Therapists in Memphis, TN

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Photo of Tariq J Pettis-Smith, Pre-Licensed Professional in Memphis, TN
Tariq J Pettis-Smith
Pre-Licensed Professional, MACCP, PLC
Verified Verified
Memphis, TN 38115
I am open to counseling all clients. However, I specialize in counseling people with impulse control, behavioral issues, psychotic disorders, depression, anxiety, systemic family issues, and challenges regulating self-esteem and self image.
I am open to counseling all clients. However, I specialize in counseling people with impulse control, behavioral issues, psychotic disorders, depression, anxiety, systemic family issues, and challenges regulating self-esteem and self image.
(901) 329-3824 View (901) 329-3824
Photo of Rebecca Price, Pre-Licensed Professional in Memphis, TN
Rebecca Price
Pre-Licensed Professional, LPC, MHSP, (temp), NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Memphis, TN 38119
Progress is made in the struggle; if we’re not struggling, we’re stagnant. People are inherently resilient and resourceful, but sometimes we bump up against something that leaves us feeling stuck or disconnected. If you have found yourself reading this, perhaps you’re tired of feeling “stagnant” or you feel ready to wrestle with the issues bringing you to therapy. I am dedicated to assisting my clients in navigating trauma, family of origin issues, eating disorders, body image concerns, and depression and anxiety. I also enjoy working with first responders and their families, and neurodivergent individuals!
Progress is made in the struggle; if we’re not struggling, we’re stagnant. People are inherently resilient and resourceful, but sometimes we bump up against something that leaves us feeling stuck or disconnected. If you have found yourself reading this, perhaps you’re tired of feeling “stagnant” or you feel ready to wrestle with the issues bringing you to therapy. I am dedicated to assisting my clients in navigating trauma, family of origin issues, eating disorders, body image concerns, and depression and anxiety. I also enjoy working with first responders and their families, and neurodivergent individuals!
(901) 668-6696 View (901) 668-6696
Photo of Patricia Maynard, Licensed Professional Counselor in Memphis, TN
Patricia Maynard
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-, MHSP
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Memphis, TN 38117
If you're navigating relationship challenges, you're not alone. Together, we can find a way forward. You deserve support and understanding as we work collaboratively to discover new strengths and perspectives. If you're feeling a bit lost, know that it's okay. You can learn powerful techniques to manage stress and find balance. Embarking on a therapeutic journey is a powerful step towards growth and healing. Together, we can transform your experiences with difficult relationships, anxiety, or depression, opening doors to a brighter future. This is your dedicated time to focus on you – your relationships, your family, yourself.
If you're navigating relationship challenges, you're not alone. Together, we can find a way forward. You deserve support and understanding as we work collaboratively to discover new strengths and perspectives. If you're feeling a bit lost, know that it's okay. You can learn powerful techniques to manage stress and find balance. Embarking on a therapeutic journey is a powerful step towards growth and healing. Together, we can transform your experiences with difficult relationships, anxiety, or depression, opening doors to a brighter future. This is your dedicated time to focus on you – your relationships, your family, yourself.
(901) 390-5991 View (901) 390-5991
Photo of Jill Budynas DePriest, Licensed Professional Counselor in Memphis, TN
Jill Budynas DePriest
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MHSP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Memphis, TN 38119
Not accepting new clients
Today you took the first step in seeking help and that is a brave thing. I am honored to be one of the people you are thinking about. I believe greatly in the whole body and mind approach as well as the whole system approach. Healing is found in many arenas and therapy is a dress rehearsal for life. There a million reasons we need to get support through therapy! Relationship conflict or the end of a relationship, stress from work, anxieties of parenting, adjusting to big life changes like changing jobs or graduating college. Having a place that its all about you can be invaluable.
Today you took the first step in seeking help and that is a brave thing. I am honored to be one of the people you are thinking about. I believe greatly in the whole body and mind approach as well as the whole system approach. Healing is found in many arenas and therapy is a dress rehearsal for life. There a million reasons we need to get support through therapy! Relationship conflict or the end of a relationship, stress from work, anxieties of parenting, adjusting to big life changes like changing jobs or graduating college. Having a place that its all about you can be invaluable.
(901) 621-3590 View (901) 621-3590
Photo of Maya M Johnson, Licensed Professional Counselor in Memphis, TN
Maya M Johnson
Licensed Professional Counselor, ICST, LPC, MHSP, temp
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Memphis, TN 38117
Waitlist for new clients
Welcome! I am a National Board Certified Mental Health Counselor under supervision. I have been practicing as a therapist for about 5 years. I hold a master's in Clinical Mental Health Counseling and a certification in International Sandtray therapy. I assist individuals who are looking to improve self-esteem, manage depression and anxiety, utilize coping strategies, and guide adolescents and adults through healing the mind and body.
Welcome! I am a National Board Certified Mental Health Counselor under supervision. I have been practicing as a therapist for about 5 years. I hold a master's in Clinical Mental Health Counseling and a certification in International Sandtray therapy. I assist individuals who are looking to improve self-esteem, manage depression and anxiety, utilize coping strategies, and guide adolescents and adults through healing the mind and body.
(901) 519-2814 View (901) 519-2814
Photo of Caroline Schratz Lovett, Licensed Professional Counselor in Memphis, TN
Caroline Schratz Lovett
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MHSP, RYT-200
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Memphis, TN 38117
I am a holistic integrative wellness practitioner. I specialize in helping clients struggling with symptoms of anxiety, depression, and trauma. I particularly love helping those individuals who may be struggling with low self-esteem and self-worth. I enjoy guiding my clients to identify their own strengths and unlock the hidden potential that each of us possesses. I love working with individuals who are ready for change but are in need of some extrinsic motivation and guidance. For those parents who are looking for assistance for their children, I have extensive experience working with all ages, ranging from 4 to 18 years old.
I am a holistic integrative wellness practitioner. I specialize in helping clients struggling with symptoms of anxiety, depression, and trauma. I particularly love helping those individuals who may be struggling with low self-esteem and self-worth. I enjoy guiding my clients to identify their own strengths and unlock the hidden potential that each of us possesses. I love working with individuals who are ready for change but are in need of some extrinsic motivation and guidance. For those parents who are looking for assistance for their children, I have extensive experience working with all ages, ranging from 4 to 18 years old.
(901) 460-2969 View (901) 460-2969
Photo of Allan J Katz, Licensed Professional Counselor in Memphis, TN
Allan J Katz
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MHSP, CSAT, BBA
Verified Verified
7 Endorsed
Memphis, TN 38119
Discover Freedom from out-of-control sexual behavior & Improve Intimacy and communication in your relationship. When the empty "hole in your soul" can no longer be filled with risky behaviors, realize that there is hope and a proven solution. Together, we'll develop effective strategies to overcome urges, manage cravings and create healthy alternatives. You'll have the tools to rebuild your relationship and increase intimacy. All in a confidential atmosphere of non-judgment and acceptance. You'll rediscover your authentic self, feel freedom again and regain your own personal power to live a rich, fulfilled life worth living.
Discover Freedom from out-of-control sexual behavior & Improve Intimacy and communication in your relationship. When the empty "hole in your soul" can no longer be filled with risky behaviors, realize that there is hope and a proven solution. Together, we'll develop effective strategies to overcome urges, manage cravings and create healthy alternatives. You'll have the tools to rebuild your relationship and increase intimacy. All in a confidential atmosphere of non-judgment and acceptance. You'll rediscover your authentic self, feel freedom again and regain your own personal power to live a rich, fulfilled life worth living.
(901) 295-2983 View (901) 295-2983
Photo of Paige Marcantel, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Memphis, TN
Paige Marcantel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, MBA, LCSW
Verified Verified
Memphis, TN 38120
I am a a licensed clinical social worker with over 15 years of experience as a therapist and leader. I have extensive experience in helping clients with historical trauma, parenting and the postpartum period, stress, depression, anxiety, relationships, grief, and loss. My counseling approach emphasizes non-judgment and building rapport as critical to success in working with my clients. I absolutely believe that you are the expert on your own story and I can walk with you to assist you in making the changes you want to make.
I am a a licensed clinical social worker with over 15 years of experience as a therapist and leader. I have extensive experience in helping clients with historical trauma, parenting and the postpartum period, stress, depression, anxiety, relationships, grief, and loss. My counseling approach emphasizes non-judgment and building rapport as critical to success in working with my clients. I absolutely believe that you are the expert on your own story and I can walk with you to assist you in making the changes you want to make.
(901) 668-5253 View (901) 668-5253
Photo of Mackaria Estes, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Memphis, TN
Mackaria Estes
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Memphis, TN 38120
Oftentimes, it is helpful to be reminded that emotional peace and happiness are possible. I strive to create a safe and accepting environment where individuals can fully explore their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors in a meaningful way. The purpose of therapy is to embark on a path that will help you find balance within yourself and with the interpersonal relationships that you value.
Oftentimes, it is helpful to be reminded that emotional peace and happiness are possible. I strive to create a safe and accepting environment where individuals can fully explore their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors in a meaningful way. The purpose of therapy is to embark on a path that will help you find balance within yourself and with the interpersonal relationships that you value.
(901) 676-7861 View (901) 676-7861
Photo of Andria Wilson, Licensed Professional Counselor in Memphis, TN
Andria Wilson
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MHSP, CET1, ICST
Verified Verified
9 Endorsed
Memphis, TN 38117
Poet Maya Angelou wrote: "There is no greater agony than bearing an untold story inside you". Opening oneself is a courageous and vulnerable act and I want you to know that I will provide you a space to explore at your own pace, and a place to feel known, heard and accepted as you journey in your healing. As part of the process I help you identify and foster your strengths while allowing you to explore your personal path to healing. I utilize talk as well as expressive arts therapies to meet your unique needs and comfort level.
Poet Maya Angelou wrote: "There is no greater agony than bearing an untold story inside you". Opening oneself is a courageous and vulnerable act and I want you to know that I will provide you a space to explore at your own pace, and a place to feel known, heard and accepted as you journey in your healing. As part of the process I help you identify and foster your strengths while allowing you to explore your personal path to healing. I utilize talk as well as expressive arts therapies to meet your unique needs and comfort level.
(901) 350-2558 View (901) 350-2558
Photo of Carmen Lynn Gray, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Memphis, TN
Carmen Lynn Gray
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Memphis, TN 38111
Not accepting new clients
My experience consists of working with children while at CPS; working with adults while employed at California State Prison and working in the hospital setting servicing families and those in need of mental health therapy/crisis intervention. My approach to mental health therapy is patient centered which allows for private sessions to be guided and created around the patients’ needs and desired outcomes.
My experience consists of working with children while at CPS; working with adults while employed at California State Prison and working in the hospital setting servicing families and those in need of mental health therapy/crisis intervention. My approach to mental health therapy is patient centered which allows for private sessions to be guided and created around the patients’ needs and desired outcomes.
(901) 446-4086 View (901) 446-4086
Photo of W Trevor Winfrey, Pre-Licensed Professional in Memphis, TN
W Trevor Winfrey
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS
Verified Verified
Memphis, TN 38119
I enjoy working with clients of all types! However, I specialize in working with individuals who are dealing with significant feelings of anxiety and/or depression, trauma, relationship issues, and life transitions. If you are ready to make the change to live the life you want, I'd be elated to help you begin and walk that journey together. Let's get a consultation scheduled and see if we are a good fit!
I enjoy working with clients of all types! However, I specialize in working with individuals who are dealing with significant feelings of anxiety and/or depression, trauma, relationship issues, and life transitions. If you are ready to make the change to live the life you want, I'd be elated to help you begin and walk that journey together. Let's get a consultation scheduled and see if we are a good fit!
(901) 472-8973 View (901) 472-8973
Photo of Eric Cassius, Counselor in Memphis, TN
Eric Cassius
Counselor, MS, LPC, MHSP, CHT
Verified Verified
9 Endorsed
Memphis, TN 38117
With over 20 years of experience I have worked with clients from all over Memphis. Clients are motivated to change and address their issues upon the initial session. Whether a client is an adult or adolescent I treat each person who comes to my office as an individual with their own special needs. I specialize in Hypnotherapy for Stopping Smoking, Weight Loss, Stress, Anxiety, Concentration, Focus, Athletic Performance, Male and Female Sexual Dysfunction, Couples Counseling, Family Therapy, Adolescent Behavioral Therapy, ADHD Testing, and Study Coaching. For more information please feel free to contact me or check out my website: Cassiusandassociates.com
With over 20 years of experience I have worked with clients from all over Memphis. Clients are motivated to change and address their issues upon the initial session. Whether a client is an adult or adolescent I treat each person who comes to my office as an individual with their own special needs. I specialize in Hypnotherapy for Stopping Smoking, Weight Loss, Stress, Anxiety, Concentration, Focus, Athletic Performance, Male and Female Sexual Dysfunction, Couples Counseling, Family Therapy, Adolescent Behavioral Therapy, ADHD Testing, and Study Coaching. For more information please feel free to contact me or check out my website: Cassiusandassociates.com
(901) 654-0078 View (901) 654-0078
Photo of Keith Frederic, Pre-Licensed Professional in Memphis, TN
Keith Frederic
Pre-Licensed Professional, MS, NCC, LPCMHSP, (temp)
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Memphis, TN 38119
How long have you been waiting for things to get better? You may have times when you’re overwhelmed, and uncertain that your challenges can be overcome. Choosing professional counseling is a positive step you can take to direct changes in your life, to build confidence, and lead you to relief. I will work with you to clarify your present experience, and help you develop a way forward in your life that is centered on what is most important to you.
How long have you been waiting for things to get better? You may have times when you’re overwhelmed, and uncertain that your challenges can be overcome. Choosing professional counseling is a positive step you can take to direct changes in your life, to build confidence, and lead you to relief. I will work with you to clarify your present experience, and help you develop a way forward in your life that is centered on what is most important to you.
(901) 445-7653 View (901) 445-7653
Photo of kardia Collective , Licensed Professional Counselor in Memphis, TN
kardia Collective
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Memphis, TN 38119
Jordan has a long standing history of working with children, adolescents, and young adults who are navigating the difficult road of overcoming trauma and the emotional and physical scars that remain after the dust has settled. Trauma has a way of stunting emotional and physical growth. It has a way of making us feel that we have lost our voices, that we are not valued, that we do not have a purpose, and as if the only way to be heard is to engage in risky behaviors or defiance. Finding hope may seem impossible. However, beginning to explore and understand the impact that trauma has had on our character enables us to move forward.
Jordan has a long standing history of working with children, adolescents, and young adults who are navigating the difficult road of overcoming trauma and the emotional and physical scars that remain after the dust has settled. Trauma has a way of stunting emotional and physical growth. It has a way of making us feel that we have lost our voices, that we are not valued, that we do not have a purpose, and as if the only way to be heard is to engage in risky behaviors or defiance. Finding hope may seem impossible. However, beginning to explore and understand the impact that trauma has had on our character enables us to move forward.
(901) 813-6004 x733 View (901) 813-6004 x733
Photo of Cliff Heegel, Psychologist in Memphis, TN
Cliff Heegel
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Memphis, TN 38111  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
My office is a safe place to heal from deep pain and dark secrets and resolve emotionally complex situations. I can help you move on and chart a new course. I am very relaxed and informal. I am not conventional, stuffy, or judgmental. Not churchy. I work quietly and deeply. I work well with sensitive people troubled by their minds, feelings, and personal or societal unrest. I can help you set healthier boundaries with family, work, friends, and lovers. Although I will likely retire in 2025, I will see current and previous clients and a short-term new client or two. Only telehealth appointments are open for the foreseeable future.
My office is a safe place to heal from deep pain and dark secrets and resolve emotionally complex situations. I can help you move on and chart a new course. I am very relaxed and informal. I am not conventional, stuffy, or judgmental. Not churchy. I work quietly and deeply. I work well with sensitive people troubled by their minds, feelings, and personal or societal unrest. I can help you set healthier boundaries with family, work, friends, and lovers. Although I will likely retire in 2025, I will see current and previous clients and a short-term new client or two. Only telehealth appointments are open for the foreseeable future.
(901) 390-5728 View (901) 390-5728
Photo of Britany Bolling, Licensed Professional Counselor in Memphis, TN
Britany Bolling
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPCMHSP, NCC, MS
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Memphis, TN 38104  (Online Only)
I firmly believe that mental health struggles don't define a person indefinitely; rather, they mark a chapter in a larger narrative. The healing process is a testament to the human capacity for change and renewal, emphasizing that mental well-being is a dynamic journey rather than a static state. I work with individuals who are determined to undergo this journey, are ready to take charge of their present, take back their power from the past, and create a future of abundance. I don’t believe in being “stuck” forever. Neither should you. Currently seeing teens 16+ and Adults 18+.
I firmly believe that mental health struggles don't define a person indefinitely; rather, they mark a chapter in a larger narrative. The healing process is a testament to the human capacity for change and renewal, emphasizing that mental well-being is a dynamic journey rather than a static state. I work with individuals who are determined to undergo this journey, are ready to take charge of their present, take back their power from the past, and create a future of abundance. I don’t believe in being “stuck” forever. Neither should you. Currently seeing teens 16+ and Adults 18+.
(901) 350-7054 View (901) 350-7054
Photo of Christie Payne, Licensed Professional Counselor in Memphis, TN
Christie Payne
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, MHSP, CEAP, SAP
Verified Verified
Memphis, TN 38117
As a therapist I help individuals and couples identify areas in their life where changes can be made.The relationships in your life may be dissatisfying or maybe you are going through a difficult situation that is beyond your control. Together, we can work to uncover what is getting in the way of you living life with purpose and satisfaction.
As a therapist I help individuals and couples identify areas in their life where changes can be made.The relationships in your life may be dissatisfying or maybe you are going through a difficult situation that is beyond your control. Together, we can work to uncover what is getting in the way of you living life with purpose and satisfaction.
(901) 290-4058 View (901) 290-4058
Photo of Brittany Wood, Pre-Licensed Professional in Memphis, TN
Brittany Wood
Pre-Licensed Professional, MSEd, P-LPC
Verified Verified
Memphis, TN 38119  (Online Only)
I am dedicated to supporting individuals in their journey towards healing and well-being. l strive to provide a compassionate and safe space for individuals to explore their experiences and work towards healing. Drawing upon evidence-based therapeutic approaches, I tailor my counseling sessions to meet the unique needs of each client. I believe in the power of a collaborative therapeutic relationship, where individuals feel empowered and supported as they navigate their healing process. I am trained in a variety of therapeutic approaches, including TF-CBT, CBT, DBT, IFS, Motivational Interviewing, and Person-Centered Therapy.
I am dedicated to supporting individuals in their journey towards healing and well-being. l strive to provide a compassionate and safe space for individuals to explore their experiences and work towards healing. Drawing upon evidence-based therapeutic approaches, I tailor my counseling sessions to meet the unique needs of each client. I believe in the power of a collaborative therapeutic relationship, where individuals feel empowered and supported as they navigate their healing process. I am trained in a variety of therapeutic approaches, including TF-CBT, CBT, DBT, IFS, Motivational Interviewing, and Person-Centered Therapy.
(731) 237-0889 View (731) 237-0889
Photo of Venisha Freeman, Pre-Licensed Professional in Memphis, TN
Venisha Freeman
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
Memphis, TN 38119
Have stressful life events left you feeling tired, anxious, or overwhelmed? Have you tried to make changes, but nothing seems to work? Is your child having struggles related to their identity, managing heavy emotions, or expressing their needs? If so, I am here to help.
Have stressful life events left you feeling tired, anxious, or overwhelmed? Have you tried to make changes, but nothing seems to work? Is your child having struggles related to their identity, managing heavy emotions, or expressing their needs? If so, I am here to help.
(901) 676-8558 View (901) 676-8558

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Memphis, TN

500+

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in Memphis, TN who prioritize treating:

88% Anxiety
84% Depression
76% Self Esteem
73% Relationship Issues
70% Coping Skills
69% Trauma and PTSD
69% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

83% Cigna and Evernorth
69% Aetna
67% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Memphis, TN see their clients

65% In Person and Online
35% Online Only

Gender breakdown

81% Female
18% Male
1% Non-Binary

FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Memphis?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.