Photo of Cecilia Dye, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Clarksburg, MD
Cecilia Dye
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Clarksburg, MD 20871  (Online Only)
My goal is to help you feel like you are running the show in your life rather than your chronic pain or illness and for you live life on your terms as much as possible.
Hi and welcome to my profile! I enjoy working with teens, young adults, and adults that are seeking change in their lives. Maybe you feel like its time for the next chapter and need some help figuring out how to get from "here to there," or you feel like you are not seeing the results of your efforts. Many of my clients are also navigating how to manage chronic illness or pain. These conditions contribute to depression, anxiety, irritability, or even be downright debilitating. It can be exhausting to always consider your condition in your plans as well as difficult to maintain hope that symptoms are going to be easier to manage.
My goal is to help you feel like you are running the show in your life rather than your chronic pain or illness and for you live life on your terms as much as possible.
Hi and welcome to my profile! I enjoy working with teens, young adults, and adults that are seeking change in their lives. Maybe you feel like its time for the next chapter and need some help figuring out how to get from "here to there," or you feel like you are not seeing the results of your efforts. Many of my clients are also navigating how to manage chronic illness or pain. These conditions contribute to depression, anxiety, irritability, or even be downright debilitating. It can be exhausting to always consider your condition in your plans as well as difficult to maintain hope that symptoms are going to be easier to manage.
(240) 624-2542 View (240) 624-2542
Photo of Christopher Cofone, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Clarksburg, MD
Christopher Cofone
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
Clarksburg, MD 20871  (Online Only)
Is this a time for a new start? A reset in life? I welcome the change to meet with you and support a new beginning for you . I am friendly and open and welcome the change to understand your needs as well as connecting as people.
Is this a time for a new start? A reset in life? I welcome the change to meet with you and support a new beginning for you . I am friendly and open and welcome the change to understand your needs as well as connecting as people.
(301) 710-6564 View (301) 710-6564
Photo of Christine Joy, Counselor in Clarksburg, MD
Christine Joy
Counselor, LGPC, RPSGT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Clarksburg, MD 20871  (Online Only)
Do you struggle with symptoms of Insomnia, Anxiety, Depression, ADHD, or a life transition that affects your daily functioning, relationships, or career? Do you feel overwhelmed, or exhausted, have difficulty managing your day, or have trouble falling or staying asleep? Do you wonder if life could be better? I believe that your life could be better! You are unique, and have gifts and strengths waiting to be discovered so that you can reach your full potential.
Do you struggle with symptoms of Insomnia, Anxiety, Depression, ADHD, or a life transition that affects your daily functioning, relationships, or career? Do you feel overwhelmed, or exhausted, have difficulty managing your day, or have trouble falling or staying asleep? Do you wonder if life could be better? I believe that your life could be better! You are unique, and have gifts and strengths waiting to be discovered so that you can reach your full potential.
(443) 785-2778 View (443) 785-2778

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Safoura Moraveji, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Clarksburg, MD
Safoura Moraveji
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C, LICSW
Verified Verified
Gaithersburg, MD 20879  (Online Only)
Safoura Moraveji is a seasoned licensed psychotherapist who has been practicing in Maryland and the District of Columbia since 1988. Safoura's most current work has focused primarily on adults experiencing major life transitions such as divorce, family, career moves, and illness. After graduating from the University of Maryland in College Park with her master’s degree in social work, Safoura turned her attention toward psychoanalytic psychotherapy and studies in Gestalt-Existential psychotherapy. Her specialized focuses include working with adults who suffer from severe mood and panic disorders, depression, and anxiety.
Safoura Moraveji is a seasoned licensed psychotherapist who has been practicing in Maryland and the District of Columbia since 1988. Safoura's most current work has focused primarily on adults experiencing major life transitions such as divorce, family, career moves, and illness. After graduating from the University of Maryland in College Park with her master’s degree in social work, Safoura turned her attention toward psychoanalytic psychotherapy and studies in Gestalt-Existential psychotherapy. Her specialized focuses include working with adults who suffer from severe mood and panic disorders, depression, and anxiety.
View
Photo of Martin Vendemia in Clarksburg, MD
Martin Vendemia
BCH, MNLP, LPI
Verified Verified
Woodbine, MD 21797
Ideal clients have tried other treatments and the issue persists. My/our clients may come with anxiety, PTSD, trauma, weight, smoking, sleeping, pain, restless leg and other severe or chronic issues. I have worked with veteran issues, ms, lupus, damaged spine, fibromyalgia, fears, sleep/insomnia, medical compliance, motivation. I have multiple certifications, research and science background and apply the latest methods that produce lasting results
Ideal clients have tried other treatments and the issue persists. My/our clients may come with anxiety, PTSD, trauma, weight, smoking, sleeping, pain, restless leg and other severe or chronic issues. I have worked with veteran issues, ms, lupus, damaged spine, fibromyalgia, fears, sleep/insomnia, medical compliance, motivation. I have multiple certifications, research and science background and apply the latest methods that produce lasting results
(410) 469-1554 View (410) 469-1554
Photo of Tami Koepp, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Clarksburg, MD
Tami Koepp
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Urbana, MD 21704
Do You Need Help Making Peace With Your Past and Letting Go? Are you anxious, depressed, or overwhelmed on the inside, yet work hard to remain competent and in control on the outside? I specialize in helping people recover/discover a calm, secure experience of life. Whether you struggle with anxiety, depression, emotional or physical pain; whether you've had trauma in your past, or experienced a recent loss, break-up, illness or accident - I will help you understand what is happening, resolve disturbing feelings, and apply new skills and solutions.
Do You Need Help Making Peace With Your Past and Letting Go? Are you anxious, depressed, or overwhelmed on the inside, yet work hard to remain competent and in control on the outside? I specialize in helping people recover/discover a calm, secure experience of life. Whether you struggle with anxiety, depression, emotional or physical pain; whether you've had trauma in your past, or experienced a recent loss, break-up, illness or accident - I will help you understand what is happening, resolve disturbing feelings, and apply new skills and solutions.
(301) 514-4745 View (301) 514-4745
Photo of Frandi Mars Integrative And Holistic, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Clarksburg, MD
Frandi Mars Integrative And Holistic
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C, Health , Coach
Verified Verified
Gaithersburg, MD 20877
Are you experiencing major anxiety and/or depression? Are you stuck in a place of chronic overwhelm? Do you have chronic fatigue, joint aches, pain, digestive issues no matter what you try? Is your child experiencing mental health and/or behavioral issues? As a clinical social worker for the last 25 years and a Health Coach for 11, I combine an integrative and holistic approach to emotional AND physical well-being. We all deal with daily stress, loss, and crisis, but if we feel better physically and learn tools and techniques how to handle the stress, we will be better equipped to face the challenges that are presented to us.
Are you experiencing major anxiety and/or depression? Are you stuck in a place of chronic overwhelm? Do you have chronic fatigue, joint aches, pain, digestive issues no matter what you try? Is your child experiencing mental health and/or behavioral issues? As a clinical social worker for the last 25 years and a Health Coach for 11, I combine an integrative and holistic approach to emotional AND physical well-being. We all deal with daily stress, loss, and crisis, but if we feel better physically and learn tools and techniques how to handle the stress, we will be better equipped to face the challenges that are presented to us.
(301) 683-5084 View (301) 683-5084
Photo of Tina Lightner-Morris, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Clarksburg, MD
Tina Lightner-Morris
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, DMin, MS, LCPC, NBCC, IAYT-C
Verified Verified
North Potomac, MD 20878  (Online Only)
Thank You. We will design a healing journey that is uniquely yours! Specializing in trauma resolution and spiritually integrated psychotherapy. Working together considering all factors of mind, body, and spirit. Honoring chronic illness; reviewing your spiritual life or lack of; what you eat or don't; your thoughts and what you are afraid to think; how you move or are unable to move; what you vision for your-Self and what gets in the way. Acknowledging the great mystery of suffering and how to find meaning. Exploring your resiliency and your innate capacity to heal - seeking your strengths and what brings joy and happiness!
Thank You. We will design a healing journey that is uniquely yours! Specializing in trauma resolution and spiritually integrated psychotherapy. Working together considering all factors of mind, body, and spirit. Honoring chronic illness; reviewing your spiritual life or lack of; what you eat or don't; your thoughts and what you are afraid to think; how you move or are unable to move; what you vision for your-Self and what gets in the way. Acknowledging the great mystery of suffering and how to find meaning. Exploring your resiliency and your innate capacity to heal - seeking your strengths and what brings joy and happiness!
(301) 637-0477 View (301) 637-0477
Photo of Catherine Milstead, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Clarksburg, MD
Catherine Milstead
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Frederick, MD 21704
My passion for helping others to realize their dreams and overcome the obstacles caused by trauma, anxiety, grief, poor self-image, addictions and a myriad of other difficulties has led me to learn how closely associated emotional anguish can be with physical pain. In a warm and loving environment, I guide my clients one step at a time toward reaching their goals. I also utilize a variety of other approaches when indicated including CBT, DBT, and Narrative Therapy. I am uniquely trained in Somatic Experiencing and in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR).
My passion for helping others to realize their dreams and overcome the obstacles caused by trauma, anxiety, grief, poor self-image, addictions and a myriad of other difficulties has led me to learn how closely associated emotional anguish can be with physical pain. In a warm and loving environment, I guide my clients one step at a time toward reaching their goals. I also utilize a variety of other approaches when indicated including CBT, DBT, and Narrative Therapy. I am uniquely trained in Somatic Experiencing and in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR).
(301) 732-4754 View (301) 732-4754
Photo of Olive & Oak Wellness , Counselor in Clarksburg, MD
Olive & Oak Wellness
Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
Frederick, MD 21704
Prior experience centers around anxiety, depression, adjustment disorders, life transitions, relationship/social issues, family dynamics, school/executive functioning as well as navigating chronic illness, disability & special needs.
Life can feel really overwhelming sometimes. Maybe you haven’t felt like yourself lately, or you’re more stressed and anxious than usual. The pressures of work, school, relationships, & life changes can weigh on us. If you’re feeling stuck and unsure how to move forward, therapy can provide a safe space to explore options and gain knowledge. My approach is warm, collaborative, and non-judgmental, with the aim to help clients feel seen and heard.
Prior experience centers around anxiety, depression, adjustment disorders, life transitions, relationship/social issues, family dynamics, school/executive functioning as well as navigating chronic illness, disability & special needs.
Life can feel really overwhelming sometimes. Maybe you haven’t felt like yourself lately, or you’re more stressed and anxious than usual. The pressures of work, school, relationships, & life changes can weigh on us. If you’re feeling stuck and unsure how to move forward, therapy can provide a safe space to explore options and gain knowledge. My approach is warm, collaborative, and non-judgmental, with the aim to help clients feel seen and heard.
(301) 288-1276 View (301) 288-1276
Photo of David J Cruzan, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Clarksburg, MD
David J Cruzan
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, MS, LCPC, SRT, CSAT
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Urbana, MD 21704
Things have a way of not working out the way they we thought they would. The stories of our lives begin in the families we are given with all of their foibles and experiences. Pages that become chapters of pain, trauma or loss can engulf the one that feels trapped in the narrative. After a plot twist of epic proportions, I left a 16-year career in the intelligence community and began a new chapter. I’ve had to confront the sources, rewrite the narrative, consult the author and find myself in the pages. The refinement process can be a horrific one but in the truth, freedom is found. Together, we can find healing.
Things have a way of not working out the way they we thought they would. The stories of our lives begin in the families we are given with all of their foibles and experiences. Pages that become chapters of pain, trauma or loss can engulf the one that feels trapped in the narrative. After a plot twist of epic proportions, I left a 16-year career in the intelligence community and began a new chapter. I’ve had to confront the sources, rewrite the narrative, consult the author and find myself in the pages. The refinement process can be a horrific one but in the truth, freedom is found. Together, we can find healing.
(301) 327-2020 View (301) 327-2020
Photo of Madeline Hays Sharp, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Clarksburg, MD
Madeline Hays Sharp
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
Gaithersburg, MD 20878
Are you feeling stuck and wanting to make a shift to find more happiness and contentment? Seeking help can be challenging, yet so important for healing. Sometimes life gently encourages us to step into change and other times it can be forceful in its approach. I am here to walk along side you through your journey, supporting you by highlighting your strengths and working with you to find the best path towards healing. I am a compassionate, warm, genuine, and caring professional who honors the entire spectrum of human experience. I believe in creating a non-judgmental, safe, and authentic therapeutic relationship to support healing.
Are you feeling stuck and wanting to make a shift to find more happiness and contentment? Seeking help can be challenging, yet so important for healing. Sometimes life gently encourages us to step into change and other times it can be forceful in its approach. I am here to walk along side you through your journey, supporting you by highlighting your strengths and working with you to find the best path towards healing. I am a compassionate, warm, genuine, and caring professional who honors the entire spectrum of human experience. I believe in creating a non-judgmental, safe, and authentic therapeutic relationship to support healing.
(240) 261-0735 View (240) 261-0735
Photo of Graciela Bilis, Licensed Professional Counselor in Clarksburg, MD
Graciela Bilis
Licensed Professional Counselor, MS, MEd, LPC-VA, LC-MD, NCC
Verified Verified
Gaithersburg, MD 20879  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
MRS. BILIS, MS, MEd, Director of Ominis, a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor an​d a Certified Meditation Instructor, practices Integrative Counseling, an approach that ​ takes into consideration both mind and body to reach wellness.​ Mrs. Bilis offers a multi-dimensional analysis and treatment plan uniquely designed for each individual. ​​This approach includes the best and proven Eastern and Western modalities ​and​ practical life skills and resources to individuals, couples, and families to help them achieve optimum mind, body, and spiritual harmony in their lives and their environment.
MRS. BILIS, MS, MEd, Director of Ominis, a Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor an​d a Certified Meditation Instructor, practices Integrative Counseling, an approach that ​ takes into consideration both mind and body to reach wellness.​ Mrs. Bilis offers a multi-dimensional analysis and treatment plan uniquely designed for each individual. ​​This approach includes the best and proven Eastern and Western modalities ​and​ practical life skills and resources to individuals, couples, and families to help them achieve optimum mind, body, and spiritual harmony in their lives and their environment.
View
Photo of Dr. Leda Kaveh, Psychologist in Clarksburg, MD
Dr. Leda Kaveh
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Gaithersburg, MD 20878
Dr. Kaveh is the owner/director of Washington Psychological Wellness. Dr. Kaveh is passionate about helping people live the lives they have envisioned by bringing values of honesty, kindness, humor & compassion to the practice. She works to inspire change, create greater self-awareness & improve one's life. She provides a comfortable and collaborative environment in which you can take risks and explore different ways of thinking, feeling & being. Her aim is to help you gain clarity about the underlying causes of your problems, provide strategies to help you cope & empower you to trust your inner voice & live each day authentically.
Dr. Kaveh is the owner/director of Washington Psychological Wellness. Dr. Kaveh is passionate about helping people live the lives they have envisioned by bringing values of honesty, kindness, humor & compassion to the practice. She works to inspire change, create greater self-awareness & improve one's life. She provides a comfortable and collaborative environment in which you can take risks and explore different ways of thinking, feeling & being. Her aim is to help you gain clarity about the underlying causes of your problems, provide strategies to help you cope & empower you to trust your inner voice & live each day authentically.
(240) 209-9124 View (240) 209-9124
Photo of Joan Moore, Psychological Associate in Clarksburg, MD
Joan Moore
Psychological Associate, PsyD, MA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Gaithersburg, MD 20878
Dr. Joan Moore (she/her) has a passion for helping people navigate the complexities of life and strives to assist them with reaching their personal goals. Joan uses a cognitive behavioral, trauma-informed, and integrative approach to help individuals and couples explore their thoughts, emotions, and life experiences. Joan is particularly interested in working with survivors of trauma, adults, couples, adolescents and their families, and individuals from marginalized communities. She takes a strengths-based, trauma-informed approach, recognizing the impact systemic oppression and stigma can have on a person's wellbeing.
Dr. Joan Moore (she/her) has a passion for helping people navigate the complexities of life and strives to assist them with reaching their personal goals. Joan uses a cognitive behavioral, trauma-informed, and integrative approach to help individuals and couples explore their thoughts, emotions, and life experiences. Joan is particularly interested in working with survivors of trauma, adults, couples, adolescents and their families, and individuals from marginalized communities. She takes a strengths-based, trauma-informed approach, recognizing the impact systemic oppression and stigma can have on a person's wellbeing.
(301) 381-2194 View (301) 381-2194
Photo of Samuel W Cooper, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Clarksburg, MD
Samuel W Cooper
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Gaithersburg, MD 20878
Samuel Cooper (he/him/they) is a Licensed Master Social Worker, meditation teacher, and yogi. He practices from a trauma-sensitive foundation of pancultural spirituality and eclectic theory, and believes that therapy must be creative, fluid, and collaborative in order to meet the unique and changing needs of each client. No matter how big or small the issues we face, no matter how deep or wide the questions we ask, he believes that each of us contains the power to move towards insight, growth, authenticity, and healing. Sam’s work is ultimately dedicated to the flourishing of all beings.
Samuel Cooper (he/him/they) is a Licensed Master Social Worker, meditation teacher, and yogi. He practices from a trauma-sensitive foundation of pancultural spirituality and eclectic theory, and believes that therapy must be creative, fluid, and collaborative in order to meet the unique and changing needs of each client. No matter how big or small the issues we face, no matter how deep or wide the questions we ask, he believes that each of us contains the power to move towards insight, growth, authenticity, and healing. Sam’s work is ultimately dedicated to the flourishing of all beings.
(301) 358-4675 View (301) 358-4675
Photo of Better Mental Health Services, Counselor in Clarksburg, MD
Better Mental Health Services
Counselor, LCPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Frederick, MD 21701
As of 4/13/24, multiple openings in Frederick & Rockville with new therapists... Welcome! I’m so glad you're here. I believe most people can benefit from the support of a nurturing, therapeutic environment. I’ve never met anyone who has said they have too much support in their life. I would be honored if you allow me into your life, and we can work toward developing the support you need.
As of 4/13/24, multiple openings in Frederick & Rockville with new therapists... Welcome! I’m so glad you're here. I believe most people can benefit from the support of a nurturing, therapeutic environment. I’ve never met anyone who has said they have too much support in their life. I would be honored if you allow me into your life, and we can work toward developing the support you need.
(202) 779-3916 View (202) 779-3916
Photo of Chia-May C Dougherty, Counselor in Clarksburg, MD
Chia-May C Dougherty
Counselor, PhD, LCPC, LPC, NCC, BC-TMH
Verified Verified
Gaithersburg, MD 20877  (Online Only)
We, as human beings, have our habitual way to think, feel, and behave which may not always help us cope well. We may feel stuck in the past, fearful for the unknown future, and not being able to be present in the moment. Yet, the present is the only time that we can do something to make a change and feel better. We can stop struggling and begin to practice acceptance and grow through our experiences. In the practice of mindfulness, we are able to observe and become aware of the attachment to our habitual pattern of unhelpful thoughts and be present in the now moment by cultivating a non-judgmental mind and a new beginner's mind.
We, as human beings, have our habitual way to think, feel, and behave which may not always help us cope well. We may feel stuck in the past, fearful for the unknown future, and not being able to be present in the moment. Yet, the present is the only time that we can do something to make a change and feel better. We can stop struggling and begin to practice acceptance and grow through our experiences. In the practice of mindfulness, we are able to observe and become aware of the attachment to our habitual pattern of unhelpful thoughts and be present in the now moment by cultivating a non-judgmental mind and a new beginner's mind.
(240) 453-4343 View (240) 453-4343
Photo of Terry Johnson, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Clarksburg, MD
Terry Johnson
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Gaithersburg, MD 20878  (Online Only)
*** CURRENTLY ACCEPTING NEW CLIENTS*** Terry Johnson, LCPC, NCC, is a Nationally Board Certified Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Maryland & North Carolina. Terry earned his Master’s degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from the University of North Carolina. Terry has extensive experience working with children, adolescents, couples, & families. He takes an integrative approach to therapy utilizing various clinical techniques & interventions to assist clients in obtaining their personal, professional, & emotional goals.
*** CURRENTLY ACCEPTING NEW CLIENTS*** Terry Johnson, LCPC, NCC, is a Nationally Board Certified Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Maryland & North Carolina. Terry earned his Master’s degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling from the University of North Carolina. Terry has extensive experience working with children, adolescents, couples, & families. He takes an integrative approach to therapy utilizing various clinical techniques & interventions to assist clients in obtaining their personal, professional, & emotional goals.
(240) 266-0534 View (240) 266-0534
Photo of Benjamin L Schwinke, Counselor in Clarksburg, MD
Benjamin L Schwinke
Counselor, LCPC, CRC, BCN
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Gaithersburg, MD 20877
Thank you for visiting my profile! I am the founder of Maryland Integrative Counseling Associates (MICA), an outpatient mental health practice with offices in Rockville and Frederick. Each therapist at MICA has their own specialty area, and mine is helping teens and adults with anxiety, trauma and attention disorders. I often find it helpful to add Neurofeedback to traditional talk-therapy for these and other problem areas.
Thank you for visiting my profile! I am the founder of Maryland Integrative Counseling Associates (MICA), an outpatient mental health practice with offices in Rockville and Frederick. Each therapist at MICA has their own specialty area, and mine is helping teens and adults with anxiety, trauma and attention disorders. I often find it helpful to add Neurofeedback to traditional talk-therapy for these and other problem areas.
(301) 861-4737 View (301) 861-4737
Chronic Pain Therapists

How does chronic pain therapy work?

Engaging with a psychotherapist to help treat chronic pain does not mean that one’s pain is all in their head. Therapy for chronic-pain patients has been shown to benefit both the mind and the body, targeting physical symptoms and increasing daily functioning. In other words, for many, addressing their emotional health through therapy affects their physical health. A therapist can help a client challenge unhelpful thoughts about pain and develop new ways to respond to it, such as distraction or calming breathing techniques. Studies have found that therapy can be as effective as surgery for certain cases of chronic pain and many doctors recommend trying psychotherapy in advance of considering invasive surgery.

What are the most effective treatment options for chronic pain?

Stress, anxiety, depression, catastrophizing, ruminating, lack of activity, and social withdrawal all make chronic pain worse. Addressing these issues, research shows, can help people gain control over their pain symptoms. Therapeutic approaches such as cognitive behavioral therapy, biofeedback, and mindfulness-based stress reduction, along with greater pain-management education, have been found to help people reduce fear and disability.

Are there new treatments for chronic pain?

Many cases of chronic pain, particularly those involving back pain, remain medically unexplained. But there is evidence that changes in the brain or nervous system are caused by previous physical ailments such as tissue damage; in such cases, the brain may continue to send out pain signals despite the physical cause having healed. To aid patients under these circumstances, a recently developed treatment known as pain reprocessing therapy (PRT) is designed to help the brain “unlearn” this response. A PRT practitioner helps individuals to reduce the “threat value” of their ongoing pain signals until they can reappraise them as less threatening and fear-inducing. They also help an individual to develop new emotional regulation skills.

How long does therapy for chronic pain take?

There is no set timeline for recovery from chronic pain, especially as there may be a range of physical and psychological causes for any individual’s discomfort, but most patients should expect to see a therapist for a number of weeks or months, typically spanning at least 12 sessions. Studies of pain reprocessing therapy found that many individuals’ experience of pain lessened in eight sessions over four weeks.