Therapists in San Francisco, CA

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Photo of Dr. Aaron Robert Jacobson, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Dr. Aaron Robert Jacobson
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94118
I believe that therapy should be collaborative, and I will invite you to share your hopes for therapy, as well as your reservations about the process. I will work with you to uncover what led you to reach out, and what works best for you in therapy. Your story is particular and specific to you, and I will ask for your guidance as we lead you around the blind corners of your own life. Stylistically, I believe in direct and transparent communication, and in making as much space for laughter as for other challenging emotions that can come up in therapy.
I believe that therapy should be collaborative, and I will invite you to share your hopes for therapy, as well as your reservations about the process. I will work with you to uncover what led you to reach out, and what works best for you in therapy. Your story is particular and specific to you, and I will ask for your guidance as we lead you around the blind corners of your own life. Stylistically, I believe in direct and transparent communication, and in making as much space for laughter as for other challenging emotions that can come up in therapy.
(415) 712-1267 View (415) 712-1267
Photo of Lara Ezrin, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Lara Ezrin
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94122  (Online Only)
(I am currently providing Zoom sessions due to Covid-19). I am a licensed psychotherapist providing psychotherapy for adult individuals dealing with depression, anxiety, and life transitions. I offer both time-limited and open-ended therapy. I work collaboratively with clients using cognitive behavioral therapy and belief re-patterning. I believe that personal transformation is about getting out of one's own way to create a life you want to live and be the person you want to be.
(I am currently providing Zoom sessions due to Covid-19). I am a licensed psychotherapist providing psychotherapy for adult individuals dealing with depression, anxiety, and life transitions. I offer both time-limited and open-ended therapy. I work collaboratively with clients using cognitive behavioral therapy and belief re-patterning. I believe that personal transformation is about getting out of one's own way to create a life you want to live and be the person you want to be.
(628) 300-3277 View (628) 300-3277
Photo of Linda Shanti McCabe, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Linda Shanti McCabe
Psychologist, MA, PsyD
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94122
Do you want to learn to carry grief with grace? Do you feel despair or shame from eating emotionally? Does it seem impossible to accept your body? Have you lost a loved one to Cancer or COVID? Grief and eating disorder recovery are my specialties. I can help you recover from disordered eating/body image hatred, and not pass it on to your daughter. I work with women on body acceptance, and a non-diet approach to recovery. I can assist you in learning love your life, even after loss. I can help guide you in learning to carry grief with grace.
Do you want to learn to carry grief with grace? Do you feel despair or shame from eating emotionally? Does it seem impossible to accept your body? Have you lost a loved one to Cancer or COVID? Grief and eating disorder recovery are my specialties. I can help you recover from disordered eating/body image hatred, and not pass it on to your daughter. I work with women on body acceptance, and a non-diet approach to recovery. I can assist you in learning love your life, even after loss. I can help guide you in learning to carry grief with grace.
(415) 413-3940 View (415) 413-3940
Photo of Octave - Financial District SF Clinic, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Octave - Financial District SF Clinic
Psychologist, PhD, PsyD, LCSW, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94104  (Online Only)
Octave is a modern practice creating a new standard for mental health care that’s both high-quality and accessible. With in-person and virtual clinics in California, Connecticut, Florida, New Jersey, New York, Texas, and Washington D.C., we partner with you to develop personalized plans that can include individual, couples, and family therapy to best suit your needs. Grounded in science, our approach enables you to experience profound change that is just as measurable as it is meaningful. Learn more at www.findoctave.com
Octave is a modern practice creating a new standard for mental health care that’s both high-quality and accessible. With in-person and virtual clinics in California, Connecticut, Florida, New Jersey, New York, Texas, and Washington D.C., we partner with you to develop personalized plans that can include individual, couples, and family therapy to best suit your needs. Grounded in science, our approach enables you to experience profound change that is just as measurable as it is meaningful. Learn more at www.findoctave.com
(415) 634-1043 View (415) 634-1043
Photo of Paulo Rebello, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Paulo Rebello
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94114
Not accepting new clients
As your therapist, using mindfulness and a caring presence, I will accompany you on the road to personal growth, supporting you in understanding how you can become appreciative of your behaviors: they helped you come this far! We will explore how you can see your life through different, enriching perspectives to include multiple ways of being in relationship and acting in the world in a more satisfying way for you. It's about empowering you with the ability to choose what you want to live. It is about giving you choices.
As your therapist, using mindfulness and a caring presence, I will accompany you on the road to personal growth, supporting you in understanding how you can become appreciative of your behaviors: they helped you come this far! We will explore how you can see your life through different, enriching perspectives to include multiple ways of being in relationship and acting in the world in a more satisfying way for you. It's about empowering you with the ability to choose what you want to live. It is about giving you choices.
(510) 463-4890 View (510) 463-4890
Photo of Dorene Paul, LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Dorene Paul, LMFT
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94102
Welcome, my name Dorene Paul and I am a licensed psychotherapist and marriage counselor. I have had the honor of practicing therapy for over 20 years, working with adults, couples and youth with a wide variety of issues. In my experience, each person comes to therapy with a unique set of experiences, feelings, issues, gifts, goals, therefore I use a variety of therapeutic approaches, from cognitive to current psychodynamic approaches and EMDR for those dealing with past trauma. In therapy I am your companion and counselor on a deeply meaningful journey.
Welcome, my name Dorene Paul and I am a licensed psychotherapist and marriage counselor. I have had the honor of practicing therapy for over 20 years, working with adults, couples and youth with a wide variety of issues. In my experience, each person comes to therapy with a unique set of experiences, feelings, issues, gifts, goals, therefore I use a variety of therapeutic approaches, from cognitive to current psychodynamic approaches and EMDR for those dealing with past trauma. In therapy I am your companion and counselor on a deeply meaningful journey.
(415) 780-9081 View (415) 780-9081
Photo of Jo Wallace, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Jo Wallace
Psychologist, PhD, LMFT, ATR-BC
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94123
Not accepting new clients
Note: DR. WALLACE'S PRACTICE IS FULL. SHE IS UNABLE TO ACCEPT NEW REFERRALS DUE TO A 1.5+ YEAR WAITLIST. Dr. Wallace is a pediatric neuropsychologist offering assessment services in SF. A neuropsychological assessment helps to identify your child's learning strengths and weaknesses and provide recommendations to assist your child in achieving their potential. Dr. Wallace's assessments are comprehensive, research-based, and individualized to your child.
Note: DR. WALLACE'S PRACTICE IS FULL. SHE IS UNABLE TO ACCEPT NEW REFERRALS DUE TO A 1.5+ YEAR WAITLIST. Dr. Wallace is a pediatric neuropsychologist offering assessment services in SF. A neuropsychological assessment helps to identify your child's learning strengths and weaknesses and provide recommendations to assist your child in achieving their potential. Dr. Wallace's assessments are comprehensive, research-based, and individualized to your child.
(650) 300-4581 View (650) 300-4581
Photo of Farhad Ghodsi MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Farhad Ghodsi MFT
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94102  (Online Only)
Are you experiencing some roadblocks that are preventing you from getting where you want to be in life whether it be in your work, school, or relationships with others? When you’re feeling overwhelmed therapy can make the difference between feeling stuck and moving forward. I am a licensed marriage and family therapist located in San Francisco, specializing in psychotherapy for adult individuals. I’ve had the privilege of working within various multidisciplinary teams providing psychotherapy for over a decade.
Are you experiencing some roadblocks that are preventing you from getting where you want to be in life whether it be in your work, school, or relationships with others? When you’re feeling overwhelmed therapy can make the difference between feeling stuck and moving forward. I am a licensed marriage and family therapist located in San Francisco, specializing in psychotherapy for adult individuals. I’ve had the privilege of working within various multidisciplinary teams providing psychotherapy for over a decade.
(415) 996-1861 View (415) 996-1861
Photo of Allison Broennimann, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Allison Broennimann
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94109
Therapy is about helping you with your unique challenges. Supporting you over the short or long term. My primary goal includes offering hope and a safe space in which to explore difficulties and solutions. Obstacles can vary over the lifespan, and many different types of symptoms or events can change your ability to manage your relationships or work stress levels.
Therapy is about helping you with your unique challenges. Supporting you over the short or long term. My primary goal includes offering hope and a safe space in which to explore difficulties and solutions. Obstacles can vary over the lifespan, and many different types of symptoms or events can change your ability to manage your relationships or work stress levels.
(844) 362-2891 View (844) 362-2891
Photo of Greg Garavanian, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Greg Garavanian
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94131
All too often emotional suffering feels familiar, a sense of being stuck in the same frustrating patterns. Talking about your struggles may provide some temporary relief, but may not produce the long-term change wanted. My approach involves a combination of practical techniques to help you alleviate your symptoms and using integrated mind-body modalities that offer the possibility of healing outside of the traditional "talking cure." Working together at the pace that feels right for you, we will help you connect to your core self, provide healing for the hurt parts of you and open new possibilities for your future.
All too often emotional suffering feels familiar, a sense of being stuck in the same frustrating patterns. Talking about your struggles may provide some temporary relief, but may not produce the long-term change wanted. My approach involves a combination of practical techniques to help you alleviate your symptoms and using integrated mind-body modalities that offer the possibility of healing outside of the traditional "talking cure." Working together at the pace that feels right for you, we will help you connect to your core self, provide healing for the hurt parts of you and open new possibilities for your future.
(415) 843-6231 View (415) 843-6231
Photo of Nika Ayat, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Nika Ayat
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94102
I work with passionate people who deeply want to feel connected and loved, but find themselves hurting in relationships. My clients come from backgrounds where they weren’t taught healthy relationship skills, and they realize they're stuck in patterns they want to change, such as self-judgment or blame, self-sabotage, avoidance, relational anxiety, codependency, or abuse. My mindset is everyone is doing the best they can with what they know. With a curious mind and multicultural lens, I help make meaning of your experiences, shed light on what exists outside your awareness, and help you learn new ways of feeling connected and loved.
I work with passionate people who deeply want to feel connected and loved, but find themselves hurting in relationships. My clients come from backgrounds where they weren’t taught healthy relationship skills, and they realize they're stuck in patterns they want to change, such as self-judgment or blame, self-sabotage, avoidance, relational anxiety, codependency, or abuse. My mindset is everyone is doing the best they can with what they know. With a curious mind and multicultural lens, I help make meaning of your experiences, shed light on what exists outside your awareness, and help you learn new ways of feeling connected and loved.
(415) 914-9238 View (415) 914-9238
Photo of Rodney J Shapiro, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Rodney J Shapiro
Psychologist, PhD
Not Verified Not Verified
2 Endorsed
San Francisco, CA 94118
I work with individuals, couples and families. I see my role as helping to alleviate distress (anxiety, fear, vulnerability, depression) and promoting positive change. From the point of first contact I work towards establishing a trusting relationship. I draw upon my extensive experience in psychodynamic theory, family systems therapy, and solution focused therapies to make sure that I gain an accurate understanding of each client individually and in their relationships. I present myself as a problem solver and collaborate with the client(s) in identifying significant problems and establishing goals towards achieving positive changes.
I work with individuals, couples and families. I see my role as helping to alleviate distress (anxiety, fear, vulnerability, depression) and promoting positive change. From the point of first contact I work towards establishing a trusting relationship. I draw upon my extensive experience in psychodynamic theory, family systems therapy, and solution focused therapies to make sure that I gain an accurate understanding of each client individually and in their relationships. I present myself as a problem solver and collaborate with the client(s) in identifying significant problems and establishing goals towards achieving positive changes.
(415) 689-1057 View (415) 689-1057
Photo of Brian Wolfe, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Brian Wolfe
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94105  (Online Only)
I like to help my clients learn about intense emotions coming in waves like on an ocean and how to notice body sensations which then escalate into undesired behaviors. With a combination of CBT and DBT tools, I like to educate my clients about the purpose and necessity of all emotions and how to step away from feelings that could result in "problem behaviors" which only make things worse. Once we learn how to manage this phenomena, we can feel successful to move on to work on more difficult relationships in our adult lives that cause us trouble whether it be interpersonal familial, or work.
I like to help my clients learn about intense emotions coming in waves like on an ocean and how to notice body sensations which then escalate into undesired behaviors. With a combination of CBT and DBT tools, I like to educate my clients about the purpose and necessity of all emotions and how to step away from feelings that could result in "problem behaviors" which only make things worse. Once we learn how to manage this phenomena, we can feel successful to move on to work on more difficult relationships in our adult lives that cause us trouble whether it be interpersonal familial, or work.
(510) 826-3865 View (510) 826-3865
Photo of Sarah E. Phillips, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Sarah E. Phillips
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94114  (Online Only)
My style is active, empowering, solution-focused, down-to-earth, non-judgmental, and humorous. My approach is collaborative — we'll work together to help identify and reach your goals. I welcome an open dialogue to create the best therapy for you as an individual. I see the immense strength, value, and potential for self-growth in each of my clients.
My style is active, empowering, solution-focused, down-to-earth, non-judgmental, and humorous. My approach is collaborative — we'll work together to help identify and reach your goals. I welcome an open dialogue to create the best therapy for you as an individual. I see the immense strength, value, and potential for self-growth in each of my clients.
(415) 903-7914 View (415) 903-7914
Photo of Carla L Durkin, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Carla L Durkin
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94114  (Online Only)
Over 17 years practicing has affirmed my belief that most of the emotional wounding and on-going pain, difficulties, confusion and “stuckness” plaguing individuals, and the relational problems of couples can move and improve significantly in psychotherapy with a warm, intelligent, highly attuned, interactive, and skilled psychotherapist. I work hard at creating a safe, reliable and connected therapeutic relationship, in which the client feels comfortable, seen, understood and accepted for who they are, communicated with honestly and directly, and free to drive the focus, pace and intensity as feels right to them.
Over 17 years practicing has affirmed my belief that most of the emotional wounding and on-going pain, difficulties, confusion and “stuckness” plaguing individuals, and the relational problems of couples can move and improve significantly in psychotherapy with a warm, intelligent, highly attuned, interactive, and skilled psychotherapist. I work hard at creating a safe, reliable and connected therapeutic relationship, in which the client feels comfortable, seen, understood and accepted for who they are, communicated with honestly and directly, and free to drive the focus, pace and intensity as feels right to them.
(650) 605-3981 View (650) 605-3981
Photo of Carson Oberst, Marriage & Family Therapist in San Francisco, CA
Carson Oberst
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94114  (Online Only)
Life is a continual process of establishing and reestablishing various identities for ourselves, and sometimes that gets messy or confusing. Sometimes the ways we think and behave become incongruent with what we want and value. Sometimes we have a hard time knowing what we want and value. Sometimes external events or unforeseen challenges disrupt what we envisioned for ourselves and the future. It can feel tricky to navigate issues of identity development, change, grief, loss, anxiety, decision-making, relationship stress, disillusionment, and life transitions alone. But that's what therapy is for.
Life is a continual process of establishing and reestablishing various identities for ourselves, and sometimes that gets messy or confusing. Sometimes the ways we think and behave become incongruent with what we want and value. Sometimes we have a hard time knowing what we want and value. Sometimes external events or unforeseen challenges disrupt what we envisioned for ourselves and the future. It can feel tricky to navigate issues of identity development, change, grief, loss, anxiety, decision-making, relationship stress, disillusionment, and life transitions alone. But that's what therapy is for.
(415) 915-2208 View (415) 915-2208
Photo of Dr. Sean Robertson in San Francisco, CA
Dr. Sean Robertson
MA, PsyD
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94115  (Online Only)
Start seeing challenges as opportunities to get your needs met and improve your relationship! I’m Dr. Sean Robertson, creator of RDP. I work as an online Couples Counselor and Intimacy Coach. I know relationships can be hard, even though they’re also one of the most fulfilling parts of our life. In my couples counseling I create an empathic space for learning and deep connection, while also being diligent about ensuring that clients implement the tools I teach. My methods are based in behavioral psychology, Gottman Method, and attachment psychology.
Start seeing challenges as opportunities to get your needs met and improve your relationship! I’m Dr. Sean Robertson, creator of RDP. I work as an online Couples Counselor and Intimacy Coach. I know relationships can be hard, even though they’re also one of the most fulfilling parts of our life. In my couples counseling I create an empathic space for learning and deep connection, while also being diligent about ensuring that clients implement the tools I teach. My methods are based in behavioral psychology, Gottman Method, and attachment psychology.
(415) 873-8050 View (415) 873-8050
Photo of Silver Lake Psychology--San Francisco location, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Silver Lake Psychology--San Francisco location
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94109  (Online Only)
Learn how to feel more connected to yourself, others and the world around you. Therapy provides all the elements of intimacy: honest communication, vulnerability and trust. Good therapy is challenging yet warm, providing both structure and empathy for your unique experience. We are a collective of therapists with a wide range of specialties. Our intake professionals will help connect you with the right therapist for your needs. We make appointments easy, offering evenings and weekends and flexibility for creative professionals who can't make the same time each week.
Learn how to feel more connected to yourself, others and the world around you. Therapy provides all the elements of intimacy: honest communication, vulnerability and trust. Good therapy is challenging yet warm, providing both structure and empathy for your unique experience. We are a collective of therapists with a wide range of specialties. Our intake professionals will help connect you with the right therapist for your needs. We make appointments easy, offering evenings and weekends and flexibility for creative professionals who can't make the same time each week.
(415) 268-8735 View (415) 268-8735
Photo of Jessica Daniel, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in San Francisco, CA
Jessica Daniel
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94102
I work well with individuals and couples who are finding themselves at times of change. Change has the potential for transformation - whether that change is motivated by a desire to grow and seek greater fulfillment or one that is an unexpected cause of suffering. I love working with people one-on-one or in the context of a relationship to find their paths toward acceptance, connection, and wholeness.
I work well with individuals and couples who are finding themselves at times of change. Change has the potential for transformation - whether that change is motivated by a desire to grow and seek greater fulfillment or one that is an unexpected cause of suffering. I love working with people one-on-one or in the context of a relationship to find their paths toward acceptance, connection, and wholeness.
(628) 209-6320 View (628) 209-6320
Photo of Paul Watsky, Psychologist in San Francisco, CA
Paul Watsky
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
San Francisco, CA 94118
I work with adults of all ages who seek the greatest access to their abilities and skills, wish to understand and accept themselves more fully by mitigating both internal and external obstacles, experience compassion, and act with social responsibility. Such goals may to grapple overcome low self esteem, maintain sobriety, come to terms with painful life experiences, and develop reality-based trust in relatioonships.
I work with adults of all ages who seek the greatest access to their abilities and skills, wish to understand and accept themselves more fully by mitigating both internal and external obstacles, experience compassion, and act with social responsibility. Such goals may to grapple overcome low self esteem, maintain sobriety, come to terms with painful life experiences, and develop reality-based trust in relatioonships.
(415) 639-5503 View (415) 639-5503

See more therapy options for San Francisco

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in San Francisco, CA

3,000+

Average cost per session

$189

Therapists in San Francisco, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
87% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
75% Self Esteem
70% Trauma and PTSD
68% Stress
66% Life Transitions

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

69% Aetna
55% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
54% Cigna and Evernorth

How Therapists in San Francisco, CA see their clients

55% In Person and Online
45% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
23% Male
2% Non-Binary

FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in San Francisco?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.