Therapists in Fair Oaks, CA

Photo of Margarita Perez, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fair Oaks, CA
Margarita Perez
Marriage & Family Therapist, FIPA
Verified Verified
Fair Oaks, CA 95628
If you are struggling with depression, anxiety, relationships, past trauma, parenting, couple or family conflict, contact me, I may be able to help you. I work with individuals, couples, families, children, adolescents, gay and lesbian.
If you are struggling with depression, anxiety, relationships, past trauma, parenting, couple or family conflict, contact me, I may be able to help you. I work with individuals, couples, families, children, adolescents, gay and lesbian.
(916) 866-8091 View (916) 866-8091
Photo of Ryan Parino, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Fair Oaks, CA
Ryan Parino
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, AMFT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Fair Oaks, CA 95628
Waitlist for new clients
Although I have experience, education, and training in psychology, you will always be the expert on “you”. I approach therapy as a collaboration where we unite as a team to hold space for, explore, and honor some of the most important aspects of your life. I look forward to building a unique approach to therapy with each client that values you as the other half of our team, and I recognize that what might work for one person may not be the best way to collaborate with you.
Although I have experience, education, and training in psychology, you will always be the expert on “you”. I approach therapy as a collaboration where we unite as a team to hold space for, explore, and honor some of the most important aspects of your life. I look forward to building a unique approach to therapy with each client that values you as the other half of our team, and I recognize that what might work for one person may not be the best way to collaborate with you.
(916) 794-9410 View (916) 794-9410
Photo of Iris Pachler, Psychologist in Fair Oaks, CA
Iris Pachler
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Fair Oaks, CA 95628  (Online Only)
I understand how complicated life can become, leading to such challenges as divorce, struggles raising children, blended families, difficult relationships, trauma, and loss. The ways you have adapted to those challenges may no longer work for you and we can discover new strengths and interactional patterns that can make life easier and simpler. I have helped individuals deal with anxiety and depression, and move through times of loss and trauma. I approach people with authenticity, honesty and openness.
I understand how complicated life can become, leading to such challenges as divorce, struggles raising children, blended families, difficult relationships, trauma, and loss. The ways you have adapted to those challenges may no longer work for you and we can discover new strengths and interactional patterns that can make life easier and simpler. I have helped individuals deal with anxiety and depression, and move through times of loss and trauma. I approach people with authenticity, honesty and openness.
(530) 903-4538 View (530) 903-4538
Photo of Veronica Hagen, Associate Marriage & Family Therapist in Fair Oaks, CA
Veronica Hagen
Associate Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
5 Endorsed
Fair Oaks, CA 95628
Are you seeking a trauma-informed therapist who will show up authentically, listen without judgment, and extend compassion? Do you feel alone and like no one understands? I welcome you with compassionate curiosity, empathy, and kindness. I believe all clients have their own intuitive wisdom, but when we experience traumatic life experiences, we disconnect from ourselves and others for protection. Healing involves reconnection. A big part of this healing involves grief work. I support and guide clients as they grieve, heal, reconnect, and learn to trust the intuition that has always been there.
Are you seeking a trauma-informed therapist who will show up authentically, listen without judgment, and extend compassion? Do you feel alone and like no one understands? I welcome you with compassionate curiosity, empathy, and kindness. I believe all clients have their own intuitive wisdom, but when we experience traumatic life experiences, we disconnect from ourselves and others for protection. Healing involves reconnection. A big part of this healing involves grief work. I support and guide clients as they grieve, heal, reconnect, and learn to trust the intuition that has always been there.
(916) 794-3747 View (916) 794-3747
Photo of David M Cropp, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Fair Oaks, CA
David M Cropp
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Fair Oaks, CA 95628
I help those who wish to overcome the myriad cognitive and physiological influences of interpersonal trauma. My practice concentrates on victims / survivors of domestic violence, as well as abusive partners who wish to grow and enhance the quality of their lives and relationships.
I help those who wish to overcome the myriad cognitive and physiological influences of interpersonal trauma. My practice concentrates on victims / survivors of domestic violence, as well as abusive partners who wish to grow and enhance the quality of their lives and relationships.
(916) 526-3460 View (916) 526-3460
Photo of Christine Rios, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fair Oaks, CA
Christine Rios
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Fair Oaks, CA 95628
Hi there, I'm Christine! My name is Christine Rios, I am Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) based in California with 7 years of professional work experience. I have experience in helping clients with anxiety, stress, relationship issues, trauma, depression, and abuse, using evidence-based therapeutic modalities. I have found that my approach works best for adults ranging from ages 18-60. I feel fairly comfortable working with people who are dealing with life stressors that are impacting their ability to function on a day-to-day basis.
Hi there, I'm Christine! My name is Christine Rios, I am Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) based in California with 7 years of professional work experience. I have experience in helping clients with anxiety, stress, relationship issues, trauma, depression, and abuse, using evidence-based therapeutic modalities. I have found that my approach works best for adults ranging from ages 18-60. I feel fairly comfortable working with people who are dealing with life stressors that are impacting their ability to function on a day-to-day basis.
(916) 249-1984 View (916) 249-1984
Photo of Jamie Pepin, Associate Clinical Social Worker in Fair Oaks, CA
Jamie Pepin
Associate Clinical Social Worker, ASW
Verified Verified
Fair Oaks, CA 95628
Are you navigating the complexities of conflict, carrying the weight of stress, or grappling with anxiety? Do you yearn for a sense of peace, well-being, and security in your life? If the desire for change is within you, the solution lies in therapy. Allow me to guide you on the journey toward optimal well-being and resilience. Regardless of the challenges you are facing your transformative journey starts here.
Are you navigating the complexities of conflict, carrying the weight of stress, or grappling with anxiety? Do you yearn for a sense of peace, well-being, and security in your life? If the desire for change is within you, the solution lies in therapy. Allow me to guide you on the journey toward optimal well-being and resilience. Regardless of the challenges you are facing your transformative journey starts here.
(916) 999-5201 View (916) 999-5201
Photo of Dr. Kellen Grayson Psy.D. LMFT, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fair Oaks, CA
Dr. Kellen Grayson Psy.D. LMFT
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT, PsyD
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Fair Oaks, CA 95628
I am a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) and a Doctor of Psychology Psy.D.). When one experience life stressors, it is not uncommon for their lives to feel out of control or less satisfied. My greatest passion is bringing healing to people who have been through difficult times. I help individuals, couples, and families, to find healthy and authentic perceptions of themselves so that they can begin to strengthen their relationships and begin to feel more peaceful, whole, and safer. I have been trained in a wide range of modalities that can address your individual needs.
I am a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (LMFT) and a Doctor of Psychology Psy.D.). When one experience life stressors, it is not uncommon for their lives to feel out of control or less satisfied. My greatest passion is bringing healing to people who have been through difficult times. I help individuals, couples, and families, to find healthy and authentic perceptions of themselves so that they can begin to strengthen their relationships and begin to feel more peaceful, whole, and safer. I have been trained in a wide range of modalities that can address your individual needs.
(415) 329-5953 View (415) 329-5953
Photo of Joshua L Collver, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Fair Oaks, CA
Joshua L Collver
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW, MHA
Verified Verified
Fair Oaks, CA 95628  (Online Only)
My intention as a licensed clinical social worker (LCSW) is to help individuals achieve optimal health, safety, and wellness. By reaching out and seeking help, you are taking a courageous step towards change. I offer a collaborative and supportive partnership in the service of addressing your struggles and life challenges. Services include: individual and family therapy, brief and long-term therapy, and clinical supervision of ASW. I treat adolescents ages 13-17 and adults. I utilize techniques from evidence based treatment approaches and specialize in Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) and Trauma Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TFCBT)
My intention as a licensed clinical social worker (LCSW) is to help individuals achieve optimal health, safety, and wellness. By reaching out and seeking help, you are taking a courageous step towards change. I offer a collaborative and supportive partnership in the service of addressing your struggles and life challenges. Services include: individual and family therapy, brief and long-term therapy, and clinical supervision of ASW. I treat adolescents ages 13-17 and adults. I utilize techniques from evidence based treatment approaches and specialize in Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) and Trauma Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TFCBT)
(916) 823-8459 View (916) 823-8459
Photo of George C Bonnett, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fair Oaks, CA
George C Bonnett
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Fair Oaks, CA 95628
Not accepting new clients
Do you feel like you are stuck? Are you sad, angry, overwhelmed or anxious? Are these or other feelings getting in the way of your life? Do you love someone, but don't like he or she very much right now? Allow me to use a collaborative approach to fulfill your potential and help you work through life's issues.
Do you feel like you are stuck? Are you sad, angry, overwhelmed or anxious? Are these or other feelings getting in the way of your life? Do you love someone, but don't like he or she very much right now? Allow me to use a collaborative approach to fulfill your potential and help you work through life's issues.
(916) 668-4277 View (916) 668-4277
Photo of Carmelina Mule', Psychologist in Fair Oaks, CA
Carmelina Mule'
Psychologist, PsyD, MSW
Verified Verified
Fair Oaks, CA 95628
I work with adolescents, families and adults struggling with a variety of emotional, psychological and behavioral issues. I provide both therapy and assessment in my practice. I focus on symptom management and reduction, coping skills, emotion regulation, distress tolerance, mindfulness, healthy living practices, and interpersonal relationships/effectiveness. I use different approaches to help clients work through individual and interpersonal difficulties and believe strongly in the concepts of self determination and self actualization. I also provide divorce mediation services.
I work with adolescents, families and adults struggling with a variety of emotional, psychological and behavioral issues. I provide both therapy and assessment in my practice. I focus on symptom management and reduction, coping skills, emotion regulation, distress tolerance, mindfulness, healthy living practices, and interpersonal relationships/effectiveness. I use different approaches to help clients work through individual and interpersonal difficulties and believe strongly in the concepts of self determination and self actualization. I also provide divorce mediation services.
(916) 287-8926 View (916) 287-8926
Photo of Tina Glishich, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fair Oaks, CA
Tina Glishich
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
Verified Verified
Fair Oaks, CA 95628
I provide safe, accepting, and mindful environment as well as culturally sensitive services for children, adults, and families who are experiencing difficulties with emotional stress such as anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress, behavioral issues such as ADHD, defiant, and oppositional behaviors, culture-related stress such as immigration and issues regarding identity including gender variant clients. I love helping couples and use Emotionally Focus Therapy in addition to CBT techniques.
I provide safe, accepting, and mindful environment as well as culturally sensitive services for children, adults, and families who are experiencing difficulties with emotional stress such as anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress, behavioral issues such as ADHD, defiant, and oppositional behaviors, culture-related stress such as immigration and issues regarding identity including gender variant clients. I love helping couples and use Emotionally Focus Therapy in addition to CBT techniques.
(916) 347-5794 View (916) 347-5794
Photo of Andrea Bruce, Psychologist in Fair Oaks, CA
Andrea Bruce
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Fair Oaks, CA 95628
I provide psychological services to individuals experiencing difficulties with: anxiety, depression, AD/HD, high functioning Autism, trauma, PTSD/C-PTSD, grief, and relationship difficulties. Additionally, I provide supportive integrative health coaching (as a part of psychological services), for those who experience chronic physical conditions that can interrupt or impact quality of life (ie: pain, autoimmune disorders, diabetes, etc).
I provide psychological services to individuals experiencing difficulties with: anxiety, depression, AD/HD, high functioning Autism, trauma, PTSD/C-PTSD, grief, and relationship difficulties. Additionally, I provide supportive integrative health coaching (as a part of psychological services), for those who experience chronic physical conditions that can interrupt or impact quality of life (ie: pain, autoimmune disorders, diabetes, etc).
(916) 347-4234 View (916) 347-4234
Photo of Kenny J Hill Sr, Drug & Alcohol Counselor in Fair Oaks, CA
Kenny J Hill Sr
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, CADC 3, IS, CPT
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Fair Oaks, CA 95628
Trauma: Trauma is part of the human condition, and past trauma will drive future behavioral choices. We will work on the trauma that is causing poor symptomology. Brainspotting is cutting-edge trauma treatment can speed up the healing process, so that life's previous experiences can stop controlling your present negative actions. (See https://www.recoveryhill.info/brainspotting-trauma-therapy to find out more). The act of researching for help makes the correct assumption that your life matters! My practice, Recovery Hill, specializes with Trauma & Substance Abuse, from adolescents to seniors, all genders, Vets & First Responders.
Trauma: Trauma is part of the human condition, and past trauma will drive future behavioral choices. We will work on the trauma that is causing poor symptomology. Brainspotting is cutting-edge trauma treatment can speed up the healing process, so that life's previous experiences can stop controlling your present negative actions. (See https://www.recoveryhill.info/brainspotting-trauma-therapy to find out more). The act of researching for help makes the correct assumption that your life matters! My practice, Recovery Hill, specializes with Trauma & Substance Abuse, from adolescents to seniors, all genders, Vets & First Responders.
(916) 721-2247 View (916) 721-2247
Jack Roland
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW
Verified Verified
Fair Oaks, CA 95628
Over 15 years I have developed a warm direct approach to therapy, while helping people heal persistent emotional and behavioral problems. I strive to build a friendly atmosphere encouraging a sense of security and hope, evaluating each person’s unique experience in a confidential and non-judgmental way. My goal is to foster a sincere relationship based on trust and compassion, which helps a client/s to overcome the anxiety of sharing their deepest thoughts, feelings and experiences. This redeeming process enables a person to understand and overcome emotional adversity resulting in a sense of relief, accomplishment, and growth.
Over 15 years I have developed a warm direct approach to therapy, while helping people heal persistent emotional and behavioral problems. I strive to build a friendly atmosphere encouraging a sense of security and hope, evaluating each person’s unique experience in a confidential and non-judgmental way. My goal is to foster a sincere relationship based on trust and compassion, which helps a client/s to overcome the anxiety of sharing their deepest thoughts, feelings and experiences. This redeeming process enables a person to understand and overcome emotional adversity resulting in a sense of relief, accomplishment, and growth.
(916) 270-0887 View (916) 270-0887
Photo of Tom Paderna, Registered Psychological Assistant in Fair Oaks, CA
Tom Paderna
Registered Psychological Assistant, MS
Verified Verified
Fair Oaks, CA 95628
“We are all going through something.” – Anonymous. Feeling stuck, overwhelmed and unable to move forward and live your best life? Oftentimes it’s about your relationships, communicating with your partner, major decisions, or facing life’s unexpected challenges. Every so often it can even be those long-standing issues that you’ve been able to deal with, but this time, you just need a little help. To be human is to be in a relationship. Relationships can be with your spouse or partner, with your family, or even with Yourself.
“We are all going through something.” – Anonymous. Feeling stuck, overwhelmed and unable to move forward and live your best life? Oftentimes it’s about your relationships, communicating with your partner, major decisions, or facing life’s unexpected challenges. Every so often it can even be those long-standing issues that you’ve been able to deal with, but this time, you just need a little help. To be human is to be in a relationship. Relationships can be with your spouse or partner, with your family, or even with Yourself.
(916) 312-1663 x710 View (916) 312-1663 x710
Photo of Deborah Davis, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fair Oaks, CA
Deborah Davis
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
Fair Oaks, CA 95628
Do you have an inner critic that's leading you to question yourself and your worth? Learn to love yourself and live authentically Prioritize yourself and your needs without feeling guilty Feel connected and fulfilled in your relationships Communicate with your loved ones in healthy ways. In our work together, we'll focus on helping you quiet your inner critic, identify what you want and express what you need, and ultimately embrace your authentic self. creasing intimacy. We will work on healing past wounds, improving communication, restoring connection, decreasing conflict, solidifying your relationship.
Do you have an inner critic that's leading you to question yourself and your worth? Learn to love yourself and live authentically Prioritize yourself and your needs without feeling guilty Feel connected and fulfilled in your relationships Communicate with your loved ones in healthy ways. In our work together, we'll focus on helping you quiet your inner critic, identify what you want and express what you need, and ultimately embrace your authentic self. creasing intimacy. We will work on healing past wounds, improving communication, restoring connection, decreasing conflict, solidifying your relationship.
(916) 473-2502 View (916) 473-2502
Photo of Paul Singh, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Fair Oaks, CA
Paul Singh
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MA, AMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Fair Oaks, CA 95628
When it comes to our mental health and our relationships, often we believe that it is better to say nothing and go with the flow. That enduring through difficult times and biting the bullet is better than using our voices to disrupt the cycle of dysfunction around us. Using our voice can be incredibly difficult and at times feel so awkward because we have become used to suffocating our emotions. It is okay to have feelings. It is okay to want change. The true measure of strength is not our ability to endure dysfunction but having the courage to stand up and say, “It stops here.” I can help.
When it comes to our mental health and our relationships, often we believe that it is better to say nothing and go with the flow. That enduring through difficult times and biting the bullet is better than using our voices to disrupt the cycle of dysfunction around us. Using our voice can be incredibly difficult and at times feel so awkward because we have become used to suffocating our emotions. It is okay to have feelings. It is okay to want change. The true measure of strength is not our ability to endure dysfunction but having the courage to stand up and say, “It stops here.” I can help.
(916) 354-6518 View (916) 354-6518
Photo of Janet Greenwood, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fair Oaks, CA
Janet Greenwood
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, RN, MFT
Verified Verified
Fair Oaks, CA 95628
I specialize in working with couples wanting to recover from a crisis. I offer over 30 years experience as a Certified Imago Relationship Therapist, PhD, RN, Licensed marriage therapist. You can select either our 10 Hour Couples Program or the 5 hour private Intensive Couples Session. Prevent unnecessary divorce; change begins the first session. Increase emotional and physical intimacy and fall back in love with your partner.
I specialize in working with couples wanting to recover from a crisis. I offer over 30 years experience as a Certified Imago Relationship Therapist, PhD, RN, Licensed marriage therapist. You can select either our 10 Hour Couples Program or the 5 hour private Intensive Couples Session. Prevent unnecessary divorce; change begins the first session. Increase emotional and physical intimacy and fall back in love with your partner.
(916) 546-1518 View (916) 546-1518
Photo of Kristen Crichton, Marriage & Family Therapist in Fair Oaks, CA
Kristen Crichton
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LMFT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Fair Oaks, CA 95628
You are making a huge step in reaching out for help right now! I understand how overwhelming it can be choosing the right therapist for you. My hope is that in choosing to work with me, you will find a safe and supportive environment where you can work through some of life's toughest issues. I feel confident that I can give you the tools you need to get through this trial. I have been successfully helping individuals, couples and families get un-stuck for over a decade. I hope you will give me the chance to help you too!
You are making a huge step in reaching out for help right now! I understand how overwhelming it can be choosing the right therapist for you. My hope is that in choosing to work with me, you will find a safe and supportive environment where you can work through some of life's toughest issues. I feel confident that I can give you the tools you need to get through this trial. I have been successfully helping individuals, couples and families get un-stuck for over a decade. I hope you will give me the chance to help you too!
(916) 226-4738 View (916) 226-4738

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Fair Oaks, CA

100+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Fair Oaks, CA who prioritize treating:

96% Anxiety
93% Depression
80% Relationship Issues
76% Trauma and PTSD
74% Grief
73% Self Esteem
65% Coping Skills

Average years in practice

11 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

61% Optum
57% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
53% Aetna

How Therapists in Fair Oaks, CA see their clients

87% In Person and Online
13% Online Only

Gender breakdown

78% Female
21% Male
1% Non-Binary

FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Fair Oaks?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.