Therapists in Asheville, NC

Photo of Natasha Castro Cramer, Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor in Asheville, NC
Natasha Castro Cramer
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, MS, LCMHC
Verified Verified
Asheville, NC 28801
Not accepting new clients
Do you struggle with belonging or hide parts of yourself in order to be accepted? Does it seem like things come easy for others—the family, the partner, the job, the confidence—while you are giving it all you have to just barely get by? Maybe you are adjusting to a life transition and now all the rules have changed and you are having to redefine who you are and how you show up in the world. Whatever has brought you this page, I am so glad you have made the courageous decision to start therapy. I truly believe you can (and will) find more connection, joy, purpose, and clarity so that you can navigate the difficult seasons of life.
Do you struggle with belonging or hide parts of yourself in order to be accepted? Does it seem like things come easy for others—the family, the partner, the job, the confidence—while you are giving it all you have to just barely get by? Maybe you are adjusting to a life transition and now all the rules have changed and you are having to redefine who you are and how you show up in the world. Whatever has brought you this page, I am so glad you have made the courageous decision to start therapy. I truly believe you can (and will) find more connection, joy, purpose, and clarity so that you can navigate the difficult seasons of life.
(828) 622-5230 View (828) 622-5230
Photo of Thomas J. Snyder, Drug & Alcohol Counselor in Asheville, NC
Thomas J. Snyder
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, MA, CCS, LCAS, MAC
Verified Verified
Asheville, NC 28801
Balance in life is never a single thing, rather a multitude of things that are both ongoing and transient. Present perceptions, relational views, along with personal histories, create emotional issues and negatively impact overall quality of life areas. Developing a realistic look at the what and why of the past and present, as well as the perspective choices, can nurture positive and lasting changes in life.
Balance in life is never a single thing, rather a multitude of things that are both ongoing and transient. Present perceptions, relational views, along with personal histories, create emotional issues and negatively impact overall quality of life areas. Developing a realistic look at the what and why of the past and present, as well as the perspective choices, can nurture positive and lasting changes in life.
(828) 528-3734 View (828) 528-3734
Photo of Sarah Ruth Hollis, Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor in Asheville, NC
Sarah Ruth Hollis
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, LCMHC, LCAS
Verified Verified
Asheville, NC 28805  (Online Only)
I create a safe space so that you can discover the sources causing patterns identified as unproductive so that renewal and recovery becomes a possibility. I work with 18-65 y/o women of all gender and sexual identities who are looking to heal from wounds of their past that have caused patterns they feel stuck in and who want freedom. I utilize Somatic Experiencing, Internal Family Systems, Mindfulness and Attachment-based interventions from the past 15 years of my training, guidance and experience as a mental health counselor and addiction specialist.
I create a safe space so that you can discover the sources causing patterns identified as unproductive so that renewal and recovery becomes a possibility. I work with 18-65 y/o women of all gender and sexual identities who are looking to heal from wounds of their past that have caused patterns they feel stuck in and who want freedom. I utilize Somatic Experiencing, Internal Family Systems, Mindfulness and Attachment-based interventions from the past 15 years of my training, guidance and experience as a mental health counselor and addiction specialist.
(828) 332-5338 View (828) 332-5338
Photo of Tara Chandler, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Asheville, NC
Tara Chandler
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Asheville, NC 28801  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
I love working with individuals in the big transition stages of life. I have a passion for helping patients sort out the often confusing and disorienting realization that there is no "right" way to do things. Being a new parent, navigating relationships and intimacy, working through family relationhships and the every changing political climate are all transitions that interest me. The journey is about figuring out a happy medium between your way and what is acceptable to those that love and support you.
I love working with individuals in the big transition stages of life. I have a passion for helping patients sort out the often confusing and disorienting realization that there is no "right" way to do things. Being a new parent, navigating relationships and intimacy, working through family relationhships and the every changing political climate are all transitions that interest me. The journey is about figuring out a happy medium between your way and what is acceptable to those that love and support you.
(828) 575-9760 View (828) 575-9760
Photo of Matt Wood, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Asheville, NC
Matt Wood
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Asheville, NC 28806  (Online Only)
Hi, I’m Matt, and it’s my mission to help people find their peace. I specialize in dealing with depression, anxiety, and healing from traumatic experiences; I have worked with adults, children, and families for over 15 years. My primary focus is to help you establish meaningful goals that bring you back to a life full of joy. As a licensed Clinical Social Worker, my approach to therapy is both relational and collaborative. Trusting you as the expert of yourself, and I offer support as you regain the capacity to be your best self.
Hi, I’m Matt, and it’s my mission to help people find their peace. I specialize in dealing with depression, anxiety, and healing from traumatic experiences; I have worked with adults, children, and families for over 15 years. My primary focus is to help you establish meaningful goals that bring you back to a life full of joy. As a licensed Clinical Social Worker, my approach to therapy is both relational and collaborative. Trusting you as the expert of yourself, and I offer support as you regain the capacity to be your best self.
(828) 374-9634 View (828) 374-9634
Photo of Alondra Vargas, Counselor in Asheville, NC
Alondra Vargas
Counselor, MS, LCMHC-A
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Asheville, NC 28803
Waitlist for new clients
Growing up and learning how to navigate the world can be tough. Trying to navigate this world while struggling with intrusive thoughts, feeling like you're not enough, and like no one understands you can feel impossible. You or your child may face anxiety, depression, or life transitions, craving understanding and coping strategies. Your goal may be growth, resilience, and self-empowerment. Together, we can cultivate self-awareness, nurture inner strengths, and foster positive change to build healthier relationships and discover your or your child's authentic self. I work with children, adolescents, and adults.
Growing up and learning how to navigate the world can be tough. Trying to navigate this world while struggling with intrusive thoughts, feeling like you're not enough, and like no one understands you can feel impossible. You or your child may face anxiety, depression, or life transitions, craving understanding and coping strategies. Your goal may be growth, resilience, and self-empowerment. Together, we can cultivate self-awareness, nurture inner strengths, and foster positive change to build healthier relationships and discover your or your child's authentic self. I work with children, adolescents, and adults.
(828) 520-2451 View (828) 520-2451
Photo of Resilient Mind Counseling, Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor in Asheville, NC
Resilient Mind Counseling
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, PhD, LCMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Asheville, NC 28801  (Online Only)
Navigating a path that is different from what your parents, friends, or even what you had originally planned should feel warm, celebratory, and freeing, but perhaps you’ve experienced inner turmoil, persecution, and pain instead. The pain of your identities, unique experience, and even your very existence being dismissed and invalidated. Entering into relationships that others don’t understand or approve of can cause tension in the relationship itself. It feels as though there’s a magnifying glass on your ‘non -traditional’ way of life and you’ve become hyper-aware of how you show up in and are experienced by those around you.
Navigating a path that is different from what your parents, friends, or even what you had originally planned should feel warm, celebratory, and freeing, but perhaps you’ve experienced inner turmoil, persecution, and pain instead. The pain of your identities, unique experience, and even your very existence being dismissed and invalidated. Entering into relationships that others don’t understand or approve of can cause tension in the relationship itself. It feels as though there’s a magnifying glass on your ‘non -traditional’ way of life and you’ve become hyper-aware of how you show up in and are experienced by those around you.
(828) 382-8420 View (828) 382-8420
Photo of Annie DeMane, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Asheville, NC
Annie DeMane
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Asheville, NC 28803
I believe that we all hold the answers to life’s questions deep within ourselves. That buried beneath the layers of self-doubt, fear, shame, there is an inner wisdom that can guide us not only towards healing, but towards an embodied life aligned with our values. As a therapist, I see my role as a collaborative guide on your journey towards reconnecting with this "felt sense" or intuition. Healing takes place when we are seen, validated, and accepted for all that we are, and I am passionate about providing a non-judgemental, safe space that celebrates the fullness of your humanity.
I believe that we all hold the answers to life’s questions deep within ourselves. That buried beneath the layers of self-doubt, fear, shame, there is an inner wisdom that can guide us not only towards healing, but towards an embodied life aligned with our values. As a therapist, I see my role as a collaborative guide on your journey towards reconnecting with this "felt sense" or intuition. Healing takes place when we are seen, validated, and accepted for all that we are, and I am passionate about providing a non-judgemental, safe space that celebrates the fullness of your humanity.
(828) 672-3165 View (828) 672-3165
Photo of Sandra Newes and Ketamine Assisted Psychotherapy, Psychologist in Asheville, NC
Sandra Newes and Ketamine Assisted Psychotherapy
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Asheville, NC 28801
Hello! I have over 25 years of experience & specialize in anxiety, trauma, chronic stress, self-regulation and recovery. I value in depth assessment which informs our process. Unlike some types of supportive counseling, I offer education about how life experiences are hardwired into our brains & how this impacts all aspects of life and our relationships. I also focus on teaching skills to transform anxiety and stress into resilience, calm, and increased joy. To do that, I use mindfulness, somatic/body-based skills, brainspotting, neurofeedback, psychedelic & ketamine - assisted psychotherapy, RRT, and nature-based connection.
Hello! I have over 25 years of experience & specialize in anxiety, trauma, chronic stress, self-regulation and recovery. I value in depth assessment which informs our process. Unlike some types of supportive counseling, I offer education about how life experiences are hardwired into our brains & how this impacts all aspects of life and our relationships. I also focus on teaching skills to transform anxiety and stress into resilience, calm, and increased joy. To do that, I use mindfulness, somatic/body-based skills, brainspotting, neurofeedback, psychedelic & ketamine - assisted psychotherapy, RRT, and nature-based connection.
(828) 439-0822 View (828) 439-0822
Photo of Alice H Myer, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Asheville, NC
Alice H Myer
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, AAPC
Verified Verified
Asheville, NC 28801
Not accepting new clients
Thank you for visiting my site. I provide a safe, non-judgmental , and compassionate environment to work through your concerns and gain insight into your experiences. I believe that everyone has within them the inner desire to be healthy and experience wholeness.
Thank you for visiting my site. I provide a safe, non-judgmental , and compassionate environment to work through your concerns and gain insight into your experiences. I believe that everyone has within them the inner desire to be healthy and experience wholeness.
(828) 548-1412 View (828) 548-1412
Photo of Alan Goth Marshall, Psychologist in Asheville, NC
Alan Goth Marshall
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Asheville, NC 28804
I've been doing psychotherapy for about 50 years, and hope to never have to give it up. My role in the work is to get to know the other person as thoroughly and deeply as possible, providing the opportunity for them to get to know themselves more deeply as well. If that sounds like something that could be helpful to you, give me a call and we'll see whether we can work together.
I've been doing psychotherapy for about 50 years, and hope to never have to give it up. My role in the work is to get to know the other person as thoroughly and deeply as possible, providing the opportunity for them to get to know themselves more deeply as well. If that sounds like something that could be helpful to you, give me a call and we'll see whether we can work together.
(828) 537-1477 View (828) 537-1477
Photo of Shannon Krenek, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Asheville, NC
Shannon Krenek
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Asheville, NC 28803  (Online Only)
If you’ve found your way to this site (and let’s be real…if you’re a human being), I know life has handed you or your child many stressors and challenges and you/ they are likely experiencing strong or even overwhelming emotions - perhaps anxiety, sadness, outbursts or numbing, low self-worth. I believe many of our common difficulties stem from experiences of disconnection - with ourselves, others, and the natural world - and that what most of us are seeking is a path toward belonging, joy, a sense of calm, and meaning. These gifts of life grow when we begin connecting, inward & outward, and immerse ourselves in the world around us.
If you’ve found your way to this site (and let’s be real…if you’re a human being), I know life has handed you or your child many stressors and challenges and you/ they are likely experiencing strong or even overwhelming emotions - perhaps anxiety, sadness, outbursts or numbing, low self-worth. I believe many of our common difficulties stem from experiences of disconnection - with ourselves, others, and the natural world - and that what most of us are seeking is a path toward belonging, joy, a sense of calm, and meaning. These gifts of life grow when we begin connecting, inward & outward, and immerse ourselves in the world around us.
(828) 365-8585 View (828) 365-8585
Photo of Chelsea Cummings, Lic Clinical Mental Health Counselor Associate in Asheville, NC
Chelsea Cummings
Lic Clinical Mental Health Counselor Associate, MS, LCMHCA, NCC
Verified Verified
Asheville, NC 28801
Waitlist for new clients
Are you struggling to manage everything going on in your life? Do you feel like you're just not able to say no to people? Are you stuck in relationships and cycles that don't serve you anymore? Have you had painful experiences in your past that seem to keep popping up and affecting you currently? I was a young adult struggling with the same issues until I found a trusted therapist who saved my life. You shouldn't have to feel like the weight of the world is on your shoulders and you're struggling to stand. They say "You can't pour from an empty cup" - let's figure out how to replenish yours first.
Are you struggling to manage everything going on in your life? Do you feel like you're just not able to say no to people? Are you stuck in relationships and cycles that don't serve you anymore? Have you had painful experiences in your past that seem to keep popping up and affecting you currently? I was a young adult struggling with the same issues until I found a trusted therapist who saved my life. You shouldn't have to feel like the weight of the world is on your shoulders and you're struggling to stand. They say "You can't pour from an empty cup" - let's figure out how to replenish yours first.
(828) 373-8783 View (828) 373-8783
Photo of Rebecca Norton, Psychologist in Asheville, NC
Rebecca Norton
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Asheville, NC 28803
Waitlist for new clients
I was trained in Los Angeles and worked in diverse settings there such as a family practice in the Advent Hospital, an inpatient mental health hospital, a collegiate learning disabilities/counseling center, and with the Los Angeles Unified School District. I have been in private practice in Asheville, North Carolina since 2011.
I was trained in Los Angeles and worked in diverse settings there such as a family practice in the Advent Hospital, an inpatient mental health hospital, a collegiate learning disabilities/counseling center, and with the Los Angeles Unified School District. I have been in private practice in Asheville, North Carolina since 2011.
(828) 354-4309 View (828) 354-4309
Photo of Sean Jarman, Lic Clinical Mental Health Counselor Supervisor in Asheville, NC
Sean Jarman
Lic Clinical Mental Health Counselor Supervisor, MEd, LCMHCS, CPC, CLP
Verified Verified
Asheville, NC 28803
Life not working for you? Are you dealing with issues that are causing emotional pain and suffering in your life? I can help you! These issues might include Anger, Anxiety, Depression, Addiction, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, ADHD and Divorce. With my 30 years of experience, I can help you find VALUE in your life again. My practice includes EMDR and Low Energy Neurofeedback (LENS): This provides direct treatment to unblock suppression in the brain's bio-electrical system. This is brief and non-invasive. THE RESET FOR YOUR BRAIN!! Check out www.ochslabs.com I Also provide supervision for LCMHCA's.
Life not working for you? Are you dealing with issues that are causing emotional pain and suffering in your life? I can help you! These issues might include Anger, Anxiety, Depression, Addiction, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, ADHD and Divorce. With my 30 years of experience, I can help you find VALUE in your life again. My practice includes EMDR and Low Energy Neurofeedback (LENS): This provides direct treatment to unblock suppression in the brain's bio-electrical system. This is brief and non-invasive. THE RESET FOR YOUR BRAIN!! Check out www.ochslabs.com I Also provide supervision for LCMHCA's.
(828) 395-4094 View (828) 395-4094
Photo of Attuned Counseling PLLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Asheville, NC
Attuned Counseling PLLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Asheville, NC 28806
Are you still figuring it all out? We all should be! Life is a journey full of personal growth, discovery, and healing. I have witnessed the powerful transformations and healing that occurs when the right therapeutic connection can happen. I am passionate about helping others engage more meaningfully in their lives. While working with me, you will have the space to explore how to change old patterns in your life, gain an understanding of why these patterns exist, and discover new ways of being in the world that fits in with your values.
Are you still figuring it all out? We all should be! Life is a journey full of personal growth, discovery, and healing. I have witnessed the powerful transformations and healing that occurs when the right therapeutic connection can happen. I am passionate about helping others engage more meaningfully in their lives. While working with me, you will have the space to explore how to change old patterns in your life, gain an understanding of why these patterns exist, and discover new ways of being in the world that fits in with your values.
(828) 360-9421 View (828) 360-9421
Photo of Elizabeth R Allen, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist in Asheville, NC
Elizabeth R Allen, LMFT
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Asheville, NC 28803
I focus primarily on work with adolescents experiencing anxiety and depression or struggling with self-esteem as well as their families who are experiencing life transitions, parenting difficulties, and relationship concerns.
I focus primarily on work with adolescents experiencing anxiety and depression or struggling with self-esteem as well as their families who are experiencing life transitions, parenting difficulties, and relationship concerns.
(828) 408-0527 View (828) 408-0527
Photo of Emily Simpson, Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor in Asheville, NC
Emily Simpson
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, MA, LCMHC
Verified Verified
Asheville, NC 28806
You are not alone! Struggling with emotional difficulties and mental health concerns can be challenging, and I can offer a safe and supportive space for you to process and heal. If you are feeling overwhelmed, lost, or uncertain, I can help you sort through those concerns to find the peace and clarity you need.
You are not alone! Struggling with emotional difficulties and mental health concerns can be challenging, and I can offer a safe and supportive space for you to process and heal. If you are feeling overwhelmed, lost, or uncertain, I can help you sort through those concerns to find the peace and clarity you need.
(828) 330-8660 View (828) 330-8660
Laura Oberland
Licensed Clinical Mental Health Counselor, MA, LCMHC
Verified Verified
Asheville, NC 28804
Waitlist for new clients
Welcome! I believe it takes just the right combination of bravery and hope to enter counseling, so I am happy that you are here. I am committed to helping people utilize their own knowledge of themselves and build a healthier, happier, and more resilient life. It is completely natural to struggle and experience difficulties. Sometimes these difficulties come from experiencing traumatic events, managing difficult relationships, and even feeling as if we do not know ourselves and what we really want out of life. My role as a counselor is to provide guidance, help to organize feelings and concerns, and support you in your goals.
Welcome! I believe it takes just the right combination of bravery and hope to enter counseling, so I am happy that you are here. I am committed to helping people utilize their own knowledge of themselves and build a healthier, happier, and more resilient life. It is completely natural to struggle and experience difficulties. Sometimes these difficulties come from experiencing traumatic events, managing difficult relationships, and even feeling as if we do not know ourselves and what we really want out of life. My role as a counselor is to provide guidance, help to organize feelings and concerns, and support you in your goals.
(828) 618-4243 View (828) 618-4243
Photo of Nancy Padron, Licensed Professional Counselor in Asheville, NC
Nancy Padron
Licensed Professional Counselor, LCHMC
Verified Verified
Asheville, NC 28803
I offer a client-centered approach and believe counseling is a process by which we gain insight into ourselves. I often utilize a holistic approach with clients, working on the mind and body connection. Through the process, I incorporate other approaches that best fit the client. The approaches I may use are Motivational Interviewing, Solution-Focused Therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Behavior Therapy, Dialectical Behavior Therapy, Reality Therapy, and Existential. Regardless of the approach, I will help clients identify goals, obstacles, and ways to meet his/her goals and overcome obstacles.
I offer a client-centered approach and believe counseling is a process by which we gain insight into ourselves. I often utilize a holistic approach with clients, working on the mind and body connection. Through the process, I incorporate other approaches that best fit the client. The approaches I may use are Motivational Interviewing, Solution-Focused Therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Behavior Therapy, Dialectical Behavior Therapy, Reality Therapy, and Existential. Regardless of the approach, I will help clients identify goals, obstacles, and ways to meet his/her goals and overcome obstacles.
(828) 759-5538 x1 View (828) 759-5538 x1

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Asheville, NC

1,000+

Average cost per session

$140

Therapists in Asheville, NC who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
86% Depression
78% Relationship Issues
78% Self Esteem
75% Trauma and PTSD
69% Coping Skills
69% Stress

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

86% BlueCross and BlueShield
70% Aetna
50% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Asheville, NC see their clients

68% In Person and Online
32% Online Only

Gender breakdown

76% Female
22% Male
2% Non-Binary

FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Asheville?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.