Christian Therapists in 77005

Photo of Rachel Hunter, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 77005, TX
Rachel Hunter
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
Houston, TX 77005  (Online Only)
I am a Christian, Licensed Clinical Social Worker trained to work with individuals, couples, and groups and have been doing so for 12+ years.
You do NOT have to leave your Faith at the door! I work with Christians looking to incorporate their Faith into their therapeutic journey. Perhaps you have been struggling with all that life has been throwing you - grief, loss, breakup, workplace stress, or family issues. Maybe you have felt alone in your journey and have questioned whether God even sees or hears you. If that's YOU, I'd love to walk beside you and help you heal from past trauma, learn healthy coping skills, and teach you how to live a more abundant life! I also provide training and consulting for Faith-based organizations looking to learn more about Wellness.
I am a Christian, Licensed Clinical Social Worker trained to work with individuals, couples, and groups and have been doing so for 12+ years.
You do NOT have to leave your Faith at the door! I work with Christians looking to incorporate their Faith into their therapeutic journey. Perhaps you have been struggling with all that life has been throwing you - grief, loss, breakup, workplace stress, or family issues. Maybe you have felt alone in your journey and have questioned whether God even sees or hears you. If that's YOU, I'd love to walk beside you and help you heal from past trauma, learn healthy coping skills, and teach you how to live a more abundant life! I also provide training and consulting for Faith-based organizations looking to learn more about Wellness.
(737) 302-6248 View (737) 302-6248
Photo of Beauty for Ashes Healing Center (Stacey Gooden), Licensed Professional Counselor in 77005, TX
Beauty for Ashes Healing Center (Stacey Gooden)
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Houston, TX 77005  (Online Only)
Waitlist for new clients
Christian counseling is one of my greatest joys and passions, as it incorporates Biblical principles combined with therapeutic strategies.
Welcome to Beauty for Ashes! My name is Stacey, and I'm grateful to journey alongside you as we navigate this season of life together. Whether you are walking through recent stressors, or have felt stuck in the same cycle for decades, it’s never too early or too late to experience greater freedom in your life. I am certified in EMDR Therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, and am a Certified First Responder Counselor (CFRC); also trained in Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP) effective in treating Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD).
Christian counseling is one of my greatest joys and passions, as it incorporates Biblical principles combined with therapeutic strategies.
Welcome to Beauty for Ashes! My name is Stacey, and I'm grateful to journey alongside you as we navigate this season of life together. Whether you are walking through recent stressors, or have felt stuck in the same cycle for decades, it’s never too early or too late to experience greater freedom in your life. I am certified in EMDR Therapy, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, and am a Certified First Responder Counselor (CFRC); also trained in Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP) effective in treating Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD).
(832) 909-1423 View (832) 909-1423
FLO Counseling Services
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Houston, TX 77005
Providing emotional, social, and personal development counseling services and Christian counseling. Working with late teens, young adults, adults and seasoned adults. Delivering counseling on depression, life stressors, adjustments, academics, post-secondary planning, anger management, anxiety, coping skills, relationships, retirement, and post-trauma.
Providing emotional, social, and personal development counseling services and Christian counseling. Working with late teens, young adults, adults and seasoned adults. Delivering counseling on depression, life stressors, adjustments, academics, post-secondary planning, anger management, anxiety, coping skills, relationships, retirement, and post-trauma.
(281) 377-0278 View (281) 377-0278
Photo of Michelle Salzman, Licensed Professional Counselor in 77005, TX
Michelle Salzman
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, MEd, LPC-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
West University Place, TX 77005  (Online Only)
Acting like everything is okay but secretly falling apart? Need change? I can help. I work with women and men ages 18 & up. My specialties include anxiety, depression, gaslighting, spiritual abuse, divorce recovery, chronic illness/pain, & hormonal imbalance. I use EMDR, DBT and PRT interventions. Our sessions would be online only. I can see you wherever you are in Texas. Contact me today! I am available for supervision of motivated LPC-A's looking for a quality supervisor in the state of Texas. I offer Christian counseling/ supervision when requested. Paneled with BCBS- PPO, Cigna, UHC, and Aetna.
Acting like everything is okay but secretly falling apart? Need change? I can help. I work with women and men ages 18 & up. My specialties include anxiety, depression, gaslighting, spiritual abuse, divorce recovery, chronic illness/pain, & hormonal imbalance. I use EMDR, DBT and PRT interventions. Our sessions would be online only. I can see you wherever you are in Texas. Contact me today! I am available for supervision of motivated LPC-A's looking for a quality supervisor in the state of Texas. I offer Christian counseling/ supervision when requested. Paneled with BCBS- PPO, Cigna, UHC, and Aetna.
(682) 334-8621 View (682) 334-8621
Photo of Casiah Evans, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in 77005, TX
Casiah Evans
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MS, LMFT-A
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Houston, TX 77005
“Do 2 journey together unless they agree?” Amos 3:3 You DONT have to be Superwoman/Superman. Children/teens navigating parent divorce or a recent move? Let’s talk about it. To those of you that are tired of smiling outwardly, but inwardly not feeling like yourself; adjusting to life transitions marriage or a new job; seeking a sense of belonging; feeling stuck - it’s no coincidence that you’re reading this. Let’s figure out the next steps, you’re the expert I’m here to walk with you. I work with individuals, teens, adults, long lived adults, couples and families. Faith-based (Christian counseling) can be incorporated upon request.
“Do 2 journey together unless they agree?” Amos 3:3 You DONT have to be Superwoman/Superman. Children/teens navigating parent divorce or a recent move? Let’s talk about it. To those of you that are tired of smiling outwardly, but inwardly not feeling like yourself; adjusting to life transitions marriage or a new job; seeking a sense of belonging; feeling stuck - it’s no coincidence that you’re reading this. Let’s figure out the next steps, you’re the expert I’m here to walk with you. I work with individuals, teens, adults, long lived adults, couples and families. Faith-based (Christian counseling) can be incorporated upon request.
(832) 346-9298 View (832) 346-9298
Photo of Madison Bradley, Licensed Professional Counselor in 77005, TX
Madison Bradley
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Houston, TX 77005
My approach is to come alongside clients to cultivate insight on current patterns, uncover roots of the problem, empower with tools, and foster an environment for holistic growth in line with client goals. I enjoy working with children, teens, and adults through a variety of concerns such as anxiety, depression, grief and loss, identity, life transitions, with special interest in all types of trauma including relational hurts, and spiritual wounds. Client often ask to bring in EMDR, especially for stuck places. I am also able to include integrating a Christian worldview in the counseling process for those who desire.
My approach is to come alongside clients to cultivate insight on current patterns, uncover roots of the problem, empower with tools, and foster an environment for holistic growth in line with client goals. I enjoy working with children, teens, and adults through a variety of concerns such as anxiety, depression, grief and loss, identity, life transitions, with special interest in all types of trauma including relational hurts, and spiritual wounds. Client often ask to bring in EMDR, especially for stuck places. I am also able to include integrating a Christian worldview in the counseling process for those who desire.
(832) 957-0488 x107 View (832) 957-0488 x107
Photo of Margaret Picou, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in 77005, TX
Margaret Picou
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LCSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Houston, TX 77005  (Online Only)
Experience & focus includes: Christian/Faith Based Counseling, Women's Issues, Self esteem, Stress / anxiety/ fear, Relationship issues, Hopelessness, Depression, Fertility issues, Grief & loss, & Physical issues.
Margaret holds credentials as a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) in both Texas and Louisiana. Her background includes a Masters Degree in Social Work, with a focus on Direct Practice in Mental Health and a BA Degree in Psychology both from Louisiana State University. She has experience helping clients with stress and anxiety, fear, relationship issues, grief and loss, depression, and improving motivation, self esteem, and confidence.
Experience & focus includes: Christian/Faith Based Counseling, Women's Issues, Self esteem, Stress / anxiety/ fear, Relationship issues, Hopelessness, Depression, Fertility issues, Grief & loss, & Physical issues.
Margaret holds credentials as a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) in both Texas and Louisiana. Her background includes a Masters Degree in Social Work, with a focus on Direct Practice in Mental Health and a BA Degree in Psychology both from Louisiana State University. She has experience helping clients with stress and anxiety, fear, relationship issues, grief and loss, depression, and improving motivation, self esteem, and confidence.
(713) 804-6186 View (713) 804-6186
Photo of Esther E Ogbonda, Licensed Professional Counselor in 77005, TX
Esther E Ogbonda
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LCDCi, BCCC
Verified Verified
Houston, TX 77005
Dear Prospective Clients, I am a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC), National Certified Counselor (NCC) in the State of Texas and, a Board-Certified Counselor (BCCC) recognized by the National Association of Christian Counselors (NACC). I started out as a Teacher in Inner and Outer London schools in the United Kingdom working with children, adolescents, and their families. I have worked with clients from all walks of life, including clients from all faith/no faith background comprising of children, adolescents, adults, and their families. I am very passionate about Counseling and I believe that I can help the needy to stand.
Dear Prospective Clients, I am a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC), National Certified Counselor (NCC) in the State of Texas and, a Board-Certified Counselor (BCCC) recognized by the National Association of Christian Counselors (NACC). I started out as a Teacher in Inner and Outer London schools in the United Kingdom working with children, adolescents, and their families. I have worked with clients from all walks of life, including clients from all faith/no faith background comprising of children, adolescents, adults, and their families. I am very passionate about Counseling and I believe that I can help the needy to stand.
(346) 515-5810 View (346) 515-5810
Photo of Valeria Dubourdieu, Licensed Professional Counselor in 77005, TX
Valeria Dubourdieu
Licensed Professional Counselor, MEd, LPC, NCC
Verified Verified
Houston, TX 77005  (Online Only)
Faith-based therapy- Christian Catholic.
Yes, therapy can change your life! I understand that it can be a scary step, but it can be one of the bravest things you do for yourself. You no longer have to try to do it all on your own. Through a safe and compassionate approach, I will help you create a roadmap for your healing, inner peace, and self-confidence. And when THERAPY is combined with your FAITH, it can become one of the most powerful practices to create transformations from the inside out. “Do not let your hearts be troubled; do not be afraid." John 14:27
Faith-based therapy- Christian Catholic.
Yes, therapy can change your life! I understand that it can be a scary step, but it can be one of the bravest things you do for yourself. You no longer have to try to do it all on your own. Through a safe and compassionate approach, I will help you create a roadmap for your healing, inner peace, and self-confidence. And when THERAPY is combined with your FAITH, it can become one of the most powerful practices to create transformations from the inside out. “Do not let your hearts be troubled; do not be afraid." John 14:27
(979) 406-6653 View (979) 406-6653
Photo of SALT Christian Counseling, Licensed Professional Counselor in 77005, TX
SALT Christian Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor, PhD, LPC-S, NCC
Verified Verified
At SALT Christian Counseling we are committed to helping you preserve your life as you navigate turbulant times so that you may find flavor again! "You are the salt of the earth.
It's your time! I sincerely believe that everyone deserves a productive and peaceful life. Having a knowledgable and compassionate therapist can help in this wonderful journey. I would love to be your thearapist! There is no more time for excuses. Just think of where you would like to be this time next year; what about next month? Begin today. You are totally worth it, and so are your loved ones who depend on you. Remember: God has not given us a spirit of fear, but of power,love, and a sound mind. 2 Timothy 1:7
At SALT Christian Counseling we are committed to helping you preserve your life as you navigate turbulant times so that you may find flavor again! "You are the salt of the earth.
It's your time! I sincerely believe that everyone deserves a productive and peaceful life. Having a knowledgable and compassionate therapist can help in this wonderful journey. I would love to be your thearapist! There is no more time for excuses. Just think of where you would like to be this time next year; what about next month? Begin today. You are totally worth it, and so are your loved ones who depend on you. Remember: God has not given us a spirit of fear, but of power,love, and a sound mind. 2 Timothy 1:7
(346) 222-4446 View (346) 222-4446
Photo of Ron Gravis, Licensed Professional Counselor in 77005, TX
Ron Gravis
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LCDC, EMDR, CSAT, CMAT
Verified Verified
Houston, TX 77005
I'm a committed Christian therapist/value God's unique place in our therapy room - yet I welcome members of all faiths and beliefs.
I focus on/value your needs first. As we check-in together, connection, trust and comfort create an honest space for you to share and grow. I approach therapy as a dynamic partnership - where proven technique and deep relational connection yield cognitive, emotional and spiritual integration. Honing technique to fit client needs + personalized connectivity yields clarity and growth. Moving through the process, we target and work toward this result...together.
I'm a committed Christian therapist/value God's unique place in our therapy room - yet I welcome members of all faiths and beliefs.
I focus on/value your needs first. As we check-in together, connection, trust and comfort create an honest space for you to share and grow. I approach therapy as a dynamic partnership - where proven technique and deep relational connection yield cognitive, emotional and spiritual integration. Honing technique to fit client needs + personalized connectivity yields clarity and growth. Moving through the process, we target and work toward this result...together.
(832) 219-8993 View (832) 219-8993
Photo of Michael Lanman, Licensed Professional Counselor in 77005, TX
Michael Lanman
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
West University Place, TX 77005  (Online Only)
I'm taking new Telehealth clients. My ideal client is someone who may be having difficulties with personal relationships, depression, anxiety, stresses of life, or workplace issues. Counseling is about helping people find hope for life's difficulties and ways to cope with struggles. My clients may need to restore relationships, and find new meaning in their life and work. I provide Christian, spiritual, and secular counseling with the aim of helping clients draw on the strength of their faith to better cope when they are feeling out of control.
I'm taking new Telehealth clients. My ideal client is someone who may be having difficulties with personal relationships, depression, anxiety, stresses of life, or workplace issues. Counseling is about helping people find hope for life's difficulties and ways to cope with struggles. My clients may need to restore relationships, and find new meaning in their life and work. I provide Christian, spiritual, and secular counseling with the aim of helping clients draw on the strength of their faith to better cope when they are feeling out of control.
(281) 241-1845 View (281) 241-1845
Photo of Amanda Paige Rang, Licensed Professional Counselor in 77005, TX
Amanda Paige Rang
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Houston, TX 77005
Amanda has helped clients with a variety of issues and specialized in working with adolescents and women in building self-confidence, discovering and embracing their identity, and creating a purposeful, whole-hearted life.
Amanda has helped clients with a variety of issues and specialized in working with adolescents and women in building self-confidence, discovering and embracing their identity, and creating a purposeful, whole-hearted life.
(832) 219-6043 x103 View (832) 219-6043 x103
Photo of Lia Watson, Licensed Professional Counselor in 77005, TX
Lia Watson
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC-S
Verified Verified
4 Endorsed
Houston, TX 77005  (Online Only)
At Liason Counseling Services, we specialize in a diverse array of areas, including depression management, communication enhancement, addressing women's issues, fostering work-life balance, boosting self-esteem, managing anger, and stress mitigation. No matter what challenges you're facing, know that you're not alone, and together, we can navigate through them
At Liason Counseling Services, we specialize in a diverse array of areas, including depression management, communication enhancement, addressing women's issues, fostering work-life balance, boosting self-esteem, managing anger, and stress mitigation. No matter what challenges you're facing, know that you're not alone, and together, we can navigate through them
(832) 271-7011 View (832) 271-7011
Photo of Randy Free Psychiatric Counselor And Executive Coach, Licensed Professional Counselor Associate in 77005, TX
Randy Free Psychiatric Counselor And Executive Coach
Licensed Professional Counselor Associate, LPCA, APCC, NCC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Houston, TX 77005  (Online Only)
Hey, I am glad that you found me, I am here to help. From childhood I had internalized negative beliefs about myself. It wasn’t until I was a young adult that I realized how these beliefs were thwarting my potential, causing anxiety, and depression. I call them silent saboteurs because these false beliefs work subconsciously to filter every event assigning meaning and value. Left unchecked, they make our lives very small. Fortunately I have found the key to defeating my silent saboteurs and I am ready to teach it to you. I can show you how to replace the negative narratives that steal your confidence and unleash your potential.
Hey, I am glad that you found me, I am here to help. From childhood I had internalized negative beliefs about myself. It wasn’t until I was a young adult that I realized how these beliefs were thwarting my potential, causing anxiety, and depression. I call them silent saboteurs because these false beliefs work subconsciously to filter every event assigning meaning and value. Left unchecked, they make our lives very small. Fortunately I have found the key to defeating my silent saboteurs and I am ready to teach it to you. I can show you how to replace the negative narratives that steal your confidence and unleash your potential.
(832) 937-9914 View (832) 937-9914
Photo of Ryan Neal Forbes, Licensed Professional Counselor in 77005, TX
Ryan Neal Forbes
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC-S
Verified Verified
Houston, TX 77005
Waitlist for new clients
I am interested in helping you become the best person you can be...for yourself and for your family. I want to help you accept and grow from your past experiences and improve your future. My practice is focused on High impact individuals who have discovered that their past or present is potentially impacting their future. I am looking for clients who are ready to act and are committed to change. Ready to move themselves to another level of success while also maintaining relationships. I enjoy working with individuals and couples to work towards a common goal.
I am interested in helping you become the best person you can be...for yourself and for your family. I want to help you accept and grow from your past experiences and improve your future. My practice is focused on High impact individuals who have discovered that their past or present is potentially impacting their future. I am looking for clients who are ready to act and are committed to change. Ready to move themselves to another level of success while also maintaining relationships. I enjoy working with individuals and couples to work towards a common goal.
(318) 480-4292 View (318) 480-4292
Photo of Lou Walleck, Licensed Professional Counselor in 77005, TX
Lou Walleck
Licensed Professional Counselor, MAMFT, TBRI, LPC, LMHC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Houston, TX 77005  (Online Only)
*Lou is offering Telehealth Appointments for women across Texas & Florida.* I am a wife, mom of three, executive director of a nonprofit, beach lover, avid reader, aspiring runner, and amateur paddle boarder. I treat anxiety, depression and a variety of other issues that steal your joy. I learned early on that I love working with women. I believe that no matter where you're at, hope is not lost. My faith in Jesus shapes my counseling practice. I have lived long enough to see God turn terrible tragedies into something meaningful and even beautiful. My therapeutic style is warm, compassionate, and present.
*Lou is offering Telehealth Appointments for women across Texas & Florida.* I am a wife, mom of three, executive director of a nonprofit, beach lover, avid reader, aspiring runner, and amateur paddle boarder. I treat anxiety, depression and a variety of other issues that steal your joy. I learned early on that I love working with women. I believe that no matter where you're at, hope is not lost. My faith in Jesus shapes my counseling practice. I have lived long enough to see God turn terrible tragedies into something meaningful and even beautiful. My therapeutic style is warm, compassionate, and present.
(850) 854-8623 View (850) 854-8623
Photo of Lisa Wilson, Licensed Professional Counselor in 77005, TX
Lisa Wilson
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, LCDC
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Houston, TX 77005  (Online Only)
Hello! Are you grappling with anxiety, depression, or trying to navigate life's changes? Do you need assistance with coping strategies or emotional regulation? I'm here to help, I am a bilingual clinician proficient in both English and Spanish.
Hello! Are you grappling with anxiety, depression, or trying to navigate life's changes? Do you need assistance with coping strategies or emotional regulation? I'm here to help, I am a bilingual clinician proficient in both English and Spanish.
(806) 542-3274 View (806) 542-3274
Photo of Gloria Mann, Licensed Professional Counselor in 77005, TX
Gloria Mann
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Houston, TX 77005  (Online Only)
I am honored to have the opportunity to walk with you in your journey. Trusting others can be hard, and I am committed to cultivating a safe place where you can share your story. My goal is for you to feel empowered to explore and share your fears and joy. Every person has faced challenges, and and I hope to create a safe place for you to be fully seen and celebrated. As you navigate the terrain of your life, I look forward to providing you with a listening ear and self-advocacy tools and strategies. Together, we will pursue healing and help you discover the courage and resiliency you have to meet life's challenges.
I am honored to have the opportunity to walk with you in your journey. Trusting others can be hard, and I am committed to cultivating a safe place where you can share your story. My goal is for you to feel empowered to explore and share your fears and joy. Every person has faced challenges, and and I hope to create a safe place for you to be fully seen and celebrated. As you navigate the terrain of your life, I look forward to providing you with a listening ear and self-advocacy tools and strategies. Together, we will pursue healing and help you discover the courage and resiliency you have to meet life's challenges.
(512) 969-2155 View (512) 969-2155
Photo of Capturing Thoughts Counseling, Licensed Professional Counselor in 77005, TX
Capturing Thoughts Counseling
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Houston, TX 77005  (Online Only)
Is This You? Have you been struggling with your emotions? Do you have outbursts or find yourself crying for no reason? Do you often question your abilities, despite your accomplishments, and feel like an imposter in your own life? Are you tired of feeling constantly sad or angry, unable to identify the triggers behind these emotions, leaving you feeling overwhelmed and helpless? Life can feel like an uphill battle when anxiety takes over, and those intrusive thoughts become an unwelcome, constant companion.
Is This You? Have you been struggling with your emotions? Do you have outbursts or find yourself crying for no reason? Do you often question your abilities, despite your accomplishments, and feel like an imposter in your own life? Are you tired of feeling constantly sad or angry, unable to identify the triggers behind these emotions, leaving you feeling overwhelmed and helpless? Life can feel like an uphill battle when anxiety takes over, and those intrusive thoughts become an unwelcome, constant companion.
(512) 890-0096 View (512) 890-0096
Christian Therapists

Why is it important for a therapist to be culturally sensitive?

Therapists and clients don’t need to share the same belief system or background to be able to work effectively together, but a therapist whose training includes a focus on cultural competence may be better able to form a therapeutic bond with individuals from a range of backgrounds, as they will have experience in tailoring their approach to each client—and will be prepared to acknowledge and consider the effects of culture, religion, and other factors on each individual.

Why is it important to find a therapist sensitive to Christian values?

Each person brings a unique history and background to therapy, making it important to find a licensed therapist who is trained in a broad range of treatment modalities. In addition, for people who grow up in a faith tradition that strongly influences the way they conduct their everyday life, finding a therapist who understands or shares that background can ease the disclosure of sensitive information and facilitate the therapeutic process. For some clients, a Christian therapist is likely to incorporate faith-based principles into emotional healing techniques.

How do I recognize an effective Christian therapist?

Christian therapists are licensed mental health professionals—holding a master’s or doctoral degree in medicine, nursing, psychology, counseling, social work, or marriage and family therapy—who are also familiar with Christian beliefs and values. They have an understanding of the importance that Christian principles play in the lives of individuals and families, which allows them to be especially sensitive to the kinds of struggles that can affect daily functioning. Like all effective therapists, a Christian therapist will have undergone training and certification in a variety of treatment modalities that help people through crises and enable them to master the challenges of life.

Why might someone feel comfortable with a Christian therapist?

While training, qualifications, and experience are always important, research has long established that a strong alliance between client and therapist is a major contributor to therapeutic success. An alliance is likely to be strengthened with a therapist who not only is responsive to questions and concerns but also shares a client’s faith and values. Sensitivity to spiritual matters as well as to everyday struggles can provide a welcome sense of safety and contribute to the bond between client and therapist, both of which support the therapeutic process.

Who is included in Psychology Today’s directory of Christian therapists?

The directory of Christian therapists includes professionals who have shared their background in their profiles. However, not all therapists choose to disclose this information, and they may not appear in search results for this reason. The directory also shows therapists who indicate that they have extensive experience working with Christian clients, regardless of their own background or religious affiliation.