Therapists in Oakland, CA

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Photo of Willow Pearson Trimbach, Psychologist in Oakland, CA
Willow Pearson Trimbach
Psychologist, PsyD, LMFT, MT-BC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94608  (Online Only)
My practice emphasizes integral, psychodynamic psychotherapy and consultation for a variety of psychological, relational, medical, cultural, and spiritual issues. I specialize in working with adults who grapple with anxiety, depression, loss, stress, health, disability, identity, sexuality, relationships, transitions, trauma, creativity, spirituality, life path/purpose/meaning and fulfillment. I also enjoy providing consultation to colleagues. Building on my fifteen years of private practice experience during my twenty years as a licensed clinician, it is my joy to combine private practice in Oakland with my teaching at CIIS.
My practice emphasizes integral, psychodynamic psychotherapy and consultation for a variety of psychological, relational, medical, cultural, and spiritual issues. I specialize in working with adults who grapple with anxiety, depression, loss, stress, health, disability, identity, sexuality, relationships, transitions, trauma, creativity, spirituality, life path/purpose/meaning and fulfillment. I also enjoy providing consultation to colleagues. Building on my fifteen years of private practice experience during my twenty years as a licensed clinician, it is my joy to combine private practice in Oakland with my teaching at CIIS.
(650) 620-7927 View (650) 620-7927
Photo of Melissa Nicolle Martinez, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Melissa Nicolle Martinez
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94606  (Online Only)
Hello! I am a Latina identified, bilingual clinician. I currently work with Alianza Counseling Group in Fremont CA. I acquired my postgraduate degree from NYU, and have provided Mental Health services to diverse populations since 2017. I have experience working with children, adolescents and adults in both schools and outpatient settings. My ideal client is open to engage in therapy, they are willing to both identify and work through triggers together, in order to set therapeutic objectives to reach their goals. I utilize clinical interventions that are relevant to each client, every session is different and catered to your needs.
Hello! I am a Latina identified, bilingual clinician. I currently work with Alianza Counseling Group in Fremont CA. I acquired my postgraduate degree from NYU, and have provided Mental Health services to diverse populations since 2017. I have experience working with children, adolescents and adults in both schools and outpatient settings. My ideal client is open to engage in therapy, they are willing to both identify and work through triggers together, in order to set therapeutic objectives to reach their goals. I utilize clinical interventions that are relevant to each client, every session is different and catered to your needs.
(415) 966-2601 View (415) 966-2601
Photo of Susan Raeburn, Psychologist in Oakland, CA
Susan Raeburn
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94618
Not accepting new clients
Choosing a therapist involves mind, heart and spirit as well as commitment, time and money. With over thirty-five years of experience, I know that doing the work of psychotherapy is a unique privilege, so thank you for your interest in my practice.
Choosing a therapist involves mind, heart and spirit as well as commitment, time and money. With over thirty-five years of experience, I know that doing the work of psychotherapy is a unique privilege, so thank you for your interest in my practice.
(510) 404-8802 View (510) 404-8802
Photo of Chinmay Surpur, Pre-Licensed Professional in Oakland, CA
Chinmay Surpur
Pre-Licensed Professional, MA
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94610
Waitlist for new clients
Are you experiencing difficulties concentrating? Do you ever feel that your mood is so low you can’t get out of bed? Do you struggle with anxiety or obsessive thoughts? Are you finding yourself wrestling with existential thoughts? Maybe you’re experiencing a combination of issues that just don’t let you feel like yourself? Whatever you’re experiencing, I’m here to help. Through our work together, we can identify your core issues and make a plan to address them using an individually-tailored and holistic approach to achieve your goals. Let’s embark on this journey of healing together!
Are you experiencing difficulties concentrating? Do you ever feel that your mood is so low you can’t get out of bed? Do you struggle with anxiety or obsessive thoughts? Are you finding yourself wrestling with existential thoughts? Maybe you’re experiencing a combination of issues that just don’t let you feel like yourself? Whatever you’re experiencing, I’m here to help. Through our work together, we can identify your core issues and make a plan to address them using an individually-tailored and holistic approach to achieve your goals. Let’s embark on this journey of healing together!
(510) 422-0827 View (510) 422-0827
Photo of Jianne Gimian, Psychologist in Oakland, CA
Jianne Gimian
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94611
If you are having difficulty with relationships, at work, with parents or children, I can help you identify the issues causing discomfort and learn new strategies for coping, managing and getting more joy in life. If you need someone to talk openly with about your challenges in life, I can listen and help you gain insight so that you can choose the best ways to proceed. If you feel isolated and judged, I can help you build confidence. If you are stuck in grief, I can help you get through it. I can help you see pathways where you might be inclined to see barriers.
If you are having difficulty with relationships, at work, with parents or children, I can help you identify the issues causing discomfort and learn new strategies for coping, managing and getting more joy in life. If you need someone to talk openly with about your challenges in life, I can listen and help you gain insight so that you can choose the best ways to proceed. If you feel isolated and judged, I can help you build confidence. If you are stuck in grief, I can help you get through it. I can help you see pathways where you might be inclined to see barriers.
(510) 974-7019 View (510) 974-7019
Photo of Denique Boxhill, Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor in Oakland, CA
Denique Boxhill
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94610  (Online Only)
There comes a time when we realize we must face what we had hoped to ignore. The things gnawing at our spirit relentlessly until we tend to them. Sounds familiar? Well you don’t have to face them alone. Gently and without judgment, I help people tap into the wisdom they always had to explore where they want to go and who they want to be.
There comes a time when we realize we must face what we had hoped to ignore. The things gnawing at our spirit relentlessly until we tend to them. Sounds familiar? Well you don’t have to face them alone. Gently and without judgment, I help people tap into the wisdom they always had to explore where they want to go and who they want to be.
(510) 650-1385 View (510) 650-1385
Photo of Lauren Go, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Lauren Go
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94612  (Online Only)
Choosing a therapist can be intimidating, especially for people of color. We might wonder if our therapist will understand the significant role of various cultural factors in our experience. I believe each individual brings with them a set of unique experiences, values, and goals, regardless of background. Perhaps you are an individual looking for a safe space to explore your identity, including ethnicity and gender. Maybe you are already in couples therapy and want the dedicated support of your own individual sessions. Or maybe you are having difficulty communicating with family members due to generational differences.
Choosing a therapist can be intimidating, especially for people of color. We might wonder if our therapist will understand the significant role of various cultural factors in our experience. I believe each individual brings with them a set of unique experiences, values, and goals, regardless of background. Perhaps you are an individual looking for a safe space to explore your identity, including ethnicity and gender. Maybe you are already in couples therapy and want the dedicated support of your own individual sessions. Or maybe you are having difficulty communicating with family members due to generational differences.
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Photo of Brandon Brawner, Psychologist in Oakland, CA
Brandon Brawner
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94609
I'm here to support teenage youth, parents/families, and adults in meeting their emotional, psychological and practical challenges. If you're a teen struggling with school problems, family difficulties or hoping to improve your mood, confidence and relationships, I can assist you in breaking down obstacles and achieving your goals. If you're a parent trying to manage and communicate with your "coming of age" depressed or rebellious adolescent, I provide counsel and safe opportunities to explore the conflicts and confusion that block resolutions.
I'm here to support teenage youth, parents/families, and adults in meeting their emotional, psychological and practical challenges. If you're a teen struggling with school problems, family difficulties or hoping to improve your mood, confidence and relationships, I can assist you in breaking down obstacles and achieving your goals. If you're a parent trying to manage and communicate with your "coming of age" depressed or rebellious adolescent, I provide counsel and safe opportunities to explore the conflicts and confusion that block resolutions.
(510) 400-4171 View (510) 400-4171
Photo of Violet Alcantar, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Violet Alcantar
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94612  (Online Only)
Therapy isn’t always easy, which is why feeling comfortable and safe with your therapist is most important to your success. I take a collaborative approach in therapy, starting where you are and working together to make positive changes. You are in the driver's seat and help to establish meaningful goals for your treatment.
Therapy isn’t always easy, which is why feeling comfortable and safe with your therapist is most important to your success. I take a collaborative approach in therapy, starting where you are and working together to make positive changes. You are in the driver's seat and help to establish meaningful goals for your treatment.
(510) 974-7884 View (510) 974-7884
Photo of Matthew R. Hicks, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Matthew R. Hicks
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94609  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
If you are feeling overwhelmed by life’s demands, my aim is to introduce clarity, authenticity, and self-motivation. As a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW), I’ve been successfully treating adults, families, and youth for over 20 years facilitating their self-growth. I teach techniques to better manage the emotional stress of everyday life. I have also focused on extensive training in anxiety/depression, play therapy, parenting, treating past and recent trauma, OCD, addiction, and working with family systems.
If you are feeling overwhelmed by life’s demands, my aim is to introduce clarity, authenticity, and self-motivation. As a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW), I’ve been successfully treating adults, families, and youth for over 20 years facilitating their self-growth. I teach techniques to better manage the emotional stress of everyday life. I have also focused on extensive training in anxiety/depression, play therapy, parenting, treating past and recent trauma, OCD, addiction, and working with family systems.
(510) 683-5273 View (510) 683-5273
Photo of Juanita Dimas, Psychologist in Oakland, CA
Juanita Dimas
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94612
In addition to working with adults of all ages, I specialize in working with diverse populations, including world travelers, Latinos & other BIPOC, healers, social justice workers, creatives, and academics. You're looking for someone who is familiar with your perspectives and experiences, including being inclusive and affirming of intersectional identities. Someone who can understand your lifestyle, and is familiar with the unique issues this can bring, who is culturally competent, and can address the social and political factors as well.
In addition to working with adults of all ages, I specialize in working with diverse populations, including world travelers, Latinos & other BIPOC, healers, social justice workers, creatives, and academics. You're looking for someone who is familiar with your perspectives and experiences, including being inclusive and affirming of intersectional identities. Someone who can understand your lifestyle, and is familiar with the unique issues this can bring, who is culturally competent, and can address the social and political factors as well.
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Photo of Blair Ibarra, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Blair Ibarra
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94612  (Online Only)
I strongly believe that everyone wants, can, and has the right, to be a healthy, happy individual who can grow and be successful. However, sometimes life gives us circumstances or unexpected events that make us feel this goal is out of our reach. Whether it be substance abuse, grief, trauma, depression, anxiety, anger or something else, I believe that with the right tools we can grow from these experiences and learn to cope. I feel that therapy is most successful when it is a collaboration between the therapist and the client.
I strongly believe that everyone wants, can, and has the right, to be a healthy, happy individual who can grow and be successful. However, sometimes life gives us circumstances or unexpected events that make us feel this goal is out of our reach. Whether it be substance abuse, grief, trauma, depression, anxiety, anger or something else, I believe that with the right tools we can grow from these experiences and learn to cope. I feel that therapy is most successful when it is a collaboration between the therapist and the client.
(310) 861-7641 View (310) 861-7641
Photo of Nekolas Milton, Psychological Associate in Oakland, CA
Nekolas Milton
Psychological Associate, PsyD
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94612  (Online Only)
Hello my name is Dr. Nekolas “Neko” Milton, I am a Registered Psychological Associate. I have experience working with children, adolescents, and adults. I operate from a client-centered, humanistic approach, focusing on aspects of existentialism, mindfulness, family-systems, multiculturalism, and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, while keeping careful consideration of cultural concerns and practices. I have experience working with anxiety, depression, trauma-related diagnoses, and incorporate evidenced-based practices to address maladaptive patterns and behaviors.
Hello my name is Dr. Nekolas “Neko” Milton, I am a Registered Psychological Associate. I have experience working with children, adolescents, and adults. I operate from a client-centered, humanistic approach, focusing on aspects of existentialism, mindfulness, family-systems, multiculturalism, and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, while keeping careful consideration of cultural concerns and practices. I have experience working with anxiety, depression, trauma-related diagnoses, and incorporate evidenced-based practices to address maladaptive patterns and behaviors.
(415) 851-8356 View (415) 851-8356
Photo of Lily Jaser, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Lily Jaser
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94618
Do you feel unsettled in relationships? Or limited by other peoples’ ideas of who you should be or how you should act? Is it hard to turn off that critical voice inside? Do you feel exhausted putting other people’s needs before your own? Do you seek a greater sense of authenticity in yourself and others? Sometimes we don't have the words to describe our experiences and that's ok. Together, we can work to transform old patterns. Whether its clarifying what you need, improving communication, or getting past the unresolved, my goal is to support you and help you learn more about yourself and your most important relationships.
Do you feel unsettled in relationships? Or limited by other peoples’ ideas of who you should be or how you should act? Is it hard to turn off that critical voice inside? Do you feel exhausted putting other people’s needs before your own? Do you seek a greater sense of authenticity in yourself and others? Sometimes we don't have the words to describe our experiences and that's ok. Together, we can work to transform old patterns. Whether its clarifying what you need, improving communication, or getting past the unresolved, my goal is to support you and help you learn more about yourself and your most important relationships.
(510) 272-7233 View (510) 272-7233
Photo of Sean Alberto Kennedy, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Sean Alberto Kennedy
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94606  (Online Only)
I know in this post pandemic world it can be extremely stressful filled with anxiety and dread. It is always a good idea to have a friendly listening ear to help alleviate your depressive and anxiety feelings. I bring with me more than ten years of clinical experience in cognitive behavioral, narrative, and talk therapies. In addition I work with clients who struggle with negative self talk and other anxiety disorders. I also work with traumatic issues such as survivors of physical and emotional abuse. I work with childhood trauma as well using the psychodynamic approach.
I know in this post pandemic world it can be extremely stressful filled with anxiety and dread. It is always a good idea to have a friendly listening ear to help alleviate your depressive and anxiety feelings. I bring with me more than ten years of clinical experience in cognitive behavioral, narrative, and talk therapies. In addition I work with clients who struggle with negative self talk and other anxiety disorders. I also work with traumatic issues such as survivors of physical and emotional abuse. I work with childhood trauma as well using the psychodynamic approach.
(510) 616-9164 View (510) 616-9164
Photo of David Pingitore, Psychologist in Oakland, CA
David Pingitore
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94611
I have worked in the field of psychology for over twenty years. In my psychotherapy work, I provide a safe and respectful setting where you can discuss current challenges, and understand how particular feelings and patterns contribute to these challenges. Often these challenges develop out of prior dysfunctional relationships, and it is in the psychotherapy relationship that new and more satisfying goals and behaviors can be discussed and developed. In our initial appointments I actively listen and engage with patients to develop a psychological framework to understand their challenges, and then set concise goals to address in the therapy.
I have worked in the field of psychology for over twenty years. In my psychotherapy work, I provide a safe and respectful setting where you can discuss current challenges, and understand how particular feelings and patterns contribute to these challenges. Often these challenges develop out of prior dysfunctional relationships, and it is in the psychotherapy relationship that new and more satisfying goals and behaviors can be discussed and developed. In our initial appointments I actively listen and engage with patients to develop a psychological framework to understand their challenges, and then set concise goals to address in the therapy.
(925) 308-5736 View (925) 308-5736
Photo of Sarath Suon, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
Sarath Suon
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94618  (Online Only)
You appear to "have it all together," but deep down, you feel unsatisfied with your life. You feel exhausted by overthinking and persistent worrying. Maybe you've been thinking about making a career change or going back to school, but your fears are holding you back. Perhaps you've experienced a change in your life, such as moving in with your partner or to a new city, and you're having a hard time adjusting. Life transitions can be difficult and confusing to navigate on your own. The accompanying anxiety is just as hard, and can feel overwhelming and paralyzing.
You appear to "have it all together," but deep down, you feel unsatisfied with your life. You feel exhausted by overthinking and persistent worrying. Maybe you've been thinking about making a career change or going back to school, but your fears are holding you back. Perhaps you've experienced a change in your life, such as moving in with your partner or to a new city, and you're having a hard time adjusting. Life transitions can be difficult and confusing to navigate on your own. The accompanying anxiety is just as hard, and can feel overwhelming and paralyzing.
(510) 726-4152 View (510) 726-4152
Photo of Shannon Bernsten, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Oakland, CA
Shannon Bernsten
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94610
My belief in human resilience guides my work, and I hold deep trust in each person's unique path towards a full life. I approach my practice with warmth, presence, honesty, and respect. Together we can examine painful experiences, old belief systems, and barriers that may be keeping you stuck while honing in on your unique strengths. Therapy work encourages deepened self-awareness and compassion, allowing you to embrace a greater sense of agency and alignment in your day to day life. My hope is that our work inspires you to create space for the life and relationships you have been striving for.
My belief in human resilience guides my work, and I hold deep trust in each person's unique path towards a full life. I approach my practice with warmth, presence, honesty, and respect. Together we can examine painful experiences, old belief systems, and barriers that may be keeping you stuck while honing in on your unique strengths. Therapy work encourages deepened self-awareness and compassion, allowing you to embrace a greater sense of agency and alignment in your day to day life. My hope is that our work inspires you to create space for the life and relationships you have been striving for.
(510) 900-7191 View (510) 900-7191
Photo of Andy Sussman, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Oakland, CA
Andy Sussman
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Oakland, CA 94618
It's a courageous step to seek help. Things aren't working and perhaps you are looking for a new way, new strategies and perspective. You need relief from this angst. The surprise here is that your pain, frustration or relationship conflict can also be an asset. I am not suggesting minimizing your emotional suffering nor the importance of us finding immediate relief. My experience is that in facing your difficulties we can move towards enduring change. How does change happen in therapy? In my work with clients we identify some of the stories you have been telling yourself.
It's a courageous step to seek help. Things aren't working and perhaps you are looking for a new way, new strategies and perspective. You need relief from this angst. The surprise here is that your pain, frustration or relationship conflict can also be an asset. I am not suggesting minimizing your emotional suffering nor the importance of us finding immediate relief. My experience is that in facing your difficulties we can move towards enduring change. How does change happen in therapy? In my work with clients we identify some of the stories you have been telling yourself.
(415) 969-2593 View (415) 969-2593
Photo of James Castro Seishas, Marriage & Family Therapist in Oakland, CA
James Castro Seishas
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, MFT
Verified Verified
Oakland, CA 94618
Not accepting new clients
I view therapy as a collaborative process where we work together to understand the challenges you are facing. My initial goal is to provide empathy and relief, while working in the longer term to help you feel more open and able to access parts of your experience that may be hidden. This can be scary and vitalizing, and I view work with each client as a unique journey where the path to healing unfolds over time. For me, the ultimate goal of therapy is to help you both accept and challenge yourself, and thereby become more fully who you are.
I view therapy as a collaborative process where we work together to understand the challenges you are facing. My initial goal is to provide empathy and relief, while working in the longer term to help you feel more open and able to access parts of your experience that may be hidden. This can be scary and vitalizing, and I view work with each client as a unique journey where the path to healing unfolds over time. For me, the ultimate goal of therapy is to help you both accept and challenge yourself, and thereby become more fully who you are.
(510) 298-3577 View (510) 298-3577

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Oakland, CA

2,000+

Average cost per session

$185

Therapists in Oakland, CA who prioritize treating:

93% Anxiety
88% Depression
81% Relationship Issues
74% Self Esteem
73% Trauma and PTSD
69% Grief
66% Stress

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

59% Aetna
48% Cigna and Evernorth
44% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Oakland, CA see their clients

62% In Person and Online
38% Online Only

Gender breakdown

75% Female
21% Male
4% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Oakland?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.