Therapists in Colorado Springs, CO

View neighborhoods in Colorado Springs
Photo of Jannette Gonzalez, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Jannette Gonzalez
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Colorado Springs, CO 80910
You've tried help before but not sure what was missing. You struggle but don't always know why and that makes you feel more isolated and alone. You feel like something needs to give without you breaking in the process.
You've tried help before but not sure what was missing. You struggle but don't always know why and that makes you feel more isolated and alone. You feel like something needs to give without you breaking in the process.
(719) 631-3532 View (719) 631-3532
Photo of Heather Yates, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Heather Yates
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Colorado Springs, CO 80906
Are you ready to for a change in your relationships? In how you handle your emotions? In how you think about yourself? If you have come to the realization that the thought patterns and habits you've developed up to this point haven't worked out so well for you, then you are in the ideal position for meaningful and effective therapy. You want to end the nightmare of the cycle of pain. It really doesn't matter what the underlying issues might be, when your goal is to change, and you are willing to do the hard work of transforming the way you think to alter how you respond, then you are ready to make an appointment with me.
Are you ready to for a change in your relationships? In how you handle your emotions? In how you think about yourself? If you have come to the realization that the thought patterns and habits you've developed up to this point haven't worked out so well for you, then you are in the ideal position for meaningful and effective therapy. You want to end the nightmare of the cycle of pain. It really doesn't matter what the underlying issues might be, when your goal is to change, and you are willing to do the hard work of transforming the way you think to alter how you respond, then you are ready to make an appointment with me.
(719) 745-5203 View (719) 745-5203
Photo of Dr. Diane Chew, Psychologist, PsyD
Dr. Diane Chew
Psychologist, PsyD
1 Endorsed
Colorado Springs, CO 80919
Waitlist for new clients
Hi, if you are someone who feels stuck, overwhelmed, or controlled by your own emotions & reactions, or perhaps trapped within the confines of meaning you've internalized about yourself, relationships & this world, I want to help you. I am a psychologist with >20 yrs experience who loves working with people from all walks of life. I embrace diversity & welcome anyone, regardless of race, spirituality or sexual/gender identity. I hope to create a genuine therapeutic relationship within which we can begin the process of deep healing where all parts of you (no matter how hidden) feel welcome & free to have a voice, exist & be witnessed
Hi, if you are someone who feels stuck, overwhelmed, or controlled by your own emotions & reactions, or perhaps trapped within the confines of meaning you've internalized about yourself, relationships & this world, I want to help you. I am a psychologist with >20 yrs experience who loves working with people from all walks of life. I embrace diversity & welcome anyone, regardless of race, spirituality or sexual/gender identity. I hope to create a genuine therapeutic relationship within which we can begin the process of deep healing where all parts of you (no matter how hidden) feel welcome & free to have a voice, exist & be witnessed
(719) 225-4098 View (719) 225-4098
Photo of Eboni Davis - Eboni Davis-Licensed Therapist & Life Coach, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Eboni Davis-Licensed Therapist & Life Coach
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
1 Endorsed
Colorado Springs, CO 80903
We all have a journey and a purpose for our life. As a Mental Health Therapist and Life Coach, I work with individuals, adolescents, families, and couples (age 13+) that are seeking additional support and guidance as they continue on their journey. I have experience in working with trauma, domestic violence, sexual assault, anxiety, depression, and clients who just want to feel "unstuck."
We all have a journey and a purpose for our life. As a Mental Health Therapist and Life Coach, I work with individuals, adolescents, families, and couples (age 13+) that are seeking additional support and guidance as they continue on their journey. I have experience in working with trauma, domestic violence, sexual assault, anxiety, depression, and clients who just want to feel "unstuck."
(719) 581-4943 View (719) 581-4943
Photo of Jose Ruben Castaneda, Licensed Professional Counselor Candidate, MA, LPCC, EMDR-t
Jose Ruben Castaneda
Licensed Professional Counselor Candidate, MA, LPCC, EMDR-t
3 Endorsed
Colorado Springs, CO 80903
Jose is eager to work with diverse populations to gain valuable experience and make the most of his learning opportunities as he works towards obtaining his license. He believes in the collaborative nature of the therapeutic relationship, where clients actively participate in their growth and healing processes. In his therapeutic practice, Jose prioritizes creating a safe, non-judgmental space where clients feel heard and understood. Sesiones disponibles en Español.
Jose is eager to work with diverse populations to gain valuable experience and make the most of his learning opportunities as he works towards obtaining his license. He believes in the collaborative nature of the therapeutic relationship, where clients actively participate in their growth and healing processes. In his therapeutic practice, Jose prioritizes creating a safe, non-judgmental space where clients feel heard and understood. Sesiones disponibles en Español.
(719) 625-8041 View (719) 625-8041
Photo of Amanda Rohrs Montes, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Amanda Rohrs Montes
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Online Only
Many people seek therapy at a time of change or transition, when dealing with increased stress, loss, or for reasons they may not quite have a name for just yet. In today's world, a typical day might bring on any combination of these concerns and I strongly believe in the value of therapy in navigating day to day life. Whatever brings you here, it is valid and I look forward to learning more about your experience. My approach to therapy is to offer a safe space to share, to process, to get feedback, to set goals, to offer healing, and increase skills to navigate our daily experience most effectively.
Many people seek therapy at a time of change or transition, when dealing with increased stress, loss, or for reasons they may not quite have a name for just yet. In today's world, a typical day might bring on any combination of these concerns and I strongly believe in the value of therapy in navigating day to day life. Whatever brings you here, it is valid and I look forward to learning more about your experience. My approach to therapy is to offer a safe space to share, to process, to get feedback, to set goals, to offer healing, and increase skills to navigate our daily experience most effectively.
(719) 416-4178 View (719) 416-4178
Photo of Emma Thomas, Licensed Professional Counselor
Emma Thomas
Licensed Professional Counselor
Online Only
It takes courage to pursue counseling and I’m glad you’ve started this search. I believe that deep genuine connection is one of the biggest predictors of success and happiness. My goal is to help you better connect to yourself and others as you continue your journey of healing. I use an eclectic approach including CBT and EMDR. I hope to empower you to start challenging unhealthy behaviors and thought patterns, and feeling much more grounded and connected to your whole self.
It takes courage to pursue counseling and I’m glad you’ve started this search. I believe that deep genuine connection is one of the biggest predictors of success and happiness. My goal is to help you better connect to yourself and others as you continue your journey of healing. I use an eclectic approach including CBT and EMDR. I hope to empower you to start challenging unhealthy behaviors and thought patterns, and feeling much more grounded and connected to your whole self.
(303) 835-9519 View (303) 835-9519
Photo of Lindsay Wallace Dougherty, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, BCIAC, NCC, LLC
Lindsay Wallace Dougherty
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, BCIAC, NCC, LLC
Colorado Springs, CO 80907
I have enjoyed working in Colorado Springs as a therapist for the past 30+ years with both individuals and group counseling. We all experience emotional pain, physical pain or a combination of the two at different times in our lives. I use Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to establish a collaborative effort with my clients to modify beliefs, assumptions and behaviors with the goal of solving emotional and behavioral problems. This approach is helpful for children, adolescents and adults. It is used to treat (but not limited to) depression, anxiety, stress related disorders and symptoms related to trauma.
I have enjoyed working in Colorado Springs as a therapist for the past 30+ years with both individuals and group counseling. We all experience emotional pain, physical pain or a combination of the two at different times in our lives. I use Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to establish a collaborative effort with my clients to modify beliefs, assumptions and behaviors with the goal of solving emotional and behavioral problems. This approach is helpful for children, adolescents and adults. It is used to treat (but not limited to) depression, anxiety, stress related disorders and symptoms related to trauma.
(719) 577-4200 View (719) 577-4200
Photo of Aaron Henes, Licensed Professional Counselor Candidate, LPCC, MA, MDiv
Aaron Henes
Licensed Professional Counselor Candidate, LPCC, MA, MDiv
1 Endorsed
Colorado Springs, CO 80903
Waitlist for new clients
Four hours of sleep, 20 minutes late to work, and five espresso shots later…you’re day has started. And it’s come with a ton of anxiety and negative thoughts. The “fun” part? It doesn’t stop there - it bleeds into your day and evening - more tense moments with the kids, drinks to cope, and struggling to just BE. And sure, if this kind of day only happened here and there, that would be doable. But when it feels like this has been your usual for way too long…it sucks. And all you want…is some relief. Just to rest, to feel settled and at ease in your own body…your own life. And you can absolutely have this.
Four hours of sleep, 20 minutes late to work, and five espresso shots later…you’re day has started. And it’s come with a ton of anxiety and negative thoughts. The “fun” part? It doesn’t stop there - it bleeds into your day and evening - more tense moments with the kids, drinks to cope, and struggling to just BE. And sure, if this kind of day only happened here and there, that would be doable. But when it feels like this has been your usual for way too long…it sucks. And all you want…is some relief. Just to rest, to feel settled and at ease in your own body…your own life. And you can absolutely have this.
(719) 988-3097 View (719) 988-3097
Photo of Rose Hartwell, Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Rose Hartwell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Online Only
I am a tele-health counselor and supervisor in Colorado for individuals and couples 17+. I am open currently to both new clients and new/existing social workers needing supervision. I provide therapy for high-achieving adults struggling with anxiety, burnout, perfectionism, self-criticism, and relationship challenges. I also work with couples and individuals -including the LGBTQIA+ community, kink-friendly, and poly/non-traditional couples, men and women- navigating relationship hurdles such as communication difficulties, life transitions, and challenging dynamics to create healthier and stronger bonds.
I am a tele-health counselor and supervisor in Colorado for individuals and couples 17+. I am open currently to both new clients and new/existing social workers needing supervision. I provide therapy for high-achieving adults struggling with anxiety, burnout, perfectionism, self-criticism, and relationship challenges. I also work with couples and individuals -including the LGBTQIA+ community, kink-friendly, and poly/non-traditional couples, men and women- navigating relationship hurdles such as communication difficulties, life transitions, and challenging dynamics to create healthier and stronger bonds.
(719) 372-5088 View (719) 372-5088
Photo of Carlee Bradley, Licensed Professional Counselor Candidate, LPCC, LMHCA
Carlee Bradley
Licensed Professional Counselor Candidate, LPCC, LMHCA
3 Endorsed
Online Only
Waitlist for new clients
Welcome! As a counselor, I center my work around non-judgemental, affirming, and collaborative care for marginalized and underserved communities. I have clinical experience supporting clients ages 10-65, with an emphasis on the unique developmental needs of adolescents and young adults. Whether you're exploring your identity, living with trauma, struggling with sensory sensitivity or executive function, wrestling anxiety, depression, or intrusive thoughts, or you just need someone who gets it, I'm here for you.
Welcome! As a counselor, I center my work around non-judgemental, affirming, and collaborative care for marginalized and underserved communities. I have clinical experience supporting clients ages 10-65, with an emphasis on the unique developmental needs of adolescents and young adults. Whether you're exploring your identity, living with trauma, struggling with sensory sensitivity or executive function, wrestling anxiety, depression, or intrusive thoughts, or you just need someone who gets it, I'm here for you.
(719) 982-8229 View (719) 982-8229
Photo of Mita M Johnson, Licensed Professional Counselor, EdD, LPC, LMFT, LAC, CATP
Mita M Johnson
Licensed Professional Counselor, EdD, LPC, LMFT, LAC, CATP
2 Endorsed
Online Only
Do you feel pain? Emotional and psychological pain are as damaging to a person as physical pain. And, avoiding pain through unhealthy distractions never works. The roller coaster ride associated with trauma can be very overwhelming – leading to feelings of pain. Drugs and behavioral addictions, risky behaviors, and unhealthy thinking only act as a temporary Band-Aid – they are not the solution to the difficulties and pain you are facing.
Do you feel pain? Emotional and psychological pain are as damaging to a person as physical pain. And, avoiding pain through unhealthy distractions never works. The roller coaster ride associated with trauma can be very overwhelming – leading to feelings of pain. Drugs and behavioral addictions, risky behaviors, and unhealthy thinking only act as a temporary Band-Aid – they are not the solution to the difficulties and pain you are facing.
(719) 631-1994 View (719) 631-1994
Photo of Nicole Peak, Psychologist, PhD
Nicole Peak
Psychologist, PhD
Colorado Springs, CO 80920
Don’t Just Feel Better, Get Better---It’s time to make a change and start living instead of surviving. When you are suffering, you may feel like you aren’t living a life worth living. You may feel overwhelmed and think there is nothing you can do to get better and stay better. Have you tried a number of treatments with little to no results? But, here you are, still looking for solutions.
Don’t Just Feel Better, Get Better---It’s time to make a change and start living instead of surviving. When you are suffering, you may feel like you aren’t living a life worth living. You may feel overwhelmed and think there is nothing you can do to get better and stay better. Have you tried a number of treatments with little to no results? But, here you are, still looking for solutions.
(719) 496-4698 View (719) 496-4698
Photo of Gregory Scott Carter, Licensed Professional Counselor, MA , LPC, NCC
Gregory Scott Carter
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA , LPC, NCC
Colorado Springs, CO 80918
Life can be challenging, and even resilient individuals encounter seasons when circumstances feel overwhelming. Having someone walk alongside you during those difficult moments can make all the difference. My name is Greg Carter, and I hold a Master of Arts in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Colorado Christian University and am a Licensed Professional Counselor based in Colorado Springs. I work with individuals, couples, and families navigating a wide range of concerns, including trauma—such as physical, emotional, and sexual abuse—domestic violence, neglect, major life transitions, and general dissatisfaction in life.
Life can be challenging, and even resilient individuals encounter seasons when circumstances feel overwhelming. Having someone walk alongside you during those difficult moments can make all the difference. My name is Greg Carter, and I hold a Master of Arts in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from Colorado Christian University and am a Licensed Professional Counselor based in Colorado Springs. I work with individuals, couples, and families navigating a wide range of concerns, including trauma—such as physical, emotional, and sexual abuse—domestic violence, neglect, major life transitions, and general dissatisfaction in life.
(719) 752-8147 View (719) 752-8147
Photo of Karen Lynn Jensen - Karen Jensen Counseling, LLC, Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPCC
Karen Jensen Counseling, LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, LPCC
Colorado Springs, CO 80918
'We do what we want' is a primary premise in the approach Karen takes to counseling, and a clear reflection and understanding of what that means to each client, is where she will begin. Karen's counseling style is based in Reality Therapy; our choices are powerful. She will help her clients to take stock of where he or she is, where they truly desire to be, and help search her client's soul to determine what he or she is willing to do to achieve success as they define it.
'We do what we want' is a primary premise in the approach Karen takes to counseling, and a clear reflection and understanding of what that means to each client, is where she will begin. Karen's counseling style is based in Reality Therapy; our choices are powerful. She will help her clients to take stock of where he or she is, where they truly desire to be, and help search her client's soul to determine what he or she is willing to do to achieve success as they define it.
(253) 906-3454 View (253) 906-3454
Photo of Kierra A Nash, Licensed Social Worker, LSW
Kierra A Nash
Licensed Social Worker, LSW
1 Endorsed
Colorado Springs, CO 80920
I am a Licensed Social Worker located in Colorado Springs, CO who works with clients ages 5 and up. I am passionate about creating a safe space for each client that I work with, intentionally creating an environment for clients to be supported, seen, and individually met where they are. Clients describe me as patient, open minded, non-judgmental, and empathetic. I have experience working in schools, residential treatment facilities, QRTP, foster homes, and counseling centers. I specialize in depression, anxiety, stress, life skills, ADHD, Borderline Personality Disorder, and Reactive Attachment Disorder.
I am a Licensed Social Worker located in Colorado Springs, CO who works with clients ages 5 and up. I am passionate about creating a safe space for each client that I work with, intentionally creating an environment for clients to be supported, seen, and individually met where they are. Clients describe me as patient, open minded, non-judgmental, and empathetic. I have experience working in schools, residential treatment facilities, QRTP, foster homes, and counseling centers. I specialize in depression, anxiety, stress, life skills, ADHD, Borderline Personality Disorder, and Reactive Attachment Disorder.
(719) 674-7970 View (719) 674-7970
Photo of Mikayla Miller, Licensed Professional Counselor Candidate, LPCC, MA, BA
Mikayla Miller
Licensed Professional Counselor Candidate, LPCC, MA, BA
Online Only
Do you ever feel like something is wrong with you—or like you’ve been told that for so long it’s hard not to believe it? Maybe you’ve been called “too much,” too sensitive, or not enough. That can feel incredibly isolating. I work with individuals navigating identity, life transitions, anxiety, depression, trauma, and grief. Together, we’ll explore your patterns, experiences, and core beliefs to help you better understand yourself and reconnect with who you are. You don’t have to have it all figured out. You get to show up as you are—we’ll move at your pace, together.
Do you ever feel like something is wrong with you—or like you’ve been told that for so long it’s hard not to believe it? Maybe you’ve been called “too much,” too sensitive, or not enough. That can feel incredibly isolating. I work with individuals navigating identity, life transitions, anxiety, depression, trauma, and grief. Together, we’ll explore your patterns, experiences, and core beliefs to help you better understand yourself and reconnect with who you are. You don’t have to have it all figured out. You get to show up as you are—we’ll move at your pace, together.
(720) 697-2061 View (720) 697-2061
Photo of Crystal L King, Licensed Professional Counselor Candidate, MA, LPCC, NCC
Crystal L King
Licensed Professional Counselor Candidate, MA, LPCC, NCC
3 Endorsed
Colorado Springs, CO 80922
Adults, children, couples, pre-marital, relationships, grief, abuse/trauma, anxiety, depression, attachment trauma, spiritual formation.
Adults, children, couples, pre-marital, relationships, grief, abuse/trauma, anxiety, depression, attachment trauma, spiritual formation.
(719) 781-8820 View (719) 781-8820
Photo of Lisa Miller, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LAC
Lisa Miller
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LAC
Colorado Springs, CO 80903
I work with adults and older teens navigating addiction, depression, anxiety and other co-occurring mental health concerns. I also support veterans, first responders, and those impacted by a loved one's substance use. My goal is to provide a supportive, collaborative space where clients can gain insight, build practical skills, and create meaningful, lasting change.
I work with adults and older teens navigating addiction, depression, anxiety and other co-occurring mental health concerns. I also support veterans, first responders, and those impacted by a loved one's substance use. My goal is to provide a supportive, collaborative space where clients can gain insight, build practical skills, and create meaningful, lasting change.
View
Photo of Nancy Pitre-Jasko, Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC, CGCS, CTMH, CCATP
Nancy Pitre-Jasko
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, NCC, CGCS, CTMH, CCATP
Online Only
The phrase, “If you change the way you look at things, the things you look at change,” has continually informed my work as a therapist. My clinical experience includes working with individuals impacted by depression, anxiety, relationship distress, trauma, grief and life transitions. I work with adults and couples using Cognitive Behavior Therapy, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Positive Psychology and Solution-Focused Therapy approaches. I strive to offer you a framework of non-judgmental support and accountability that will empower you to reach your goals for lasting change and release what you don't want in your life.
The phrase, “If you change the way you look at things, the things you look at change,” has continually informed my work as a therapist. My clinical experience includes working with individuals impacted by depression, anxiety, relationship distress, trauma, grief and life transitions. I work with adults and couples using Cognitive Behavior Therapy, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, Positive Psychology and Solution-Focused Therapy approaches. I strive to offer you a framework of non-judgmental support and accountability that will empower you to reach your goals for lasting change and release what you don't want in your life.
(719) 356-3040 View (719) 356-3040

See more therapy options for Colorado Springs

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Colorado Springs, CO

2,000+

Average cost per session

$130

Therapists in Colorado Springs, CO who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
91% Social Anxiety
91% Health Anxiety
91% Driving Anxiety
85% Depression
76% Trauma and PTSD
76% Complex PTSD

Average years in practice

9 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

89% Aetna
81% Cigna and Evernorth
77% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Colorado Springs, CO see their clients

64% In Person and Online
36% Online Only

Gender breakdown

77% Female
21% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Colorado Springs?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.