Therapists in San Francisco, CA

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Photo of Brightside Health, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Brightside Health
Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94131  (Online Only)
Brightside Health is an online mental health service delivering life-changing care for anxiety and depression from the comfort of home, with appointments available in as little as 24 hours. We provide personalized, data-driven psychiatry, evidence-based therapy, and continuous support from expert providers to help our members feel better and stay that way. At Brightside, we track your progress at every step so you and your provider can make informed decisions and adjust your care until it’s right for you.
Brightside Health is an online mental health service delivering life-changing care for anxiety and depression from the comfort of home, with appointments available in as little as 24 hours. We provide personalized, data-driven psychiatry, evidence-based therapy, and continuous support from expert providers to help our members feel better and stay that way. At Brightside, we track your progress at every step so you and your provider can make informed decisions and adjust your care until it’s right for you.
(415) 940-7386 View (415) 940-7386
Photo of Debra Miller, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Debra Miller
Marriage & Family Therapist, RN, MFT, LPCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94115  (Online Only)
"The more aspects of myself I am given the freedom to know and live without reacting to as right or wrong, good or bad, the more I can witness all the elements of who I am and the healthier I am" ---Diane Shainberg. As a psychotherapist, I practice with the belief that therapy can be a rich and vital exploration into understanding the deepest parts of ourselves.The parts we cherish as well as the parts we want to change.
"The more aspects of myself I am given the freedom to know and live without reacting to as right or wrong, good or bad, the more I can witness all the elements of who I am and the healthier I am" ---Diane Shainberg. As a psychotherapist, I practice with the belief that therapy can be a rich and vital exploration into understanding the deepest parts of ourselves.The parts we cherish as well as the parts we want to change.
(415) 347-5972 View (415) 347-5972
Photo of Liza T. Jones, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Liza T. Jones
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, PsyD, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94117
“Living Beautifully with Uncertainty” is a daily mantra I live by. As a veteran who has lived a life of service, our PATHs colliding is not by chance. Being no stranger to hard work or life struggles, I bring the whole body-mind healing process to every encounter. How can I assist? Are you ready to shift and change to be the best version of yourself? Are you tired of struggling with the same patterns and negative self-doubt? Well, welcome to your new supportive environment, I am here to motivate, support, and encourage your healing. I provide an inviting and supportive space to grow and reach one’s own true potential.
“Living Beautifully with Uncertainty” is a daily mantra I live by. As a veteran who has lived a life of service, our PATHs colliding is not by chance. Being no stranger to hard work or life struggles, I bring the whole body-mind healing process to every encounter. How can I assist? Are you ready to shift and change to be the best version of yourself? Are you tired of struggling with the same patterns and negative self-doubt? Well, welcome to your new supportive environment, I am here to motivate, support, and encourage your healing. I provide an inviting and supportive space to grow and reach one’s own true potential.
(628) 209-5472 View (628) 209-5472
Photo of Sheena Craig, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Sheena Craig
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94118
I currently work with adult and adolescent individuals and couples. The issues I deal with include depression and dysthymia, panic attacks, stress, generalized anxiety disorder, gender identity disorder, obsessions and compulsions, childhood sexual trauma, childhood physical abuse, grief and loss, relationship difficulties, communication conflict, commitment, intimacy, sexual difficulties, insecurity, trust, infidelity and social phobia.
I currently work with adult and adolescent individuals and couples. The issues I deal with include depression and dysthymia, panic attacks, stress, generalized anxiety disorder, gender identity disorder, obsessions and compulsions, childhood sexual trauma, childhood physical abuse, grief and loss, relationship difficulties, communication conflict, commitment, intimacy, sexual difficulties, insecurity, trust, infidelity and social phobia.
(415) 858-6152 View (415) 858-6152
Photo of Anna E. Howland, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Anna E. Howland
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94104
I lived in New York City for many years as a performing artist and body worker. My background as an actor and performer gives me a certain knack for working with those who have a creative bent. I have personal experience with the longings that come with artistic striving, but the reality is that my clients have a wide variety of careers, interests, and life stressors. I work with depression, anxiety, complex trauma, PTSD and more.
I lived in New York City for many years as a performing artist and body worker. My background as an actor and performer gives me a certain knack for working with those who have a creative bent. I have personal experience with the longings that come with artistic striving, but the reality is that my clients have a wide variety of careers, interests, and life stressors. I work with depression, anxiety, complex trauma, PTSD and more.
(415) 697-3712 View (415) 697-3712
Photo of Ifeyinwa A Nzerem, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Ifeyinwa A Nzerem
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94188  (Online Only)
Not accepting new clients
I specialize in Eating Disorders (primarily with Binge Eating Disorder and Obesity) to a culturally diverse population. I provide treatment for health & wellness lifestyle issues, family vs. blended family crises, anxiety & depression, binge eating, substance abuse/dependencies, employment challenges and loss & bereavement. I also provide community referrals and resources that will assist and support client's daily challenges and obstacles. I enjoy working with others and I am experience in treating families from all ethnic backgrounds with disadvantage, traumatic, and abusive histories.
I specialize in Eating Disorders (primarily with Binge Eating Disorder and Obesity) to a culturally diverse population. I provide treatment for health & wellness lifestyle issues, family vs. blended family crises, anxiety & depression, binge eating, substance abuse/dependencies, employment challenges and loss & bereavement. I also provide community referrals and resources that will assist and support client's daily challenges and obstacles. I enjoy working with others and I am experience in treating families from all ethnic backgrounds with disadvantage, traumatic, and abusive histories.
(415) 767-0743 View (415) 767-0743
Photo of John Kim, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
John Kim
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94105  (Online Only)
I treat depression, anxiety, couple conflicts, motivation issues, and career issues. I hope to help you get from getting by to getting well, to get from mere coping to full on thriving.
I treat depression, anxiety, couple conflicts, motivation issues, and career issues. I hope to help you get from getting by to getting well, to get from mere coping to full on thriving.
(415) 991-6471 View (415) 991-6471
Photo of Hannah LaDouceur, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Hannah LaDouceur
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94114
My passion is connecting through laughter and spontaneity.  I provide a warm, non-judgmental environment for clients to open up, be vulnerable, connect to their strengths, and deepen their understanding and awareness of themselves.  As a drama therapist, I bring a creative, playful approach to the work.  As adults, we are often socialized to neglect or abandon our creative, playful aspects.  Connecting to these parts of ourselves can provide us with insight and strengths, as well as highlight personal inner resources.
My passion is connecting through laughter and spontaneity.  I provide a warm, non-judgmental environment for clients to open up, be vulnerable, connect to their strengths, and deepen their understanding and awareness of themselves.  As a drama therapist, I bring a creative, playful approach to the work.  As adults, we are often socialized to neglect or abandon our creative, playful aspects.  Connecting to these parts of ourselves can provide us with insight and strengths, as well as highlight personal inner resources.
(415) 915-3523 View (415) 915-3523
Photo of Teressa Armstrong, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Teressa Armstrong
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94123
Everyone runs into trouble at some point in their life. When they do, they often benefit from talking to someone who isn't primarily their friend or member of their family, someone who is empathic, curious, non-judgmental, and relentlessly focused on helping you feel better. Therapy isn't a one-size-fits-all enterprise, but has to tailored to what you need. Whether it's about simply feeling less anxious or depressed, or mastering an inhibition or block you've had all your life, therapy can get you back on the track you once were on or want to be on.
Everyone runs into trouble at some point in their life. When they do, they often benefit from talking to someone who isn't primarily their friend or member of their family, someone who is empathic, curious, non-judgmental, and relentlessly focused on helping you feel better. Therapy isn't a one-size-fits-all enterprise, but has to tailored to what you need. Whether it's about simply feeling less anxious or depressed, or mastering an inhibition or block you've had all your life, therapy can get you back on the track you once were on or want to be on.
(415) 630-4514 View (415) 630-4514
Photo of Inaê Cintra Mattiazzi, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in San Francisco, CA
Inaê Cintra Mattiazzi
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94114  (Online Only)
Whatever you're struggling with, it can be really helpful to have someone by your side to figure it out. Together we can bring awareness to your patterns, emotional experience, and relational issues in order to give you more agency and empowerment. That is what therapy is to me- I believe you are the expert in your own life, and I am there to support you. My ideal client is anyone who is motivated to explore their inner world and connect to their sense of self through depth work and creative means.
Whatever you're struggling with, it can be really helpful to have someone by your side to figure it out. Together we can bring awareness to your patterns, emotional experience, and relational issues in order to give you more agency and empowerment. That is what therapy is to me- I believe you are the expert in your own life, and I am there to support you. My ideal client is anyone who is motivated to explore their inner world and connect to their sense of self through depth work and creative means.
(415) 737-6134 View (415) 737-6134
Photo of Annu Sood, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Annu Sood
Marriage & Family Therapist
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94103  (Online Only)
Hello! My name is Annu, and I am a therapist in San Francisco (and online). I work with immigrants and adult-children of immigrants....also known as Third Culture Kids (TCK) or First Generation Americans. I work with multi-cultural and multi-racial couples, many of whom are people of color. I work with successful, career-driven achievers. I belong to each of these demographics - my parents immigrated to the US in 1971, and I worked in the corporate world for nearly 2 decades, climbing the corporate ladder rapidly before pivoting my career by going back to school to study counseling psychology. I work virtually via Zoom or phone.
Hello! My name is Annu, and I am a therapist in San Francisco (and online). I work with immigrants and adult-children of immigrants....also known as Third Culture Kids (TCK) or First Generation Americans. I work with multi-cultural and multi-racial couples, many of whom are people of color. I work with successful, career-driven achievers. I belong to each of these demographics - my parents immigrated to the US in 1971, and I worked in the corporate world for nearly 2 decades, climbing the corporate ladder rapidly before pivoting my career by going back to school to study counseling psychology. I work virtually via Zoom or phone.
(415) 942-8008 View (415) 942-8008
Photo of Cary Ann Rosko, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Cary Ann Rosko
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94115  (Online Only)
It may be hard to believe, but our most troubling habits and patterns began as strategies that once helped us deal with challenging or even dangerous circumstances. The difficulties that feel burdensome to you now—rumination, self-defeating behaviors, problematic relationship dynamics, stubborn emotional cycles—actually helped you survive in the past. And because they helped you survive, it takes more than just understanding and willpower to unravel them—it takes deeper work that engages both the body and mind. I weave together multiple therapeutic modalities into an approach tailored to your needs, goals, and whole self.
It may be hard to believe, but our most troubling habits and patterns began as strategies that once helped us deal with challenging or even dangerous circumstances. The difficulties that feel burdensome to you now—rumination, self-defeating behaviors, problematic relationship dynamics, stubborn emotional cycles—actually helped you survive in the past. And because they helped you survive, it takes more than just understanding and willpower to unravel them—it takes deeper work that engages both the body and mind. I weave together multiple therapeutic modalities into an approach tailored to your needs, goals, and whole self.
(415) 769-3041 View (415) 769-3041
Photo of Leah Ehinger, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Leah Ehinger
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, ASW
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94122  (Online Only)
Are you a millennial woman navigating significant life changes like a new job, motherhood, or financial stressors? Do anxiety and debilitating thoughts hinder your well-being? Are self-critical thoughts blocking your goals? I specialize in supporting millennial women through these challenges, helping address fears, navigate anxiety, and foster self-compassion. By connecting with your body and addressing deep-seated emotions, we break free from intrusive thoughts. Together, we reprocess old belief systems, paving the way for a balanced and fulfilling life.
Are you a millennial woman navigating significant life changes like a new job, motherhood, or financial stressors? Do anxiety and debilitating thoughts hinder your well-being? Are self-critical thoughts blocking your goals? I specialize in supporting millennial women through these challenges, helping address fears, navigate anxiety, and foster self-compassion. By connecting with your body and addressing deep-seated emotions, we break free from intrusive thoughts. Together, we reprocess old belief systems, paving the way for a balanced and fulfilling life.
(415) 322-5709 View (415) 322-5709
Photo of Laurel Roberts-Meese, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Laurel Roberts-Meese
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94115  (Online Only)
I help driven professionals process trauma, decrease anxiety, and build better relationships. You've probably got a lot going on; your relationship is strained, demands on you at work are increasing, or the ways you used to cope don't seem to be working anymore. Whatever brings you to therapy, we can figure out a way to feel better together.
I help driven professionals process trauma, decrease anxiety, and build better relationships. You've probably got a lot going on; your relationship is strained, demands on you at work are increasing, or the ways you used to cope don't seem to be working anymore. Whatever brings you to therapy, we can figure out a way to feel better together.
(628) 216-2543 View (628) 216-2543
Photo of Scott D Altamirano, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Scott D Altamirano
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94103
Accepting clients Apr 2024. I help couples work their way through crisis events by helping them find their feet amist the chaos. My role is to help couples have difficult conversations. With my background is in probation/parole therapy, I bring strong elements of fairness, repair, and rehabilitation to couples who have faced injuries. Some topics I have strong experience in are: infidelity, bisexuality, addiction, codependency, anger management, emotional availability, parenting approach, and lack of sexual intimacy.
Accepting clients Apr 2024. I help couples work their way through crisis events by helping them find their feet amist the chaos. My role is to help couples have difficult conversations. With my background is in probation/parole therapy, I bring strong elements of fairness, repair, and rehabilitation to couples who have faced injuries. Some topics I have strong experience in are: infidelity, bisexuality, addiction, codependency, anger management, emotional availability, parenting approach, and lack of sexual intimacy.
(972) 945-7714 View (972) 945-7714
Photo of Aimee Evnin, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Aimee Evnin
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, MA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94112
Are you finding it challenging to connect intimately with yourself or your partner? Does your relationship with your body feel a bit distant these days? Perhaps you're yearning for a deeper, more satisfying understanding of your own sexuality? Does it seem like your desires for intimacy differ from those of your partner? Rest assured, you're not alone in these feelings and concerns. Most clients I support deal with these challenging narratives and begin to heal once they find a warm, welcoming, collaborative environment to learn, open up and connect to their inner selves.
Are you finding it challenging to connect intimately with yourself or your partner? Does your relationship with your body feel a bit distant these days? Perhaps you're yearning for a deeper, more satisfying understanding of your own sexuality? Does it seem like your desires for intimacy differ from those of your partner? Rest assured, you're not alone in these feelings and concerns. Most clients I support deal with these challenging narratives and begin to heal once they find a warm, welcoming, collaborative environment to learn, open up and connect to their inner selves.
(415) 326-1882 View (415) 326-1882
Photo of Amanda Ollis, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Amanda Ollis
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94105  (Online Only)
I believe growth happens through healthy relationships and the foundation of good therapeutic work is in the quality of the relationship we build together. I strive to bring warmth, honesty, and occasional humor to the therapeutic relationship. I understand my role as supporting your growth by working relationally to develop greater insight and understanding, while building skills that support healthy shifts in how you think, feel, and respond.
I believe growth happens through healthy relationships and the foundation of good therapeutic work is in the quality of the relationship we build together. I strive to bring warmth, honesty, and occasional humor to the therapeutic relationship. I understand my role as supporting your growth by working relationally to develop greater insight and understanding, while building skills that support healthy shifts in how you think, feel, and respond.
(415) 741-2727 View (415) 741-2727
Photo of Jiewen (Janice) Huang, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Jiewen (Janice) Huang
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, CGE
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94115
Waitlist for new clients
Depression and anxiety are some of the most common mental-health-related challenges that create difficult thoughts and feelings, which we can experience at some point in our lives. Through counseling and treatment, I am here to assist you in restrengthening/restoring/gaining motivation, perspective, and values in your life. Many individuals can experience symptoms associated with painful and traumatic circumstances. I can help you with gaining skills in coping with these symptoms and guide you through the process of grief and healing. My practice also focuses on anticipatory grief, normal grief, and complicated grief.
Depression and anxiety are some of the most common mental-health-related challenges that create difficult thoughts and feelings, which we can experience at some point in our lives. Through counseling and treatment, I am here to assist you in restrengthening/restoring/gaining motivation, perspective, and values in your life. Many individuals can experience symptoms associated with painful and traumatic circumstances. I can help you with gaining skills in coping with these symptoms and guide you through the process of grief and healing. My practice also focuses on anticipatory grief, normal grief, and complicated grief.
(415) 449-8155 View (415) 449-8155
Photo of Shawna Brevik, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Shawna Brevik
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94109  (Online Only)
Do you have trouble identifying why patterns keep repeating themselves in your life? Maybe you are someone who is longing for a deeper connection to self and the world around you. Perhaps you are a couple reading this looking for support in navigating some of human relationships most challenging conflicts, or it could be you're just looking to strengthen the relationship. Wherever your inquiry lies I am confident our work together can facilitate meaningful change.
Do you have trouble identifying why patterns keep repeating themselves in your life? Maybe you are someone who is longing for a deeper connection to self and the world around you. Perhaps you are a couple reading this looking for support in navigating some of human relationships most challenging conflicts, or it could be you're just looking to strengthen the relationship. Wherever your inquiry lies I am confident our work together can facilitate meaningful change.
(341) 766-0669 View (341) 766-0669
Photo of German Cheung, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
German Cheung
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94115
Everyone is unique. Your thoughts, feelings and needs are shaped by your own background, family history, past interpersonal encounters and other significant events, including early child trauma. Psychotherapy is an emotional process. As we discuss your concerns, it will surface unexamined parts of your life of which you may not be aware or want to experience. My central role as your therapist is to help you talk about and understand more fully these unexamined thoughts, feelings, and needs in the context of your past, develop greater understanding, tolerance and acceptance, and to bring changes to your current situation.
Everyone is unique. Your thoughts, feelings and needs are shaped by your own background, family history, past interpersonal encounters and other significant events, including early child trauma. Psychotherapy is an emotional process. As we discuss your concerns, it will surface unexamined parts of your life of which you may not be aware or want to experience. My central role as your therapist is to help you talk about and understand more fully these unexamined thoughts, feelings, and needs in the context of your past, develop greater understanding, tolerance and acceptance, and to bring changes to your current situation.
(415) 649-1916 View (415) 649-1916

See more therapy options for San Francisco

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in San Francisco, CA

3,000+

Average cost per session

$189

Therapists in San Francisco, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
87% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
75% Self Esteem
70% Trauma and PTSD
68% Stress
66% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

69% Aetna
55% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
54% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in San Francisco, CA see their clients

55% In Person and Online
45% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
23% Male
2% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in San Francisco?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.