Therapists in Scottsdale, AZ

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Photo of Carol Mellen, Psychologist in Scottsdale, AZ
Carol Mellen
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
Scottsdale, AZ 85254
Dr. Carol Mellen has been a licensed psychologist in the Phoenix/Scottsdale area for over 30 years. She strives to make a difference in the lives of her clients and is trained and experienced in providing clinical and forensic and forensic informed services including court appointed evaluations and therapy, psycho-legal consultation, diagnostic assessments, custody and personal injury evaluations and expert witness testimony.
Dr. Carol Mellen has been a licensed psychologist in the Phoenix/Scottsdale area for over 30 years. She strives to make a difference in the lives of her clients and is trained and experienced in providing clinical and forensic and forensic informed services including court appointed evaluations and therapy, psycho-legal consultation, diagnostic assessments, custody and personal injury evaluations and expert witness testimony.
(480) 685-8578 View (480) 685-8578
Photo of Annie Memmott, Counselor in Scottsdale, AZ
Annie Memmott
Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
Scottsdale, AZ 85260  (Online Only)
How different are you? It may feel like there is just no corner of the planet where you can be yourself. You have spent your whole life trying to be what everyone else wanted you to be. When you think about who you are, you can't really put a finger on what that is exactly. Maybe you believe that if you just play along with everyone else you will be safe, successful, and better off. My question is, what has playing along cost you? Are you ready to stop playing along and make the change you have always desired? If so I am so ready to meet you!
How different are you? It may feel like there is just no corner of the planet where you can be yourself. You have spent your whole life trying to be what everyone else wanted you to be. When you think about who you are, you can't really put a finger on what that is exactly. Maybe you believe that if you just play along with everyone else you will be safe, successful, and better off. My question is, what has playing along cost you? Are you ready to stop playing along and make the change you have always desired? If so I am so ready to meet you!
(480) 680-0445 View (480) 680-0445
Photo of Allison O'Leary, Counselor in Scottsdale, AZ
Allison O'Leary
Counselor, MA, MS, LAC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Scottsdale, AZ 85257
I am so glad you are taking this first step. I know how hard it can be to get started. I am here to help you feel comfortable throughout this process. I help individuals and couples who are feeling stuck, hopeless, lonely or disconnected from others. I specialize in relational trauma, relationship distress, and family of origin challenges. Anything less than nurturing that has happened to you, can be stored in the body as trauma. I am deeply passionate about helping individuals, and couples, make sense of past experiences so they can live more freely and authentically in the present.
I am so glad you are taking this first step. I know how hard it can be to get started. I am here to help you feel comfortable throughout this process. I help individuals and couples who are feeling stuck, hopeless, lonely or disconnected from others. I specialize in relational trauma, relationship distress, and family of origin challenges. Anything less than nurturing that has happened to you, can be stored in the body as trauma. I am deeply passionate about helping individuals, and couples, make sense of past experiences so they can live more freely and authentically in the present.
(623) 462-2661 View (623) 462-2661
Photo of Marilyn Cabay, Psychologist in Scottsdale, AZ
Marilyn Cabay
Psychologist, PhD
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Scottsdale, AZ 85251
I am a licensed psychologist dedicated to helping people facing emotional, social and cognitive challenges. My approach to psychotherapy draws from person-centered, cognitive-behavioral, and psychodynamic theories. With compassion and respect I work to help individuals find personal strength and resilience to experience a better quality of life.
I am a licensed psychologist dedicated to helping people facing emotional, social and cognitive challenges. My approach to psychotherapy draws from person-centered, cognitive-behavioral, and psychodynamic theories. With compassion and respect I work to help individuals find personal strength and resilience to experience a better quality of life.
(602) 717-2589 View (602) 717-2589
Photo of Beth Coyle, Licensed Professional Counselor in Scottsdale, AZ
Beth Coyle
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Scottsdale, AZ 85251
Having support and feeling connected can go a long way when one is having to navigate life’s challenges and learn how to create meaningful change. I would love to have the opportunity to learn about you and help you to heal, grow and restore balance. The therapeutic process is a way for you to explore your inner strength and find solutions. As a therapist, I provide a non-judgmental and thoughtful space so that you feel comfortable sharing your unique life experiences with me. I work collaboratively with you to assess and change dysfunctional cognitions, learn skills to effectively manage emotions, and educate you on ways to
Having support and feeling connected can go a long way when one is having to navigate life’s challenges and learn how to create meaningful change. I would love to have the opportunity to learn about you and help you to heal, grow and restore balance. The therapeutic process is a way for you to explore your inner strength and find solutions. As a therapist, I provide a non-judgmental and thoughtful space so that you feel comfortable sharing your unique life experiences with me. I work collaboratively with you to assess and change dysfunctional cognitions, learn skills to effectively manage emotions, and educate you on ways to
(480) 530-8406 View (480) 530-8406
Photo of Kelly LaPorta, Marriage & Family Therapist in Scottsdale, AZ
Kelly LaPorta
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, MFT
Verified Verified
Scottsdale, AZ 85260
Life is hard, and none of us are immune to the effects of human suffering. Loneliness, anger, anxiety, unresolved grief, relationship struggles, codependency, imposter syndrome, spiritual confusion, and feelings of emptiness are just a few of the ways that pain can surface in our lives and keep us disconnected or overwhelmed. In our work together, we will begin to compassionately understand the many layers of your self - including your unique personality, behaviors, thoughts, patterns, past struggles, and future hopes. We will then take steps to help you heal from past pain, and create a life of more meaning, presence, and peace .
Life is hard, and none of us are immune to the effects of human suffering. Loneliness, anger, anxiety, unresolved grief, relationship struggles, codependency, imposter syndrome, spiritual confusion, and feelings of emptiness are just a few of the ways that pain can surface in our lives and keep us disconnected or overwhelmed. In our work together, we will begin to compassionately understand the many layers of your self - including your unique personality, behaviors, thoughts, patterns, past struggles, and future hopes. We will then take steps to help you heal from past pain, and create a life of more meaning, presence, and peace .
(480) 389-5535 View (480) 389-5535
Photo of Ami Owen, Marriage & Family Therapist in Scottsdale, AZ
Ami Owen
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, LMFT, CCTP, CCTS
Verified Verified
Scottsdale, AZ 85254
Dr. Ami Owen received her undergraduate degree in Social Science/Psychology. She received her Master’s in Family Therapy with an advanced emphasis on families and trauma. Dr. Owen also received a Doctorate in Counseling and is a Clinically Certified Trauma Professional. She is Licensed in TX, ID, WA, AZ, FL, CA, UT and a nationally approved supervisor through the American Association of Marriage and Family Therapists (AAMFT). She takes delight in mentoring therapists on the complexities of family systems and consults with providers across the country to improve systems approaches.
Dr. Ami Owen received her undergraduate degree in Social Science/Psychology. She received her Master’s in Family Therapy with an advanced emphasis on families and trauma. Dr. Owen also received a Doctorate in Counseling and is a Clinically Certified Trauma Professional. She is Licensed in TX, ID, WA, AZ, FL, CA, UT and a nationally approved supervisor through the American Association of Marriage and Family Therapists (AAMFT). She takes delight in mentoring therapists on the complexities of family systems and consults with providers across the country to improve systems approaches.
(602) 691-7820 View (602) 691-7820
Photo of Minon Maier, Marriage & Family Therapist in Scottsdale, AZ
Minon Maier
Marriage & Family Therapist, LMFT
Verified Verified
8 Endorsed
Scottsdale, AZ 85260
I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. I provide a safe space from the initial contact so you feel comfortable to work on your goals. I want to make this process as comfortable as possible so clients can reach their goals quickly. My approach is collaborative with all clients and all presenting concerns. I believe that each client has their own unique story and I want to validate this story and healing. I work with clients ages 13 years old and up, focusing on individual and relationship issues. My email is minongmaier@gmail.com.
I am a Licensed Marriage and Family Therapist. I provide a safe space from the initial contact so you feel comfortable to work on your goals. I want to make this process as comfortable as possible so clients can reach their goals quickly. My approach is collaborative with all clients and all presenting concerns. I believe that each client has their own unique story and I want to validate this story and healing. I work with clients ages 13 years old and up, focusing on individual and relationship issues. My email is minongmaier@gmail.com.
(480) 351-0326 View (480) 351-0326
Photo of Tamara Nezirevic, Licensed Professional Counselor in Scottsdale, AZ
Tamara Nezirevic
Licensed Professional Counselor, MC, LPC, EMDRIA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Scottsdale, AZ 85260
Whether your goal is symptom relief, healing from trauma, performing well at your optimal career, finding the love you want, or igniting your Spirituality and potential for joy beyond daily routines, your current longing is most likely due to something unresolved from the past. Old wounds, left buried and unattended to, underlie symptoms limiting your current life. The longer we wait to face and heal wounds of the past, the longer we live less than who we really are, less than our optimal selves. Healing, vitality and living your full potential come from adaptively processing, understanding, and integrating those past experiences.
Whether your goal is symptom relief, healing from trauma, performing well at your optimal career, finding the love you want, or igniting your Spirituality and potential for joy beyond daily routines, your current longing is most likely due to something unresolved from the past. Old wounds, left buried and unattended to, underlie symptoms limiting your current life. The longer we wait to face and heal wounds of the past, the longer we live less than who we really are, less than our optimal selves. Healing, vitality and living your full potential come from adaptively processing, understanding, and integrating those past experiences.
(480) 405-0508 View (480) 405-0508
Photo of Emily Kade, Psychologist in Scottsdale, AZ
Emily Kade
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Scottsdale, AZ 85254
Only taking clients seeking evaluations, not counseling/therapy! Do you feel overwhelmed by worry, restlessness, intrusive thoughts, or constant self-criticism? Are you experiencing problems with sleep, concentration, or memory? Do you feel hopeless and burnt out? Do you feel like you've lost a sense of who you are, struggle socially, and feel uncertain about the world or your future? This is far more common than you might think. Depression, anxiety, trauma, and stress can present vastly different depending on the individual. Whatever your current challenges may be, I'm here to help you navigate your journey.
Only taking clients seeking evaluations, not counseling/therapy! Do you feel overwhelmed by worry, restlessness, intrusive thoughts, or constant self-criticism? Are you experiencing problems with sleep, concentration, or memory? Do you feel hopeless and burnt out? Do you feel like you've lost a sense of who you are, struggle socially, and feel uncertain about the world or your future? This is far more common than you might think. Depression, anxiety, trauma, and stress can present vastly different depending on the individual. Whatever your current challenges may be, I'm here to help you navigate your journey.
(928) 267-6103 View (928) 267-6103
Photo of Gila Lesky, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Scottsdale, AZ
Gila Lesky
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, BCD
Verified Verified
Scottsdale, AZ 85254
Within all people there is a compelling force to move toward life and fulfillment. There are challenges along the way, and in the midst of COVID 19, there is extraordinary stress. Health, relationships and coping is of paramount importance. Is there hope for my marriage? What impact is marital conflict having on my children? I specialize in co parenting after divorce and those contemplating divorce. My background allows me to work with chronic illness, as well as with medical students, residents and fellows experiencing both acute and long term stress, particularly in their personal and professional lives.
Within all people there is a compelling force to move toward life and fulfillment. There are challenges along the way, and in the midst of COVID 19, there is extraordinary stress. Health, relationships and coping is of paramount importance. Is there hope for my marriage? What impact is marital conflict having on my children? I specialize in co parenting after divorce and those contemplating divorce. My background allows me to work with chronic illness, as well as with medical students, residents and fellows experiencing both acute and long term stress, particularly in their personal and professional lives.
(412) 520-3674 View (412) 520-3674
Photo of Healthy Futures, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Scottsdale, AZ
Healthy Futures
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LCSW, SEP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Scottsdale, AZ 85258
Healthy Futures cures eating issues. Whether you struggle with bulimia or anorexia, to binge eating, we have a team of caring professionals to help lead you to a Healthy Future.
Healthy Futures cures eating issues. Whether you struggle with bulimia or anorexia, to binge eating, we have a team of caring professionals to help lead you to a Healthy Future.
(480) 451-8500 View (480) 451-8500
Photo of Ella Pretzlaff, Marriage & Family Therapist Associate in Scottsdale, AZ
Ella Pretzlaff
Marriage & Family Therapist Associate, MAS-MFT, LAMFT
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Scottsdale, AZ 85260
Do you want to live as the most empowered version of you? You might be feeling lost and disconnected, wanting to squeeze more out of life but not sure how to get there. You're probably really hard on yourself and that perfectionism has gotten you places, but now you're stuck. The podcasts, books, or accounts you follow aren't enough to stop the spinning. I can help! I work with individuals & couples who are seeking a closer relationship with themselves + others. I offer a safe space for self-discovery, processing emotions, gaining insight into relationships, building confidence, navigating decisions & softening the inner critic.
Do you want to live as the most empowered version of you? You might be feeling lost and disconnected, wanting to squeeze more out of life but not sure how to get there. You're probably really hard on yourself and that perfectionism has gotten you places, but now you're stuck. The podcasts, books, or accounts you follow aren't enough to stop the spinning. I can help! I work with individuals & couples who are seeking a closer relationship with themselves + others. I offer a safe space for self-discovery, processing emotions, gaining insight into relationships, building confidence, navigating decisions & softening the inner critic.
(480) 401-2640 View (480) 401-2640
Photo of Jackie Allen, Drug & Alcohol Counselor in Scottsdale, AZ
Jackie Allen
Drug & Alcohol Counselor, LISAC, CSAT
Verified Verified
3 Endorsed
Scottsdale, AZ 85260
What is keeping you from living the life you want? Therapy can be a powerful tool to identify goals and remove obstacles that may be preventing you from experiencing more fulfilling relationships with yourself, your career, and other people. If you are experiencing depression or anxiety, abusing substances, or having relationship difficulty, the process of therapy can be a useful way to discover how to create change. By exploring current and historical patterns, a greater awareness and understanding can emerge, allowing for more choice.
What is keeping you from living the life you want? Therapy can be a powerful tool to identify goals and remove obstacles that may be preventing you from experiencing more fulfilling relationships with yourself, your career, and other people. If you are experiencing depression or anxiety, abusing substances, or having relationship difficulty, the process of therapy can be a useful way to discover how to create change. By exploring current and historical patterns, a greater awareness and understanding can emerge, allowing for more choice.
(480) 613-4300 View (480) 613-4300
Photo of Around the Corner Counseling, PLLC, Licensed Professional Counselor in Scottsdale, AZ
Around the Corner Counseling, PLLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC, LISAC, CT, SEP, CGRS
Verified Verified
Scottsdale, AZ 85259
Hello, I am Michelle Gallagher. I have over 20 years of experience as a therapist and have a private practice. I work with adults who experience symptoms of trauma, attachment issues, substance use disorders, mood disorders, grief and loss, stress management, and a variety of other issues that impact your life, and the lives of those who care about you. I have a small office in North Scottsdale. Due to COVID-19, HIPAA approved video platform sessions are also available.
Hello, I am Michelle Gallagher. I have over 20 years of experience as a therapist and have a private practice. I work with adults who experience symptoms of trauma, attachment issues, substance use disorders, mood disorders, grief and loss, stress management, and a variety of other issues that impact your life, and the lives of those who care about you. I have a small office in North Scottsdale. Due to COVID-19, HIPAA approved video platform sessions are also available.
(602) 737-1139 View (602) 737-1139
Photo of Kevin Paul Nelson, Counselor in Scottsdale, AZ
Kevin Paul Nelson
Counselor, LAC, MA
Verified Verified
Scottsdale, AZ 85260
Kevin is committed to working with individuals, couples, teens, and pre-marital couples. He has very diverse life experiences from being a therapist, parent, spouse, business executive, women’s advocate, domestic violence counselor, and international businessman that he applies to work with clients from diverse backgrounds. He believes that therapy should provide a safe, understanding, trusting, and collaborative environment. You should feel supported and encouraged and never judged. We all have difficult life experiences at times and need an understanding partner to help us process and address those experiences.
Kevin is committed to working with individuals, couples, teens, and pre-marital couples. He has very diverse life experiences from being a therapist, parent, spouse, business executive, women’s advocate, domestic violence counselor, and international businessman that he applies to work with clients from diverse backgrounds. He believes that therapy should provide a safe, understanding, trusting, and collaborative environment. You should feel supported and encouraged and never judged. We all have difficult life experiences at times and need an understanding partner to help us process and address those experiences.
(623) 304-0744 View (623) 304-0744
Photo of Rebecca Tatum - EMDR Intensives , Licensed Professional Counselor in Scottsdale, AZ
Rebecca Tatum - EMDR Intensives
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Scottsdale, AZ 85260
Therapy is often sought in response to trauma, loss, or a desire to deepen one’s understanding of self. The concerns that impact our present oftentimes have their roots in our past, and we often are burdened by negative beliefs about our worth and our sense of safety, security, power, and agency. It is with this in mind that I offer the transformative modality of EMDR in an accelerated format called “EMDR Intensives” to support your healing journey; including sustainable changes in your life, alleviation of symptoms, success in relationships, confidence, self-acceptance, and much more.
Therapy is often sought in response to trauma, loss, or a desire to deepen one’s understanding of self. The concerns that impact our present oftentimes have their roots in our past, and we often are burdened by negative beliefs about our worth and our sense of safety, security, power, and agency. It is with this in mind that I offer the transformative modality of EMDR in an accelerated format called “EMDR Intensives” to support your healing journey; including sustainable changes in your life, alleviation of symptoms, success in relationships, confidence, self-acceptance, and much more.
(623) 292-4065 View (623) 292-4065
Photo of Geoffrey Streeter, Psychologist in Scottsdale, AZ
Geoffrey Streeter
Psychologist, MA, PsyD
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Scottsdale, AZ 85260  (Online Only)
I am a licensed clinical psychologist who primarily works with adolescents and adults. I utilize an empathic and structured approach to help individuals set and achieve goals, reduce negative symptoms and improve their overall quality of life. Through individual or group therapy, I can help you or your child better understand challenges and provide lasting skills that equip you to overcome and address those challenges in the future.
I am a licensed clinical psychologist who primarily works with adolescents and adults. I utilize an empathic and structured approach to help individuals set and achieve goals, reduce negative symptoms and improve their overall quality of life. Through individual or group therapy, I can help you or your child better understand challenges and provide lasting skills that equip you to overcome and address those challenges in the future.
(480) 400-0318 View (480) 400-0318
Photo of Stephon Jordan Lewis, Counselor in Scottsdale, AZ
Stephon Jordan Lewis
Counselor, LAC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Scottsdale, AZ 85258
Waitlist for new clients
Life often presents us with situations that can leave us feeling overwhelmed and unsure about how to move through them. Whether it's a loss of a loved one, transitions that cause us to rethink who we are and what we want, or events in which we've been harmed or mistreated - sometimes we all just need a space to explore our thoughts and feelings so that we can gain the confidence to move forward.
Life often presents us with situations that can leave us feeling overwhelmed and unsure about how to move through them. Whether it's a loss of a loved one, transitions that cause us to rethink who we are and what we want, or events in which we've been harmed or mistreated - sometimes we all just need a space to explore our thoughts and feelings so that we can gain the confidence to move forward.
(520) 214-8386 View (520) 214-8386
Photo of Erica Mantel, Clinical Social Work/Therapist in Scottsdale, AZ
Erica Mantel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Scottsdale, AZ 85258
In my practice, I work to create a space that is free from judgment and gives children and adolescents the opportunity to feel safe and heard. Your child will feel at ease in an environment where they can learn to express themselves fully and gain a better understanding of themselves and their life experiences. My work focuses on young people experiencing anxiety and depression, and for those who may feel the internal demand to be perfect and perform at high levels in school, sports, and all areas of their lives.
In my practice, I work to create a space that is free from judgment and gives children and adolescents the opportunity to feel safe and heard. Your child will feel at ease in an environment where they can learn to express themselves fully and gain a better understanding of themselves and their life experiences. My work focuses on young people experiencing anxiety and depression, and for those who may feel the internal demand to be perfect and perform at high levels in school, sports, and all areas of their lives.
(480) 391-9741 View (480) 391-9741

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Scottsdale, AZ

1,000+

Average cost per session

$150

Therapists in Scottsdale, AZ who prioritize treating:

91% Anxiety
85% Depression
80% Relationship Issues
78% Self Esteem
74% Trauma and PTSD
69% Coping Skills
69% Stress

Average years in practice

12 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

81% Aetna
63% BlueCross and BlueShield
58% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH

How Therapists in Scottsdale, AZ see their clients

72% In Person and Online
28% Online Only

Gender breakdown

82% Female
17% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Scottsdale?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.