Therapists in Northwest Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO

I offer individual, couples / premarital / marriage, family, child, and adolescent counseling. The environment is a non-judgmental, safe place of acceptance. I will walk along side and offer ways that can be helpful in managing trauma, stress, and relationships. My goal is to help you access internal resources and make adjustments that can be helpful. My focus has been working with individuals of all ages dealing with a variety of issues, including trauma. I have worked with a diverse population including individuals who are dealing with anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, self-esteem, and grief to develop a plan to bring positive changes.
I offer individual, couples / premarital / marriage, family, child, and adolescent counseling. The environment is a non-judgmental, safe place of acceptance. I will walk along side and offer ways that can be helpful in managing trauma, stress, and relationships. My goal is to help you access internal resources and make adjustments that can be helpful. My focus has been working with individuals of all ages dealing with a variety of issues, including trauma. I have worked with a diverse population including individuals who are dealing with anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, self-esteem, and grief to develop a plan to bring positive changes.

Amy Kelly Hoye
Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Northwest Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO 80919
As a dedicated mental health therapist, I bring a compassionate and client-centered approach to my practice, drawing from my extensive experience working with diverse populations, including teens and individuals grappling with eating disorders, depression, and anxiety. My commitment to fostering a safe and nonjudgmental therapeutic environment allows clients to explore their thoughts and emotions openly, empowering them to navigate challenges and achieve personal growth. With a blend of evidence-based techniques and a holistic perspective, I strive to support each individual on their unique journey towards healing and self-discover
As a dedicated mental health therapist, I bring a compassionate and client-centered approach to my practice, drawing from my extensive experience working with diverse populations, including teens and individuals grappling with eating disorders, depression, and anxiety. My commitment to fostering a safe and nonjudgmental therapeutic environment allows clients to explore their thoughts and emotions openly, empowering them to navigate challenges and achieve personal growth. With a blend of evidence-based techniques and a holistic perspective, I strive to support each individual on their unique journey towards healing and self-discover

Psychotherapy With an Edge
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Online Only
Are you anxious or depressed? Struggling with stress, grief/loss, or abuse? Experiencing relationship problems? Needing to set healthier boundaries but not sure how? In a difficult life transition? Seeking a professional, trained, knowledgeable, experienced perspective to help you gain insight or find solutions? Are you a military veteran suffering from PTSD or suicidal thinking? I provide a professional, confidential, therapeutic environment in which to explore these or other mental health concerns you might be having. I'm also a Marine Corps veteran who understands the unique challenges veterans can face.
Are you anxious or depressed? Struggling with stress, grief/loss, or abuse? Experiencing relationship problems? Needing to set healthier boundaries but not sure how? In a difficult life transition? Seeking a professional, trained, knowledgeable, experienced perspective to help you gain insight or find solutions? Are you a military veteran suffering from PTSD or suicidal thinking? I provide a professional, confidential, therapeutic environment in which to explore these or other mental health concerns you might be having. I'm also a Marine Corps veteran who understands the unique challenges veterans can face.

Dayna Webb
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Northwest Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO 80907
Life can be hard. Don't struggle alone - I'm here to help! I’ve spent 15 years as a therapist working with young children, parents, families, and those unsure of their parenting future. My specialty is supporting parents (or potential future parents) to process their own childhood and family dynamics, to help them make the best decisions they can for their families. I’m also a mom of three myself. I love working with parents before, during, and after pregnancy, as well as using dyadic therapy for parent/child to process trauma together. I work with people from all walks of life, too, so I’d love to chat about how I can support you!
Life can be hard. Don't struggle alone - I'm here to help! I’ve spent 15 years as a therapist working with young children, parents, families, and those unsure of their parenting future. My specialty is supporting parents (or potential future parents) to process their own childhood and family dynamics, to help them make the best decisions they can for their families. I’m also a mom of three myself. I love working with parents before, during, and after pregnancy, as well as using dyadic therapy for parent/child to process trauma together. I work with people from all walks of life, too, so I’d love to chat about how I can support you!

Congratulations on taking the first steps toward a happier and healthier life! It can be difficult to reach out and ask for support and I am here to help you see this as a sign of strength, not weakness. If you are feeling stuck in the past, overwhelmed with life, or working toward ridding yourself of an unhealthy habit I am here to help. I provide a safe and judgement free environment for you to finally fully express yourself, learn about who you are, and take away tangible skills to use in your daily life. I strive to create a space where you feel heard and understood, and where we can collaboratively work toward your goals.
Congratulations on taking the first steps toward a happier and healthier life! It can be difficult to reach out and ask for support and I am here to help you see this as a sign of strength, not weakness. If you are feeling stuck in the past, overwhelmed with life, or working toward ridding yourself of an unhealthy habit I am here to help. I provide a safe and judgement free environment for you to finally fully express yourself, learn about who you are, and take away tangible skills to use in your daily life. I strive to create a space where you feel heard and understood, and where we can collaboratively work toward your goals.

Bonna Machlan, Ph.D, LPC, CAS, Clinical Supervisor
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC, CAS
Verified Verified
Northwest Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO 80919
I have been working in the field of behavioral health for the past 16 years. I have a Ph.D. in Rehabilitation and extensive experience in providing therapy for adults with a variety of mental health and substance use disorders (i.e. trauma, anxiety, depression, grief/loss, anger management, marriage counseling).
I have been working in the field of behavioral health for the past 16 years. I have a Ph.D. in Rehabilitation and extensive experience in providing therapy for adults with a variety of mental health and substance use disorders (i.e. trauma, anxiety, depression, grief/loss, anger management, marriage counseling).

Perceptions
Licensed Professional Counselor, PsyD, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Northwest Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO 80904
Perception is reality. I believe my role as a therapist is to serve as a companion on your journey through Change, As a companion I offer many roles: I serve as your Compass, allowing you to set the direction, and then I help ensure we are still headed that way. I serve as your Map, identifying possible pathways and providing insight as to what might lie ahead. I serve as your Mirror, walking alongside you and letting you see what I see. Finally, I serve as your flashlight, shining light into unseen corners.
Perception is reality. I believe my role as a therapist is to serve as a companion on your journey through Change, As a companion I offer many roles: I serve as your Compass, allowing you to set the direction, and then I help ensure we are still headed that way. I serve as your Map, identifying possible pathways and providing insight as to what might lie ahead. I serve as your Mirror, walking alongside you and letting you see what I see. Finally, I serve as your flashlight, shining light into unseen corners.

Sienna Ressel
Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
Northwest Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO 80919
My passion is to ensure that no one has to navigate life's challenges alone. Life can bring a unique set of hardships for each of us, and I strive to create a safe, welcoming space where you can bring your true, authentic self. Together, we'll unpack the burdens that weigh you down so that you can live a healthier, more fulfilling life. Whether you're dealing with anxiety, depression, grief, life transitions, family issues, relationship struggles, crisis intervention, or maladaptive thinking patterns, I am here to help you address your specific needs.
My passion is to ensure that no one has to navigate life's challenges alone. Life can bring a unique set of hardships for each of us, and I strive to create a safe, welcoming space where you can bring your true, authentic self. Together, we'll unpack the burdens that weigh you down so that you can live a healthier, more fulfilling life. Whether you're dealing with anxiety, depression, grief, life transitions, family issues, relationship struggles, crisis intervention, or maladaptive thinking patterns, I am here to help you address your specific needs.

Welcome! I hope this profile helps you understand my approach to therapy a bit better. I am passionate about helping people discover their potential for growth and healing. At different times in our lives we may feel overwhelmed, stressed, or anxious and unsure of what to do next. Maybe there is a past or recent event impacting your life or you are going through a life transition. You might find yourself saying 'I don't want to feel this way anymore' or 'I just want to feel better'.
Welcome! I hope this profile helps you understand my approach to therapy a bit better. I am passionate about helping people discover their potential for growth and healing. At different times in our lives we may feel overwhelmed, stressed, or anxious and unsure of what to do next. Maybe there is a past or recent event impacting your life or you are going through a life transition. You might find yourself saying 'I don't want to feel this way anymore' or 'I just want to feel better'.

Nicole J. Dillon
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, CCTP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Northwest Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO 80919
I work with individuals struggling with low self-esteem, depression, anxiety and disordered thinking. Many of these mental health issues are rooted in past trauma. I have discovered that trauma exposure, including single episode, multiple or repetitive events nearly always have a destructive impact on people and subsequently their personal relationships. Together we will examine the ways you relate to your world, focusing on your individual concerns. We will work to uncover the source of your pain and discover how to effectively connect with yourself and build healthy relationships with the people in your life.
I work with individuals struggling with low self-esteem, depression, anxiety and disordered thinking. Many of these mental health issues are rooted in past trauma. I have discovered that trauma exposure, including single episode, multiple or repetitive events nearly always have a destructive impact on people and subsequently their personal relationships. Together we will examine the ways you relate to your world, focusing on your individual concerns. We will work to uncover the source of your pain and discover how to effectively connect with yourself and build healthy relationships with the people in your life.

Melody Reynalds is a dedicated Licensed Professional Counselor based in the Colorado Springs area, where she has made a significant impact in the field of mental health since earning her Master’s in Clinical Psychology from the University of Central Oklahoma in 2017. With a deep commitment to supporting individuals facing challenging life circumstances, Melody specializes in helping clients who are struggling with substance use dependence, as well as those dealing with depression and anxiety. Her experience extends to crisis intervention, allowing her to provide compassionate and effective care to clients in urgent need.
Melody Reynalds is a dedicated Licensed Professional Counselor based in the Colorado Springs area, where she has made a significant impact in the field of mental health since earning her Master’s in Clinical Psychology from the University of Central Oklahoma in 2017. With a deep commitment to supporting individuals facing challenging life circumstances, Melody specializes in helping clients who are struggling with substance use dependence, as well as those dealing with depression and anxiety. Her experience extends to crisis intervention, allowing her to provide compassionate and effective care to clients in urgent need.
Meet Our Therapists

Deborah Patz
Psychologist, PsyD, LAC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Northwest Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO 80919
Pain in life is inevitable, but you don’t have to continue suffering. Are you looking for improved peace of mind, greater ease in relationships and an overall sense of wellbeing? I’d love to help guide you toward making that a reality. I specialize in working with clients whose issues include complex trauma, dissociative disorders, substance misuse, depression and anxiety. In therapy, you can expect me to be honest, compassionate and straightforward.
Pain in life is inevitable, but you don’t have to continue suffering. Are you looking for improved peace of mind, greater ease in relationships and an overall sense of wellbeing? I’d love to help guide you toward making that a reality. I specialize in working with clients whose issues include complex trauma, dissociative disorders, substance misuse, depression and anxiety. In therapy, you can expect me to be honest, compassionate and straightforward.

Robert Moore
LPC
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Northwest Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO 80919
Do you ever wish you could find more joy and peace in your life? I understand that feeling because I've been there too. My name is Robert, and I'm deeply committed to helping both teens and adults like you achieve the life you dream of. My approach is personal and experiential, focusing on unlocking your hidden potential as we tackle depression, anxiety, grief, anger, and trauma together. I believe in bringing real-life experiences into our sessions to make your counseling journey as relevant and impactful as possible.
Do you ever wish you could find more joy and peace in your life? I understand that feeling because I've been there too. My name is Robert, and I'm deeply committed to helping both teens and adults like you achieve the life you dream of. My approach is personal and experiential, focusing on unlocking your hidden potential as we tackle depression, anxiety, grief, anger, and trauma together. I believe in bringing real-life experiences into our sessions to make your counseling journey as relevant and impactful as possible.

Tahnee Roberts
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPC-S, NCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Northwest Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO 80919
Waitlist for new clients
Morning Availability - I have a deep passion for supporting those navigating the weight of anxiety, depression, trauma, and life’s toughest moments. Life can feel overwhelming, leaving you stuck, disconnected, or unsure of where you belong. These experiences can lead to intense emotions and strained relationships. My goal is to walk beside you on this journey, helping you regain your footing, build stronger connections, and rediscover a sense of purpose.
Morning Availability - I have a deep passion for supporting those navigating the weight of anxiety, depression, trauma, and life’s toughest moments. Life can feel overwhelming, leaving you stuck, disconnected, or unsure of where you belong. These experiences can lead to intense emotions and strained relationships. My goal is to walk beside you on this journey, helping you regain your footing, build stronger connections, and rediscover a sense of purpose.

Have you had adverse experiences in childhood or as an adult? Maybe you struggle to manage stress, or have difficulty with nightmares or sleep. Are you anxious, depressed, or fearful? Trauma takes on many forms: abuse, neglect, abandonment, divorce, assault, wartime experiences, accidents, or natural disasters, to name a few. I offer compassionate treatment for people who need assistance in overcoming the effects of disturbing events. I help clients improve their quality of life by developing coping skills, processing their thoughts, feelings and experiences, and empowering them to set healthy boundaries.
Have you had adverse experiences in childhood or as an adult? Maybe you struggle to manage stress, or have difficulty with nightmares or sleep. Are you anxious, depressed, or fearful? Trauma takes on many forms: abuse, neglect, abandonment, divorce, assault, wartime experiences, accidents, or natural disasters, to name a few. I offer compassionate treatment for people who need assistance in overcoming the effects of disturbing events. I help clients improve their quality of life by developing coping skills, processing their thoughts, feelings and experiences, and empowering them to set healthy boundaries.

Dr. Diane Chew
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Northwest Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO 80919
Hi, if you are someone who feels stuck, overwhelmed, or controlled by your own emotions or behavioral reactions, or perhaps trapped within the confines of meaning you've internalized about yourself, others and this world, I want to help you. I am a clinical psychologist who loves working with people from all walks of life. I embrace diversity and welcome anyone, regardless of race, spirituality or sexual/gender identity. I hope to create a genuine therapeutic relationship within which we can begin the process of deep healing where all parts of you (no matter how hidden) feel welcome and free to have a voice, exist & be witnessed.
Hi, if you are someone who feels stuck, overwhelmed, or controlled by your own emotions or behavioral reactions, or perhaps trapped within the confines of meaning you've internalized about yourself, others and this world, I want to help you. I am a clinical psychologist who loves working with people from all walks of life. I embrace diversity and welcome anyone, regardless of race, spirituality or sexual/gender identity. I hope to create a genuine therapeutic relationship within which we can begin the process of deep healing where all parts of you (no matter how hidden) feel welcome and free to have a voice, exist & be witnessed.

Jessica Stevens
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LAC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Northwest Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO 80919
YOU ARE WORTH IT! There is hope. I am passionate about assisting couples/families and individuals with finding peace and working towards positive change. I am an integrative psychotherapist, working from a compassionate, strength-based perspective. The foundation of effective therapy is a strong, connected therapeutic relationship. I believe it is my role as a therapist to approach this alliance with warmth and open-mindedness to help provide you with a safe, nonjudgemental space.
YOU ARE WORTH IT! There is hope. I am passionate about assisting couples/families and individuals with finding peace and working towards positive change. I am an integrative psychotherapist, working from a compassionate, strength-based perspective. The foundation of effective therapy is a strong, connected therapeutic relationship. I believe it is my role as a therapist to approach this alliance with warmth and open-mindedness to help provide you with a safe, nonjudgemental space.

ADHD Solutions of Colorado
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Online Only
Does it feel like you're always running late, forgetting about deadlines and appointments, or can't seem to get going on your to-do list? If procrastination, time management, and sustaining focus are daily challenges, maybe you have been wondering whether you might have ADHD. Or perhaps you've had an ADHD diagnosis for years but haven't found the right therapist who understands you and your needs. I will meet you wherever you are at on your ADHD journey! I am passionate about helping my clients find answers to their questions, navigate the unique challenges related to ADHD, and receive the tools and support to thrive with ADHD.
Does it feel like you're always running late, forgetting about deadlines and appointments, or can't seem to get going on your to-do list? If procrastination, time management, and sustaining focus are daily challenges, maybe you have been wondering whether you might have ADHD. Or perhaps you've had an ADHD diagnosis for years but haven't found the right therapist who understands you and your needs. I will meet you wherever you are at on your ADHD journey! I am passionate about helping my clients find answers to their questions, navigate the unique challenges related to ADHD, and receive the tools and support to thrive with ADHD.

Mind Reneural
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Northwest Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO 80919
Are you feeling defeated by self-doubt? Anxious and over-burdened by the worries of tomorrow? Depressed because you just can't seem to make any long-lasting changes in your life? These symptoms may just be the "tip of the iceberg" and may be indicative of long-held belief systems that are manifesting after years of cultivation. Don't be discouraged. You're not alone. The human experience is riddled with challenges that can leave us feeling hopeless. We are not meant to do life alone and chances are you already know that because that's why you're here. Let's get started!
Are you feeling defeated by self-doubt? Anxious and over-burdened by the worries of tomorrow? Depressed because you just can't seem to make any long-lasting changes in your life? These symptoms may just be the "tip of the iceberg" and may be indicative of long-held belief systems that are manifesting after years of cultivation. Don't be discouraged. You're not alone. The human experience is riddled with challenges that can leave us feeling hopeless. We are not meant to do life alone and chances are you already know that because that's why you're here. Let's get started!

I am an enthusiastic, patient, and dedicated therapist. I work with clients from all backgrounds and cultures. I have many skills applicable to typical human challenges like anxiety, depression, and grief. My deeper work involves supporting clients struggling with trauma, identity, relationships, and neurodivergence. Are you struggling with self-esteem? Purpose? Painful memories? Maybe you don't feel like yourself. Maybe there's someone in your life who's treating you like crap and you're ready to make a change. Perhaps you feel like you keep making the same mistakes. I've been there. I see you.
I am an enthusiastic, patient, and dedicated therapist. I work with clients from all backgrounds and cultures. I have many skills applicable to typical human challenges like anxiety, depression, and grief. My deeper work involves supporting clients struggling with trauma, identity, relationships, and neurodivergence. Are you struggling with self-esteem? Purpose? Painful memories? Maybe you don't feel like yourself. Maybe there's someone in your life who's treating you like crap and you're ready to make a change. Perhaps you feel like you keep making the same mistakes. I've been there. I see you.
See more therapy options for Northwest Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs
Nearby Searches for Northwest Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs
- Briargate
- Central Colorado City
- East Colorado Springs
- Northeast Colorado Springs
- Northgate
- Powers
- Southeast Colorado Springs
- Southwest Colorado Springs
- West Colorado Springs
How does your Therapist compare?
Number of Therapists in Northwest Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO
100+
Average cost per session
$125
Therapists in Northwest Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO who prioritize treating:
93% | Anxiety |
88% | Depression |
86% | Trauma and PTSD |
77% | Self Esteem |
71% | Relationship Issues |
70% | Grief |
70% | Coping Skills |
Average years in practice
11 Years
Top 3 insurances accepted
84% | Aetna |
80% | UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH |
73% | Cigna and Evernorth |
How Therapists in Northwest Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO see their clients
78% | In Person and Online | |
22% | Online Only |
Gender breakdown
79% | Female | |
20% | Male | |
1% | Non-Binary |
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling
How can I find a therapist in Northwest Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs?
Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.
Learn more about how to find a therapist
Learn more about how to find a therapist
Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?
The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.
Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.
Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.
What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?
Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.
Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.
Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.
What type of therapy is right for me?
The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.
How much does therapy cost?
The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.
What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?
Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.
Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?
Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.
Is online therapy a good option?
Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.
Are therapy sessions confidential?
Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.