor, MDiv, LPC, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60613
Are you feeling lost? Confused? Facing difficulties in your relationships or in understanding yourself? I know that therapy can help. Together we will work to unearth the problems that have been causing difficulties in your relationships or ability to navigate challenges. I can help you to think through problems, discover solutions, and deepen your relationships with others and yourself. I seek to empower and understand you, knowing that you come to therapy with numerous strengths to draw on.
Are you feeling lost? Confused? Facing difficulties in your relationships or in understanding yourself? I know that therapy can help. Together we will work to unearth the problems that have been causing difficulties in your relationships or ability to navigate challenges. I can help you to think through problems, discover solutions, and deepen your relationships with others and yourself. I seek to empower and understand you, knowing that you come to therapy with numerous strengths to draw on.
(630) 557-8228 View (630) 557-8228
Photo of Matthew Amador, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Matthew Amador
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60660  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I’m a queer, Mexican-American, therapist who believes you are inherently awesome, and that sometimes our awesomeness needs to be recalibrated from time to time. Whether meeting individually, or as a part of a relationship/polycule, I value working towards opportunities for new growth and a better sense of self-awareness. I use an intersectional approach towards helping you reclaim agency in your life so that you can move forward courageously.
I’m a queer, Mexican-American, therapist who believes you are inherently awesome, and that sometimes our awesomeness needs to be recalibrated from time to time. Whether meeting individually, or as a part of a relationship/polycule, I value working towards opportunities for new growth and a better sense of self-awareness. I use an intersectional approach towards helping you reclaim agency in your life so that you can move forward courageously.
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Photo of Kelly Dohony, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Chicago, IL
Kelly Dohony
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, LICSW, MSW
Verified Verified
Chicago, IL 60616  (Online Only)
The past few years have been difficult, and children, adolescents, and young adults have especially been struggling to cope. Now more than ever, it is important that we support their mental and emotional health and assist them with building the necessary skills to cope with stressors. If you have noticed a change in your child, whether that be emotionally or behaviorally, and are looking for a therapist to work with you and your child, look no further! I am currently accepting clients ages 6 and up to assist with navigating emotional and behavioral issues that may be occurring.
The past few years have been difficult, and children, adolescents, and young adults have especially been struggling to cope. Now more than ever, it is important that we support their mental and emotional health and assist them with building the necessary skills to cope with stressors. If you have noticed a change in your child, whether that be emotionally or behaviorally, and are looking for a therapist to work with you and your child, look no further! I am currently accepting clients ages 6 and up to assist with navigating emotional and behavioral issues that may be occurring.
(224) 218-5149 View (224) 218-5149
Photo of Chelci Oliver, Licensed Professional Counselor in Chicago, IL
Chelci Oliver
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60605
NOW accepting new clients! Do you have difficulty overthinking, trouble handling anxiety, or a hard time managing your emotions? I want you to know that these are normal occurrences that every human being has experienced. If you are looking for a therapist who is honest, empathic, and nonjudgmental, then you have come to the right place. I pride myself on giving my clients the support they need to increase balance and happiness in their everyday lives.
NOW accepting new clients! Do you have difficulty overthinking, trouble handling anxiety, or a hard time managing your emotions? I want you to know that these are normal occurrences that every human being has experienced. If you are looking for a therapist who is honest, empathic, and nonjudgmental, then you have come to the right place. I pride myself on giving my clients the support they need to increase balance and happiness in their everyday lives.
(872) 267-9773 View (872) 267-9773
Photo of Melissa Harrison, Marriage & Family Therapist in Chicago, IL
Melissa Harrison
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Chicago, IL 60625  (Online Only)
To everyone around you, it looks like you've "got it together." But deep inside, you feel like an impostor. Even though your life looks great on the surface, you feel anxious, as if it could all fall apart at any moment. You'd like to be more authentic, but you worry about what would happen if other people knew the "real" you. What would happen if you really lived your TRUE self in the world? That's scary, so you put on an act. But the act is getting exhausting. Sometimes, you wonder if you've spent so much time faking it that you've lost sight of your true self altogether.
To everyone around you, it looks like you've "got it together." But deep inside, you feel like an impostor. Even though your life looks great on the surface, you feel anxious, as if it could all fall apart at any moment. You'd like to be more authentic, but you worry about what would happen if other people knew the "real" you. What would happen if you really lived your TRUE self in the world? That's scary, so you put on an act. But the act is getting exhausting. Sometimes, you wonder if you've spent so much time faking it that you've lost sight of your true self altogether.
(831) 265-3285 View (831) 265-3285

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Chicago, IL

3,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Chicago, IL who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
89% Depression
79% Relationship Issues
77% Self Esteem
71% Trauma and PTSD
67% Coping Skills
67% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

95% BlueCross and BlueShield
59% Aetna
49% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Chicago, IL see their clients

63% In Person and Online
37% Online Only

Gender breakdown

79% Female
18% Male
3% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Chicago?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.