Therapists in Oakland, CA

View neighborhoods in Oakland
Photo of Apryl 'avry' Todd, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Apryl 'avry' Todd
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94610  (Online Only)
I believe strongly in the power of healing though creating a safe, supportive, and non-judgmental space for you to explore your unique experience. My goal is to help you connect with your innate inner strengths, deepen self-understanding and insight, and build skills that foster healing and resilience. I provide short-term solution-focused counseling, as well as long-term in-depth therapy for adults seeking support around a variety of issues. My clients describe me as warm, engaging, and caring.
I believe strongly in the power of healing though creating a safe, supportive, and non-judgmental space for you to explore your unique experience. My goal is to help you connect with your innate inner strengths, deepen self-understanding and insight, and build skills that foster healing and resilience. I provide short-term solution-focused counseling, as well as long-term in-depth therapy for adults seeking support around a variety of issues. My clients describe me as warm, engaging, and caring.
(510) 824-8249 View (510) 824-8249
Photo of Christina Hourany, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Oakland, CA
Christina Hourany
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94609
If you are reading this, you have chosen to take the first step to healing. This decision is a demonstration of your resiliency, strength, and courage to be vulnerable, something to be immensely proud of. My therapeutic approach in working with individuals and couples is integrative. I recognize that no two persons are the same and that each person requires a treatment plan that is adapted to meet their needs. I recognize that experiences of trauma and pain are two unavoidable life experiences. However, I believe that there is a resiliency and strength inside each individual that supports a path of healing.
If you are reading this, you have chosen to take the first step to healing. This decision is a demonstration of your resiliency, strength, and courage to be vulnerable, something to be immensely proud of. My therapeutic approach in working with individuals and couples is integrative. I recognize that no two persons are the same and that each person requires a treatment plan that is adapted to meet their needs. I recognize that experiences of trauma and pain are two unavoidable life experiences. However, I believe that there is a resiliency and strength inside each individual that supports a path of healing.
(925) 701-9385 View (925) 701-9385
Photo of Alyson Erika Marlow, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Alyson Erika Marlow
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94610
Therapy is a process of inner healing and deep commitment to cultivating growth within yourself. In what ways do you need to be supported in order to grow into something more authentically you? I hold the following words as intentions and as anchors for grounding each therapy session for all my clients. Healing. Freedom. Love. Life can be beautiful again when you are brave enough to do the work within. I work with all ages including children, youth and adults.
Therapy is a process of inner healing and deep commitment to cultivating growth within yourself. In what ways do you need to be supported in order to grow into something more authentically you? I hold the following words as intentions and as anchors for grounding each therapy session for all my clients. Healing. Freedom. Love. Life can be beautiful again when you are brave enough to do the work within. I work with all ages including children, youth and adults.
(415) 949-1589 View (415) 949-1589
Photo of Carey Fritz, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Carey Fritz
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94602  (Online Only)
I imagine you may be feeling stuck and frustrated at this moment. I partner with my clients through empathy and listening, to help you garner deeper self-understanding. Often times this is enough to create real change. Other clients need to be held accountable and work together to create an action plan. Clients leave our sessions feeling heard, empowered, and more fulfilled. Our work is a place to be held accountable to the change you want for your life. Looking forward to supporting you.
I imagine you may be feeling stuck and frustrated at this moment. I partner with my clients through empathy and listening, to help you garner deeper self-understanding. Often times this is enough to create real change. Other clients need to be held accountable and work together to create an action plan. Clients leave our sessions feeling heard, empowered, and more fulfilled. Our work is a place to be held accountable to the change you want for your life. Looking forward to supporting you.
(510) 694-1959 View (510) 694-1959
Photo of Annie Leah Lesny, Associate Professional Clinical Counselor in Oakland, CA
Annie Leah Lesny
Associate Professional Clinical Counselor, APCC, MA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94610
I specialize in trauma-informed therapy for anxiety, depression, relational issues, childhood and lifespan trauma, and more. I understand that sometimes psychotherapy is sought out in a very challenging time of life, and I am here to offer support through that. I have specialized experience working with creatives of all kinds, in being a singer myself. With experience focusing on young adults as well, I offer guidance for the process of individuation that occurs during these formative years. I enjoy working with clients of all ages, ethnicities, abilities, gender identities, sexualities, and other intersectional identities.
I specialize in trauma-informed therapy for anxiety, depression, relational issues, childhood and lifespan trauma, and more. I understand that sometimes psychotherapy is sought out in a very challenging time of life, and I am here to offer support through that. I have specialized experience working with creatives of all kinds, in being a singer myself. With experience focusing on young adults as well, I offer guidance for the process of individuation that occurs during these formative years. I enjoy working with clients of all ages, ethnicities, abilities, gender identities, sexualities, and other intersectional identities.
(510) 296-3494 View (510) 296-3494
Photo of Mende Jung-Hsuan Chang, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Oakland, CA
Mende Jung-Hsuan Chang
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT, APCC
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94609
If you are dealing with anxiety, depression, stress, grief and loss, trauma, life transitions- whatever you may be going through in life, you don’t have to do it alone. I am here to support you. Let's work together to build tools to manage the stresses of life and explore the connection to your authentic expressions of self today.
If you are dealing with anxiety, depression, stress, grief and loss, trauma, life transitions- whatever you may be going through in life, you don’t have to do it alone. I am here to support you. Let's work together to build tools to manage the stresses of life and explore the connection to your authentic expressions of self today.
(415) 917-1678 View (415) 917-1678
Photo of Ebony Ellis, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Ebony Ellis
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94609  (Online Only)
I help people manage their mental health by creating a safe space to process difficult emotions because: "...being human's hard - on the boulevard." - André L. Benjamin
I help people manage their mental health by creating a safe space to process difficult emotions because: "...being human's hard - on the boulevard." - André L. Benjamin
(415) 316-1901 View (415) 316-1901
Photo of Khalida Bradford, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Khalida Bradford
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94612  (Online Only)
My practice specializes in helping people who are struggling with anxiety, depression, relationships, life transitions, grief & loss, and other life stressors. If you are trying to navigate these areas of life, I am confident that I have the experience to help you rediscover what brings happiness to your life. With therapy, there is always a way to address the issues you face and learn coping strategies to help you both right now and in the future.
My practice specializes in helping people who are struggling with anxiety, depression, relationships, life transitions, grief & loss, and other life stressors. If you are trying to navigate these areas of life, I am confident that I have the experience to help you rediscover what brings happiness to your life. With therapy, there is always a way to address the issues you face and learn coping strategies to help you both right now and in the future.
(510) 737-4950 View (510) 737-4950
Photo of Mary Mahood, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Mary Mahood
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94618
With over 25 years as a licensed therapist, I am a skilled and compassionate guide in helping people feel better, function better, and have more fulfilling relationships. I am able to understand people from multiple perspectives, how their family system has shaped them, how their attachment style impacts them, how their connections with others cause them joy and pain. I am very present in sessions and have an interactive style, giving direct feedback. You won't find me just listening and nodding, I am there to understand you and collaborate on a plan with you for meeting your goals.
With over 25 years as a licensed therapist, I am a skilled and compassionate guide in helping people feel better, function better, and have more fulfilling relationships. I am able to understand people from multiple perspectives, how their family system has shaped them, how their attachment style impacts them, how their connections with others cause them joy and pain. I am very present in sessions and have an interactive style, giving direct feedback. You won't find me just listening and nodding, I am there to understand you and collaborate on a plan with you for meeting your goals.
(510) 876-4307 View (510) 876-4307
Photo of Taryn L Smith, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Oakland, CA
Taryn L Smith
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, MFT
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94609
I am passionate about supporting creatives, artists, innovators and activists looking to break limiting patterns and cycles in their art, work, relationships and sex lives. In our sessions together we will explore ways to work through personal, creative and/or intimacy deadlocks, create and thrive while living in a world that often does not view your work/existence/desires as valid, manage symptoms of emotional overwhelm, creative fatigue, sexual shame and “imposter syndrome" and challenge habitual responses to help discover and reintroduce the parts of ourselves that may have been left behind, unexpressed, repressed or unexplored.
I am passionate about supporting creatives, artists, innovators and activists looking to break limiting patterns and cycles in their art, work, relationships and sex lives. In our sessions together we will explore ways to work through personal, creative and/or intimacy deadlocks, create and thrive while living in a world that often does not view your work/existence/desires as valid, manage symptoms of emotional overwhelm, creative fatigue, sexual shame and “imposter syndrome" and challenge habitual responses to help discover and reintroduce the parts of ourselves that may have been left behind, unexpressed, repressed or unexplored.
(510) 680-2650 View (510) 680-2650
Photo of Adriana N Taranta, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Adriana N Taranta
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MSW
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94610
Are you concerned about your child’s behavior? Are you struggling to understand what is happening for your child? Are you finding parenting overwhelming? I work with children and parents to help them make meaning of life’s challenges and work with children and parents, both individually and together. I bring more than twenty years of experience providing therapy, consultation, and assessments with children and their families to my clinical practice. I have experience working with children and families around many issues including, loss, attachment, adoption, anxiety, depression, atypical development, learning differences and trauma.
Are you concerned about your child’s behavior? Are you struggling to understand what is happening for your child? Are you finding parenting overwhelming? I work with children and parents to help them make meaning of life’s challenges and work with children and parents, both individually and together. I bring more than twenty years of experience providing therapy, consultation, and assessments with children and their families to my clinical practice. I have experience working with children and families around many issues including, loss, attachment, adoption, anxiety, depression, atypical development, learning differences and trauma.
(510) 661-3529 View (510) 661-3529
Photo of Ab (Abigail) Krumbein, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Oakland, CA
Ab (Abigail) Krumbein
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94609  (Online Only)
We all deserve to feel safe and connected. Sometimes, overwhelming things happen that prevent us from feeling safe and settled in the world. In therapy, we support the strengths that have helped you survive and grow your capacity to move towards the life you long for. Whatever you are experiencing, be that anxiety, depression, or the pain of trauma or oppression, together we will collaborate to tend to what hurts and to nurture the vitality that exists inside you.
We all deserve to feel safe and connected. Sometimes, overwhelming things happen that prevent us from feeling safe and settled in the world. In therapy, we support the strengths that have helped you survive and grow your capacity to move towards the life you long for. Whatever you are experiencing, be that anxiety, depression, or the pain of trauma or oppression, together we will collaborate to tend to what hurts and to nurture the vitality that exists inside you.
(510) 916-2753 View (510) 916-2753
Photo of Lili Nakita Kroutilina, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Lili Nakita Kroutilina
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT, MA, LMP
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94606  (Online Only)
Are you feeling stuck or overwhelmed in your life? Lost your sense of self and confidence? Confused by how to set boundaries and build healthy relationships? I am here for you! I can help you understand what is happening in your life and how you can heal, grow, and transform to be living the life you want. I have a trauma-informed, integrative style based on mindfulness, somatic psychology, ecotherapy, expressive arts, humanistic and transpersonal psychology, neuroscience, spirituality, and my background in holistic health, nutrition, massage, and fitness. I have a gentle yet directive, relational style.
Are you feeling stuck or overwhelmed in your life? Lost your sense of self and confidence? Confused by how to set boundaries and build healthy relationships? I am here for you! I can help you understand what is happening in your life and how you can heal, grow, and transform to be living the life you want. I have a trauma-informed, integrative style based on mindfulness, somatic psychology, ecotherapy, expressive arts, humanistic and transpersonal psychology, neuroscience, spirituality, and my background in holistic health, nutrition, massage, and fitness. I have a gentle yet directive, relational style.
(925) 900-5373 View (925) 900-5373
Photo of Alisa Birgy, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Alisa Birgy
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94610
I am a change oriented therapist and would like to support you in finding new solutions to old problems. I am part of a group practice that provides individual and group DBT, and I have experience working with addiction/alcoholism, trauma, bipolar disorder, ADHD, and psychosis. My other passion is parenting and pregnancy as I ran a parenting program for 12 years. I understand the stresses facing parents with young children, and will provide a trusting relationship where you can develop skills and experience more joy in parenting.
I am a change oriented therapist and would like to support you in finding new solutions to old problems. I am part of a group practice that provides individual and group DBT, and I have experience working with addiction/alcoholism, trauma, bipolar disorder, ADHD, and psychosis. My other passion is parenting and pregnancy as I ran a parenting program for 12 years. I understand the stresses facing parents with young children, and will provide a trusting relationship where you can develop skills and experience more joy in parenting.
(415) 663-5488 View (415) 663-5488
Photo of Fiona C. Lundy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Fiona C. Lundy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94618
Not accepting new clients
Feel overwhelmed, stuck, anxious? These are really tough times we’re living in. There’s the impending climate crisis, conflict abroad, and an increasingly polarizing political climate. Mass shootings may make you fear going to the grocery school or sending your kids to school. And even before the pandemic, there were reasons to be alert and anxious - whether microgressions at work, being told “you’re too ”- fill in the blank, or trying to figure out who you are and how to meet the expectations you and others hold for you. Life can be overwhelming; seeking help shouldn’t be.
Feel overwhelmed, stuck, anxious? These are really tough times we’re living in. There’s the impending climate crisis, conflict abroad, and an increasingly polarizing political climate. Mass shootings may make you fear going to the grocery school or sending your kids to school. And even before the pandemic, there were reasons to be alert and anxious - whether microgressions at work, being told “you’re too ”- fill in the blank, or trying to figure out who you are and how to meet the expectations you and others hold for you. Life can be overwhelming; seeking help shouldn’t be.
(415) 918-6427 View (415) 918-6427
Photo of Cameo Johnson, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Cameo Johnson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94609
I specialize in working with transitional-age youth and young adults age 14 and up. I guide each session with a social justice and trauma-informed lens to support your mental, emotional, and social development. This includes supporting you in managing practical life challenges such as education, employment, and interpersonal communication, as well as more complex obstacles like imposter syndrome, financial values, and intimate relationship dynamics/composition. If you are interested in beginning your journey toward becoming more a confident, introspective, emotionally balanced individual, I will be here every step of the way.
I specialize in working with transitional-age youth and young adults age 14 and up. I guide each session with a social justice and trauma-informed lens to support your mental, emotional, and social development. This includes supporting you in managing practical life challenges such as education, employment, and interpersonal communication, as well as more complex obstacles like imposter syndrome, financial values, and intimate relationship dynamics/composition. If you are interested in beginning your journey toward becoming more a confident, introspective, emotionally balanced individual, I will be here every step of the way.
(510) 936-7611 View (510) 936-7611
Photo of Maria Jeffery, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Maria Jeffery
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94612  (Online Only)
I utilize a person-centered approach tailored to the unique needs of the individual client. I am dedicated to addressing life transitions, trauma, and maladaptive communication patterns to re-activate resilience by creating a warm, non-judgmental, attentive and safe space to process and develop healthy skillsets to promote healing.
I utilize a person-centered approach tailored to the unique needs of the individual client. I am dedicated to addressing life transitions, trauma, and maladaptive communication patterns to re-activate resilience by creating a warm, non-judgmental, attentive and safe space to process and develop healthy skillsets to promote healing.
(510) 945-3635 View (510) 945-3635
Photo of Sanford H Pearlman, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Sanford H Pearlman
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94611
My work is to help individuals, couples, and families with any issues that may be causing distress. I'm open to working with anyone or any couple or family that is interested in a deeper exploration of who they are and how they are in the world. I work with people with anxiety, depression, trauma, and anything that may be causing difficulties in your relationships and in your life. I will take many different approaches in sessions based on your needs in the moment. My goal is your independence, self-sufficiency and self-acceptance.
My work is to help individuals, couples, and families with any issues that may be causing distress. I'm open to working with anyone or any couple or family that is interested in a deeper exploration of who they are and how they are in the world. I work with people with anxiety, depression, trauma, and anything that may be causing difficulties in your relationships and in your life. I will take many different approaches in sessions based on your needs in the moment. My goal is your independence, self-sufficiency and self-acceptance.
(510) 201-5231 View (510) 201-5231
Photo of Jonathan Lee, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Jonathan Lee
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94602  (Online Only)
You’ve needed change, but for too long, your efforts get complicated by self-sabotage and triggered reactions. When triggered, you prefer to isolate and withdraw so you don’t need to worry more about straining your relationships. There’s been little room for connection, play, and joy, because your attention is mostly preoccupied with anticipating harm or preventing social rejection. You’ve had to be self-reliant for so long that you can’t imagine asking for what you need without feeling selfish or worrying about burdening others. You know you're self-aware, yet you don’t know how to implement the steps for deep, lasting change.
You’ve needed change, but for too long, your efforts get complicated by self-sabotage and triggered reactions. When triggered, you prefer to isolate and withdraw so you don’t need to worry more about straining your relationships. There’s been little room for connection, play, and joy, because your attention is mostly preoccupied with anticipating harm or preventing social rejection. You’ve had to be self-reliant for so long that you can’t imagine asking for what you need without feeling selfish or worrying about burdening others. You know you're self-aware, yet you don’t know how to implement the steps for deep, lasting change.
(510) 930-3465 View (510) 930-3465
Photo of Mikhaëla Beaudet-DeBus, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Mikhaëla Beaudet-DeBus
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94609
Welcome! I support my Clients' path to arrive at a freer, more empowered version of themselves. I am passionate about working through an intersectional and trauma-informed lens with everyone. I respect my Clients deeply and give them my genuine warmth and attentiveness. I am a good fit for people who are nervous about therapy, people working on boundaries, self love, finding their voice, embodiment, healing from trauma/complex trauma as well as folks from all parts of the LGBT+ family. I am here for gender exploration, questioning, arrival and take a non judgmental stance on all corners of consensual sex/sexuality/kink/non-monog+
Welcome! I support my Clients' path to arrive at a freer, more empowered version of themselves. I am passionate about working through an intersectional and trauma-informed lens with everyone. I respect my Clients deeply and give them my genuine warmth and attentiveness. I am a good fit for people who are nervous about therapy, people working on boundaries, self love, finding their voice, embodiment, healing from trauma/complex trauma as well as folks from all parts of the LGBT+ family. I am here for gender exploration, questioning, arrival and take a non judgmental stance on all corners of consensual sex/sexuality/kink/non-monog+
(510) 880-3764 View (510) 880-3764

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Oakland, CA

2,000+

Average cost per session

$185

Therapists in Oakland, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
74% Self Esteem
73% Trauma and PTSD
69% Grief
66% Stress

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

59% Aetna
48% Cigna and Evernorth
44% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Oakland, CA see their clients

62% In Person and Online
38% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
21% Male
4% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Oakland?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.