Therapists in Lynchburg, VA

Photo of Mary F. Boyette, Resident in Marriage and Family Therapy in Lynchburg, VA
Mary F. Boyette
Resident in Marriage and Family Therapy, MA
Verified Verified
Lynchburg, VA 24502
Relationships and life are difficult to navigate. I am passionate about coming alongside those who are weary in the difficult and commend you for taking the step of courage to pursue counseling. It is an honor to be answering the call from God to work as a therapist and provide a space to wrestle with big questions. My greatest desire is to provide a therapeutic space where you experience safety, are seen and heard, and know your value as you explore presenting concerns and set goals for the future. Thank you for choosing this step for yourself!
Relationships and life are difficult to navigate. I am passionate about coming alongside those who are weary in the difficult and commend you for taking the step of courage to pursue counseling. It is an honor to be answering the call from God to work as a therapist and provide a space to wrestle with big questions. My greatest desire is to provide a therapeutic space where you experience safety, are seen and heard, and know your value as you explore presenting concerns and set goals for the future. Thank you for choosing this step for yourself!
(434) 722-3521 View (434) 722-3521
Photo of Genevieve Whittemore, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lynchburg, VA
Genevieve Whittemore
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Lynchburg, VA 24503
Genevieve is a Licensed Professional Counselor specializing in the treatment of symptoms of developmental trauma disorders, PTSD, ADD & ADHD, anxiety & mood disorders, and addiction using neurofeedback and psychotherapy along with other biofeedback modalities that can help a person achieve emotional regulation. Additionally, she works with individuals seeking peak performance and students experiencing test anxiety. She specializes in Motivational Interviewing, Mindfulness, and Positive Psychology.
Genevieve is a Licensed Professional Counselor specializing in the treatment of symptoms of developmental trauma disorders, PTSD, ADD & ADHD, anxiety & mood disorders, and addiction using neurofeedback and psychotherapy along with other biofeedback modalities that can help a person achieve emotional regulation. Additionally, she works with individuals seeking peak performance and students experiencing test anxiety. She specializes in Motivational Interviewing, Mindfulness, and Positive Psychology.
(434) 595-3706 View (434) 595-3706
Photo of Christopher Hollingsworth, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lynchburg, VA
Christopher Hollingsworth
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Lynchburg, VA 24504
Christopher is a Licensed Professional Counselor with 3 years of experience working in a variety of counseling settings, including ambulatory crisis stabilization, inpatient hospitalization, residential treatment, and school-based services. Christopher has extensive experience treating clients with mood disorders; anxiety disorders; trauma- and stress-related- disorders; and disruptive, impulse control, and conduct disorders. Christopher completed his Bachelor of Arts in Psychology at Randolph College and Masters Degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling at Lynchburg College.
Christopher is a Licensed Professional Counselor with 3 years of experience working in a variety of counseling settings, including ambulatory crisis stabilization, inpatient hospitalization, residential treatment, and school-based services. Christopher has extensive experience treating clients with mood disorders; anxiety disorders; trauma- and stress-related- disorders; and disruptive, impulse control, and conduct disorders. Christopher completed his Bachelor of Arts in Psychology at Randolph College and Masters Degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling at Lynchburg College.
(434) 201-7270 View (434) 201-7270
Photo of Geoffrey Dill, Pre-Licensed Professional in Lynchburg, VA
Geoffrey Dill
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Lynchburg, VA 24504
Geoffrey Dill (he/him) is a Resident in Counseling (RIC) with years of experience working in the mental health field. He is passionate about providing therapeutic care to clients dealing with shame, specializing particularly in eating disorders, LGBTQIA+ needs, trauma, depression, and low self-esteem.
Geoffrey Dill (he/him) is a Resident in Counseling (RIC) with years of experience working in the mental health field. He is passionate about providing therapeutic care to clients dealing with shame, specializing particularly in eating disorders, LGBTQIA+ needs, trauma, depression, and low self-esteem.
(434) 442-6448 View (434) 442-6448
Photo of Otis G. Whigham, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Lynchburg, VA
Otis G. Whigham
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Lynchburg, VA 24501
Are you or your teen suffering to overcome past hurt, trauma, or depression? Does your marriage or relationship seem to be falling apart? Do you find yourself feeling anxious, having trouble making decisions, and wishing for peace in your life? With evening and weekend hours available, we offer individual, couple, family, and group counseling to assist people like you with these and many other issues.
Are you or your teen suffering to overcome past hurt, trauma, or depression? Does your marriage or relationship seem to be falling apart? Do you find yourself feeling anxious, having trouble making decisions, and wishing for peace in your life? With evening and weekend hours available, we offer individual, couple, family, and group counseling to assist people like you with these and many other issues.
(434) 299-0732 View (434) 299-0732
Photo of Simone Garrison, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Lynchburg, VA
Simone Garrison
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Lynchburg, VA 24503  (Online Only)
Do you just want a break or feel like running away from it all? Are you struggling to just keep it all together? If that sounds like you, you've come to the right place. My name is Simone and I have over 14 years of experience working with children, adults, couples, and military veterans. I have a special interest and training in working with POC, Maternal Health including Post Partum Depression and Anxiety, Parenting and Family Conflict, Cultural and/or Career Identity Crisis ex. Individuals struggling with intersecting identities such as faith and sexuality. Please Note: I am not accepting couples' referrals at this time.
Do you just want a break or feel like running away from it all? Are you struggling to just keep it all together? If that sounds like you, you've come to the right place. My name is Simone and I have over 14 years of experience working with children, adults, couples, and military veterans. I have a special interest and training in working with POC, Maternal Health including Post Partum Depression and Anxiety, Parenting and Family Conflict, Cultural and/or Career Identity Crisis ex. Individuals struggling with intersecting identities such as faith and sexuality. Please Note: I am not accepting couples' referrals at this time.
(804) 636-3965 View (804) 636-3965
Photo of Jung at Heart Counseling, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lynchburg, VA
Jung at Heart Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Lynchburg, VA 24501  (Online Only)
Finding value and meaning whether you are in the valley or at the top of the mountain using a blend of traditional evidenced based interventions with an existential feel incorporating different philosophies and schools of thought.
Finding value and meaning whether you are in the valley or at the top of the mountain using a blend of traditional evidenced based interventions with an existential feel incorporating different philosophies and schools of thought.
(434) 771-3887 View (434) 771-3887
Photo of Danielle Smith, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lynchburg, VA
Danielle Smith
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Lynchburg, VA 24504  (Online Only)
Danielle Smith is a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) with years of experience in the mental health field. She is passionate about helping adolescents, adults, and couples address their unique challenges and live more fulfilled lives. Danielle specializes in trauma, PTSD, C-PTSD, depression, anxiety, grief, relationship issues, and substance misuse.
Danielle Smith is a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) with years of experience in the mental health field. She is passionate about helping adolescents, adults, and couples address their unique challenges and live more fulfilled lives. Danielle specializes in trauma, PTSD, C-PTSD, depression, anxiety, grief, relationship issues, and substance misuse.
(434) 595-5649 View (434) 595-5649
Photo of Pamela Pierce, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lynchburg, VA
Pamela Pierce
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Lynchburg, VA 24504  (Online Only)
Pamela Pierce is a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) who specializes in treating anxiety, depression, anger, and behavioral issues in youth and adults. She has 9 years of experience working with at-risk adolescents and adults with severe mental illness in a behavioral health setting. Pamela has worked with individuals and couples in a private practice setting for 2 years. She has a passion for collaboratively assisting individuals working through their anxiety, depression, and anger. It is Pamela's experience that behavioral issues tend to stem from an underlying issue.
Pamela Pierce is a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) who specializes in treating anxiety, depression, anger, and behavioral issues in youth and adults. She has 9 years of experience working with at-risk adolescents and adults with severe mental illness in a behavioral health setting. Pamela has worked with individuals and couples in a private practice setting for 2 years. She has a passion for collaboratively assisting individuals working through their anxiety, depression, and anger. It is Pamela's experience that behavioral issues tend to stem from an underlying issue.
(434) 505-4907 View (434) 505-4907
Photo of Callie Ragland, Resident in Counseling in Lynchburg, VA
Callie Ragland
Resident in Counseling, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lynchburg, VA 24503
My goal is to provide a safe environment for you to process areas of your story that need healing, learn new skills, and grow confident in your ability to maintain your emotional and mental health. I enjoy working with couples and families, helping them create and maintain healthy relationships, improve communication skills, and learn productive problem-solving techniques. I also work with individuals experiencing depression, anxiety, OCD, ADHD, substance use disorders, relational stress, life transitions, and other difficulties.
My goal is to provide a safe environment for you to process areas of your story that need healing, learn new skills, and grow confident in your ability to maintain your emotional and mental health. I enjoy working with couples and families, helping them create and maintain healthy relationships, improve communication skills, and learn productive problem-solving techniques. I also work with individuals experiencing depression, anxiety, OCD, ADHD, substance use disorders, relational stress, life transitions, and other difficulties.
(434) 231-2084 View (434) 231-2084
Photo of Stephanie Lambert LLC, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lynchburg, VA
Stephanie Lambert LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Lynchburg, VA 24502
I have had the opportunity of providing counseling to the Lynchburg and surrounding areas since 2017. Through helping individuals from 3 years to 89 years old, I have experience in assisting those as they navigate through the various stages of life. I believe in using a multi-faceted approach to therapy, as each individual is unique and allow the treatment to be client focused and not restricted for better client outcomes. While I am trained in a variety of mental health needs, I have the strongest proficiency in assisting those struggling with depression, anxiety, trauma, ADHD, behavioral issues, and relationship conflicts.
I have had the opportunity of providing counseling to the Lynchburg and surrounding areas since 2017. Through helping individuals from 3 years to 89 years old, I have experience in assisting those as they navigate through the various stages of life. I believe in using a multi-faceted approach to therapy, as each individual is unique and allow the treatment to be client focused and not restricted for better client outcomes. While I am trained in a variety of mental health needs, I have the strongest proficiency in assisting those struggling with depression, anxiety, trauma, ADHD, behavioral issues, and relationship conflicts.
(434) 732-2011 View (434) 732-2011
Photo of Jeany Lally, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lynchburg, VA
Jeany Lally
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Lynchburg, VA 24504  (Online Only)
Welcome! My name is Jeany Lally and I am an LPC in VA and NJ. I would be honored to partner with you in counseling. I have much experience walking with women through life stressors, family dynamics, anxiety, relationship distress, career and college challenges. In addition helping women heal from traumatic experiences, depression, substance abuse, domestic violence, sex trafficking, as well as other adverse experiences and symptoms. I believe in a holistic approach for us all to heal. We are biological, psychological, social, and spiritual people. In counseling we can address these areas and what may be needed in each area.
Welcome! My name is Jeany Lally and I am an LPC in VA and NJ. I would be honored to partner with you in counseling. I have much experience walking with women through life stressors, family dynamics, anxiety, relationship distress, career and college challenges. In addition helping women heal from traumatic experiences, depression, substance abuse, domestic violence, sex trafficking, as well as other adverse experiences and symptoms. I believe in a holistic approach for us all to heal. We are biological, psychological, social, and spiritual people. In counseling we can address these areas and what may be needed in each area.
(434) 608-9510 View (434) 608-9510
Photo of Ruth Ware, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lynchburg, VA
Ruth Ware
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Lynchburg, VA 24504  (Online Only)
Ruth Ware is a Licensed Professional Counselor in the states of Alabama, Mississippi, and Virginia. She is also Board Certified in Telemental Health. Ruth has 25+ years of experience helping adults and those with issues related to depression, anxiety, life transitions, and addictions issues find their way back to the road of recovery and happiness. She completed her Bachelor of Science in Psychology at Oklahoma State University and received a Master of Human Relations from University of Oklahoma. She also has a Master of Business of Administration.
Ruth Ware is a Licensed Professional Counselor in the states of Alabama, Mississippi, and Virginia. She is also Board Certified in Telemental Health. Ruth has 25+ years of experience helping adults and those with issues related to depression, anxiety, life transitions, and addictions issues find their way back to the road of recovery and happiness. She completed her Bachelor of Science in Psychology at Oklahoma State University and received a Master of Human Relations from University of Oklahoma. She also has a Master of Business of Administration.
(256) 223-9595 View (256) 223-9595
Photo of Taryn Zimont, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lynchburg, VA
Taryn Zimont
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Lynchburg, VA 24504
Hey there! I'm Taryn, a Licensed Professional Counselor in Virginia. Specializing in LGBTQ issues, religious deconstruction, and faith transitions, I provide affirming support for individuals and couples dealing with trauma, PTSD, and identity complexities. My focus extends to those exploring deeper self-understanding. This involves processing attachment wounds and the impacts of strained relationships. I grasp the intricate dynamics inherent in navigating the intersections of LGBTQ identities, religious backgrounds, and faith transitions.
Hey there! I'm Taryn, a Licensed Professional Counselor in Virginia. Specializing in LGBTQ issues, religious deconstruction, and faith transitions, I provide affirming support for individuals and couples dealing with trauma, PTSD, and identity complexities. My focus extends to those exploring deeper self-understanding. This involves processing attachment wounds and the impacts of strained relationships. I grasp the intricate dynamics inherent in navigating the intersections of LGBTQ identities, religious backgrounds, and faith transitions.
(434) 404-6258 View (434) 404-6258
Photo of Nicole Carson, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lynchburg, VA
Nicole Carson
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, LMFT
Verified Verified
Lynchburg, VA 24502
I have worked with many children, adolescents, adults, and families since 2017. Conflict in relationships, issues in communication, adverse patterns of behavior, and many more have been successfully addressed through counseling. Life is a journey that includes a lot of ups and downs. Sometimes all we need is for someone to walk along side us for a time as we face challenges that come along. I would like to equip you with the tools you need to address these. As we work together, my objective is that you gain insight and understanding about your personal struggles and feel confident enough to face them autonomously.
I have worked with many children, adolescents, adults, and families since 2017. Conflict in relationships, issues in communication, adverse patterns of behavior, and many more have been successfully addressed through counseling. Life is a journey that includes a lot of ups and downs. Sometimes all we need is for someone to walk along side us for a time as we face challenges that come along. I would like to equip you with the tools you need to address these. As we work together, my objective is that you gain insight and understanding about your personal struggles and feel confident enough to face them autonomously.
(434) 595-3538 View (434) 595-3538
Photo of Sunday Ayodeji, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lynchburg, VA
Sunday Ayodeji
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Lynchburg, VA 24502  (Online Only)
It’s a good day! My name is Sunday Ayodeji, and I am a licensed professional counselor in the state of Virginia with 3 years of professional work experience. I have experience in helping clients with stress, anxiety, relationship issues, grief, anger management, motivation, self-esteem, self-confidence, depression, and substance abuse.
It’s a good day! My name is Sunday Ayodeji, and I am a licensed professional counselor in the state of Virginia with 3 years of professional work experience. I have experience in helping clients with stress, anxiety, relationship issues, grief, anger management, motivation, self-esteem, self-confidence, depression, and substance abuse.
(434) 602-9731 View (434) 602-9731
Sitting Well Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, PhD, LPC-R
Verified Verified
Lynchburg, VA 24503
Sitting Well Counseling has experience with a wide range of challenges encountered today so we look to match you with the therapist that best fits your needs. We specialize not only in trauma, but anxiety, addiction, depression, family conflict, and a variety of unique challenges you may be experiencing in this difficult season. We also provide assessment and testing services such as ADHD testing and psychological evaluations.
Sitting Well Counseling has experience with a wide range of challenges encountered today so we look to match you with the therapist that best fits your needs. We specialize not only in trauma, but anxiety, addiction, depression, family conflict, and a variety of unique challenges you may be experiencing in this difficult season. We also provide assessment and testing services such as ADHD testing and psychological evaluations.
(434) 436-2252 View (434) 436-2252
Photo of Berkley Holston, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lynchburg, VA
Berkley Holston
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Lynchburg, VA 24503
Waitlist for new clients
I was born and raised in Lynchburg, Virginia, but have had the amazing opportunity to live and work all over the country including: Washington, DC; New Orleans, LA; Miami, FL and Boulder, CO. Lynchburg is by far my favorite place and I was happy to return home in 2005. I enjoy cooking, gardening, reading and spending time with my family and friends. I'm a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC). I graduated from the University of Northern Colorado in 2003 with an undergraduate degree in Psychology and a Masters degree in Community Counseling with an emphasis in Marriage and Family Counseling.
I was born and raised in Lynchburg, Virginia, but have had the amazing opportunity to live and work all over the country including: Washington, DC; New Orleans, LA; Miami, FL and Boulder, CO. Lynchburg is by far my favorite place and I was happy to return home in 2005. I enjoy cooking, gardening, reading and spending time with my family and friends. I'm a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC). I graduated from the University of Northern Colorado in 2003 with an undergraduate degree in Psychology and a Masters degree in Community Counseling with an emphasis in Marriage and Family Counseling.
(434) 277-2074 View (434) 277-2074
Photo of Katie Oliver, Licensed Professional Counselor in Lynchburg, VA
Katie Oliver
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Lynchburg, VA 24504
Katie is a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) who has over 13 years of clinical experience working in community mental health with adolescents, teens, young adults, and families who are struggling with depression, anxiety, stress management, anger management, grief, loss, phase of life problems, self-esteem, identity issues, and relationship issues. Katie received her Bachelor’s degree in Human Services from Elon University her Master’s degree in Professional Counseling from Liberty University.
Katie is a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC) who has over 13 years of clinical experience working in community mental health with adolescents, teens, young adults, and families who are struggling with depression, anxiety, stress management, anger management, grief, loss, phase of life problems, self-esteem, identity issues, and relationship issues. Katie received her Bachelor’s degree in Human Services from Elon University her Master’s degree in Professional Counseling from Liberty University.
(434) 215-0355 View (434) 215-0355
Photo of David P Mikkelson, Marriage & Family Therapist in Lynchburg, VA
David P Mikkelson
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, MDiv, LMFT
Verified Verified
Lynchburg, VA 24502
I have been working with couples and families for 30 years as a pastor and a licensed marriage and family therapist. By training, experience, and passion, I work best with couples and families, and also with individuals who are experiencing relationship issues. I enjoy providing pre-marital counseling to engaged or pre-engaged couples, working with married couples who are experiencing relational distress, and with parents who are struggling with raising children and teens. As a retired Army Chaplain and former Marine Artillery Officer, I love working with military personnel, including those with combat-related issues or PTSD.
I have been working with couples and families for 30 years as a pastor and a licensed marriage and family therapist. By training, experience, and passion, I work best with couples and families, and also with individuals who are experiencing relationship issues. I enjoy providing pre-marital counseling to engaged or pre-engaged couples, working with married couples who are experiencing relational distress, and with parents who are struggling with raising children and teens. As a retired Army Chaplain and former Marine Artillery Officer, I love working with military personnel, including those with combat-related issues or PTSD.
(434) 226-5843 View (434) 226-5843

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Lynchburg, VA

200+

Average cost per session

$120

Therapists in Lynchburg, VA who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
89% Depression
74% Relationship Issues
73% Self Esteem
72% Trauma and PTSD
72% Stress
69% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

8 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

77% Anthem | Elevance
74% Aetna
73% BlueCross and BlueShield

How Therapists in Lynchburg, VA see their clients

68% In Person and Online
32% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
24% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Lynchburg?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.