Therapists in Baltimore, MD

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Photo of OHV-Mental Health Clinic, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Baltimore, MD
OHV-Mental Health Clinic
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Baltimore, MD 21215
I work with patients that need mental health and drug addiction challenges in the area of psychotherapy needs.
I work with patients that need mental health and drug addiction challenges in the area of psychotherapy needs.
(410) 267-4208 View (410) 267-4208
Photo of Eyitayo Enitan, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Baltimore, MD
Eyitayo Enitan
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
Baltimore, MD 21217
Here everyone is valued; I provide a safe, nurturing and secure environment for exploration, for doing soul work. My desire is that the client realizes her potential for creating the life that she deeply desires. Whether she feels stuck in pain, is wresting with a problem, is committed to healing an addiction, or would like to shed shame and release guilt, she will find hope here.
Here everyone is valued; I provide a safe, nurturing and secure environment for exploration, for doing soul work. My desire is that the client realizes her potential for creating the life that she deeply desires. Whether she feels stuck in pain, is wresting with a problem, is committed to healing an addiction, or would like to shed shame and release guilt, she will find hope here.
(443) 681-9937 View (443) 681-9937
Photo of Melissa Huang, Counselor in Baltimore, MD
Melissa Huang
Counselor, LGPC
Verified Verified
Baltimore, MD 21209
Melissa Huang (she/her) is a holistic psychotherapist that specializes in individuals who are experiencing chronic treatment resistant depression, anxiety, and PTSD. Melissa is especially passionate about helping individuals who are experiencing transitions, grief, isolation, or relationship issues. Melissa guides clients in tapping into their own intuitive wisdom and experience feelings of empowerment, connection, and freedom. She is passionate about helping clients foster high self confidence, creativity, and autonomy.
Melissa Huang (she/her) is a holistic psychotherapist that specializes in individuals who are experiencing chronic treatment resistant depression, anxiety, and PTSD. Melissa is especially passionate about helping individuals who are experiencing transitions, grief, isolation, or relationship issues. Melissa guides clients in tapping into their own intuitive wisdom and experience feelings of empowerment, connection, and freedom. She is passionate about helping clients foster high self confidence, creativity, and autonomy.
(443) 565-6832 View (443) 565-6832
Photo of Anastazyia Vareschi, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Baltimore, MD
Anastazyia Vareschi
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Baltimore, MD 21201  (Online Only)
Accepting new clients in 2024! I work with those seeking to improve their quality of life and relationships. You may have experienced early life trauma you find is keeping you “stuck” and are highly motivated to develop tools and coping skills to process and manage trauma’s impact to lead a fuller life.
Accepting new clients in 2024! I work with those seeking to improve their quality of life and relationships. You may have experienced early life trauma you find is keeping you “stuck” and are highly motivated to develop tools and coping skills to process and manage trauma’s impact to lead a fuller life.
(240) 534-1668 View (240) 534-1668
Photo of Robert Schreur, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Baltimore, MD
Robert Schreur
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC, PhD-Lit
Verified Verified
Baltimore, MD 21239  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Psychotherapy is about listening. As a therapist I strive to listen with compassion and depth to help my clients hear their own voices of change and healing. How I understand psychotherapy to work is best expressed by Simone Weil: "Those who are unhappy have no need for anything in this world but people capable of giving them their attention. The capacity to give one's attention to a sufferer is a very rare and difficult thing; it is almost a miracle; it is a miracle." I surely cannot do miracles! But together with my clients I have watched miracles happen.
Psychotherapy is about listening. As a therapist I strive to listen with compassion and depth to help my clients hear their own voices of change and healing. How I understand psychotherapy to work is best expressed by Simone Weil: "Those who are unhappy have no need for anything in this world but people capable of giving them their attention. The capacity to give one's attention to a sufferer is a very rare and difficult thing; it is almost a miracle; it is a miracle." I surely cannot do miracles! But together with my clients I have watched miracles happen.
(410) 489-1678 View (410) 489-1678
Photo of Jessica David, Psychologist in Baltimore, MD
Jessica David
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Baltimore, MD 21210
Often, we have the desire and motivation to change, but we don’t know how to get started. It can be helpful to have support that provides opportunities for exploration, creativity, and increased self-awareness along our journeys. That’s exactly where I come in. I’m a Black, queer, able-bodied ciswoman who is passionate about supporting you as you navigate your journey of self-exploration, growth, and discovery. I strive to create a warm and safe therapeutic environment that affirms and celebrates all of your identities. My approach to testing is rooted in empathy, connection, and collaboration. NOT offering therapy at this time.
Often, we have the desire and motivation to change, but we don’t know how to get started. It can be helpful to have support that provides opportunities for exploration, creativity, and increased self-awareness along our journeys. That’s exactly where I come in. I’m a Black, queer, able-bodied ciswoman who is passionate about supporting you as you navigate your journey of self-exploration, growth, and discovery. I strive to create a warm and safe therapeutic environment that affirms and celebrates all of your identities. My approach to testing is rooted in empathy, connection, and collaboration. NOT offering therapy at this time.
(410) 929-3159 View (410) 929-3159
Photo of Jen Hodo-Powell, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Baltimore, MD
Jen Hodo-Powell
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Baltimore, MD 21211  (Online Only)
I have a collaborative and integrative approach to therapy that builds on each individual's inherent strengths, respecting self-determination, and being mindful of the impact of intersectional identities on mental health. I work to provide affirming and generative care with warmth and humor.
I have a collaborative and integrative approach to therapy that builds on each individual's inherent strengths, respecting self-determination, and being mindful of the impact of intersectional identities on mental health. I work to provide affirming and generative care with warmth and humor.
(410) 807-3445 View (410) 807-3445
Photo of Danielle Black, Pre-Licensed Professional in Baltimore, MD
Danielle Black
Pre-Licensed Professional
Verified Verified
Baltimore, MD 21224
Not accepting new clients
I am deeply passionate about the liberation of marginalized people and believe that we are deserving of joy, of rest, of pleasure, and of being our whole selves. As a clinician, I center laughter, your passions, patience, silence, and honesty. I offer a collaborative and empathic approach to support you in navigating life’s challenges. In sessions, we can work together to create a safe and open therapeutic relationship to explore who you are, to understand how your contexts shape your experiences, and to reach your goals. ​
I am deeply passionate about the liberation of marginalized people and believe that we are deserving of joy, of rest, of pleasure, and of being our whole selves. As a clinician, I center laughter, your passions, patience, silence, and honesty. I offer a collaborative and empathic approach to support you in navigating life’s challenges. In sessions, we can work together to create a safe and open therapeutic relationship to explore who you are, to understand how your contexts shape your experiences, and to reach your goals. ​
(410) 403-3144 View (410) 403-3144
Photo of The Center for Therapeutic Change, LLC, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Baltimore, MD
The Center for Therapeutic Change, LLC
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C, TFCBT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Baltimore, MD 21211
Mental health encompasses emotional, psychological and social well-being. It is important at every stage of life, as it can make daily routines and tasks challenging. Often, individuals are unaware of how their experiences are connected to their mental health, or unable to focus on those connections. Untreated mental health can increase unhealthy coping skills, dysfunctional relationships, low self-esteem, and unreached goals. Many individuals want stability, understanding and happiness. Having a supportive, therapeutic relationship can cultivate both personal and mental health goals.
Mental health encompasses emotional, psychological and social well-being. It is important at every stage of life, as it can make daily routines and tasks challenging. Often, individuals are unaware of how their experiences are connected to their mental health, or unable to focus on those connections. Untreated mental health can increase unhealthy coping skills, dysfunctional relationships, low self-esteem, and unreached goals. Many individuals want stability, understanding and happiness. Having a supportive, therapeutic relationship can cultivate both personal and mental health goals.
(410) 755-5773 View (410) 755-5773
Photo of Ashley L Fadiora, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Baltimore, MD
Ashley L Fadiora
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C, CCTP
Verified Verified
Baltimore, MD 21239
Ashley Fadiora, LCSW-C is a Baltimore based Clinician who combines her urban upbringing, love for people, love of culture/diversity. She merges this background in with her formal education and training; as she seamlessly works to form therapeutic and supportive relationships with the clients that she serves. Ashley carries more than 15 years of experience in the field of Behavioral Health. She is a Licensed Certified Social Worker -Clinical by the Maryland Board of Social Work Examiners. She is also a Certified Clinical Trauma Professional, Board Approved Clinical Supervisor, & member of the Black Mental Health Alliance.
Ashley Fadiora, LCSW-C is a Baltimore based Clinician who combines her urban upbringing, love for people, love of culture/diversity. She merges this background in with her formal education and training; as she seamlessly works to form therapeutic and supportive relationships with the clients that she serves. Ashley carries more than 15 years of experience in the field of Behavioral Health. She is a Licensed Certified Social Worker -Clinical by the Maryland Board of Social Work Examiners. She is also a Certified Clinical Trauma Professional, Board Approved Clinical Supervisor, & member of the Black Mental Health Alliance.
(443) 599-6280 View (443) 599-6280
Photo of Bina Weiss, Marriage & Family Therapist in Baltimore, MD
Bina Weiss
Marriage & Family Therapist, LCMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Baltimore, MD 21209
Life can be overwhelming, with many challenges. I believe that knowledge and clarity are the key elements when confronting challenges in life and in relationships. I work with my clients to develop a clear self-awareness about their role in life and how they function in different situations. My objective is to help the clients understand themselves, their actions, and their motivations. Throughout the session, I create a warm and supportive atmosphere that feels safe and secure, allowing the clients to work through their challenges with comfort. I work well with individuals, couples, parenting and singles who are navigating dating.
Life can be overwhelming, with many challenges. I believe that knowledge and clarity are the key elements when confronting challenges in life and in relationships. I work with my clients to develop a clear self-awareness about their role in life and how they function in different situations. My objective is to help the clients understand themselves, their actions, and their motivations. Throughout the session, I create a warm and supportive atmosphere that feels safe and secure, allowing the clients to work through their challenges with comfort. I work well with individuals, couples, parenting and singles who are navigating dating.
(323) 430-9224 View (323) 430-9224
Photo of Marlon Tinker, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Baltimore, MD
Marlon Tinker
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C, LCADS
Verified Verified
Baltimore, MD 21216
Sometimes in life you encounter problems that overwhelm your ability to cope. The experience can leave you feeling desperate, lonely, and stressed out. I provide a caring and non-judgmental place for you to talk about what is troubling you. I will help you identify the problem, explore solutions, and implement a change plan. I can't promise a perfect life, but I can engage you in a collaborative work alliance where you will have the opportunity to tap into your own power source, identify personal strengths and environmental resources, and identify and implement a plan to not only cope but also to thrive.
Sometimes in life you encounter problems that overwhelm your ability to cope. The experience can leave you feeling desperate, lonely, and stressed out. I provide a caring and non-judgmental place for you to talk about what is troubling you. I will help you identify the problem, explore solutions, and implement a change plan. I can't promise a perfect life, but I can engage you in a collaborative work alliance where you will have the opportunity to tap into your own power source, identify personal strengths and environmental resources, and identify and implement a plan to not only cope but also to thrive.
(410) 709-3886 View (410) 709-3886
Photo of Brenden Stinson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Baltimore, MD
Brenden Stinson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Baltimore, MD 21202
For me, there is no ideal client. To some extent, everyone is on a spectrum of depression and anxiety, and I seek to work with clients who need assistance becoming oriented toward improvement. I have personal and professional experience and understand how difficult it is to find someone patient enough to grow alongside a client through the therapeutic process. I want to work alongside you to help you live a happy, meaningful life with these conditions.
For me, there is no ideal client. To some extent, everyone is on a spectrum of depression and anxiety, and I seek to work with clients who need assistance becoming oriented toward improvement. I have personal and professional experience and understand how difficult it is to find someone patient enough to grow alongside a client through the therapeutic process. I want to work alongside you to help you live a happy, meaningful life with these conditions.
(443) 232-9629 View (443) 232-9629
Photo of Taylor Ivana Seaton, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Baltimore, MD
Taylor Ivana Seaton
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Baltimore, MD 21201
As a therapist, I strive to provide a safe and thriving environment that aids individuals and families in the ability to navigate through life’s stressors. My goal as a therapist is to assist the consumers in exploring their own thoughts, feelings and emotions— while considering their own interactions with people, places and things. As a therapist I aim to assist the consumers in discovering something new about themselves; while developing a new sense of awareness pertaining to self and/or possible disruptive behavioral patterns.
As a therapist, I strive to provide a safe and thriving environment that aids individuals and families in the ability to navigate through life’s stressors. My goal as a therapist is to assist the consumers in exploring their own thoughts, feelings and emotions— while considering their own interactions with people, places and things. As a therapist I aim to assist the consumers in discovering something new about themselves; while developing a new sense of awareness pertaining to self and/or possible disruptive behavioral patterns.
(667) 222-2931 View (667) 222-2931
Photo of Kim Yost, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor in Baltimore, MD
Kim Yost
Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor, LCPC, JD
Verified Verified
Baltimore, MD 21210
Not accepting new clients
As a sex therapist, I specialize in treating all sexual issues. These often include relationship challenges and sexual problems such as lack of desire/low libido, difficulty with arousal, erections, premature ejaculation and trouble reaching orgasm. Anxiety about sexual performance, lost intimacy, sexual abuse, infidelity, menopause, illness and aging can also interfere with sexual satisfaction. Sex therapy may address problematic or illegal sexual behaviors, sexual compulsivity, paraphilias and fetishes. Clients can benefit from exploring issues surrounding sexual orientation, gender identity, asexuality, polyamory and kink.
As a sex therapist, I specialize in treating all sexual issues. These often include relationship challenges and sexual problems such as lack of desire/low libido, difficulty with arousal, erections, premature ejaculation and trouble reaching orgasm. Anxiety about sexual performance, lost intimacy, sexual abuse, infidelity, menopause, illness and aging can also interfere with sexual satisfaction. Sex therapy may address problematic or illegal sexual behaviors, sexual compulsivity, paraphilias and fetishes. Clients can benefit from exploring issues surrounding sexual orientation, gender identity, asexuality, polyamory and kink.
(629) 206-1538 View (629) 206-1538
Photo of Melinda Maule, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Baltimore, MD
Melinda Maule
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Baltimore, MD 21211
Why does it always feel like my fault? Why can't I let go of the past? What does making a difference even mean when there's so much suffering in the world? These are some of the most difficult questions that plague us; that drive the tightness in our chest, the tension our jaw, the churning in our stomach. However, our minds, bodies, and communities also have incredibly resilient ways of adapting. In therapy, I help clients understand and leverage the ways their minds and bodies react to regain control of their lives.
Why does it always feel like my fault? Why can't I let go of the past? What does making a difference even mean when there's so much suffering in the world? These are some of the most difficult questions that plague us; that drive the tightness in our chest, the tension our jaw, the churning in our stomach. However, our minds, bodies, and communities also have incredibly resilient ways of adapting. In therapy, I help clients understand and leverage the ways their minds and bodies react to regain control of their lives.
(443) 232-2630 View (443) 232-2630
Photo of Naomi Goldstick Rosner, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Baltimore, MD
Naomi Goldstick Rosner
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
Baltimore, MD 21209  (Online Only)
No one gets through life without some degree of pain and suffering. Whether you are dealing with life long issues, or have suddenly found yourself struggling, you will find I provide a safe, supportive, and nurturing therapeutic setting where we can work together to help you resolve problems, gain insight, learn skills, and make changes for the better. My background includes therapy work at the Intensive Outpatient Program for adults in crisis at Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center in the Community Psychiatry Program where I conducted both individual and group therapy.
No one gets through life without some degree of pain and suffering. Whether you are dealing with life long issues, or have suddenly found yourself struggling, you will find I provide a safe, supportive, and nurturing therapeutic setting where we can work together to help you resolve problems, gain insight, learn skills, and make changes for the better. My background includes therapy work at the Intensive Outpatient Program for adults in crisis at Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center in the Community Psychiatry Program where I conducted both individual and group therapy.
(443) 251-4189 View (443) 251-4189
Photo of Erin Atkinson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Baltimore, MD
Erin Atkinson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C, RYT-200, CMHIMP
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
Baltimore, MD 21211  (Online Only)
I know that you have a "pretty good" life. Perhaps you have done some work in therapy before, and things are finally stable. Yet, you sometimes feel like you are playing a part, rather than embracing and expressing your authentic self. You may feel uncomfortable in your own skin, self-conscious, or like you are not "enough." You may struggle to find your authentic voice and honor your values in your relationships or career. Life circumstances, societal pressures, past trauma, depression, and anxiety can all create obstacles to experiencing inner peace, trust, and confidence.
I know that you have a "pretty good" life. Perhaps you have done some work in therapy before, and things are finally stable. Yet, you sometimes feel like you are playing a part, rather than embracing and expressing your authentic self. You may feel uncomfortable in your own skin, self-conscious, or like you are not "enough." You may struggle to find your authentic voice and honor your values in your relationships or career. Life circumstances, societal pressures, past trauma, depression, and anxiety can all create obstacles to experiencing inner peace, trust, and confidence.
(667) 206-3646 View (667) 206-3646
Photo of Tamara L. Baker, Psychologist in Baltimore, MD
Tamara L. Baker
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Baltimore, MD 21208
Tamara L. Baker is a Licensed Psychologist in Maryland who has been practicing since 1994. She has extensive expertise in treating anxiety disorders with EMDR, geriatrics, and assessing dementia. She has worked in college counseling centers, private practice, and long-term care settings. Tamara is a holistic psychologist, which means that she will see you as a complex, dynamic, emotional, and spiritual being who is always growing and evolving. Working with Tamara may start with a particular “problem,” which could be addressed with a synthesis of EMDR, interpersonal, humanistic, mind-body practices, and/or cognitive approaches.
Tamara L. Baker is a Licensed Psychologist in Maryland who has been practicing since 1994. She has extensive expertise in treating anxiety disorders with EMDR, geriatrics, and assessing dementia. She has worked in college counseling centers, private practice, and long-term care settings. Tamara is a holistic psychologist, which means that she will see you as a complex, dynamic, emotional, and spiritual being who is always growing and evolving. Working with Tamara may start with a particular “problem,” which could be addressed with a synthesis of EMDR, interpersonal, humanistic, mind-body practices, and/or cognitive approaches.
(443) 323-1836 View (443) 323-1836
Photo of Emily Love, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Baltimore, MD
Emily Love
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW-C
Verified Verified
Baltimore, MD 21209
I provide individual therapy for children, adolescents, and adults as well as couples sessions. My main focuses are anxiety, depression, and mood disorders, though I help many clients with other disorders and concerns. I especially enjoy working with young adults navigating times of transition, social pressures, and stress.
I provide individual therapy for children, adolescents, and adults as well as couples sessions. My main focuses are anxiety, depression, and mood disorders, though I help many clients with other disorders and concerns. I especially enjoy working with young adults navigating times of transition, social pressures, and stress.
(443) 213-0113 View (443) 213-0113

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Baltimore, MD

1,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Baltimore, MD who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
88% Depression
75% Self Esteem
73% Relationship Issues
69% Coping Skills
67% Stress
66% Trauma and PTSD

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

70% BlueCross and BlueShield
68% Cigna and Evernorth
68% CareFirst

How Therapists in Baltimore, MD see their clients

51% Online Only
49% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

78% Female
20% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Baltimore?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.